Abstract: A building system (38) is disclosed in the form of a standing seam panel assembly (80) and one or more mounting devices (40). The mounting device (40) includes a slot (52) for receiving at least an upper section of a hollow seam rib (86) of the panel assembly (80). At least one opposing pair of seam fasteners (74) engage opposing sides of the seam rib (86). These seam fasteners (74) may be activated to significantly reduce the size of an open space that initially exists between opposing, spaced internal surfaces (92a, 92b) of the seam rib (86).

Abstract: A mounting rail for mounting a cladding panel in a lapped formation on a wall includes an elongate body shaped in cross section having a vertical upstanding rear flange mountable to a wall, a downwardly extending front flange and a sloping web portion extending from the rear to the front flange. The web portion also includes a downwardly extending channel portion receiving at least an upper portion of a lower panel. The front flange portion forms an upward facing channel portion slidably receiving a lower portion of an upper panel. The mounting rail includes sealing and drainage elements so the cladding panels can be lapped and supported at the position of the mounting rail and the panels are mounted without direct fastenings to a wall. Also disclosed is a mounting rail assembly for a flush mounted cladding panel for a building wall, for forming a drained and ventilated cladding system.

Abstract: Floor panels which are provided with a mechanical locking system including a displaceable tongue in a displacement groove. The tongue is molded and provided with bendable protrusions.

Abstract: A wind power plant tower segment is provided. The tower segment is designed as a jacket segment and comprises a reinforced concrete body, comprising two faces for attaching to faces of at least one further tower segment. In the region of each face, at least one connecting body is introduced in the reinforced concrete body and anchored therein for connecting to a connecting body of an adjoining tower segment. The connecting body comprises a fastening wall that is disposed substantially parallel to the respective face for absorbing a tensile load that is directed transversely to the face and transversely to the fastening wall. A wind power installation pylon having a plurality of such pylon segments, a wind power installation having a corresponding pylon, and a process for the production of a plurality of pylon segments is also provided.

Abstract: A support member for supporting a reinforcement material in a composite structure comprises a base member and first and second vertical leg members on opposing sides of the base member. The first and second vertical leg members have a first height relative to the base member. The first and second vertical leg members each have an opening configured to receive at least one strand of the at least one layer of reinforcement material. Third and fourth vertical leg members are on opposing sides of the base member and have a second height relative to the base member different from the first height of the first and second vertical leg members. The third and fourth vertical leg members each have an opening configured to receive at least one strand of the at least one layer of reinforcement material.

Abstract: An anchoring assembly for anchoring a liner of a cured lining material applied in liquid form to metal objects, comprising a fixing device welded or soldered to a metal object, the fixing device comprising a weld element and a fixing element provided with a through hole, and an anchoring element configured to be passed through the through hole of the fixing device, wherein the weld element comprises a weld or solder stud.

Abstract: A method of effecting a stabilization and effecting a lifting of a portion of a footing of a building which includes the steps of effecting an introduction of water resistant plastics into soil and openings in the soil in the vicinity of the footing to seal these areas, then introducing a slow setting plastics catalysed monomer to beneath the footing at a very high pressure.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for lining one or more surfaces of concrete structures during fabrication thereof. A structure-lining apparatus comprises a plurality of structure-lining panels and a plurality of concrete-anchoring components. The panels, which may extend in longitudinal and transverse directions, are interconnected to one another in edge-to-edge relationship at their transverse edges to line at least a portion of the interior of the structural form. The concrete-anchoring components extend in an inward/outward direction from the panels. The concrete-anchoring components may: be integrally formed with the panels; connect to the panels via suitably configured connector components; and/or connect edge-adjacent panels to one another. The concrete-anchoring components may comprise concrete-anchoring features which may extend in the longitudinal and transverse directions (e.g. in a plane parallel to the panels) to provide concrete-anchoring surfaces.

