Abstract: The invention relates to improving the endurance of the beads of a radial tire for a heavy vehicle of construction plant type by reducing the cracking that starts at the end of the turn-up and spreads through the polymer coating, edging and filling materials. According to the invention, a transition element, made of a polymer transition material, is at least partially in contact, on its axially outer face, with the polymer edging material and, on its axially inner face, with a polymer filling material, the radially outer and radially inner ends of the transition element are respectively radially on the outside and radially on the inside of the end of the turn-up and the elastic modulus at 10% elongation of the polymer transition material is somewhere between the respective elastic moduluses at 10% elongation of the polymer edging material and of the polymer filling material with which the transition element is in contact.

Abstract: A reduced weight, reduced density gypsum panel that includes high expansion vermiculite with fire resistance capabilities that are at least comparable to (if not better than) commercial fire rated gypsum panels with a much greater gypsum content, weight and density.

Abstract: A method for forming an optical element deposits a first thin film coating to form a first coated surface on a first transparent substrate that is substantially flat, wherein, for incident light at an angle of incidence exceeding 5 degrees, the first multilayer thin film coating transmits a first wavelength band and reflects a second wavelength band. The first coated surface has a first surface form, and further has a second surface opposite the first coated surface with a second surface form. The second surface of the first substrate bonds to a third surface of a second transparent substrate to form the optical element. The third surface has a third surface form prior to bonding and the first coated surface has a fourth surface form after bonding. The difference between the fourth and the third surface forms is less than the difference between the first and third surface forms.

Abstract: System including a stamping device configured to apply stamps to first and second products having target surfaces. The stamping device applies the stamps when the target surfaces are moved into a stamp-application region. The system also includes a first transporter device having a receiving side. The first transporter device is configured to hold the first products such that the target surfaces of the first products are exposed along the receiving side. The system also includes a second transporter device having a receiving side. The second transporter device is configured to hold the second products such that the target surfaces of the second products are exposed along the receiving side of the second transporter device. The first and second transporter devices are configured to hold the respective first and second products such that the target surfaces of the first and second products face in a generally common direction.

Abstract: A dimensionally stable floor covering comprises a tufted textile substrate and a reinforcement layer attached to the textile substrate. The reinforcement layer includes an adhesive backing compound and reinforcement fibers surrounded by the adhesive backing. The fibers may form a continuous layer on the back side of the floor covering or may be dispersed within the adhesive backing compound. The adhesive backing compound may be hot water-soluble to facilitate recycling of the floor covering. The floor covering may optionally include additional backing layers (including cushions) and may be used as a broadloom carpet, a carpet tile, or other modular floor covering products. Methods of manufacturing, installing, and recycling the present floor coverings are also provided.

Abstract: A clay film composite which exhibits high gas barrier properties even under high humidity conditions is provided. The clay film composite having a clay film including a clay without or with an additive, and provided on at least one surface thereof, a water vapor barrier layer having a water permeability of 1.0 g/m2·day or less. The clay film preferably has a distance between clay particle layers of 1.3 nm or less. The clay film preferably has a water content of 3.0% by mass or less. It is preferable to melt-bond the water vapor barrier layer to the clay film.

Abstract: The present application is directed to methods of using articles useful as graphic films. Specifically, the present application is directed to a method of displaying an image comprising providing a substrate with an irregular surface and applying an adhesive article to the substrate. The adhesive article comprises a film layer, and an adhesive layer. The film layer comprises a thermoplastic polyurethane and a cellulose ester. The adhesive layer adheres the adhesive article to the substrate.

