Abstract: A magneto-elastic force sensor includes a sensor head (1) that has an emitting coil (9) which generates a magnetic field and at least one magnetic field sensor (11) for measuring a magnetic flux caused by the magnetic field of the emitting coil (9) in a measured object (13). The sensor head (1) also includes a recorder (14) for recording an electrical value that reflects the inductivity of the emitting coil (9) or that is clearly connected to the latter. The magneto-elastic force sensor allows for compensation of a distance dependency in the measurement signal by ascertaining the distance between the emitting coil (9) or the sensor head (1) and the measured object (13) based on the recorded electrical value and by compensating the distance dependency in the measurement signal based on the ascertained distance.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method for determining the dynamic viscoelastic properties of cells, more particularly to a method for rapidly determining the dynamic viscoelastic properties of healthy and unhealthy cells by determining the phase shift be the application of a modulating force to the cells and the cells' response to the modulating force.

Abstract: A method for detecting degradation of resin film detects whether a resin coated rope having a circumferential portion coated with resin film has the resin film degraded. The method for detecting degradation of resin film includes: winding a wire on a circumferential portion of the resin coated rope; applying tension to the wire to compress the resin film in a radial direction of the resin coated rope; and comparing a first relationship with a second relationship to determine how the resin film is degraded, the first relationship indicating a relationship between the tension of the wire and how much amount the resin film has compressed, as obtained in the applying, the second relationship indicating a relationship between the tension of the wire and how much amount the resin film has compressed, as predetermined as a reference.

Abstract: Fluid flow measurement sensor, method, and analysis are disclosed, which provide for the measurement and processing of array sensor data. Other embodiments provide for determination of flow rate from the array sensor data, and for diagnosis of a conduit wall anomaly based on anomaly shape.

Abstract: Flow sensors for measuring the flow of an ion-containing fluid may be implemented using mechanical or electrical techniques. Mechanical flow sensors are have moving parts and therefore may be unreliable after some time and are expensive to manufacture. Hall-effect type flow sensors typically require a reversible magnetic field to compensate for electrochemical effects. A flow meter including such a sensor uses an electromagnet. A flow sensor (100) is described using a capacitive sensor (10) and processor (12) to determine the flow rate from a change in capacitance and a magnetic field. Such a flow sensor may be implemented using CMOS technology. The flow sensor may operate in a magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet and measure the flow reliably.

Abstract: An ultrasonic flowmeter includes a plurality of ultrasonic wave elements attached to an outer wall of a pipeline through which a measurement target fluid flows, and configured to transmit and receive an ultrasonic signal, wherein at least one of the ultrasonic wave elements is an ultrasonic wave transmission element and is attached to the outer wall of the pipeline so that an ultrasonic wave transmission surface thereof is in parallel to a pipe axis direction of the pipeline, and another at least one of the ultrasonic wave elements is an ultrasonic wave reception element and is attached to the outer wall of the pipeline so that an ultrasonic wave reception surface thereof is in parallel to the pipe axis direction of the pipeline.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are provided for measuring and processing fuel meter measurements, such as rotary gas meter volume measurements, are generally disclosed herein. At least some aspects of the systems, devices, and methods can allow a fuel meter body to perform all processing regarding an amount of fuel dispensed from the fuel meter body and can allow the fuel meter body to provide results of the processing to an accessory configured to display data to a user. At least some aspects of the systems, devices, and methods can allow processing at the fuel meter body to be provided using one or more modules each configured to be removably and replaceably coupled to the fuel meter body.

Abstract: A first apparent property of a multi-phase process fluid is determined based on the motion of the vibratable flowtube. One or more apparent intermediate values associated with the multi-phase process fluid are determined based on the first apparent property. A measure of wetness of the multi-phase process fluid is determined based on a mapping between one or more of the apparent intermediate values and the measure of wetness. A second apparent property of the multi-phase process fluid is determined using the differential pressure flowmeter. One or more phase-specific properties of the multi-phase process fluid is determined based on the measure of wetness and the second apparent property.

Abstract: A force sensing kickboxing apparatus and methods of manufacture are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a body including an externally facing first side and an internally facing second side, an electronic device connected to the body and configured to provide information associated with the body, a sensor housing attached to a portion of the second side of the body forming a pocket between the sensor housing and the portion of the internally facing second side, and a sensor positioned within the pocket and communicatively coupled to the electronic device, the sensor configured to detect an object contacting a portion of the first side of the body in proximity to the sensor.