Abstract: Presented are methods of assembling and disassembling a modular unit so that the modular unit. The modular unit includes at least a concrete column with an embedded steel receptacle and an access port, and a concrete joist/slab with an embedded steel receptacle and an access port. The methods include inserting a first end of the rigid member into the steel receptacle of the joist/slab and a second end of the rigid member into the steel receptacle of the column to form the modular unit. The first and second ends of the rigid member are releasably coupled to the steel receptacles of the joist/slab and column, respectively. The first and second ends of the rigid member are then decoupled from the steel receptacles of the joist/slab and column, respectively. The joist/slab, column, and rigid member are separated so that at least joist/slab and column can be reused and/or recycled.

Abstract: An arbitrary structural insulated panel and an adjoining structural insulated panel, which include magnesium oxide boards as the exterior panels, can be connected together by a first spline and a second spline. The arbitrary structural insulated panel is first connected to a building floor foundation. Then the first spline and the second spline are adhered into the arbitrary structural insulated panel. The adjoining structural insulated panel is then secured to the arbitrary structural insulated panel as the first spline and the second spline engage with the adjoining structural insulated panel. A plurality of fasteners is used as the final step to further secure the arbitrary structural insulated panel and the adjoining structural insulated panel.

Abstract: A take-up fastener is disclosed for fastening a level in a frame construction to the level below so as to resist upward forces generated by wind and other sources on the framed construction. The take-up fastener in general includes a take-up plate, or washer, fastened to a portion of the upper level and a take-up screw fit through the take-up plate and fastened to the adjacent level below. Once the take-up fastener is fully assembled, the take-up plate includes a pair of tabs which are capable of engaging threads on a take-up screw in a way that allows one-way motion of the take-up screw relative to the take-up plate. In particular, the take-up plate can move downward relative to the take-up screw, for example on constricting of the wooden members to which the take-up plate is affixed. However, the engagement between the take-up plate and take-up screw prevents movement of the take-up plate upward with respect to the take-up screw, for example upon an upward load due to wind or other external force.

Abstract: A method for packaging a beverage comprising particulates in a liquid, the method comprising dispensing a first portion of the beverage from a first source into containers, wherein the first portion of the beverage comprises at least a majority of the particulates and a first portion of the liquid, dispensing from a counterpressure filler a second portion of the beverage from a second source into the containers, wherein the second portion of the beverage comprises a second portion of the liquid, and sealing the containers to form packaged beverages. An apparatus for packaging a beverage comprising particulates in a liquid. A method for packaging, in sequence, a first beverage comprising particulates in a liquid and a second beverage comprising a carbonated beverage. A method for packaging a beverage comprising a dairy component and a liquid.

Abstract: A film laminate wound up to form a film roll, from which bags with an integrated handle are produced in a VFFS form-fill and seal bag machine. The film laminate is produced by coating a film web of an outer film with a lamination adhesive and applying a material web of a sealable film to the adhesive layer. The material web is pressed together with the film web and adhesive layer in a lamination gap between a lamination roller and a pressing roller. A reinforcement strip passed to the lamination gap contacts the adhesive layer, between the film web and the sealable film. The circumference surface of the pressing roller has a depression that is coordinated with the film thickness and the film width of the reinforcement strip, so that a uniform pressing pressure prevails in the lamination gap, over the entire width of the laminate.

Abstract: A storage method of storing a package with its contents under irradiation of light. At least part of the package is made of polyamide (A) which is obtained by polycondensation of a diamine component comprising 70 mol % or more of m-xylylenediamine and a dicarboxylic acid component comprising 70 mol % or more of ?,?-linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 20 carbon atoms. The oxygen transmission of the package including polyamide (A) is reduced by irradiation of light, to prevent the spoilage of the contents.

Abstract: Provided is a method for forming a bag around an article, the method comprising: providing an oriented film; cauterizing the film at a temperature sufficient to de-orient a portion of the film to create a cauterized area on the continuous film; placing an article(s) on the film between adjacent cauterized areas; heat-sealing the film around the article(s) such that at least a portion of the film between the heat-sealed area and the article comprises the cauterized area. Also, provided is a form, fill, and seal apparatus comprising a heat sealer and a cauterizer, both having a temperature control, the heat sealer positioned to allow the heat sealer to form a seal between two edges of film having an article wrapped therein, and the cauterizer positioned to cauterize an area of the sealed film in an area adjacent to the sealed edges and the article.

