Abstract: An air flow measuring device takes in part of intake air flowing through an intake passage. The device includes a housing and a sensor. The housing defines a bypass flow passage through which taken-in intake air passes and which has an outlet that opens on an outer wall of the housing. The sensor is accommodated in the bypass passage to produce an electrical signal as a result of heat transfer between taken-in intake air and the sensor. The outlet of the bypass passage includes vertical and non-vertical openings. The vertical opening opens toward a downstream side of a flow of intake air in the intake passage and is provided perpendicular to the flow of intake air. The non-vertical opening is provided non-perpendicularly to the flow of intake air in the intake passage. The outlet is a continuous stretch of opening where the vertical and non-vertical openings are continuously formed.

Abstract: Fault detection and response systems and processes can be used for pumps, e.g., pump/motors used in hybrid vehicles. The fault detection systems determine when certain operating conditions, which may affect the proper operation of the system, occur. The response systems take appropriate action based on which fault conditions are triggered. Example fault detection systems and processes include detection systems for different types of leaks, sensor malfunctions, or operation errors.

Abstract: Provided is a loading device that is provided in a tire testing machine including a testing station (30) provided with a spindle (31) attached with a tire (50) to be tested and feeds the tire (50) from a predetermined standby position to a testing position where the center of the spindle matches the center of the tire (50) in the testing station (30). The loading device includes: conveyors (1, 2) that convey the tire (50) from the standby position toward the testing position in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tire; and positioning devices (6B, 20) that position the tire to be tested to a position, in which a front end of the tire in the feeding direction matches a point separated from the spindle by a predetermined distance, as the standby position. Setting of the standby position based on the position of the front end of the tire (50) in the feeding direction shortens the feeding distance and the feeding time and hence shortens the testing cycle time.

Abstract: A method for determining the flux of methane newly generated through manipulation of a sub-surface environment. The method comprises: (a) measuring a baseline isotope ratio (Rrm) in methane pre-existing in the reservoir; (b) manipulating the reservoir to facilitate biogenic production of new methane in the reservoir; (c) injecting a substance labeled with the isotope into the reservoir; (d) measuring a flux (Fm) and isotope ratio (Rpm) of methane from the reservoir; (e) measuring an isotope ratio (Rpw) of a methane precursor in a liquid or vapor sample at one or more time periods; and (f) calculating a flux (Fnm) of the new methane from the reservoir according to an isotope mass balance, such as wherein ?=isotope fractionation factor between the methane pre-cursor and the new methane.

Abstract: A rock core flow test system comprises a first high pressure accumulator, a second high pressure accumulator, and a fast opening flow control device coupled to a wellbore facing end of the rock core. The fast opening flow control device opens when a pressure differential across the flow control device exceeds a predetermined threshold. The first high pressure accumulator is coupled to at least one of a pore end of the rock core and a radial surface of the rock core. The second high pressure accumulator is coupled to the fast opening flow control device. The system further comprises a pressure sensor coupled to the rock core flow test system between the fast opening flow control device and the second high pressure accumulator.

Abstract: A silicon mass flow sensor manufacture process that enables the backside contacts and eliminates the conventional front side wire binding process, and the assembly of such a mass flow sensor is disclosed in the present invention. The achieved assembly enhances the reliability by eliminating the binding wire exposure to the flow medium that may lead to detrimental failure due to the wire shortage or breakage while the miniature footprint could be maintained. The assembly further reduces flow instability from the flow sensor package including the bump of wire sealing. The invented mass flow sensor assembly can be a flow sensor module if the supporting sensor carrier is pre-designed with the control electronics. Without the control electronics, the said mass flow sensor assembly is easy to install into desired flow channels and connect to the external control electronics.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a beverage machine (1) comprising a tank (2), which holds a liquid for preparing a beverage, and a dispenser (7), to which the tank is connectable, wherein the tank (2) comprises a valve (8); the dispenser comprises an opening (9) for receiving the valve in connection of the tank on the dispenser; at least one ultrasonic transceiver (3) is disposed in the dispenser (7) or tank (2), the ultrasonic transceiver being designed to emit and receive ultrasonic waves (4a, 4b) in the liquid, in order to determine the distance (d) from the transceiver to the liquid level (5), wherein it further comprises a control unit (6), which is connected to the ultrasonic transceiver (3) which is adapted to determine the distance (d) changing with time and as a result the volume (V) of the liquid flowing out of the tank.