Abstract: A force detector includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a circuit board provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and an element mounted on the circuit board and outputting a signal in response to an external force, wherein a hole is formed in the circuit board at a location where the element is placed, and a first convex part inserted into the hole and protruding toward the element is provided on the first substrate. Further, the element is placed within a periphery of the first convex part as seen from a direction perpendicular to the first substrate.

Abstract: Waveguides and electromagnetic cavities fabricated in hyperuniform disordered materials with complete photonic bandgaps are provided. Devices comprising electromagnetic cavities fabricated in hyperuniform disordered materials with complete photonic bandgaps are provided. Devices comprising waveguides fabricated in hyperuniform disordered materials with complete photonic bandgaps are provided. The devices include electromagnetic splitters, filters, and sensors.

Abstract: The present inventions relate generally to methods, apparatus and systems for measuring snow stability and structure which may be used to assess avalanche risk. The disclosed apparatus includes a sensing unit configured to sense a resistance to penetration as the sensing unit is being driven into a layer of snow. The disclosed apparatus may also be configured to take other environmental measurements, including temperature, humidity, grain size, slope aspect and inclination. Methods and apparatus are also disclosed for generating a profile of snow layer hardness according to depth based on the sensed resistance to penetration and identifying areas of concern which may indicate an avalanche risk. Systems and apparatus are also disclosed for sharing the generated profiles among a plurality of users via a central server, and for evaluating an avalanche risk at a geographic location.

Abstract: A sensing edge for providing a signal to a controller indicating that a forward edge of a door is obstructed during operation. The sensing edge includes an elongate sheath, a first end plug and a first end flap. The elongate sheath has a first end and a second end. A first cavity is located at the first end. The elongate sheath is mounted to the forward edge. The first end plug includes an inner end, an outer end, first engaging structures extending from the inner end and a first vertical groove in the outer end. The engaging structures are positioned within the first cavity in an assembled configuration. The first end flap includes a relatively flat first body and a first flange structure. The first flange structure is positioned in the first vertical groove in the assembled configuration to secure the first end flap to the first end plug.

Abstract: This disclosure if directed to an improved pressure, force, and orientation sensing system, which may be applied to various industrial articles or sports equipment, fore remote performance analysis and user interface. Where applied to sports equipment, including a golf club, the sensor array of flexible and resilient piezo-resistive material permits collection of grip force data for an array of positions around and along the golf club grip handle; for the analysis, processing and communication of the data once collected, and a method of providing automated golf instruction using a force sensing golf grip of the present invention. Where applied to improved manufacturing lines and shipping of containers, force sensing packages may be equipped with the sensor arrays disclosed herein. The force sensing package is of similar shape to a standard sized package the ordinary forces on which are being tested and by the sampled force sensing package.

Abstract: A magnetically-induced SPME fiber actuation system includes a SPME fiber holder and a SPME fiber holder actuator, for holding and magnetically actuating a SPME fiber assembly. The SPME fiber holder has a plunger with a magnetic material to which the SPME fiber assembly is connected, and the magnetic SPME fiber holder actuator has an elongated barrel with a loading chamber for receiving the SPME fiber assembly-connected SPME fiber holder, and an external magnet which induces axial motion of the magnetic material of the plunger to extend/retract the SPME fiber from/into the protective needle of the SPME fiber assembly.

Abstract: A particulate material sample divider includes a separation cone extending downwardly and radially outwardly from a central apex to an annular bottom edge with separator baffles supported on an outer surface of the separation cone at circumferentially spaced apart positions so as to define alternate first and second channels extends downwardly and radially outwardly between respective adjacent pairs of the baffles. A hopper supported above the separation cone discharges the sample over the cone for separation into the first and second channels. Each second channel only communicates with a second collection area to an outer side of a divider wall between the bottom edge of the cone. Each first channel includes an aperture in the separation cone such that each first channel only communicates through the aperture to a first collection area at an inner side of the divider wall.

