Abstract: Video sharing is described. In an embodiment, mobile video capture devices such as mobile telephones capture video streams of the same event. A video sharing system obtains contextual information about the video streams and uses that to form a video output from the streams, that output being for sharing by other entities. For example, the formed video provides an enhanced viewing experience as compared with an individual one of the input video streams. In embodiments the contextual information may be obtained from content analysis of the video streams, from stored context information and from control information such as device characteristics. In some embodiments the video streams of a live event are received and the output video formed in real time. In examples feedback is provided to video capture devices to suggest that the zoom, viewing position or other characteristics are adjusted or to achieve this automatically.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method and a portable device for focusing an image in the device (10), which device (10) comprises; a first image recording arrangement (24a) for recording images of an user (50) of the device (10); a second image recording arrangement (24b) comprising an autofocus arrangement for recording images of the environment surrounding the device (10); and a display arrangement (22) for reproducing the recorded images of the environment surrounding the device (10), which method comprises the step of: obtaining a plurality of gazing directions of the user (50) from images recorded by the first image recording arrangement (24a); selecting focusing areas depending on the obtained gazing directions; processing said at least one image of the environment so as to create a final image that is focused within areas defined by the focusing areas.

Abstract: A system including a digital camera and remote display glasses. The remote display glasses include a frame, at least one display, and a first and a second temple configured to support the display proximate to at least one of the user's eyes when the remote display glasses are worn on the user's head. The digital camera includes a lens configured to capture light, an electronic viewfinder; a video processor configured to generate an image, and a camera switch configured to selectively transmit the image from the video processor to the electronic viewfinder or the display of the remote display glasses.

Abstract: A multidimensional histogram is used to characterize an image (or object), and is used to identify candidate matches with one or more reference images (or objects). An exemplary implementation employs hue information for two of the dimensions, and a second derivative function based on luminance for a third dimension. The simplicity and speed of the detailed arrangements make them well suited for use with cell phones and other mobile devices, which can use the technology for image/object recognition, e.g., in visual search applications.

Abstract: Disclosed are example methods and apparatuses for image processing for improving an out-of-focus effect. A disclosed example methods includes capturing a first image, a second image, and a third image, which are captured with a different focus for a same subject and background; setting a subject portion and a background portion using the first and second images; combining the subject portion of first image and the background portion of the third image with each other to obtain an narrow depth-of-field (DOF) image; and performing image processing on the obtained narrow DOF image.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus can use a reading time from an image sensor efficiently. To achieve the object, the image capturing apparatus includes an image capturing unit which is configured to (i) capture image data (ii) separate the image data having a plurality of color components into a plurality of fields, and (iii) output each of the plurality of fields, the image-capturing unit being switchable between a first mode and a second mode, and a selecting unit which is configured to select two or more, but not all, of a plurality of fields, an image-generating unit which generates a low-resolution image based on image data of a field being selected by the selecting unit, and a controlling unit that is configured to cause the image-generating unit to generate the low-resolution image while the controlling unit outputs a field other than the field selected by the selecting unit.

Abstract: Distortions in digital image data, for example, radial falloff and improper white balance, are corrected without introducing artifacts in saturated regions or causing near-saturated regions to become saturated. The approach avoids pushing near-saturated colors into saturation by assuring that the total gain applied to a pixel channel is always less than 1. A spatially adaptive clamp threshold is used to clamp color values for a pixel after the color channel color values have been gain-adjusted. In this manner, saturated pixel color values that have been shifted-down into non-saturated regions are clamped to a maximum valid value and are presented as white in images generated from the gain-adjusted image data. One example embodiment may calculate an adaptive clamp threshold for each pixel in the image data. Another example embodiment may calculate an adaptive clamp threshold for each pixel in a row of pixels in the image data.

Abstract: A white balancing method includes capturing an original image with red (R), green (G) and blue (B) color channels; computing and converting the R, G and B color channels into original color histogram; stretching the original color histograms over the entire grayscale width from 0 to 255 values; and adjusting a color of the original image based on the stretched color histograms to obtain a white balanced image. In the computing and converting the original color histograms, a sampling length follows a formula of spanm=min{(2h, H), (2w, W)}, wherein h=[log2 H]+1, w=[log2 W]+1, H represents a height of the original image, W represents a width of the original image, [ ] is the Gaussian symbol, ( ) is greatest common divisor function, and min{ } means selecting the minimum value. An image capturing device using the white balancing method is also provided.