Abstract: A film supplying apparatus includes: an upstream belt conveying unit and a downstream belt conveying unit that sequentially convey a label formed by cutting a label-forming base material, to a label delivery position; a label detection sensor that detects the label at an upper position of the downstream belt conveying unit; an encoder attached to a take-up spindle of a label delivery apparatus; and a control unit that calculates the amount of shift in the label on the basis of a label detection signal from the label detection sensor and a pulse signal from the encoder, and controls the operation of the downstream belt conveying unit conveying the label, so as to convey the label and stop the label at the label delivery position, while modifying the amount of shift.

Abstract: A sealing device for producing sealed packages from a tube of packaging material fed along a path and filled with a pourable food product, comprising: a frame; a pair of jaws movable cyclically with respect to the frame and along part of the path to grip the tube; ultrasonic sealing means carried by a first jaw to seal the tube; and power means including a primary winding fixed to the frame and connectable to an electric energy source, and a secondary winding carried by the first jaw, supplying the sealing means, and receiving electric energy by electromagnetic induction from the primary winding as the first jaw travels past the primary winding; and the device having transformer means supplied by the electric energy source with a first voltage value, and supplying the primary winding with a second voltage value lower than the first voltage value.

Abstract: A cotton accumulator system for a cotton harvester. The cotton accumulator system includes a cotton storage structure having an upper inlet and a lower outlet. A paddle shaft is coupleable to the cotton storage structure and configured to rotate about an axis. A plurality of paddles is coupleable to the paddle shaft. The plurality of paddles is configured to rotate with the paddle shaft to disperse cotton substantially evenly in the cotton storage structure.

Abstract: A bi-directional drive system for turf grooming and brushing operations includes a first gear rotatably connected to a reel deck assembly. A reel shaft gear is connected to a reel shaft and rotated in a first axial rotation direction. Second and third gears are rotatably connected to the reel deck assembly. A double sided cogged belt is engaged to the reel shaft gear. An attachment member defining a turf component is rotated in the first axial rotational direction by rotation of the reel shaft gear connected to the first gear by the double sided cogged belt without rotation of the second and third gears. The turf component as a turf groomer is rotated in a second axial rotational direction opposite to the first axial rotational direction by rotation of the reel shaft gear connected to the first, second and third gears by the double sided cogged belt.

Abstract: A front baffle assembly (1) for a lawn mower (30) is provided. The front baffle assembly (1) is adapted for attachment to a lawn mower chassis (2), and comprises a stopper (5a, 5b) configured to abut against an upper side of the chassis (2) and a front baffle (4) configured to abut against a lower side of the chassis (2). The front baffle assembly (1) comprises a catch element (6a, 6b) which protrudes downwardly from the stopper (5a, 5b) and is arranged to extend through the chassis (2) and beyond a lower side of the front baffle (4). The front baffle assembly (1) comprises a front axle (7) arranged to be received between the catch element (6a, 6b) and the lower side of the front baffle (4) to clamp the chassis (2) between the stopper (5a, 5b) and the front baffle (4).

Abstract: An elongate rotatable drum for use in a windrow turning apparatus is provided. The drum has paddles adapted to engage with material in a windrow. The paddles form at least one pair of opposed rows, each row being made up of a plurality of paddles defining a helical path along the drum, the helical path of the paddles the opposed paired rows promote movement of the material to a common focal area. Also provided is a composting machine incorporating the drum.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a composite yarn of paper, e.g., traditional Korean paper, and a composite yarn manufactured thereby, a method for manufacturing a fabric using the same and an automotive interior material manufactured thereby. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite yarn of traditional Korean paper by using a traditional Korean paper yarn and a synthetic yarn, in which the composite yarn can be used in weaving and knitting, and a method for manufacturing a fabric as an automotive interior material using the same. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a composite yarn of paper, comprising twisting a tape-type paper yarn, and covering the twisted paper yarn as a ground yarn at least two strands of synthetic yarn as an effect yarn to manufacture a composite yarn of paper of 160˜700 denier.