Abstract: The invention provides a sample container arrangement for collecting multiphase samples of gas and liquid, particularly oil in water samples that are representative with respect to oil concentration, oil droplet size and oil droplet size distribution, the sample container arrangement comprises a sample container with an upper end, a lower end and a container volume for sample collection, such as a standing cylinder, distinctive in that the container arrangement further comprises: one inlet connected to the upper end or part of the container volume, one outlet with a valve with bleeding function, connected to the upper end or part of the container volume, and one outlet connected to the lower end of the container volume.

Abstract: The present invention is a device (14) for sampling a solid from a sealed enclosure (12). The device comprises a body (18) carrying a sampling head (16) with a solid collection recess (28), a collected solid transfer recess (28?) and an angular-displacement shutter means (30) for the recesses controlled by the control means (48). The device also comprises means (78, 80) for limiting the angular clearance of the shutter means for no-load displacement (c) of the means.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sampler for sampling sediment suspended in fluid, the sampler including a container and a closure. The container includes an opening through which fluid can enter and be contained therein. The closure is associated with the opening of the container and includes a moveable part which on tipping or inversion of the sampler moves between an open and a closed position. In use in the open position the sample can enter the container through the opening and be contained therein, and in the closed position fluid in the container is substantially prevented from leaving the container. The invention also relates to variant forms of the invention and a method of use.

Abstract: Described is a device for solid phase extraction of a dried sample of a biological fluid. The device includes a support structure such as a plate or support block that has a first side to receive a dried sample card. The support structure also has a second side that is opposite the first side and a number of apertures that extend between the first and second sides. The device also includes a plurality of wells each containing a sample preparation material and having an inlet end that communicates with a respective aperture at the second side of the support structure. Each dried sample on the dried sample card is aligned with one of the apertures. Extraction samples in each well pass through the sample preparation material, such as a chromatographic sorbent, in the well to remove one or more constituents of the extraction sample.

Abstract: A method for testing a component part of an aircraft comprises the steps of determining at least one first test value of the component part of the aircraft and/or at least one first test value of a comparable component part of a further aircraft for at least one test parameter, inputting the first test parameter and the first test value into a pattern recognition system, which produces an inner correlation between the first test parameter and the first test value. The method further comprises the steps of defining at least one second test parameter, inputting the second test parameter into the pattern recognition system in order to determine a second test value by means of the inner correlation, checking whether the second test value falls within the predefined value range, and determining a third test value of the component part of the aircraft for the second test parameter if the second test value falls within the predefined value range.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for inspecting objects fed in a continuous flow, in particular packages or components, wherein an inspecting body is guided along an inspection segment together with an object and a response to an inspection of the object is detected by means of a sensor in order to determine if the object meets a quality criterion, in particular is tight or leaky or true to size or functional.

Abstract: An anti-rolling gyroscopic stabilizer for boats provides a stationary frame fixed to the hull, an oscillating frame and a flywheel. The angular velocity of oscillation of the oscillating frame is limited by hydraulic dampers. Elastic return elements are coupled to the dampers and urge the oscillating frame so as to orient the axis of rotation of the flywheel towards a given angular position in which the gyroscopic device acts with maximum efficiency.

Abstract: A device for pressing a first transmission element onto a second transmission element engaging in the first transmission element, in particular for a rack-and-pinion steering system of a motor vehicle, comprising a pressure piece that can be loaded in the direction of the first transmission element by at least one spring element and is displaceably guided in a housing, wherein the spring element is produced from at least one dilatant elastomer.

Abstract: A forward and reverse pedaling system for a bicycle with automatic gear change replacing the derailleur and clutch operating at a very low speed using an engagement wheel (16), all enclosed within a housing case filled with oil. The two wheels (11) and (13), which are themselves driven by rods (9) and (10), make a reciprocating to and fro motion of less than a half turn regardless of the direction of rotation of the drive wheel (1) and drive the wheel (12) followed by the driven wheel (2) via the low speed clutch between the wheels (15) and (16). This system can be applied to any mechanical assembly in which it is required, and is not limited to use in bicycles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spindle drive for an adjusting element of a vehicle comprising a drive motor with a spindle-spindle nut gear arranged downstream for producing a drive force along a geometric spindle axis, wherein two connectors for transferring the drive force are provided, wherein an internal housing connected to the one connector and an external housing connected to the other connector are provided, and wherein during the motorized adjustment, the internal housing runs in a telescopic manner. It is proposed that at least one of the two housings, is designed to be at least in two parts and is provided via a first axial housing portion of a first housing part made of a first material and via a second axial housing portion of a second housing part made of a second material.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aerostatic air bearing. The disclosed aerostatic air bearing includes: an aerostatic nut, said aerostatic nut including a housing having an air inlet disposed therein, a helical plenum chamber disposed in said housing, said helical plenum chamber being fluidly connected to the air inlet and fluidly interconnecting a plurality of openings, said openings being disposed in a helical pattern, and a plurality of porous media, each of said porous media being disposed in one of the plurality of openings respectively; and a lead screw coupled to said aerostatic nut, said lead screw including a threaded surface separated from each of the plurality of porous media.

