Abstract: An assembly of, uniquely inter-connected modular parts form a high strength waterproof flexible membrane. The said membrane is restrained/positioned in the horizontal plane via a perimeter beam, with fixings on its exterior boundary to the storage parapet/berm, and through internal tendons to the PV panel super structure rows, whilst allowing unrestricted vertical movement in concert with the water level changes. This invention is intended to provide stability, reliability and durability under localised extreme weather conditions. The system may be mounted on a flotation pod or on a land based or building structure.

Abstract: A photovoltaic module employing an array of photovoltaic cells disposed between two optically transparent substrates such as to define a closed-loop peripheral area of the module that does not contain a photovoltaic cell. The module is sealed with a peripheral seal along the perimeter; and is devoid of a structural element affixed to an optically transparent substrate and adapted to mount the module to a supporting structure. The two substrates may be bonded together with the use of adhesive material and, optionally, the peripheral seal can include the adhesive material. The module optionally includes diffraction grating element(s) adjoining respectively corresponding PV-cell(s).

Abstract: A back-contact solar cell module, comprising: silicon wafer having a sunlight receiving surface and a rear surface, wherein n+ region and p+ region are formed on the rear surface; an n+ electrode formed on the n+ region of the silicon wafer; a p+ electrode formed on the p+ region of the silicon wafer; a printed wiring board comprising a substrate, a cathode and an anode, being placed in a way that the anode and the cathode are in contact with the n+ electrode and the p+ electrode respectively; wherein at least one of the n+ electrode and the p+ electrode, prior to firing, comprises a conductive composition comprising 11.0-39.9 wt % of silver particles, 10.0-40.0 wt % of glass frit, and 0.5-20.0 wt % of palladium particles, based on total weight of the composition.

Abstract: A PIN photovoltaic (PIN PV) device is composed of a first electrode layer, a p-type semiconductor layer, an intrinsic semiconductor layer, an n-type semiconductor substrate, and a back surface electrode. Also described is a method for manufacturing a PIN PV device. In a first embodiment, the method includes cleaning an n-type semiconductor substrate; introducing an inert gas under vacuum and a high temperature to form a high resistivity layer on the top surface of the substrate; forming or depositing a p-type semiconductor layer on the high resistivity layer; forming a transparent electrode layer on the p-type semiconductor layer; and forming a metal electrode on the bottom surface of the substrate. In a second embodiment, an SiC or SiO2 isolation layer is formed on the bottom surface of the substrate after initial cleaning of the wafer before the high resistivity layer is formed on the top of the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a collector sheet for a solar cell, and contributing to improvement of power generation efficiency. A collector sheet (5) for a solar cell is disposed on the rear surface side of a solar cell element (4), and is provided with: a circuit (54), which is formed on the front surface of a resin base material (53), and which is configured of a wiring section (541) composed of a metal, and a non-wiring section (542); and an insulating layer (52), which is formed on the circuit (54). Light extraction to the solar cell element (4) due to reflection from the insulating layer (52) is increased, said insulating layer being disposed at the element periphery of the solar cell element (4), by having a white pigment contained in the insulating layer (52), and power generation efficiency is improved even in a back contact solar cell element.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a photovoltaic cell, and a device produced by such a method, are described. The method includes providing a semiconductor substrate and electrically coupling an electrically conductive article to a top surface of the semiconductor substrate. An anti-reflective coating is formed over the semiconductor substrate and the electrically conductive article, in which the anti-reflective coating has a plurality of sub-layers. Each of the sub-layers comprises polysilazane and has a different index of refraction from the other sub-layers. A photovoltaic cell is formed from the semiconductor substrate, the electrically conductive article and the anti-reflective coating.

Abstract: A solar cell includes a solar cell body, a plurality of busbars and a plurality of finger electrodes. The number of the finger electrodes is adjusted according to a width of the finger electrodes, a gap between the finger electrodes and a laid length of the solar cell body, such that a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be substantially enhanced.