Abstract: Provided are a digital image processing apparatus, and a method of controlling the same, the method including inputting a setup image having a first region input via a filter; extracting first color information from the first region; retrieving a stored image; generating a display image by changing colors of the stored image based on the first color information; and displaying the display image.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus and method. The apparatus including: an image pickup unit configured to capture an image of a subject to create image data; a image pickup unit controller configured to set a photographing time that is longer than an exposure time required for photographing the subject, and configured to divide the overall photographing time into a plurality of unit photographing times, and configured to control the image pickup unit to sequentially perform a plurality of unit photographing operations corresponding to the plurality of unit photographing times to create unit images; a storage unit; a user inputting unit; an image synthesis unit configured to sum up the image data of the unit images to create preparatory images and configured to sum up the unit images of a preparatory image to create a final image; and a display unit configured to display the preparatory images and the final image.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention is a method of generating a final exposure setting, including, (a) selecting one of a number of predetermined exposure settings as a current exposure setting for a solid state camera having a camera imager, (b) generating a captured scene by the camera imager using the current exposure setting, (c) selecting according to an automated search methodology another one of the exposure settings to be the current setting in response to the captured scene being underexposed or overexposed, and, (d) repeating (b) and (c) until the captured scene is neither underexposed or overexposed.

Abstract: An image restoration device according to the present invention includes: a point spread function storage unit which stores any two PSFs among a first range PSF for restoring a first sweep image serving as a sweep image when a sweep range is a first range; a second range PSF for restoring a second sweep image serving as the sweep image when the sweep range is a second range which excludes the first range; a third range PSF for restoring a third sweep image serving as the sweep image when the sweep range is a third range obtained by combining the first range and the second range; and a PSF calculation unit which performs addition or subtraction on the two PSFs to calculate a remaining one among the first, second, and third range PSFs.

Abstract: An image-capturing device includes: an image sensor that captures an image of a photographic subject and outputs the image; an image size conversion unit that converts a whole of the image outputted from the image sensor to an entire region image having a lesser number of pixels than a number of pixels of the whole of the image; a cutting out region setting unit that sets a cutting out region for a partial region image to be cut out from the image outputted from the image sensor; an image cutting out unit that cuts out the partial region image corresponding to the cutting out region from the image outputted from the image sensor; and a recording control unit that records the entire region image converted by the image size conversion unit and the partial region image cut out by the image cutting out unit in an image recording unit, while establishing a relation to each other.

Abstract: A measurement method and a measurement device are disclosed. The measurement method is adapted to a 3D display capable of producing a plurality of viewing zones, which includes following steps. At least a part of a display area of the 3D display displays an image of one of the viewing zones. Light radiation amounts of a first position of the 3D display are detected with a light detector from different viewing angles. A viewing angle with a local maximum light radiation amount is taken as a reference viewing angle, a distance between the light detector and the 3D display along the reference viewing angle is changed, and light radiation amounts of a plurality of different second positions of the 3D display are detected in different distances. A distance at which light radiation amounts of the second positions are most uniform is taken as the optimal viewing distance.

Abstract: An image capturing unit outputs both a valid video signal (a primary video signal) and an unnecessary video signal (a secondary video signal) as an output signal; a flash detection unit detects white band interference caused by an external flash; and a flash correction unit delays the valid video signal using a first delay unit and delays the unnecessary video signal using a second delay unit. When white band interference has occurred, the outputs of the respective delay units are added together by an adding unit, generating a corrected signal. An output selection unit selects and outputs the signal from the first delay unit in normal times, and when interference caused by an external flash has occurred, selects and outputs the corrected signal.