Abstract: A device for transmitting a force, in particular for carrying a load, including two curved arch segments which lie opposite each other and which are connected to each other by two straight limbs that are equally long is provided. The curved arch segments and the straight limbs are produced continuously from one material at the transition points of the arch segments and limbs. A force application and exertion occurs via two bolt-like structural elements which have an outer contour that is adapted to the corresponding curved arch segments and which are to be arranged within the two arch segments in order to transmit the force. The transition of the curvature at the transition points from the limbs to the arch segments and along the respective arch segments is constant.

Abstract: An exemplary apparatus for supplying lubricant to a gear assembly in a gas turbine engine includes a valve having a valve inlet configured to be coupled to a source of lubricant. A valve outlet is configured to direct lubricant to the gear assembly. The valve is selectively controllable into a plurality of settings for varying an amount of lubricant flowing from the valve inlet to the valve outlet. A bypass is associated with the valve. The bypass has an inlet configured to receive lubricant from the source and an outlet configured to direct lubricant to the gear assembly. The bypass permits at least a selected amount of lubricant to flow to the gear assembly independent of a setting of the valve.

Abstract: A system for de-icing a gas turbine engine is provided. A manifold is coupled to an inlet screen. A first conduit is coupled to a stage of the compressor and a first input of a mixing component. A second conduit is coupled to the exhaust and a second input of the mixing component. The second conduit being adapted to extract exhaust gases without increasing the pressure at the exhaust. A third conduit is coupled to the output of the mixing component and the manifold. A method for de-icing a gas turbine engine inlet screen includes determining a current temperature at the inlet screen, and determining a desired temperature at the inlet screen. If the current temperature at the inlet screen is less than the desired temperature at the inlet screen first flow rate of an air-exhaust mixture necessary to achieve the desired inlet screen temperature is calculated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flashback protector (1) for limiting the propagation of a flame towards a fuel supply. The flashback protector comprises a downstream side (34) and an upstream side (32) defining a flow path between them. A magnetic-field generator (10, 20) is arranged to generate a magnetic field (40) across the flow path such that when a flashback occurs fluid flows in the flow path towards the fuel supply through the magnetic field (40). This causes a flow of current (50) to be induced in the fluid. This results in a force being generated on the fluid away from the fuel supply, preventing the flashback from reaching the fuel supply and causing an explosion.

Abstract: A low calorific value fuel-fired can combustor for a gas turbine include a generally cylindrical housing, and a generally cylindrical liner disposed coaxially within the housing to define with the housing a radial outer flow passage for combustion air, the liner also defining inner combustion and a dilution zone, the dilution zone being axially distant a closed housing end relative to the combustion zone. A nozzle assembly disposed at the closed housing end includes an air blast nozzle and surrounding swirl vanes. An impingement cooling sleeve coaxially disposed in the combustion air passage between the housing and the liner impingement cools the portion of the liner defining the combustion zone. The combustion liner has an L/D ratio of in the range 1?L/D?4, and a ratio of the combustion zone volume (m3) to heat energy flow rate Q (MJ/sec) in the range 0.0026?V/Q?0.018.

Abstract: A nozzle for use in a gas turbine engine includes nozzle doors coupled with a fan nacelle wherein the nozzle doors move in unison between a plurality of positions to influence a bypass airflow through a fan bypass passage. A linkage connects the nozzle doors and an actuator. A louver section coupled with the linkage moves in unison with the nozzle doors between a plurality of louver positions to direct a portion of the bypass airflow in a selected direction.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine is provided having an offtake passage that in one form is capable of extracting a bypass flow from the engine. The airflow traversing the offtake passage is introduced to an exhaust flow of the gas turbine engine through an offtake outlet. The offtake outlet includes an airflow member that is moveable. A nozzle is also provided for exhaust from the gas turbine engine. In one form the nozzle includes moveable duct members. Flows exiting the offtake outlet and the nozzle can be combined after passing the airflow member and the moveable duct members, respectively.