Abstract: Discussed is a solar cell including a semiconductor substrate, a tunneling layer formed on one surface of the semiconductor substrate, a first conductive semiconductor layer formed on a surface of the tunneling layer and a second conductive semiconductor layer formed on the surface the tunneling layer. A separation portion separates the first and second conductive semiconductor layers from each other, and is formed on the surface of the tunneling layer at a location corresponding to at least a portion of a boundary between the first and second conductive semiconductor layers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glass frit, a conductive paste composition comprising the glass frit, and a solar cell fabricated using the conductive paste composition. The glass frit of the present invention comprises SiO2, PbO, and at least one selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, ZrO2, ZnO, and Li2O. Further, the conductive paste composition of the present invention comprises a silver (Ag) powder, a lithium titanium oxide, a glass frit, a binder, and a solvent. The conductive paste composition of the present invention can be used to provide a solar cell having low contact resistance to enhance photoelectric efficiency.

Abstract: This invention relates an aluminum conductor paste formulation and its method of application on rear side passivated locally opened vias; dot or line geometry or combination thereof employing laser ablation or chemical etching methods. Such Back Surface Passivated Si-solar cells include dielectric layers of Al203, SiNx, Si02, SiC, ?-Si, Si02/SiNx, Al203/SiNx, Si02/Al203/SiNx. The Al-conductor paste of this invention achieves; (i) non-degradation of passivation stack, (ii) defect free surfaces and void free vias, (iii) a strong and uniform Back Surface Field (BSF) layer within dot vias and line vias.

Abstract: A solar cell comprises a layer (12) of p/n-doped semiconductor nanowires (22), at least one polymer layer (10), wherein the layer (12) of p/n-doped semiconductor nanowires (22) is at least partially embedded in the polymer layer (10), and the polymer layer (10) has a first surface (32) and a second surface (34), wherein, in a state of operation, the first surface (32) is closer to incident light (20) at a location of incidence than the second surface (34), and wherein an area of the first surface (32) is larger than an area of the second surface (34).

Abstract: An encapsulating material for solar cell that is capable of suppressing the corrosion of metal and the occurrence of yellowing at a high temperature and has excellent long-term reliability in a constant temperature and humidity is provided. The encapsulating material for solar cell of the invention contains an ethylene/?-olefin copolymer, a hindered amine-based light stabilizer, a hindered phenol-based stabilizer, and a phosphorous-based stabilizer as essential components.

Abstract: A photovoltaic module includes an encapsulated photovoltaic element and an infrared-transmissive decorative overlay simulating conventional roofing.

Abstract: A polyester film containing a polyester support having a terminal carboxylic acid value of from 3 to 20 eq/ton and IV of from 0.65 to 0.9 dL/g, and a conductive layer having a surface specific resistance of from 106 to 1014? per square with an in-plane distribution of from 0.1 to 20% exhibits an improvement in withstand voltage.

Abstract: Surface shape defects in a polymer sheet having a visual transmittance of from 5% to 50% and a visual absorption of from 10% to 50% are easily recognized.

Abstract: A solar cell is provided with: an n-type region formed over a substrate; a p-type region formed over the substrate and the n-type region; and mark sets for judging positional deviation between the n-type region and the p-type region. The mark sets respectively include first marks, and second marks, which are formed within the first marks.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solar cell sealing film in which the shrinkage is prevented when heated. The solar cell sealing film 13A, 13B comprises a resin mixture of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyethylene, and an organic peroxide. The mass ratio (EVA:PE) of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) to the polyethylene (PE) is 8:2 to 3:7 and the melting point of the resin mixture (temperature at a viscosity of 30,000 Pa·s) is 80 to 105° C.

