Abstract: The present invention relates to a combustion chamber of a diesel engine in accordance with the preamble of Claim 1, a method for igniting a fuel-air mixture in a combustion chamber of a diesel engine in accordance with the preamble of Claim 14, and a diesel engine in accordance with the preamble of Claim 15.

Abstract: An ignition timing control device (31) has a knocking detection device (41) that detects knocking of internal combustion engine (1) and an ignition timing adjustment device (43) that receives a knocking signal outputted from the knocking detection device (41) and a signal concerning the ignition timing of internal combustion engine (1) outputted from an external electronic control unit (37) and adjusts the ignition timing of internal combustion engine (1) according to the knocking signal and the signal concerning the ignition timing. Further, the knocking detection device (41) and the ignition timing adjustment device (43) are electrically connected and formed integrally with each other.

Abstract: A component is described as including a base part, a sealing element, and an extrusion coat, which extends at least partially around the base part and at least partially around the sealing element, the extrusion coat keeping the sealing element in an elastically deformed state.

Abstract: A method and control apparatus are disclosed for operating a fuel-metering valve associated to a fuel pump arranged to supply fuel into a fuel rail, the fuel-metering valve having a valve member and an electric actuator arranged to move that member for regulating a fuel flow-rate. The control apparatus includes an electronic control unit connected to the fuel-metering valve and configured to implement a method of control using a target value, a nominal function corrected value to set an adjustable parameter of a control signal for the fuel-metering valve.

Abstract: An engine fuel control system includes a fuel metering valve operable to control the flow of fuel between a supply line and a delivery line. The delivery line is configured to receive fuel from one or more fuel pumps. The engine fuel control system further includes a pressure raising arrangement which receives the fuel flow from the delivery line and raises the fuel pressure therein. The engine fuel control system further includes a pressure sensor arranged to sense the pressure of the fuel in the supply line between the one or more fuel pumps and the fuel metering valve, or to sense the pressure of the fuel in the delivery line between the fuel metering valve and the pressure raising arrangement.

Abstract: Provided is a terminal structure of a high-pressure fuel pipe for a direct injection engine which can prevent stress concentration to a brazed portion between a pipe and a connection part effectively. In the terminal structure of a high-pressure fuel pipe for a direct injection engine where a connection head is brazed to an end of a fuel pipe, the end of the fuel pipe continued to a fuel pipe insertion portion of the connection head is provided with a drawn portion, an outer diameter D1 of the drawn portion to a fuel pipe diameter D satisfies 0.8D?D1?0.9D, and a length L1 of the drawn portion having the outer diameter D1 in a pipe-axial direction from an end of the fuel pipe insertion portion satisfies L1?0.06D.

Abstract: A fuel injection controller controls a fuel injector which injects a fuel directly into a cylinder of an engine. The fuel injection controller conducts a correction to increase a fuel injection quantity injected from the fuel injector according to a fuel-adhered quantity which is an amount of the fuel adhered to an opened intake valve. Thus, even when the fuel is adhered to the intake valve, an appropriate amount of the fuel can be injected into the cylinder.

Abstract: A method for controlling pressure in a high-pressure region of an internal combustion engine includes adjusting a fuel outflow from the high-pressure region into a low-pressure region by means of an injector, which has a control valve adjusted by a piezo actuator and a control chamber. The method includes charging the piezo actuator by a first signal such that the control valve is moved from a closed position to a partially open position and fuel flows out from the high-pressure region into the low-pressure region, discharging the piezo actuator by a second signal such that the control valve is moved into the closed position, and partially discharging the piezo actuator by a third signal after the first signal and before the second signal. The method provides pressure control in the high-pressure region via an injector with high reliability even at high rail pressure.

Abstract: A method of pressuring fuel for a direct injection fuel system via a fuel pump in an engine is provided. The method includes, during a first mode, adjusting a magnetic solenoid valve (MSV) to control pump outlet pressure and during a second mode, deactivating the MSV and controlling pump outlet pressure via a noise-reducing valve assembly on an inlet side of the fuel pump.