Abstract: An aircraft wing turbine engine is designed to increase the ground clearance for larger modernized engines mounted under the wings of an airfoil. To this end, the aircraft wing turbine engine includes a hot flow generator with a turbine engine rotating about a first central axis, a cold flow blower rotating about a second central axis, and a pod surrounding the hot flow generator and cold flow blower. The first and second central axes are offset and non-collinear with each other such that the cold flow blower can be moved farther away from the ground to increase the ground clearance of the turbine engine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a boundary layer ejector fluidically connecting boundary layer bleed slots from an external surface of an aircraft to reduce aircraft/nacelle/pylon drag, reduce jet noise and decrease thrust specific fuel consumption. A boundary layer withdrawn through the boundary layer bleed slots is entrained with an exhaust flow of a gas turbine engine. In another embodiment a boundary layer withdrawn through the boundary layer bleed slots is entrained with a flow stream internal to the gas turbine engine, such as a fan stream of a turbofan. A moveable shroud can be used to open and close a passage of an ejector which can be used to assist in withdrawing a boundary layer or entrain an ambient air. A lobed mixer can be used in some embodiments to effect mixing between the boundary layer and a primary fluid of the ejector.

Abstract: A turbofan engine has an engine case and a gaspath through the engine case. A fan has a circumferential array of fan blades. The engine further has a compressor, a combustor, a gas generating turbine, and a low pressure turbine section. A speed reduction mechanism couples the low pressure turbine section to the fan. A bypass area ratio is greater than about 6.0. The low pressure turbine section airfoil count to bypass area ratio is below about 170.

Abstract: A variable bypass ratio augmented gas turbine engine system for a UAV with a high pressure ratio gas turbine engine used for low power operation such as loiter speed and a low pressure ratio gas turbine engine used for high power operation. A power turbine receives hot gas flows from the two engines to drive an output shaft. At low power operation, only the high pressure ratio engine is operated. At high power operation, both engines are operated where the exhaust from the high pressure ratio engine is mixed with bleed off air form the second compressor to produce a second hot gas flow in a second combustor to drive the second turbine. The remaining compressed air from the second compressor is passed into a third combustor to produce a third hot gas flow that then flows into the power turbine.

Abstract: A vehicle includes an engine, an exhaust system, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device, a first and a second NOx sensor configured to respectively measure an upstream and a downstream NOx level, and a controller or host machine. The controller, via the present method, calculates a NOx conversion efficiency rate of the SCR device using the NOx levels from the sensors. At the end of a key cycle when an accumulated amount of upstream NOx is less than a calibrated upstream NOx level, the controller determines if the NOx conversion efficiency rate is presently passing or failing. The accumulated upstream NOx is recorded in memory for use in calculating the NOx conversion efficiency rate during a subsequent key cycle only when the NOx conversion efficiency rate is presently passing at the end of the key cycle. A control system for the vehicle uses the controller and sensors as noted above.

Abstract: It is determined quickly whether there is a shortage in reducing agent supplied to an NOx selective reduction catalyst. After it is determined that a quantity of reducing agent equal to or larger than a predetermined quantity is absorbed in the NOx selective reduction catalyst on the assumption that there is no abnormality in reducing agent supply unit, the supply of a quantity of reducing agent needed to reduce a quantity of NOx flowing into the NOx selective reduction catalyst is started. A determination of an abnormality in the reducing agent supply unit is made based on the NOx removal rate after the lapse of a predetermined period of time since the start of the supply of reducing agent. The NOx removal rate becomes lower when there is an abnormality in the reducing agent supply unit.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method and system for pressurizing a reductant solution from a reductant storage device and superheating the pressurized reductant solution. The superheated pressurized reductant solution at least partially decomposes in the heat exchanger and/or a decomposition chamber before it is released into an exhaust system. The at least partially decomposed reductant solution is delivered to the exhaust system upstream of the SCR catalyst.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a diesel exhaust treatment device including a catalytic converter positioned upstream from a diesel particulate filter. An electric heater is positioned between the catalytic converter and the diesel particulate filter. A shore station can be used to provide power and combustion air to the diesel exhaust treatment device during regeneration of the diesel particulate filter.