Abstract: An arrangement for attaching a system to a structure having a base element to retain the system, a positioning element to position the base element at a location on the structure and a fixation device to fix the base element at the location on the structure. The base element has a section for holding the system and a section for being clamped to the structure. The clamping section has an element for alignment on the positioning element. The positioning element has a surface for being bonded to the structure and a positioning section for acting together with the alignment element. The fixation device has a counter element with a clamping area for being positioned on an opposite side of the structure from the clamping section and a fastener for clamping the base element and the counter element to the structure. An installation method for such an attachment arrangement is provided.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a translucent rigid substrate laminate, which method can improve position precision. Further provided is a translucent rigid substrate bonding apparatus that contributes to improvement of the position precision while increasing production efficiency of a plate-shaped product. In the method of manufacturing a translucent rigid substrate laminate and the translucent rigid substrate bonding apparatus according to the present invention, when translucent rigid substrates are bonded in a predetermined positional relationship by interposing a photo-curable fixing agent including (A) polyfunctional (meth)acrylate, (B) monofunctional (meth)acrylate and (C) a photopolymerization initiator therebetween, the entire fixing agent spreading between the both translucent rigid substrates is cured every time the translucent rigid substrates are bonded.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a manifold for a fuel cell with a multilayer structure by injection-molding individual manifolds, each having welding projections and welding guides, and bonding the injection-molded individual manifolds by vibration welding includes arranging welding projections of an upper individual manifold and welding guides of a lower individual manifold to be engaged with each other while maintaining a uniform gap between each other to bond a plurality of individual manifolds in an up and down stacking structure, pressing the lower individual manifold upward, and applying vibration to the upper individual manifold in the left and right direction, thus bonding the upper and lower individual manifolds. Among the welding projections of the upper individual manifold, a non-horizontal welding projection whose longitudinal direction does not coincide with the vibration direction of the individual manifold has a variable height.

Abstract: A device and method with at least one base molding tool, at least one release layer and an aeration material, for the manufacture of a bonded component from fiber-reinforced plastic, wherein the bonded component, the aeration material and the release layer are covered with a vacuum envelope sealed with respect to the base molding tool. The aeration material is attached to the base molding tool by at least one fixing element, in particular a Velcro-type tape with hooks or mushroom heads, wherein the fixing element can be repeatably released and attached, and can be used on multiple occasions. The tape with hooks or mushroom heads operating on one or both sides allows for the rapid fixing of location of the aeration material that is necessary within the device. After the completion of the curing process in the autoclave, the aeration material can be released rapidly from the base molding tool.

Abstract: A method of forming a repair patch for repairing a damaged inflatable object is provided. The method comprises forming a backing formed polyimide material and applying as adhesive material to the backing, for securing the polyimide backing material to the inflatable object. The backing may be formed as a thin film of polyimide material and the adhesive may be formed as thin film of adhesive having a high temperature resistance, e.g. 300° F. or higher. The adhesive may be formed of silicon or acrylic contact adhesive having high temperature resistance. The release layer may be applied to the adhesive material.

Abstract: The invention provides an autoclave capable of creating a uniform temperature distribution inside a pressurized chamber and a method for manufacturing tires using the autoclave. The autoclave shaped as a cylindrical pressurized chamber has a heat source and a fan disposed on one end side thereof and ducts extending lengthwise on the inner peripheral wall surface thereof to discharge air blown by the fan to the other end side thereof. And the air outlets of the ducts are so designed as to discharge the air blown by the fan in a circumferential direction of the pressurized chamber.

Abstract: Structural members having enhanced load bearing capacity per unit mass include a skeleton structure formed from strips of material. Notches may be placed on the strips and a weave of tensile material placed in the notches and woven around the skeleton structure. At least one pair of structural members can be jointed together to provide very strong joints due to a weave patterns of tensile material, such as Kevlar, that distributes stress throughout the structure, preventing stress from concentrating in one area. Methods of manufacturing such structural members include molding material into skeletons of desired cross section using a matrix of molding segments. Total catastrophic failures in composite materials are substantially avoided and the strength to weight ratio of structures can be increased.

Abstract: Method for producing a cladding element. The method includes applying a resin to a visible surface and to a contact surface of a wood material base board, applying at least one non-resin impregnated paper ply to the visible surface and at least one non-resin impregnated paper ply to the contact surface of the wood material base board, and pressing the at least one non-resin impregnated paper ply onto the resin applied visible surface and the at least one non-resin impregnated paper ply onto the resin applied contact surface. In this manner, the at least one paper ply on the visible surface and at least one paper ply on the contact surface are fully impregnated.

Abstract: A thin film polymer structure having a functional substance on the face (A surface) and reverse face (B surface) of the film, obtained by the steps of: (a) causing polyfunctional molecules to adsorb to an area of an arbitrary shape in an interface between a substrate body and a liquid phase; (b) polymerizing and/or crosslinking the adsorbing polyfunctional molecules to form a polymer thin film; (c) bonding a functional substance to the A surface of the formed thin film and then (d) forming a soluble support film thereon; exfoliating the thin film and the soluble support film from the substrate body; (e) bonding to the B surface of the thin film a functional substance identical to or different from the abovementioned functional substance and then dissolving the soluble support film with a solvent. A method for preparing a thin film molecular structure having a functional substance on the face (A surface) and reverse face (B surface) of the film is offered through the above process.