Abstract: An AR taking image producer produces an AR taking image of a current frame. A displaying image producer produces a displaying image of the current frame and first to fourth interpolative displaying images. An image pattern reader reads a marker on the AR taking image. CPU retrieves AR moving image that is associated with the marker from an AR image memory. An AR image overlying section produces first to fourth interpolative AR images, and overlies the images on the areas of the marker.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an image capturing device and a lens actuating device and a lens actuating method thereof. The lens actuating device comprises a focus lens group, a zoom lens group, a motor and a microcontroller. The focus lens group is arranged for changing a focus point of the image. The zoom lens group is arranged for changing distance of the image. The motor is arranged for driving the movements of the focus lens group and the zoom lens group respectively. The microcontroller is arranged for receiving a plurality of instructions, and controlling the motor at one of a plurality of predetermined speeds according to the instruction received to control the motor to drive the focus lens group or the zoom lens group to perform a focus motion or a zoom motion.

Abstract: A method for preprocessing analog image data to reduce noise in the analog image data that is readout from a pixel array of an image sensor during a sampling time is disclosed. The method includes generating multiple samples of the analog image data during the sampling time and then limiting values of the multiple samples to an upper and lower threshold. The method also includes pre-conditioning the multiple samples by applying a weighting factor to each of the multiple samples in response to when a respective sample was generated during the sampling time. A median value of the multiple samples is then determined and outputted.

Abstract: An imaging technology having high reproducibility of a document and making image correction possible, without being influenced by a way of placing the document or a position of a camera, and irrespective of paper color and despite of damage of a corner portion. By printing positioning symbols on document paper in advance when the document is photographed by a digital camera or a portable phone with a camera, such as a smart phone, and by processing the image based on these positioning symbols, image processing having high reproducibility of the document and making image correction (keystone correction) possible can be implemented irrespective of paper color and despite damage to a corner portion.

Abstract: An integrated circuit comprises a semiconductor substrate and a color image sensor array on the substrate. The color image sensor array has a first configuration of color pixels for collecting color image data, and at least one crosstalk test pattern on the substrate proximate the color image sensor array. The crosstalk test pattern includes a plurality of color sensing pixels arranged for making color crosstalk measurements. The test pattern configuration is different from the first configuration.

Abstract: There is provided an image processing apparatus and system for demosaicing. The image processing apparatus comprises an edge determination module configured to determine whether a target pixel is an edge pixel and a direction of an image edge if the target pixel is an edge pixel; and a demosaicing module configured to extract a luminance component value of the target pixel using a Bayer image pattern having the target pixel in a central portion of the Bayer image pattern, wherein the demosaicing module is configured to extract the luminance component value of the target pixel using the Bayer image pattern by a weighting process if the target pixel is determined as an edge pixel.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a method of improving filter wheel imaging data capture and other functionality through use of an improved filter wheel design with pie shaped filter segments, continuously rotating image capture, multiple filtered images, and easily removable and attachable filter segments.

Abstract: A color filter allows a light signal to pass through by each pixel and be incident on an imaging device. The light signal is inputted through a lens and including one of plural different spectral components. The plural different spectral components include a first spectral component which has a widest frequency bandwidth among the plural different spectral components, a second spectral component corresponding to a predetermined frequency band close to a frequency that causes no chromatic aberration of the lens, and a third spectral component expressed in terms of a linear sum of a value resulting from multiplying the first spectral component by a first weighting factor and a value resulting from multiplying the second spectral component by a second weighting factor.

Abstract: An image sensor that has a pixel array section in which pixels are arrayed in a two-dimensional manner in vertical and horizontal directions and that controls an exposure time of each pixel in a rolling shutter method is disclosed. The sensor includes control means for determining an electronic shutter occurrence number within one horizontal scanning period, which is the number of rows where electronic shutters are simultaneously performed in one horizontal scanning period, by an operation based on an address addition amount (P1, P2, P3, . . . , PN) when a vertical address movement amount of the pixel array section for every one horizontal scanning period in an exposure regulation shutter, which is an electronic shutter for regulating exposure, executed corresponding to electric charge reading in each pixel is expressed as repetition of the address addition amount (P1, P2, P3, . . . , PN).