Abstract: A solar cell module includes a solar cell element, a protective member disposed at one side in a thickness direction of the solar cell element, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer interposed between the solar cell element and the protective member and attached to the protective member, and a support layer formed on the other surface in the thickness direction of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and having an elastic modulus at 25° C. measured in a tensile test of 1 MPa to 9×103 MPa.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device includes a substrate, a back contact layer disposed above the substrate, an absorber layer comprising an absorber material disposed above the back contact layer, and a buffer layer disposed above the absorber layer. The buffer layer includes a first layer comprising the absorber material doped with zinc, and a second layer comprising a zinc-containing compound and a cadmium-containing compound.

Abstract: A polymer solar cell is disclosed, which comprises: a substrate, made of a transparent glass material; a transparent bottom electrode, disposed on the substrate; a hole transport layer, arranged on the bottom electrode by the use of a solution process, such as spin coating or spray printing; and an active layer, arranged on the hole transport layer and provided to be doped with a trace concentration of nanoparticles, that is acting as additives; wherein, after being doped with the nanoparticles and treated by an annealing treatment, the power conversion efficiency of the active layer is enhanced.

Abstract: A recirculation system for a crude oil cargo tank barge having at least one tank includes a pump in fluid communication with at least one tank and recirculation piping in fluid communication with the pump and at least one tank. The pump pumps fluid from at least one tank to the recirculation piping. The recirculation piping then returns the pumped fluid to at least one tank.

Abstract: A battery system, in particular a lithium-ion battery system, comprising a discharge line (AL) with an opening for discharging substances which are produced in the battery system, in particular gases, to the surroundings of the battery system.

Abstract: An overpressure absorption mechanism is provided for a fluid bed processor. The mechanism includes spring assemblies mounted in the legs of the processor. The arms of the lower housing section extend into the legs and are supported on the springs. If an overpressure condition arises within the processor, the springs compress to allow movement between the housing sections to allow engagement of clamping rings which contain the over pressure condition.

Abstract: The present application relates to a splitter nose of an axial turbomachine configured to separate an annular flow into the turbomachine into a primary flow and a secondary flow, and including: a generally circular leading edge, an annular wall extending from the leading edge and bounding the secondary flow, and at least one duct for a de-icing fluid for the splitter nose extending substantially axially along the wall and opening out into the primary flow. The external surface of the wall is formed by a sheet bounding the de-icing duct.

Abstract: An air intake structure for a turbojet engine nacelle includes an inner panel to be attached to a fan casing, and an external panel capable of a translational movement in a longitudinal direction of the nacelle. The external panel incorporates a portion of an air inlet lip able to provide a junction between the inner panel and the external panel, and each of the air inlet lip portion and the inner panel is equipped, at least in the region of a joining end, with an acoustic attenuation structure. In particular, at least one of the joining ends is equipped with a radial buffer able to come into contact with a corresponding joining flange exhibited by the other joining end when the external panel is in a closed position.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include a method, apparatus, and computer program product for providing a self-validating mass flow controller or mass flow meter without requiring any software modification to a tool/tool controller in which the mass flow controller is being utilized. For example, the disclosed embodiments include a mass flow controller comprising an internal valve configured to receive a first pneumatic line coupled to a tool pilot valve and couple a second pneumatic line from the internal valve to an external isolation valve upstream of the inlet. The mass flow controller also includes at least one processing component configured to execute instructions to perform an in-situ rate of decay measurement after executing instructions to close the external isolation valve by using the internal valve to block airflow being received through the first pneumatic line.

Abstract: A gas flow control valve comprising coupling means for coupling to a measurement tube, wherein the coupling means are compatible with existing means for coupling valves to the measurement tube, means for directing gas from a well head through the gas flow control valve and out of an exit port, means for finely tuning the flow rate of gas passing through the flow control valve comprising, means for longitudinally translating a valve needle via rotation of a rotating assembly, wherein the valve needle comprises a tapered portion and a shoulder, wherein the tapered portion of the valve needle comprises a truncated cone which increases in diameter in the direction of gas flow, and means for visually indicating the longitudinal position of the gas flow control valve.

Abstract: A fuel sump with a draw tube on the inside of the fuel tank to maximize the fuel available to the engine eliminate an exterior fuel line that would normally be exterior to the fuel tank attached to the fuel sump.