Abstract: A filter head for a pre-filtration filter for fuel has an electric pump received in a pump channel. A connecting channel connects the pump at a suction side with a clean side of the filter. An outlet channel connects the pump at a pressure side with a main filter for the pre-filtered fuel. The pump is alternatingly operated in at least two of the following operating modes: a feed or follow-up operation in which, before switching on or after switching off an ignition of the internal combustion engine, the pump supplies fuel to the outlet channel; a venting operation in which the pump pumps air out of the filter and/or a fuel line of the filter head; and a support operation in which, with switched-on ignition, the pump supplies fuel at a pressure suitable as input pressure for a high-pressure pump arranged downstream of the main filter.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder and a pair of opposed, reciprocating pistons within the cylinder forming a combustion chamber therebetween. The engine has at least one combustion igniter associated with the cylinder, a portion of the combustion igniter being exposed within the combustion chamber formed between the opposed pistons.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust gas cooler for an exhaust gas recirculation system, in particular of a motor vehicle, said exhaust gas recirculation system having a total cooling power (PG) and a total pressure loss coefficient (DG). The exhaust gas cooler comprises: at least one cooling portion (20, 20?) which has at least one cooling duct (22, 22?) and at least one additional duct (24, 24?); at least one bypass which bypasses at least one of the cooling portions (20, 20?); and an exhaust gas routing device (40) which has at least one closing member (42); wherein the cooling duct (22, 22?) has a first cooling power (P1) and a first pressure loss coefficient (D1), and the additional duct (24, 24?) has a second cooling power (P2) and a second pressure loss coefficient (D2). The first cooling power (P1) is greater than the second cooling power (P2), and/or the first pressure loss coefficient (D1) is greater than the second pressure loss coefficient (D2).

Abstract: An exhaust gas feed device for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas recirculation duct comprising an end, an outlet, and an outflow cross-section. An air intake duct opens into the exhaust gas recirculation duct. A flow-guiding element is arranged in and at the end of the exhaust gas recirculation duct. An exhaust gas recirculation valve comprises a regulator body. The regulator body is configured to control the outflow cross-section. A valve seat is arranged at the outlet at the end of the exhaust gas recirculation duct in which the flow-guiding element is arranged. The valve seat is configured to limit the outflow cross-section of the exhaust gas recirculation duct.

Abstract: A flow rate controller of an internal combustion engine includes a flow rate change section configured by including an EGR valve, a bypass valve, and a diesel throttle, as the flow rate change section capable of changing at least one of a flow rate of exhaust gas that is recirculated to an intake system from an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine via an EGR passage and a flow rate of fresh air that flows into the internal combustion engine. In addition, an ECU is included to realize: an arrival position determining section for determining an arrival position of condensed water in the EGR passage that is moved by the EGR at least either at the time of acceleration or at the time of deceleration of the internal combustion engine; and a control section for controlling the flow rate change section on the basis of the arrival position determined by the arrival position determining section.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine crankcase ventilation rotating coalescer includes an annual rotating coalescing filter element, an inlet port supplying blow by gas from the crankcase to the hollow interior of the annular rotating coalescing filter element, and an outlet port delivering clean separated, air from the exterior of the rotating element. The direction of flow by gas inside-out, radially, outwardly from the hollow interior to the exterior.

Abstract: A mixing valve of an exhaust-gas recirculation device of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes an intake flap and an exhaust-gas flap coupled rigidly to one another via a coupling rod. During driving of the exhaust-gas flap, the intake flap is first pivoted in the opposite direction via the coupling rod. The exhaust-gas flap and intake flap are pivoted in the same direction only above a provided pivoting angle.

Abstract: A method for operating a self ignition internal combustion engine (ICE) with a low cetane fuel such as alternative fuels, for example pyrolysis oil, as well as an ICE are disclosed. To reach self ignition conditions one may provide the internal combustion engine to have a compression ratio of at least 17:1, for example, 18:1 (step 100). Moreover, one may load a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine with charge air having a minimal temperature in the range of 340 degrees K to 360 degrees K (step 200) and inject the low cetane fuel at an injection angle of a piston of the internal combustion engine within the range of 20° to 10°, for example between 17.5° to 11° before top dead center into the charge air (step 300), thereby forming a low cetane fuel-charge air mixture. Compressing the low cetane fuel-charge air mixture further during the combustion cycle may result in a compression end temperature of at least 1000 K, allowing self ignition of the low cetane fuel.