Abstract: Disclosed is an assembly that may be used with a machine, such as, but not limited to, a screed. In example embodiments, the assembly may include a first member, a second member adjacent to the first member, and a first actuator configured to rotate the second member with respect to the first member and transfer a biasing force to the second member. In example embodiments, the assembly may further include a second actuator configured to translate each of the first and second members.

Abstract: A dual clutch transmission (DCT) with double-range change. In one embodiment, the dual clutch transmission includes odd and even lay shafts and a separate range change shaft for each, thereby providing a range change for both the odd and even gear sets. The input shaft may include an extension gear that can be selectively driven by the inner input shaft or the outer input shaft to provide additional gear pairings. The extension gear may include a synchronizer on each face to allow it to be coupled to either the outer or inner input shaft. The transmission may include a reverse shaft coupled with the even lay shaft. The transmission may include a dual half synchronizer having a single hub and a split sleeve. The parts of the split sleeve are separately movable to allow independent synchronization of two pairs of rotating components.

Abstract: A dual condiment grinder contains: a body, a transmitting mechanism, a covering assembly, and a grinding mechanism. The body includes a first chamber and a second chamber, the grinding mechanism includes a first transmission column and a second transmission column. The covering assembly includes an inner cover and an outer cover. The body includes a first retaining recess and a second retaining recess. The transmitting mechanism includes a holder, a pressing member, a rotary shaft, a main gear, a left gear, a right gear, a first transmission gear, and a second transmitting gear. The main gear does not mesh with the left gear and the right gear, the first transmission gear does not mesh with the second transmitting gear, and the first transmission gear and the second transmitting gear mesh with the main gear respectively, such that two different ingredients are ground in the first chamber and the second chamber.

Abstract: A control method is provided for an electric motor which drives an apparatus through a gear unit. The method includes generating a gear output and input speed signals, low pass filtering the gear speed signals and subtracting the filtered gear input speed signal from the filtered gear output speed signal to provide a relative speed signal. The method also includes high pass filtering the relative speed signal, multiplying the filtered relative speed signal by damping gain value to generate a backlash compensation torque value, and subtracting the backlash compensation torque value from an apparatus control torque value to generate the desired motor torque value.

Abstract: A half of a tooth right-angled cross-sectional shape in a tooth bottom side area of a tooth divided at a tooth bottom center as a boundary is defined by a first involute portion extending from the tooth bottom center P0 toward a tooth surface, an arcuate portion connected smoothly to an end portion of the first involute portion, a second involute portion connected smoothly to an end portion of the arcuate portion, a third involute portion connected smoothly to an end portion of the second involute portion, and a tooth surface connecting curved portion connecting an end portion of the third involute portion and the tooth surface smoothly.

Abstract: A transmission plate is provided for use on both a diesel transmission casting and a gasoline transmission casting. The plate includes a continuous perimeter edge without a perimeter oil flow notch to inhibit firm shifting of a torque converter connected to the transmission. The plate also has one or more pockets formed therein to reside above a wall of the transmission casting and thereby permit fluid flow over the wall without the need to drill a hole through the wall of the casting. The plate further includes a solid portion free from an oil flow hole so as to preclude fluid flow from a fluid cavity in the transmission casting and thereby preventing downshifting from second gear to first gear by the transmission.

Abstract: In a manual transmission mode, a downshift instruction signal is outputted by a position sensor, and a shift range is lowered by one gear, as a result of an operation of a shift lever by the driver. The driving force of the vehicle is increased through downshifting. The number of times of downshifting within a predefined time is limited to a predefined number of times.