Abstract: A venturi mixer has first and second fluid input sections, an output section and a throat. The first fluid input section has first and second ends, and a decreasing cross sectional area from the first end to the second end. The throat is disposed at the second end of the first fluid input section and has a plurality of orifices. The output section has a first end connected with the throat and a second end, and an increasing cross sectional area from the first end to the second end. The second fluid input section has an inlet and a housing connected to the inlet and enclosing the orifices of the throat.

Abstract: A pressure-releasing breather hose 1 mounted on a urea water tank 2 is dividably constituted by a flexible joint portion 1a with an end capable of being fitted over a hose joint 3 on the tank 2, and a vertical portion 1b connected to the other end of the joint portion 1a and suspending downward along a side surface of the tank 2. The joint and vertical portions 1a and 1b are constituted by a rubber hose made of ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) and a polyethylene pipe (resin pipe) made of high density polyethylene (HDPE), respectively.

Abstract: A retractable pressure hose can be created which comprises an inlet connector, an outlet connector, an inner elastic tube, an outer cover, and a lubricant disposed to reducing chafing between the inner elastic tube and the outer cover. In such a hose, the lubricant can comprise a solid lubricant such as paraffin wax or other slippery solids, a liquid lubricant such as olive oil or other slippery liquids, or a combination of solid and/or liquid lubricants.

Abstract: A flexible pipe body and method of producing a flexible pipe body are disclosed.

Abstract: In an abrasion resistant welded steel pipe, each of a base material and a weld metal contains specific amounts of chemical composition. The base material of the abrasion resistant welded steel pipe has a Vickers hardness within the range of 150 to 250, and the weld metal has a Vickers hardness within the range of 230 to 350. A weld heat affected zone in the abrasion resistant welded steel pipe has a Vickers hardness within the range of 150 to 350. In the weld metal, the dispersion density of a sulfide having an aspect ratio of 5 or more and containing at least one selected from Fe, Mn, and Ti is 10 grains/mm2 or less. The abrasion resistant welded steel pipe that can be produced at high productivity and low cost with no reduction in weld crack resistance can be provided.

Abstract: A method for producing a one-piece preform for a composite structure includes the following steps: positioning a plurality of bundles of warp threads over two pairs of harnesses; making movements of low amplitude of each of the pairs of harnesses so as to make at least two adjacent and separate layers; and making movements of higher amplitude of the pairs of harnesses so as to at least partially link the at least two adjacent layers to an least one portion of the preform.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for reducing the oxygen content in a product container having a closure, wherein the product container is filled with a liquid product, comprising at least one first injection nozzle arrangement configured to inert the product container by injecting the inert gas stream into the filled product container solely at an edge region of an opening of the filled product container.

Abstract: Modularized components assembled dispensing nozzle, including operating components in the category of a poppet valve assembly, an automatic shutoff device, a hand operating lever for providing a turn on or shutoff of the dispensing of fluid through the nozzle, and a connected spout that delivers fluid to the fill pipe and fuel tank for a vehicle or fluid accepting container. Each of the identified components having been redesigned for assembly in modularized form, such as a modular cartridge for the poppet valve, a modular cartridge for the automatic shutoff device, a modularized operating hand lever, and a spout and its gland and retaining nut that provide for high speed interconnection with the nozzle body, during assembly, or servicing. Each of these modularized components can be installed, during assembly of the manufactured nozzle, or can be replaced, out in the field, by a service person, as a modularized component or cartridge assembly.