Abstract: Provided are nonwoven polymeric fiber webs using an improved curable composition. Such curable composition comprises an aldehyde or ketone and an amine salt of an inorganic acid. The composition when applied to polymeric fibers is cured to form a water-insoluble polymer binder which exhibits good adhesion and thermodimensional stability.

Abstract: A product (10) made from an extruded sheet or web of material (42) having a non-linear cross-section, and the process of making the product (10) is provided. The extruded web or extrudate (42) is plastically deformed in selected areas and then folded. When folded into the appropriate shape, the extrudate (42) is formed into a product (10) having a plurality of cells (14). The cells (14a) may have one or more openings (34a), allowing access to an interior of the cell (14a) and reducing the weight of the product (10a).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a two-piece or composite graphite blank applicable for EDM or other similar needs. The composite electrode will combine a low cost backer substrate material manufactured to size for fixture holding without additional machining for attachment with a high cost material sufficient for the EDM process. The two pieces will be physically attached by an adhesive suitable for bonding graphite or copper impregnated graphite. The pre no-machining backer material sized for fixture holding reduces waste and machining costs for end users.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a bonded member is disclosed in which spread of an adhesive between two members can be performed in a short time and manufacturing time of a bonded member can be reduced. A predetermined area of at least either one of bonded surfaces of two members is coated with an adhesive, while a spreading adhesive is applied on at least either one of the bonded surfaces of the two members, and the bonded surfaces of the two members are caused to face each other, the spreading adhesive is brought into contact with the coating adhesive of the other member or the other member, the two members are pressurized so as to spread the spreading adhesive, and the two members are bonded together so as to manufacture a bonded member.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a crystal unit fills an adhesive from a first opening in a front surface of a mask of each of penetration holes in the mask in a state in which the mask is set on a base, into each penetration hole, and heats, by a heating element, a sidewall region defining a second opening in a back surface of the mask, in order to cure a sidewall part of the adhesive in the sidewall region defining each penetration hole in contact with the adhesive filling each penetration hole. A crystal blank is bonded on the base using the adhesive in order to form the crystal unit, after removing the mask from the base.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a multilayer electronic component includes the steps of preparing a laminate including a plurality of laminated insulating layers and a plurality of internal electrodes disposed along interfaces between the insulating layers, edges of the internal electrodes being exposed at a predetermined surface of the laminate, and forming an external electrode on the predetermined surface to electrically connect exposed the edges of the internal electrodes. The step of forming an external electrode includes a plating step of forming a continuous plating film by depositing plating deposits on the edges of the internal electrodes exposed at the predetermined surface and by performing plating growth to be connected to each other, and a heat treatment step of performing a heat treatment at an oxygen partial pressure of about 5 ppm or less and at a temperature of about 600° C. or more.

Abstract: A method of joining a first component to a second component, the method comprising preparing the first component by forming an array of elongate projections on a bond surface of the component, each projection having a centreline, a tip, and a base. The centreline at the tip of each projection is oriented at an angle with respect to the normal to the bond surface at its base, and the angular orientation of the tip centrelines varies across the array of projections. Next, the first component and a flexible layer are brought together so as to embed the projections in the flexible layer before hardening the flexible layer to form the second component. Also, a joint so formed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing or surface treating a wire wrapped screen for use in a wellbore improves the erosion resistance of the wire-wrapped screen. The wire-wrapped screen can be disposed on an axle positioned in a chamber containing a source of erosion resistant surface coating. The coating is then deposited on the exterior of the wire-wrapped screen using a deposition process, such as physical vapor deposition or thermal spraying. Alternatively, a spray system proximate the wire-wrapped screen can have a deposition nozzle to coat the exterior surface of the screen with an elastomer coating by spraying an elastomer. In additional embodiments, the wire for the wire-wrapped screen can first be treated for erosion resistance and then wound about a mandrel to form the wire-wrapped screen.

Abstract: An actinic radiation activated, thermally curable solid film adhesive is disclosed that includes a film forming polymeric binder, a cationically curable resin, and a cationic photoinitiator. The solid film adhesive is capable of being processed at temperatures up to 120° C. prior to exposure to actinic radiation without curing, has a latency period at room temperature following activation of the initiator, and is curable at temperatures above 50° C. following activation of the initiator.