Abstract: A compound archery bow comprises a riser, limbs attached to the riser, pulley members mounted on the limbs, a draw cable, one or more additional cables, and a cable guard. The limbs, draw cable, and additional cables are arranged so that drawing the bow rotates the pulley members to let out the draw cable, takes up or lets out each additional cable with the pulley members, and bends the bow limbs toward one another. The cable guard comprises an elongated, resilient, non-articulated member attached to and extending backward from the riser, and a cable retainer. The cable guard displaces each additional cable laterally from a shooting plane of the bow sufficiently at brace to avoid fletching of an arrow, and bends inwardly when the bow is drawn but still displaces each additional cable laterally sufficiently to avoid the shaft of the arrow.

Abstract: An assembly for rapid loading and feeding of paintballs in a paintball marker comprises a receiver mountable on the marker, having an opening to receive and secure a magazine carrying paintballs. An ejection mechanism to clear a magazine from the opening may also be provided. The magazine comprises an outer shell that interacts with the receiver to secure the magazine, and holds an arming mechanism that is manipulated by twisting or pulling to selectively cover apertures in the outer shell to secure the paintballs within the magazine, or uncover the apertures to release the paintballs.

Abstract: A toy gun includes a barrel in which bullets travel due to released gas, a magazine that is cylindrically shaped and disposed in parallel with the barrel to house the bullets, a magazine joint that couples the rear end of the magazine to the barrel and allows the bullets to travel therein, a cut portion disposed between the magazine and the magazine joint and positioned toward the barrel, a magazine follower base that slides in the magazine, a pressing member that presses the magazine follower base toward the rear end of the toy gun, a trunk section that is pivotably mounted toward the rear end of the magazine follower base and allows a barrel side end thereof to slide in the magazine joint, and a magazine follower disposed on the barrel side end of the trunk section.

Abstract: A mobile heating device operated with liquid fuel is provided, having: a combustion chamber (2) comprising a combustion air inlet (3), wherein the combustion chamber (2) adjacent to the combustion air inlet (3) comprises a widening portion (20) the cross-section of which widens with increasing distance from the combustion air inlet (3) and in which in operation combustion air and fuel are converted in a flaming combustion; a fuel supply which is arranged such that fuel is supplied into the widening portion (20); and an air guide device (6) being adapted to feed combustion air into the widening portion (20) with a flow component directed in the circumferential direction such that an axial recirculation region forms in the widening portion (20) in which gases flow in the direction towards the combustion air inlet (3) oppositely to a main flow direction (H).

Abstract: A frame structure for an appliance, such as an oven appliance, is provided. The frame structure includes a pair of vertical rails and a pair of lateral rails. A pair of hinges is mounted to the vertical rails, and a door is mounted to the vertical rails with the pair of hinges. A control panel is also mounted to the pair of vertical rails.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an ice melting apparatus for a ship voyage including: a boiler configured to heat a thermal medium; a high temperature pump configured to transfer the heated thermal medium; a heating cover unit configured to be heated by the thermal medium transferred by the high temperature pump and attached to a bow part of a ship; and a hot gas jet unit configured to be disposed in front of the heating cover unit and jet the air heated by the thermal medium.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally related to a cooking device, such as an outdoor barbecue grill, having a lid that is partially transparent. The lid having a two-part construction, the first part comprising a substantially transparent material, such as a tempered glass material, and the second part comprising a substantially non-transparent material, such as a steel composition. The lid can be used as a cover for covering the contents placed on a cooking surface of the cooking device, such that when the lid covers the cooking surface of the cooking device the contents on the cooking surface are still visible through the first part of the lid. As such, a person using the lid as a cover for a barbecue grill or the like can see the foods placed on the barbecue grill even when covered by the lid.