Abstract: In a method of producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet by hot-rolling a steel slab of a chemical composition containing C: 0.001˜0.10%, Si: 1.0˜5.0%, Mn: 0.01˜1.0%, at least one of S and Se: 0.01˜0.05% in total, sol. Al: 0.003˜0.050%, N: 0.001˜0.020% by mass, subjecting to cold rolling, a primary recrystallization annealing, application of an annealing separator mainly composed of MgO and a finish annealing, a temperature rising rate S1 between 500˜600° C. in the primary recrystallization annealing is made to not less than 100° C./s and a temperature rising rate S2 between 600˜700° C. is made to 30° C./s˜0.6×S1° C./s, while a total content W (mol %) of an element having an ionic radius of 0.6˜1.3 ? and an attracting force between the ion and oxygen of not more than 0.7 ??2 included in the annealing separator to MgO is adjusted to satisfy 0.01S2-5.5?Ln (W)?0.01S2?4.3 to produce a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent iron loss properties and coating properties.

Abstract: This aluminum alloy sheet is a 6000-series aluminum alloy sheet of a specific composition which, after rolling, has undergone solution hardening and reheating as tempering treatments. The aluminum alloy sheet in differential scanning calorimetry gives a curve in which the exothermic-peak heights A, B, and C in respective specific temperature ranges have relationships within specific given ranges to thereby raise the increase in 0.2% proof stress through low-temperature short-time artificial age-hardening to 100 MPa or more.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy wire, having an alloy composition which contains: 0.01 to 1.2 mass % of Fe, 0.1 to 1.0 mass % of Mg, and 0.1 to 1.0 mass % of Si, with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, in which a grain size is 1 to 30 ?m, and in which a dispersion density of Mg2Si needle precipitate in the aluminum alloy is 10 to 200/?m2; and a method of producing the same.

Abstract: A method of the present invention includes the steps of heating a steel sheet for hot pressing use to a temperature of Ac3 transformation point or above and 950° C. or below, the steel sheet for hot pressing use containing a predetermined chemical component composition, some of Ti-containing precipitates contained in the steel sheet, each of which having an equivalent circle diameter of 30 nm or less, having an average equivalent circle diameter of 3 nm or more, and the precipitated Ti amount and the total Ti amount in the steel fulfilling the relationship represented by formula (1) shown below, thereafter starting press forming, and being held at the bottom dead point and being cooled to a temperature lower than martensite transformation starting temperature Ms while securing the average cooling rate of 20° C./s or more within a tool. Precipitated Ti amount (mass %)?3.4[N]?0.5×[total Ti amount (mass %)?3.4[N]]??(1) (In the formula (1), [N] represents the content (mass %) of N in the steel.

Abstract: A base material of a ferrous material is heated to an AC1 point, which is a temperature to cause mustenite appearance, or higher, and austenite appears in the base material 1a and 1b (S101). An amount of a strain assuming that an Mf point, which is a temperature where the base material becomes martensite completely, is decreased to be less than room temperature is introduced into the base material (S102). The all ferrous material becoming martensite on the occasion of cooling the ferrous material to room temperature is prevented. The base material is cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate where a line extrapolated a cooling curve of the base material intersects with a region where martensite is produced on the CCT diagram (S103). Austenite remains in the manufactured ferrous material at room temperature.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for strip casting 550 MPa-grade high strength atmospheric corrosion-resistant steel strip, comprising the following steps: 1) smelting, where the chemical composition of a molten steel is that: C is between 0.03-0.08%, Si?0.4%, Mn is between 0.6-1.5%, P is between 0.07-0.22%, S?0.01%, N?0.012%, Cu is between 0.25-0.8%, Cr is between 0.3-0.8%, and Ni is between 0.12-0.4%, additionally, also comprised is at least one micro-alloying element among Nb, V, Ti, and Mo, where Nb is between 0.01-0.08%, V is between 0.01-0.08%, Ti is between 0.01-0.08%, and Mo is between 0.1-0.4%, and where the remainder is Fe and unavoidable impurities; 2) strip casting, where a 1-5 mm-thick cast strip is casted directly; 3) cooling the strip, where the cooling rate is greater than 20° C./s; 4) online hot rolling the cast strip, where the hot rolling temperature is between 1050-1250° C.