Abstract: Included herein are constructional techniques involving component parts designed with features to assist in welding assembly as well as finished goods produced thereby. The techniques are useful in connection with thermoplastics, thermoplastic composites and especially advantageous as applied to easily recycled self-reinforced thermoplastic composites.

Abstract: Multi-layered paint on a border of a surface acoustic wave touch device may reduce attenuation. The touch substrate has a front surface and a back surface where the front surface has a touch region. Multi-layered paint is formed on the back surface to form a border along the touch substrate. The multi-layered paint includes a mirror layer and a color layer. The surface acoustic waves propagate over at least a portion of the border region such that the surface acoustic waves propagate on the multi-layered paint without excessive wave attenuation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a multi-chamber semiconductor processing apparatus including at least two micro chambers for receiving and processing a semiconductor wafer. Each micro chamber includes an upper chamber portion defining an upper working surface and a lower chamber portion defining a lower working surface. The upper chamber portion and the lower chamber portion are relatively movable between an open position for loading or removing the semiconductor wafer and a closed position for receiving and processing the semiconductor wafer. Compared with the prior art, the multi-chamber semiconductor processing apparatus of the present disclosure are provided with a plurality of micro chambers in a longitudinal direction, which enables the multi-chamber semiconductor processing apparatus to carry out single-wafer chemical processing on a plurality of semiconductor wafers at the same time.

Abstract: This invention provides a protective sheet for glass etching, having excellent etching solution penetration resistance, non-contaminating property and peeling efficiency. The protective sheet comprises a substrate and a PSA layer provided on one face of the substrate, such that, when the protective sheet is adhered to a non-etching area when etching glass, it protects the non-etching area from an etching solution. The PSA layer is constituted with a PSA having a gel fraction of 60% or higher. The PSA is an acrylic PSA comprising an acrylic polymer as a primary component. The acrylic polymer is synthesized by polymerizing starting monomers comprising, as a primary monomer, a monomer represented by a formula: CH2?CR1COOR2 (R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 is an alkyl group). The primary monomer comprises as a primary component a monomer with R2 being an alkyl group having 6 or more carbons.

Abstract: A vacuum processing device and a vacuum processing method that strongly chuck and hold an insulating substrate when plasma processing is performed are provided. The vacuum processing device includes a vacuum chamber that is grounded; a vacuum evacuation device connected to the vacuum chamber; a chuck device arranged inside the vacuum chamber; a chuck power supply for applying an output voltage to a single-pole type electrode provided in the chuck device; a plasma generation gas introduction device for introducing a plasma generation gas into the vacuum chamber; and a plasma generation portion which converts the plasma generation gas into plasma. An object to be processed is arranged on the chuck device; and the chuck power supply applies an output voltage to the single-pole type electrode while the plasma is being generated inside the vacuum chamber; and the object to be processed is processed by the plasma while the object to be processed is being chucked by the chuck device.

Abstract: A microwave radiation antenna includes an antenna body having a microwave radiation surface; a processing gas inlet configured to introduce a processing gas into the antenna body; a gas diffusion space configured to diffuse the processing gas in the antenna body; a plurality of gas outlets provided in the antenna body and configured to discharge the processing gas into the chamber; a plurality of slots provided in the antenna body under a state where the slots are separated from the gas diffusion space and the gas outlets; and an annular dielectric member provided in the microwave radiation surface side of the antenna body to cover a slot formation region where the slots are formed. A metal surface wave is formed in the microwave radiation surface by the microwave radiated through the slots and the annular dielectric member and a surface wave plasma is generated by the metal surface wave.

Abstract: This bonding system comprises a bonding processing station and a carry in/out station which carries a substrate to be processed, a supporting substrate or a bonded substrate that is obtained by bonding a substrate to be processed and a supporting substrate into/out of the bonding processing station. The bonding processing station comprises a coating device which applies an adhesive to the substrate to be processed or the supporting substrate and a heat treatment device that heats the substrate, to which the adhesive has been applied. In addition, a bonding device turns over one of the substrates, and presses the overturned substrate against the other substrate with an adhesive therebetween, thereby bonding the substrates together. A conveyance region conveys the substrate(s) to the coating device, the heat treatment device and the bonding device.