Abstract: An analog signal chain for a CMOS active pixel sensor imaging system utilizes, for each amplification stage, a plurality of fixed gain amplifiers instead of a single multi-gain amplifier. The fixed gain amplifier corresponding to the desired gain level is selected and powered on and coupled to the input/output signal paths, while the non-selected fixed gain amplifier(s) are powered off and isolated from the input/output signal paths. Each fixed gain amplifier is operated at a gain bandwidth corresponding to the timing requirements of the imaging system and the gain of the amplifier. Thus, each fixed gain amplifier (other than the one corresponding to the maximum gain of a comparable multi-gain amplifier) operates at a lower level of power consumption than the comparable multi-gain amplifier.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a comparator including: a first input sampling capacitance; a second input sampling capacitance; an output node; a transconductance (Gm) amplifier as a differential comparator section configured to receive a slope signal, a signal level of the slope signal changing with a slope, at one input terminal of the Gm amplifier via the first input sampling capacitance, and receive an input signal at another input terminal of the Gm amplifier via the second input sampling capacitance, and subject the slope signal and the input signal to comparing operation; and an isolator configured to hold a voltage of an output section of the Gm amplifier constant, the isolator being disposed between the output section of the Gm amplifier and the output node.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a pixel array unit having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix form which perform a photoelectric conversion, a pixel signal readout unit having a logic unit and performing a readout of a pixel signal from the pixel array unit, a regulator, a first chip, a second chip, and a stacked structure in which both the first chip and the second chip are bonded, wherein the first chip has the pixel array unit disposed therein, and wherein the second chip has at least the logic unit and the regulator disposed therein, wherein the regulator includes a reference voltage generation, a plurality of output stage transistors, and an operational amplifier comparing the reference voltage and a commonized output voltage, and an output path of the output stage transistors are connected to a single node, and then is fed back to the operational amplifier.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes pixels each having a photoelectric conversion element for converting incident light to an electric signal, color filters associated with the pixels and having a plurality of color filter components, microlenses converging the incident light through the color filters to the photoelectric conversion elements, a light shielding film disposed between the color filter components of the color filters, and a nonplanarized adhesive film provided between the color filters and the light shielding film.

Abstract: A solid-state image pickup device includes pixels diagonally arranged, each including a photoelectric conversion unit and a plurality of transistors and wiring extending in the vertical and horizontal directions which is diagonally arranged around the photoelectric conversion unit in each of the pixels so that at least one portion of the wiring is arranged along at least one side of the photoelectric conversion unit.

Abstract: A solid-state image pickup device 1 includes a light receiving section 10, a first row selecting section 20, a second row selecting section 30, a first readout section 40, a second readout section 50, and a control section 60. Data of pixel units of rows in the light receiving section 10 selected by the first row selecting section 20 are output by the first readout section 40 to obtain image pickup data, and further, data of the pixel units of rows in the light receiving section 10 selected by the second row selecting section 30 are output by the second readout section 50 to obtain communication data.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an operation device which has a pushbutton function and a touch switch function, and which offers excellent ease of operation. A hole is provided in a transparent substrate (12) of a touch screen provided on a rear surface of an image capturing device, and a pushbutton (16) serving as a shutter release button is provided. Transparent electrodes (14) are formed around the pushbutton (16) to form a touch switch, and an electrode (20) is formed below the pushbutton (16) to form a pushbutton switch. Metering is performed when the touch switch is turned ON in response to a touch operation of the pushbutton (16), and an image is captured when the pushbutton switch is turned ON in response to a push-down operation of the pushbutton (16).

Abstract: A device is proposed comprising a display screen for displaying digital information and/or images in a first mode of operation of the device, an image sensor having a set of photosensitive cells for capturing at least one digital image in a second mode of operation, and a control unit for controlling at least one display parameter of the screen in the first mode of operation. The control unit is configured to adjust the parameter on the basis of information representative of the brightness of ambient light obtained from at least a subset of the set of photosensitive cells of the image sensor.

Abstract: A condition change unit of the present invention changes operating conditions of a device. The condition change unit comprises a display section for displaying images, a touch panel provided on the display section, a detection section for detecting input operations to the touch panel, a change condition setting section for setting types of change conditions, based on form of the input operations detected by the detection section, an operation guide image display section for displaying guidance images, for setting specific parameters of the change conditions, on the display section, in accordance with the type of change condition that has been set, and a parameter change section for changing parameters of the change condition based on an input operation to a screen on which the operation guidance operation images are displayed that has been detected by the detection section.