Abstract: A cooking grill for improved cooking of pizzas and other foods includes a base portion, a cooking grate supported on the base portion, and a lid hingedly-attached to the base and movable between an open position and a closed position in which a substantially-enclosed cooking chamber is defined between the base portion/cooking grate and the lid. The lid is specially-configured to define a window therein, for admitting passage into the cooking chamber along an entrance pathway extending horizontally from the window. The lid is specially-configured so that the window remains open and unobstructed while the lid is in a closed position. A handle is joined to the lid in a position outside of the entrance pathway, so that it does not interfere with insertion of pizza/foods into, or removal of pizza/foods from, the cooking chamber while the lid remains in the closed position.

Abstract: A Hydrogen ThermoCell that generates heat energy through the disassociation and recombination of hydrogen and or the reaction between atomic hydrogen and metal powder and or the reaction between atomic hydrogen, one or more metal powders and or one or more catalysis to accelerate an exothermal reaction. The Hydrogen ThermoCell uses pressure and heat to initiate, operate, sustain and or control the Hydrogen ThremoCell reaction. The heat from said device can be applied to a wide variety of applications including the production of heat, electricity, steam, electrolysis, and other applications derived from a heat source.

Abstract: Provided herein are devices and methods for thawing frozen biological material.

Abstract: A method for making a modular outdoor fireplace having textured exterior surfaces simulating natural stone or bricks and mortar. At least a fire-box unit and a chimney unit are cast from concrete with textured exterior surfaces. After placing the fire-box unit on a support surface, a fireplace insert is positioned in the fire-box unit and the chimney unit is supported either on the fire-box unit or on a cast concrete mantle which is first placed on the fire-box unit. The support surface may be a cast concrete hearth. A metal chimney is inserted through the chimney unit and the mantle and secured to the fireplace insert. A cast concrete cap is placed on the chimney unit.

Abstract: A solar heat collector includes a heat collecting board, a solar radiation absorbing layer provided at one surface in a thickness direction of the heat collecting board, and a low emissivity and low solar reflectance layer provided at one surface in the thickness direction of the solar radiation absorbing layer.

Abstract: A boiler for a solar receiver includes a first receiver panel having a plurality of substantially parallel boiler tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header of the panel to an outlet header of the panel. A second receiver panel has a plurality of substantially parallel boiler tubes fluidly connecting an inlet header of the panel to an outlet header of the panel. The boiler tubes of the second receiver panel are substantially parallel to the boiler tubes of the first receiver panel. The first and second receiver panels are separated by a gap. A panel expansion joint is connected to the first and second receiver panels across the gap, wherein the panel expansion joint is configured and adapted to allow for lengthwise thermal expansion and contraction of the receiver panels along the boiler tubes, and to allow for lateral thermal expansion and contraction of the receiver panels toward and away from one another, while blocking solar radiation through the gap.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for transporting viscous slurries, especially at high pressures, using fluid injection, especially steam injection.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an anesthetic vaporizer comprising a refrigeration system configured to cool a liquid anesthetic to less than 0° C. and to the anesthetic's temperature of minimal alveolar concentration. Further disclosed are methods of administering a liquid anesthetic comprising cooling the liquid anesthetic to less than 0° C. and to the anesthetic's temperature of minimal alveolar concentration.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aerosol delivery device (10, 100, 100?) comprising an aerosol generator (12, 106) for generating an aerosol in the device and a fluid conveying unit (14, 16, 18; 102, 104, 130) configured to induce a first fluid flow (26, 120) having a first flow rate in the device for transporting at least a portion of the generated aerosol outside the device and to induce a second fluid flow (32, 122) having a second flow rate in the device for conveying a fluid into the device, wherein the fluid conveying unit comprises a vibrator (18, 104) for vibrating the aerosol and the first flow rate is equal to or smaller than the second flow rate.