Abstract: A tape dispenser including a body with having several functional elements formed thereon, including a cutting edge, an anvil, a guide, finger grips, and a thumb rest. The body also defines an opening for receiving a tape roll therein. The opening may be formed between an outer wall and an inner wall. The dispenser may also include a resilient element that causes the outer wall to contact the tape periphery, even as the tape roll is being depleted. The resilient element also allows for relatively easy loading and unloading of the tape roll without the need to remove or dissemble any parts of the system. A brake also allows the user to stop dispensing tape by pressing the outer wall against the outer periphery of the tape roll.

Abstract: A dispensing and sealing system generally includes a film-feed assembly with a support mechanism for a supply of film and a film-drive mechanism to advance the film along a path, a dispenser with an outlet port for dispensing fluid into the film, and a transverse seal mechanism for forming a seal in the film transversely of the path. A calendering device and a movable structure for the support mechanism are also described.

Abstract: A device for detaching a cover adhesively attached to a base is provided. The device includes a support plate for supporting the base, and a suction plate applying an overall and uniform attracting action to the cover by means of a vacuum. The device further includes a driving unit to pull the suction plate away from the base. The device further includes a heating element to heat and soften adhesive, thereby weakening the adhesive bond between the base and the cover and allowing the release of the cover from the base.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method for performing ELO are disclosed. Device assemblies are contemporaneously etched in a stacked arrangement. Each device assembly may be placed in a respective tray, where the trays are overlapped and spaced apart from one another. In this manner, more device assemblies can be etched per unit area compared to conventional systems. Further, by stacking device assemblies during etching, the yield can be improved and/or the cost of the etch tank and associated hardware can be reduced.

Abstract: A process for concentrating and recovering a surfactant aqueous solution, by evaporating and concentrating a surfactant aqueous solution containing a gasifiable surfactant and an aqueous solvent to increase the concentration of the surfactant, which comprises storing the surfactant aqueous solution in an evaporator 12; adjusting the temperature of the surfactant aqueous solution in the evaporator 12 to be lower than the boiling point of the aqueous solvent under the pressure in the evaporator 12; withdrawing a part of the surfactant aqueous solution from the evaporator 12, superheating it by a superheater 14 under conditions that all the surfactant and the aqueous solvent are formed into an annular flow or an annular mist flow, and spraying it from a nozzle 32 having a shape such that the outlet side first narrows and then widens outward, into the evaporator 12; and evaporating and removing the aqueous solvent.

Abstract: A curtain integrated door regulator structure includes a motor, a drive gear, a drum retainer, a glass driving drum, a curtain driving drum, gear keys and key grooves. The motor generates a rotational driving force to rotate a driving shaft. The drive gear has a shaft receiving hole into which a driving shaft of the motor is fitted. The drum retainer has a spiral groove shaft supporting part spirally coupled to a spiral protrusion disposed on an outer circumference of the drive gear. The glass driving drum and the curtain driving drum are rotatably received in the drum retainer and disposed at an outer side of the drive gear. The gear keys are disposed on the outer circumference of the drive gear. The key grooves are formed in the glass driving drum and the curtain driving drum, respectively, and have a shape corresponding to that of the gear keys.

Abstract: A curtain divider for an aircraft interior containing pivot stow bins includes a first fabric curtain, having an outboard end and an inboard end, which is attachable to the aircraft interior only at the outboard and inboard ends. The first fabric curtain includes a vertical portion, and a horizontal portion. The vertical portion has a substantially straight bottom edge, and an arcuate top edge defining a space sufficient for opening the pivot stow bins. The horizontal portion is flexibly attached to the vertical portion along the top edge and extends from the outboard end to the inboard end, having a substantially continuous curvature. The horizontal portion is adapted to impart forward and aft stability to the curtain support member at the top edge.

Abstract: A covering device for a luggage compartment of a vehicle substantially comprises a trunk covering comprising an inner roller blind which covers the luggage compartment. In order to install the trunk covering in, and remove the latter from, the vehicle, said trunk covering is brought by one end vertically and horizontally into a plug-in device on the vehicle, wherein the remote, other longitudinal end of the trunk covering is latched in a lock by means of a rotational movement.

Abstract: A roller shade may be retracted and extended. In various implementations, when a roller shade is extended it may be laterally repositioned. The roller shade may include a track and a travelling member.