Abstract: A transmission protection system for a motor vehicle that has a low range of ratios (gears 1, 2, 3 and 4) and a high range of ratios (gears 5, 6, 7 and 8). A selection of gear is made using a gear selection shaft connected with a gear change lever having a preselective switch. An electro-pneumatic valve is directly connected to and acts axially on the gear selection shaft to counteract accidental positioning of the gear selection shaft in a position of the gears 1-2 or in a position of the gears 5-6. An electronic transmission control unit is configured to control the electro-pneumatic valve by an electric signal depending on a difference between a vehicle speed Sv and a first assumed speed S1 for the low range of ratios or between the vehicle speed Sv and a second assumed speed S2 for the high range of ratios.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator includes a frequency controller that controls the frequency and power of the driving signal, wherein when the phase difference falls within a predetermined range, the control unit stores the value of the frequency of the driving signal as a first frequency memory value, sets a voltage to a upper limit voltage value, and performs control of adjusting the frequency of the driving signal so that the phase difference is maintained to be within a predetermined range, and when the frequency of the driving signal is changed from the first frequency memory value by an amount exceeding a first value determined in advance, the control unit stores the value of the frequency of the driving signal as a second frequency memory value and sets the voltage to a lower limit voltage value lower than the upper limit voltage value.

Abstract: A robot includes a first arm and a second arm. The first arm and the second arm have different mechanisms from each other.

Abstract: In one example, an arm assembly with an arm locking system is described that can include a base to position the arm on a support structure, an extension arm having first and second ends, the first end of the extension arm connected to the support structure or base at a first joint proximate the first end. The system can include a lift arm having third and fourth ends, the third end connected to the extension arm at a second joint proximate the third end, the fourth end being height adjustable relative to the base. The system can include a first lock engageable to selectively prevent movement about the first joint, a second lock engageable to selectively prevent movement about the second joint, and a third lock engageable to selectively prevent a height of the fourth end from being adjusted relative to the base or extension arm.

Abstract: A jointed limb comprising at least first (2) and second (4) rigid segments and a joint (6) providing rotation of the first and second segments with respect to each other about an axis of rotation (Y), said joint (6) comprising fibres, wherein each of the segments (2, 4) comprises a body (8.1, 8.2) and an end element (10.1, 10.2) provided at an end of said body, both end elements (10.1, 10.2) being held facing each other by said joint (6), said end elements (10.1, 10.2) comprising tapered profiles having vertices facing each other, each of said end elements (10.1, 10.2) being made prior to being secured it to the corresponding body (8.1, 8.2).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a robot, which is capable of communicating according to a gesture. The robot includes a plurality of link members, and an outer cover member surrounding the plurality of link members. The shape of the outer cover member is varied into a curved shape, when the outer cover member is adhered closely to the plurality of link members, according to the variation of the shapes of the plurality of link members.

Abstract: A pedal device for vehicles includes: a pedal arm provided in a pedal housing and connected to a pedal pad at a first end thereof, and rotated around a hinge shaft mounted to a second end of the pedal arm; a pressure member, a first end of which is held by the first end of the pedal arm, and a second end of which is placed between the hinge shaft and an inner surface of the pedal housing; and an elastic member provided between a middle portion of the pressure member and the inner surface of the pedal housing, and functioning to impose an elastic reaction force on the pressure member when a driver presses the pedal pad down. The elastic member brings the second end of the pressure member into frictional contact with the inner surface of the pedal housing.

Abstract: A vehicle pedal assembly comprising a pedal including a pedal stub arm having a metal pedal arm molded into a plastic stem with inserts molded therein and an actuator bar coupled to the stem of the pedal. Fasteners extend through the actuator bar and into the inserts in the stem for securing the actuator bar to the pedal. The actuator bar is adapted to exert an active force against the pedal. In one embodiment, both the pedal arm and the actuator bar include one or more bends defined therein. The pedal arm has a length and shape dependent upon the distance and position of the floor or pedal pad relative to the pedal. The actuator bar has a length and shape dependent upon the distance and position of the pedal relative to an actuator arm.

Abstract: A handlebar assembly including a pair of handgrip portions extending outwardly from a mounting portion and configured for generally vertical, arcuate movement relative to the mounting portion. One or more shock absorbing arrangements may be provided to produce a force tending to resist downward movement of the handgrip portions. Desirably, the handgrip portions are adjustable in height relative to the mounting portion.