Abstract: The invention discloses a process and apparatus for micro-treating an iron-based alloy including heating and immediately quenching to room temperature to produce high tensile iron-based alloy with varying thicknesses. The process may or may not be practiced with or without tension, under various controllable tensions in order to create desirable effects. The micro-treated iron-based alloy contains desirable bainite to increase its formability and tensile strength. The varying thickness of the iron-based alloys is desirable for different applications, such as forming automobile panels.

Abstract: Provided is a pneumatic tire comprising an annular interior surface having a circumference, and an air flow feature. The annular interior surface is adapted for engagement with a wheel, defines an interior surface circumferential direction along the annular interior surface in the direction of the circumference, defines an interior surface meridinal direction tangent to the annular interior surface and perpendicular to the direction of the circumference, and defines an interior surface normal direction mutually perpendicular to both other directions. The air flow feature is engaged with the annular interior surface, adapted to direct a flow of inflation air into a non-circumferential direction, and comprises an air flow feature surface comprising a portion that extends in the interior surface normal direction and the interior surface meridinal direction, and either extends more than 2 millimeters in the interior surface normal direction, or extends in the interior surface circumferential direction.

Abstract: [Object] A pneumatic tire 2 which is excellent in durability is provided. [Solution] The tire 2 includes adhesive sheet layers 28. Each adhesive sheet layer 28 includes an interposed portion 58 and a protruding portion 60. The interposed portion 58 is interposed between a base layer 32 and a cap layer 34 of a tread 4. The protruding portion 60 is layered over a carcass 12. The adhesive sheet layers 28 are obtained by a rubber composition being crosslinked. The rubber composition contains a tackifier. A width W1 of the interposed portion 58 is preferably greater than or equal to 5 mm, and preferably not greater than 20 mm. A width W2 of the protruding portion 60 is preferably greater than or equal to 10 mm, and preferably not greater than 20 mm. A thickness of each adhesive sheet layer 28 is preferably greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, and preferably not greater than 2.0 mm.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire is provided with a center land portion between two zigzag crown main grooves, and two middle land portions between two zigzag shoulder main grooves and the two crown main grooves. Each center block is provided with center sipes between which a central part defining the maximum width of the center block is formed. The middle land portion is divided into middle blocks by alternate, oppositely inclined first middle axial grooves and second middle axial grooves. Each middle block is provided with nonparallel middle sipes.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire adapted to effectively suppress temperature rise of a tread portion during loaded rolling of the tire, and sufficiently suppress failure of the tread portion due to the temperature, rise. The tread portion of the pneumatic tire extends between both tread ends and has a tread surface with lug grooves. Each lug groove extends in a tire width direction and has an opening at its one end to a buttress that extends from the tread end radially inwards of the tire. The buttress has a surface with a projection on one side, in a tire circumferential direction, of the buttress-side opening of the lug groove to protrude in the tire width direction. The projection has a radially outer end in a radially outer side than a radially inner end of the buttress-side opening of the lug groove.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a hinged type locking ring quick locking device, which is composed of a locking ring and fastening screws. The locking ring consists of an assembly A and an assembly B. The assembly A and the assembly B are connected through a hinge-shaped structure corresponding to one end of the assembly A and one end of the assembly B, and the other ends of the assembly A and the assembly B are of step-shaped structures capable of being closed and corresponding to each other. Threaded holes are arranged at corresponding positions of steps of the step structures, and the assembly A and the assembly B are fixedly connected through the fastening screws. The locking ring can be opened and closed through the hinge-shaped structure and can be installed without too much force.

Abstract: A wheel is configured by attaching a rim and a hub mounting part via an attaching portion. The wheel has a pneumatic tire mounted on the rim, and is mounted on the vehicle hub by the hub mounting part. The wheel comprises an air passage that penetrates through the attaching portion and opens on the outer circumferential surface of the rim and the mounting surface of the hub mounting part. The wheel also comprises a plurality of air passages that are mutually independent.

Abstract: A tire containing at least a circular tire frame body that is formed from a resin material and has a layered structure, wherein the tire frame body includes at least one gas retaining layer.