Abstract: In a method for regenerating s catalyzed diesel particulate filter (DPF) via active NO2-based regeneration with enhanced effective NO2 supply, a NOx containing gas is introduced into the DPF, and a temperature of at least one of the DPF, the NOx containing gas, and soot in the DPF is controlled while control Sing NOx levels at an inlet of the DflF so that the NOx containing gas reacts with the catalyst to form N 02 molecules that thereafter react with soot particles to form CO, CO2, and NO molecules and a N02 efficiency is greater than 0.52 gC/gNO2 and so that less than two thirds of the soot mass that is removed from the DPF is oxidized by 02 molecules in the gas to form CO and CO2 molecules.

Abstract: Various systems and method are described for controlling an engine having an exhaust system which includes a particulate filter. One example method comprises, after shutting down the engine and spinning down the engine to rest, operating a vacuum pump to draw fresh air through the exhaust system to an intake system, and regenerating at least a portion of the particulate filter during the engine rest.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification device arranged in an exhaust system of an engine, and includes a renewing device for burning and removing a particulate matter within the exhaust gas purification device. The renewing device is operable in the case that a clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device is equal to or more than a prescribed level, wherein the exhaust gas purification system includes renewal admittance input means which allows an actuation of the renewing device, and rotating speed holding input means for holding a rotating speed of the engine to a predetermined rotating speed, and in the case that a turn-on operation of the rotating speed holding input means is carried out in a state in which an allowing operation of the renewal admittance input means is carried out, the rotating speed holding motion of the engine is executed in preference to an actuation of the renewing device.

Abstract: A diesel engine exhaust treatment system and method is provided which utilizes a diesel particulate filter positioned in the exhaust gas stream of a vehicle which includes an SCR catalyst, an ammonia oxidation catalyst, and/or a diesel oxidation catalyst. The system is capable of performing multiple functions including converting NOx to N2, converting HC and CO to H2O and CO2, trapping particulates, and minimizing ammonia emissions. The system is more compact and efficient than prior systems utilizing separate catalyst units, and minimizes backpressure while maximizing catalyst performance.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas aftertreatment system, having a catalytic converter and/or particle filter which are/is assigned a burner arranged upstream in an exhaust line, to which burner fuel can be supplied via a fuel nozzle device and also combustion air can be supplied, and wherein the combustion air and the fuel emerging from the fuel nozzle device are mixed in a downstream air swirl vaporizer nozzle. An exhaust-gas aftertreatment system having a burner which operates reliably with a compact design and in which the supplied energy for operating the burner is reduced in relation to known systems. The fuel nozzle device has a nozzle body which extends at least from an inlet to an outlet and which has arranged therein a support body, which nozzle body and support body together produce a film-forming fuel supply duct.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler disposed in proximity to a cylinder of a general-purpose engine is provided, in which an exhaust muffler for a general-purpose engine is formed from a muffler main body connected to a cylinder of a general-purpose engine via an exhaust pipe and disposed adjacent to the cylinder, a partition member that divides the interior of the muffler main body into a first muffler chamber communicating with the exhaust pipe and a second muffler chamber communicating with an exhaust outlet of the muffler main body, and an exhaust cooling pipe exposed outside the muffler main body while providing communication between the first muffler chamber and the second muffler chamber. This enables exhaust gas to be cooled effectively by passing though the exhaust cooling pipe when moving from the first muffler chamber to the second muffler chamber, thus enhancing muffling by reducing the pressure of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A compressed-air energy storage system according to embodiments of the present invention comprises a reversible mechanism to compress and expand air, one or more compressed air storage tanks, a control system, one or more heat exchangers, and, in certain embodiments of the invention, a motor-generator. The reversible air compressor-expander uses mechanical power to compress air (when it is acting as a compressor) and converts the energy stored in compressed air to mechanical power (when it is acting as an expander). In certain embodiments, the compressor-expander comprises one or more stages, each stage consisting of pressure vessel (the “pressure cell”) partially filled with water or other liquid. In some embodiments, the pressure vessel communicates with one or more cylinder devices to exchange air and liquid with the cylinder chamber(s) thereof. Suitable valving allows air to enter and leave the pressure cell and cylinder device, if present, under electronic control.