Abstract: A nebulizer device including a mesh aerosol generator combined with an inhalation chamber formed with three openings and a single one-way expiratory valve, a first opening being connected to the patient and used for the transport and administration of the particles from the device to the patient, the said first opening being placed upstream of the aerosol generator, a second opening placed upstream of the device aerosol generator allowing the passage of air from the outside of the chamber to the inside of the inhalation chamber, and allowing the complete ventilation of the inside of the inhalation chamber, a third opening, placed downstream of the aerosol generator and upstream of the said first opening, provided with a single one-way expiratory valve allowing the exhalation of the air from the patient through this third opening, the said third opening being closed by means of the one-way expiratory valve during the inhalation phases and open during the exhalation phases, and whereby the resistance of the sai

Abstract: A device for monitoring gases present in a breathing mask. A gas sensing element carried by the breathing mask senses the partial pressure of a gas present in the breathing mask and outputs signals corresponding to the sensed gas partial pressure. The gas sensing element may comprise a gas-sensing material configured to emit, in response to light excitation, an optical signal at an intensity corresponding to the partial pressure of a sensed gas.

Abstract: A system for reducing condensation in CPAP devices including a CPAP device with air pump and humidifier, a tube connected in pneumatic communication with the air pump, a patient interface pneumatically connected to the hose, and a low-emissivity (below 0.3) outer coating covering the tube.

Abstract: A bi-directional gas flow generation system (10), the system comprising: (a) a pressure generator (14) comprising an inlet (40) and an outlet (42), (b) a flow member (16) comprising an outlet port (50), an inlet port (52), a respiratory circuit port (54) and a flow path (60), (c) a first valve (18), (d) a second valve (20), and (e) a processor (24) configured to selectively control the first valve and the second valve to operate in (i) a first mode in which gas flows from the flow member inlet port (52) to the respiratory circuit port (54), thereby creating a positive pressure at the respiratory circuit port (54) to insufflate the subject; and (ii) a second mode in which gas flows from the respiratory circuit port (54) to the flow member outlet port (50), thereby facilitating gas flow out from the airway of the subject to exsufflate the subject.

Abstract: System and methods for providing respiratory therapy include predetermined and/or automatically determined perturbations of levels of pressure, flow, and/or other gas parameters integrated and/or combined (Start with a supplied pressurized flow of breathable gas for a subject. The perturbations are intended to improve secretion management through intra-pulmonary percussive ventilation integrated with ventilation therapy.

Abstract: A respiratory protection mask (10) for alpine recreationalists, including a frame structure (14) that creates an air void (12) about a users mouth and nose and an outer covering (32) that creates a seal about the air void (12), the users mouth and nose. The mask (10) includes an inlet (20) for allowing air to be drawn into the air void (12) from external of the mask (10), and an outlet (26) for allowing exhaled air to be exhausted from the mask (10) at a location spaced from the inlet (20).

Abstract: A seal device or gasket assembly usable with respiration or ventilation mask systems and that is preferably at least one of adhesive or deformable. The gasket is disposed between the mask and the wearer and reduces the escape of respiration gases between the perimeter edge interface of the mask with the anatomy of the wearer and limits exposure of the epidermis located within the perimeter of the mask and between the mask and the wearer to the respiration gas flows. The mask system is particularly useful for improving communication of the respiration gases for those wearers having facial hair, abnormal dontia, and/or other abnormal facial features.

Abstract: An applicator device (20) suitable for applying a urisheath (21) to a penis, said applicator device comprising: a first flange (41), a second flange (42), and a third flange (43), a first displaceable element (31) connected to said first flange, a second displaceable element (32) connected to said second flange and a third displaceable element (33) connected to said third flange. Said displaceable elements being arranged such that said first, second and third flanges are displaceable with respect to each other, and a urisheath (21) is mountable thereon, and that said first, second and third flanges are displaceable between a first position where the urisheath has a first perimeter and a second position where the urisheath has a second perimeter which is at least 20% larger than the first perimeter.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a device (10) to counteract gastroesophageal reflux in babies, including at least a flat rigid support (12), with a supporting side covered with stuffing or cushion (11), characterized in that it is supplied with mechanisms of assemblage (19) with a frame (30, 30?) supplied with wheels, the supporting side of said rigid support (12) taking an inclination of 70-90° compared to the horizontal and by the fact that includes also a sling (13) coupled with said rigid support (12) and fitted on said supporting side for placing and securing a baby (20) with his abdomen facing said cushion, in the space between said cushion (11) and said sling (13), said sling (13) including a back rest (15) inclined in the same direction of the rigid support (12) and whose upper extremity is higher than the upper extremity of said rigid support (12) and said cushion (11).