Abstract: The solid-state image sensor of the present invention includes an array of photosensitive cells, an array 100 of dispersing elements, and an array 300 of color filters. The photosensitive cell array 200 has a number of unit blocks 40, each of which includes photosensitive cells 2a and 2b. The dispersing element array 100 includes a dispersing element 1a, which makes all of incoming light (W) but a light ray falling within a first wavelength range incident on the first photosensitive cell 2a and which also makes at least a part of the light ray falling within the first wavelength range incident on the second photosensitive cell 2b. A color filter 3a that either absorbs or reflects the light ray falling within the first wavelength range is arranged between the photosensitive cell 2a and the dispersing element 1a.

Abstract: An auto-focus method includes steps of receiving a first image from an image capturing unit, wherein the first image conforms to a first resolution of the image capturing unit; setting a focus frame in the first image; converting the first image into a second image, wherein the second image conforms to a second resolution of a display unit and the second resolution is smaller than the first resolution; and displaying the second image and the first image within the focus frame in the display unit.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes an imaging lens forming an optical image of a subject, an image pickup device outputting an image signal according to the optical image of the subject, a display device displaying a subject image according to the image signal, an image processor converting the image signal to data in an image data format to be displayed on the display device, and a storage device storing a plurality of pieces of positional information respectively specifying a plurality of enlargement areas to be enlarged in the subject image. The image processor has an enlarged image generation device generating an enlarged image of each of the plurality of enlargement areas based on the positional information stored in the storage device, and an enlargement display device displaying the plurality of enlarged images on the display device.

Abstract: Pixel values of focus detection pixels are suitably corrected according to reducing occurrence of a residual error of correction. A digital camera ii includes a CCD, an AF detection circuit, a specific pixel correction unit and the like. The CCD has standard pixels and phase difference pixels arranged in a predetermined pattern on an imaging surface, and outputs an image signal of one frame. The AF detection circuit evaluates an in-focus state by referring to a pixel value of the phase difference pixels from the image signal. The specific pixel correction unit determines a first correction value by multiplying the pixel value of the phase difference pixels by a predetermined gain, and compares the first correction value with the pixel value of the standard pixels around the phase difference pixels.

Abstract: An image sensing apparatus including: an image sensor including a plurality of focus detection pixel pairs that perform photoelectric conversion on each pair of light beams that have passed through different regions of a photographing lens and output an image signal pair; a flash memory that stores shift information on relative shift between an optical axis of the photographing lens and a central axis of the focus detection pixel pairs; a correction unit that corrects a signal level of the image signal pair based on the shift information and exit pupil information of the photographing lens so as to compensate for an unbalanced amount of light that enters each of the focus detection pixel pairs; and a focus detection unit that detects a focus of the photographing lens using the image signal pair corrected by the correction unit.

Abstract: An interchangeable lens mountable to a camera body, includes a focus lens operable to adjust a focus state of a subject, a driver operable to drive the focus lens by repeatedly performing slight advancing and retreating of the focus lens along an optical axis, a lens-side obtaining unit operable to obtain a control signal for driving the driver from the camera body, and a lens-side transmission unit operable to transmit, to the camera body, information about a direction of slight advancing and retreating operations of the focus lens.

Abstract: A camera driving apparatus according to the present invention includes: a camera portion having an imaging plane; a movable unit incorporating the camera portion, including an attracting magnet, and having an outer shape formed as a convex partial spherical surface; a fixing unit which includes a magnetic body and a concave portion to which the movable unit is loosely fitted, and in which a magnetic attraction force of the attracting magnet with respect to the magnetic body causes the convex partial spherical surface of the movable unit and the concave portion to be held in point contact or linear contact with each other, thereby enabling the movable unit to freely rotate about a spherical center of the first convex partial spherical surface; a panning drive portion; a tilting drive portion; a rolling drive portion; and a detector for detecting a tilt angle of the camera portion in a panning direction with respect to the fixing unit, a tilt angle of the camera portion in a tilting direction with respect to th

Abstract: A multimedia content conversion apparatus and method, and a multimedia content distribution system are provided. The apparatus includes a storage unit storing original data received from a multimedia content provider, an authentication unit determining whether a viewer is authorized with respect to the original data stored in the storage unit, a decryptor decrypting the original data if it is determined by the authentication unit that the viewer is authorized, and a data combiner combining the original data and the data decrypted by the decryptor. Accordingly, even if several TVs are installed in a home, a viewer can view desired multimedia content through all of the TVs with only one content conversion apparatus. Even when the viewer watches a TV in which the content conversion apparatus is not included, the viewer can view desired multimedia content by changing a channel of a TV which includes the content conversion apparatus.