Abstract: The disclosure describes, in one aspect, a control system for charging an electro-hydraulic charging system. The control system including at least one sensor operatively coupled to an engine for sensing at least one engine parameter indicative of an operating status of the engine and a controller adapted to charge the charging system when the operating status of the engine is determined to be stable.

Abstract: A hydraulic fan circuit includes a primary pump, a motor fluidly connected to the primary pump, and a fan operably connected to and driven by the motor. The circuit also includes a supply passage extending from the primary pump to the motor, a return passage extending from the motor to the primary pump, and a pressure limiting valve configured to selectively reduce pressure of a flow of pilot fluid directed to the primary pump. The circuit further includes an override valve configured to selectively connect the supply passage to the pressure limiting valve.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system is disclosed. The hydraulic control system may have a hydraulic actuator, a valve arrangement, and an operator input device configured to generate a first signal indicative of a desired hydraulic actuator velocity. The hydraulic control system may also have a sensor configured to generate a second signal indicative of an actual flow rate of fluid entering the hydraulic actuator, and a controller. The controller may be configured to determine a desired flow rate of fluid into the hydraulic actuator based on the first signal; to estimate the actual flow rate based on the desired flow rate, a correction flow rate, and a system response model; and to determine the actual flow rate based on the second signal. The controller may also be configured to make a comparison of the estimated and determined actual flow rates of fluid, and to determine the correction flow rate based on the comparison.

Abstract: A heat engine includes a first rotatable pulley and a second rotatable pulley spaced from the first rotatable pulley. A shape memory alloy (SMA) element is disposed about respective portions of the pulleys at an SMA pulley ratio. The SMA element includes a first wire, a second wire, and a matrix joining the first wire and the second wire. The first wire and the second wire are in contact with the pulleys, but the matrix is not in contact with the pulleys. A timing cable is disposed about respective portions of the pulleys at a timing pulley ratio, which is different than the SMA pulley ratio. The SMA element converts a thermal energy gradient between the hot region and the cold region into mechanical energy.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas turbocharger has a turbine housing and a waste-gate valve of a ball-cock configuration which is arranged therein. The actuating crank of the waste-gate valve has a crank arm, to which the closing element is fastened, and a crank spindle which is connected integrally to the crank arm and is mounted in the turbine-housing wall. A stop shoulder for sealing the crank-spindle bearing and a flexural-stress relief pocket are provided in the transition region between the crank spindle and the crank arm, as a result of which the sealing action of the crank-spindle bearing and a more uniform distribution of flexural stresses in the transition region between the crank arm and the crank spindle are brought about and therefore an increased service life of the actuating crank is ensured with a simultaneously economical configuration.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas turbocharger is embodied with a bypass valve which is disposed in a bypass duct of a turbine between an exhaust-gas pressure line and an outlet cross section of the turbine of the exhaust-gas turbocharger and which is connected to an actuating device for controlling the throughput of exhaust-gas through the bypass duct. Through the bypass valve, a partial flow of the exhaust-gas can be guided past the turbine on demand. The bypass valve has a valve head and a valve stem. The bypass valve is axially movably held with the valve stem. The valve head, in a closed state of the bypass valve, can be placed against a valve seat in order to close the bypass duct in a gas-tight and pressure-tight manner. The side of the valve head that is connected to the valve stem faces the exhaust-gas pressure line.