Abstract: A deformable guide for a rollable door is disclosed. The guide has two wall portions. One wall portion defines a longitudinal edge while another wall portion defines an inner longitudinal planar face. Together, the inner longitudinal planar face and the longitudinal edge define a longitudinal slot. The guide receives, via the longitudinal slot, a longitudinal end section of a rollable door side strip, the inner longitudinal planar face of the guide providing a mating surface for a planar surface of the side strip. A longitudinal rib of the longitudinal end section of the side strip is maintained within the guide. The side strip is released by widening of the longitudinal slot upon application on the side strip of a force exceeding a predetermined threshold. A guiding system including the deformable guide and the side strip and a rollable door including the guiding system are also disclosed.

Abstract: A skew adjustment method and apparatus for adjusting the skewed condition of a movable rail of a window covering in which the movable rail is supported by lift cords wrapped around spools. A drive train disconnecting mechanism is used to disconnect a first spool from a second spool, the first spool is rotated relative to the second spool, thereby changing the length of the first lift cord relative to the second lift cord until the movable rail is in the desired position; and then the first and second spools are reconnected so the first and second spools rotate together. An end cap may be used to enable multiple disassemblies and reassemblies of the end cap to access the skew adjustment mechanism. In one embodiment, there are two movable rails, and the lift cords for both movable rails extend through the same rout holes in the covering. Disconnecting the first spool from the second spool may activate a mechanism that prevents the second spool from rotating.

Abstract: A method of producing cellulose from lignocellulosic material by sulfite digestion or sulfate digestion in the presence of a salt of dithionous acid comprises using the salt of dithionous acid in an amount from 0.1 to 4.0 wt. % based on the amount of oven-dry lignocellulosic material.

Abstract: Compositions that can be used in a paper material, which may include an anionic polymer, a polyamidoamine epihalohydrin resin, and a stabilizer, are disclosed. Methods for adding the compositions to a paper material are also disclosed.

Abstract: Metal alloy injection molding techniques are described. In one or more implementations, these techniques may also include adjustment of injection pressure, configuration of runners, and/or use of vacuum pressure, and so on to encourage flow of the metal alloy through a mold. Techniques are also described that utilize protrusions to counteract thermal expansion and subsequent contraction of the metal alloy upon cooling. Further, techniques are described in which a radius of edges of a feature is configured to encourage flow and reduce voids. A variety of other techniques are also described herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a regenerator including a packed bed of energy storage elements made of a material having the following chemical analysis: 25%<Fe2O3<90%, 5%<Al2O3<30%, CaO<20%, TiO2<25%, 3%<SiO2<50%, Na2O<10%, Fe2O3+Al2O3+CaO+TiO2+SiO2+Na2O>80%, and other compounds: complement to 100%.

Abstract: A rear air conditioner for a vehicle including a discharge module mounted at an air outflow port of an air-conditioning case and having a discharge case and a rotary mode door; two face vents formed at both side walls of the discharge case; a floor vent formed at the center of the discharge case; and an air mixing zone formed inside the rotary mode door, thereby reducing the size of the air conditioner because a plurality of the vents are intensively arranged in the discharge case, enhancing installability due to the modulated components, reducing a temperature difference of the air discharged to the left and right sides inside the vehicle due to an improved mixability. The inside of the rotary mode door can be utilized as the air mixing zone. The degrees of opening of the face vents and the floor vent are controlled by the single mode door.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a cooling apparatus for subsea applications with a shell and tube heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a longitudinal shell. The shell forms a cavity with a fluid inlet port and fluid outlet port. A bundle of tubes extends from an inlet plenum chamber with an inlet port and into the shell on the same side of the shell as a bundle of tubes extending from an outlet plenum chamber with an outlet port. At least one tube sheet seals against the shell cavity and the inlet and outlet plenum chambers. The bundle of tubes extending from the inlet plenum chamber is in fluid connection with the bundle of tubes extending from the outlet plenum chamber. A retrievable pump module with a sealed pump module housing is placed adjacent the heat exchanger and includes a motor driving an ambient sea water pump.

Abstract: The field of the invention relates to systems and methods for exchanging heat from the degradation, decomposition, and chemical/biochemical transformation of municipal, industrial, and other types of waste. In one embodiment, a heat extraction system may include a closed-loop fluid circulation piping channeled throughout at least one heat extraction well oriented throughout a waste mass. The piping is fluidly coupled to a heat exchanger. A first circulation fluid is circulated through the closed-loop circulation piping into various depths of the waste mass to transfer thermal energy between said mass and said heat exchanger. In one embodiment, the transfer of thermal energy between the waste mass and the heat exchanger is used as alternative energy method and to control at least one of shear strength, compressibility, and hydraulic conductivity of the waste mass.