Abstract: A method for securing handlebar tape to a bicycle handlebar is provided comprising wrapping a length of handlebar tape along a length of handlebar; positioning a length of a heat-shrinkable sleeve so that it overlaps the terminal end of the handlebar tape; and heating the sleeve so that it substantially uniformly contracts to secure the terminal end of the handlebar tape to the handlebar. A handlebar assembly for a bicycle is also provided comprising a handlebar; handlebar tape covering a selected length of the handlebar; and a heat shrinkable sleeve overlapping the terminal end of the handlebar tape to secure the end of the handlebar tape to the handlebar.

Abstract: A first spoke connects a first point of a boss and a first joining point of a rim. A second spoke connects a second point of the boss different from the first point of the boss and a second joining point of the rim opposite to the first joining point of the rim to the boss. Each of the first and second spokes is in a plate shape. The first spoke has a circular first hole in a portion of the first spoke located at a middle in a longitudinal direction of the first spoke and at a center in a widthwise direction of the first spoke. The second spoke has a circular second hole in a portion of the second spoke located at a middle in a longitudinal direction of the second spoke and at a center in a widthwise direction of the second spoke.

Abstract: A vehicle vibration reducing apparatus (1) includes: an inertial mass body (30); a first engagement device (41) that is switched between a state where a running power source (4) engages with a damper (6) of a power transmission device (5) so as to enable power transmission and a state where the engagement is released; a second engagement device (42) that is switched between a state where the power transmission device (5) engages with the inertial mass body (30) so as to enable power transmission in a power transmission pass different from that of the first engagement device (41) and a state where the engagement is released; and a third engagement device (43) that is switched between a state where the running power source (4) engages with the inertial mass body (30) so as to enable power transmission in a power transmission path different from those of the first engagement device (41) and the second engagement device (42) and a state where the engagement is released.

Abstract: A flywheel assembly 10 comprising: at least one flywheel mass support 14, the or each said support having a shaft 19 that extends along a rotational axis 18 about which the support 14 can rotate in use, the or each said support 14 comprising a plurality of openings 24 that are each offset from said rotational axis 18, a flywheel mass 12 comprising a plurality of openings 16 that are each arranged to align with a corresponding opening in said support; and means 23 for coupling said flywheel mass 12 to the or each said support 14 so that the mass 12 can rotate with the or each support 14 in use, said coupling means 23 being configured to extend through the aligned openings in the or each support 14 and said flywheel mass 12; wherein said flywheel mass 12 comprises a plurality of generally planar flywheel mass elements sandwiched together to form a stack of elements, each said element including a plurality of openings 16 that align with the openings 24 in the or each said support 14 and with openings in neighbou

Abstract: Methods and systems for preventing corona discharge are provided. In one embodiment, a housing forming a vacuum includes a coil conductor comprising a grounded conductive or semi-conductive layer that is molded over a primary insulation layer molded on coil conductor which limits the occurrence of voltage drop to the primary insulating layer is disclosed.

Abstract: A multi-speed power transmission device includes an input shaft, first and second output shafts and a planetary gearset. An axially moveable sleeve fixes the first output shaft and the input shaft for rotation when in a first position and the sleeve fixes the sun gear and the input shaft for rotation when in a second position. A hub is axially moveable and free to rotate relative to the first output shaft when in the first position. The hub is fixed for rotation with the first output shaft when in the second position, A cam plate is continuously fixed for rotation with the carrier and urges the hub toward its second position when in a second axial position. The input shaft drives the first output shaft at a reduced speed via the planetary gearset when the sleeve, hub and cam plate are at their second positions.

Abstract: A starter includes a motor unit, a drive shaft configured to receive a rotational force of the motor unit and rotate, a transmission pinion gear installed on the drive shaft, an idle shaft extending in a direction parallel to the drive shaft, an idle gear installed on the idle shaft and configured to mesh with the transmission pinion gear, a driving pinion gear installed on the idle shaft and configured to mesh with a ring gear of an engine, a gear cover configured to rotatably support portions of the drive shaft and the idle shaft and accommodate the transmission pinion gear and the idle gear, and a bracket section installed between the motor unit and the gear cover and configured to rotatably support a first end in an axial direction of the idle shaft.