Abstract: A method of controlling reproduction for a stream containing video data and/or audio data is disclosed. A mute process is performed for a decoded output of the stream. A first decode process is performed to decode a partial region of the stream from a beginning thereof and obtain attribute information from the stream. Parameters with which the stream is reproduced are set on a basis of the attribute information. The mute process is stopped after the parameters have been set. A second decode process is performed to decode the stream from the beginning thereof.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an information processing apparatus includes a display, a connector which outputs a video signal, a display driver which controls output of a video signal to the display and connector, a monitoring unit which monitors whether a partner switches an input from a video signal output from the connector to another video signal, the partner being connected to the connector, and an output switching unit which instructs the display driver to switch the output destination of the video signal from the connector to the display when the monitoring unit detects that the input of the partner is switched to the other video signal.

Abstract: A method and a device for preparing a media stream containing more than one component stream for picture-in-picture applications are described along with the corresponding method and device for rendering the media stream in a picture-in-picture mode. The invention allows for live and dynamic picture-in-picture rendering of the component streams contained in the media stream. Extensions to the media formats that shall support various multimedia applications, such as the MPEG-2 Transport Stream and ISO media format, are proposed to enable such a dynamic picture-in-picture functionality.

Abstract: A video display device, a video output device, and a video system are provided, each of which has a user-interface having high usability in menu operation so that false operation may be prevented, and a menu-screen-display control method is provided. The menu-screen-display control method includes: determination process of determining which device, of a video display device and one or more video output devices connected to the video display device, is an object of operation through a menu screen displayed on the video display device; and prohibition process of setting a non-object device into a menu-operation-prohibited mode, the non-object device being a device other than an operation object device which is determined to be the object of operation through the menu screen under display.

Abstract: Multi-window display operations may be optimized in an electronic device. The electronic device comprises a screen that may be operable to provide a multi-window display by enabling configuring of a plurality of display regions, where video content corresponding to one or more of the plurality of applications is displayed in each of the plurality of display regions. Optimizing multi-window display operations may comprise monitoring updates of video content for each of the plurality of display regions of the screen, and generating a frame comprising video content for all of the plurality of display regions when one or both of the following occurs: all pending video content updates are completed and a frame generation deadline is reached.

Abstract: A system includes a data storage configured to store a model human visual system, an input module configured to receive an original picture in a video sequence and to receive a reference picture, and a processor. The processor is configured to create a pixel map of the original picture using the model human visual system. A first layer is determined from the pixel map. A weighting map is determined from a motion compensated difference between the original picture and the reference picture. A processed picture is then determined from the original picture using the weighting map and the first layer.

Abstract: An image display device such as LCD television comprises: LUTs (look-up tables) which are tables of correction data for correcting color balance of a displayed image; gain adjustment units for providing gain to input signal values representing brightness levels of red, green and blue colors in image data of the displayed image; and a microcomputer for recalculating the correction data in the LUTs and updating the correction data to the recalculated ones. The microcomputer determines, as adjustment gain values, gain values which are provided to the input signal values by the gain adjustment units and which bring color balance of a white balance adjustment image to a predetermined color balance, and recalculates the correction data in the LUTs based on the correction data and the adjustment gain values. This image display device can increase accuracy of white balance adjustment and reduce time required for the white balance adjustment.

Abstract: A demodulator comprises a reference voltage generating circuit for generating a reference voltage, a reference resistor for converting the reference voltage to a reference current, a current digital-to-analog converter (IDAC) for receiving a digital code and generating an output signal, a comparison apparatus for comparing the reference voltage with the output signal to generate a comparison output, and a calibration apparatus for updating the digital code according to the comparison output to calibrate the IDAC.

Abstract: A method for assisting users with channel entry utilizes channel tuning history to simplify the channel entry process. According to an exemplary embodiment, the method includes steps of storing a list of channel numbers previously tuned by the apparatus; receiving a first input selecting a most significant digit of a channel number; and enabling a display of channel numbers in response to the first input, wherein the displayed channel numbers comprise at least one channel number included in the stored list and having the most significant digit and at least one other channel number not included in the stored list and having the most significant digit.