Abstract: Small tracheostomy appliances for use in treating Sleep Apnea Syndrome. The appliances are inserted in a tracheotomy incision, low on a patient's neck to equalize intra-tracheal pressure with ambient pressure under certain conditions to prevent undesirable increases in blood CO2 that could otherwise cause arousals from sleep.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for stabilizing a limb, e.g., to which a health care device is secured, and providing for anti-rotation thereof in a health care setting. In an embodiment, the device includes a base section, and two side sections attached to the base section and extending therefrom to define a trough-shaped channel or a rectangularly-shaped channel. Each side section includes a plurality of discontinuities with edges extending longitudinally along an interior side thereof. The discontinuities provide engagement with a limb or health care device within the channel to resist bi-lateral rotation thereof in the channel. A similar embodiment includes one side section and provides unilateral anti-rotation resistance.

Abstract: A perpetrator identifier cum rape victim protector 10 comprises a flexible sheath 12 of liquid impermeable condom type substance that is divided into a tissue attachment means carrying section 18 extending from a mouth 16 and a concertina effect formed inner end section 22. Attachment means in the form of tines 20 are carried along a carrier base 24 that is constituted from zigzag formed coaxially arranged elements 30 that are spaced apart by linear spacers 32 from which the tines 20 extend. The tines 20 and base 24 form a carrier body 26 that forms part of the section 18 to the effect of enabling its expansion once exposed to an action of sheath penetration. The tines 20 are formed to require professional assistance for the release of the identifier cum protector 10 once having become attached to a penetrating member. The lengths and extent of slanting of the tines 20 are selected to limit any body threatening injury to a perpetrator so exposed.

Abstract: A method of processing tobacco and its by-products, comprising the steps of, preparing a blend of the tobacco and its by-products; charging an extruder with the blend; heating the blend to a temperature comprised between 10° C. and 170° C.; applying a pressure to the blend of between 0 bar and 40 bar; said heating and applying a pressure reducing ammonia content and causing Maillard reactions in the blend; and extruding said blend from the extruder to obtain an extruded product, the extruded product having reduced ammonia content.

Abstract: An electronic smoking article includes a liquid aerosol formulation, a heater operable to at least partially volatilize the liquid aerosol formulation and form an aerosol and a tubular filter segment downstream of the heater. The tubular filter segment is operable to selectively filter aerosol particles and vapors from the aerosol.

Abstract: An electronic cigarette comprises a battery portion that includes a battery which is operable to provide power to a heating element of the electronic cigarette, and a cartomizer coupled with the battery portion. The cartomizer comprises a solid core, and the heating element which vaporizes a portion of a liquefied portion of the solid core to form an aerosol mist that acts as a smoke replacement.

Abstract: An electronic smoking article includes an aerosol generator and a mouth end insert. The mouth end insert includes a mechanical aerosol converter surface having the capacity to improve characteristics of aerosol produced by the aerosol generator, including sensory attributes.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of controlling resistance-to-draw of an electronic smoking article is disclosed, which includes a reusable portion and a cartomizer portion, and which includes: supplying an air flow from one or more inlets in an outer cylindrical housing of the electronic smoking article to a cartomizer via a cartomizer inlet having a fixed diameter configured to control a resistance-to-draw of the electronic smoking article and wherein the cartomizer inlet is located inside the outer cylindrical housing of the electronic smoking article, wherein a combined air flow area of the one or more inlets in the outer housing of the electronic smoking article are greater than a cross-sectional area of the cartomizer inlet; heating a liquid material from a reservoir to form an aerosol; and combining the at least initially volatilized liquid material with the air flow from the cartomizer inlet.