Abstract: A sensing device can detect material depth, liquid-level, and temperature. The sensing device has a probe, a control module, a volume sensing module, a thermal sensing module, an output module, and a power module. The probe has two material electrodes connected to the volume sensing module and a thermal electrode connected to the thermal sensing module. A rated voltage is applied at the material electrodes based on radio frequency admittance. A current deviation of the material electrodes is obtained by the volume sensing module, and calculated via the control module by material characteristics to obtain a correct storage amount of material. A temperature at each material depth is correctly detected by the thermal electrode. Steel cable is used as the material of the material electrodes of the probe to detect material depth or liquid level with high impact resistant ability.

Abstract: An optimal bicycle frame size based on operational characteristics provided by a rider when riding a dynamic fit unit is determined. A best-fit bicycle frame size that is a closest match to the optimal frame size is determined. At least one of the optimal X,Y location of the bicycle's handlebar relative to the bottom bracket, and the optimal X,Y location of the bicycle's seat relative to the bottom bracket, is determined. A stem and spacer from a list of available stems and spacers that will best fit between the head tube of the best-fit frame and the optimal X,Y location of the handlebar is determined. A seat post from a list of available seat posts that will best fit between the seat tube of the best-fit frame and the optimal X,Y location of the seat is determined. A list of the best-fit frame, the best fit stem and spacer, and the best fit seat post, is produced.

Abstract: An integrated MEMS gyroscope, is provided with: at least a first driving mass driven with a first driving movement along a first axis upon biasing of an assembly of driving electrodes, the first driving movement generating at least one sensing movement, in the presence of rotations of the integrated MEMS gyroscope; and at least a second driving mass driven with a second driving movement along a second axis, transverse to the first axis, the second driving movement generating at least a respective sensing movement, in the presence of rotations of the integrated MEMS gyroscope. The integrated MEMS gyroscope is moreover provided with a first elastic coupling element, which elastically couples the first driving mass and the second driving mass in such a way as to couple the first driving movement to the second driving movement with a given ratio of movement.

Abstract: A micromechanical angular acceleration sensor for measuring an angular acceleration is disclosed. The sensor includes a substrate, a seismic mass, at least one suspension, which fixes the seismic mass to the substrate in a deflectable manner, and at least one piezoresistive and/or piezoelectric element for measuring the angular acceleration. The piezoresistive and/or piezoelectric element is arranged in a cutout of the seismic mass. A corresponding method and uses of the sensor are also disclosed.

Abstract: The manufacturing of an element structure including two or more sensor element is to be facilitated. An element structure includes a first substrate including a first support layer and a first sensor element disposed on the first support layer and a second substrate including a second support layer and a second sensor element disposed on the second support layer, wherein the second substrate is disposed on the first substrate via a spacer member in a state in which the first sensor element and the second sensor element are disposed to face each other.

Abstract: A particulate flow monitor for a pneumatic system including a particulate flow tube defining a particulate flow path, a blower connected to the flow tube and the flow tube terminating at a particulate discharge, which flow monitor comprises an acoustic transducer connected to the flow tube intermediate the blower and the discharge; said acoustic transducer being located in said particulate flow path; an impact surface on said acoustic transducer adapted for being impacted by the particulate matter in said flow path; and an electrical signal generator connected to said acoustic transducer and adapted for generating an electrical signal in response to sound waves created by particulate matter impact; said signal generator including an output adapted for providing an electrical output signal corresponding to said sound waves; and a processor connected to said signal generator output; and said processor being programmed to monitor particulate flow based on said detected particulate matter impact.

Abstract: A method of detecting faults in a member having a first and second face opposite each other and communicating fluidically in the presence of at least one fault; the method including the steps of: generating a first sound signal by means of a transmitter, so that the first sound signal interacts with at least one portion of the first face of the member; arranging a receiver, configured to receive a second sound signal, close to a respective portion of the second face of the member corresponding to the portion of the first face, the second sound signal being the outcome of the first sound signal interacting with the member; moving the receiver, close to the second face of the member; generating a detection signal, by means of the receiver, as a function of the received second sound signal; calculating, at a number of instants (t1-tN) in which the receiver is moved, respective detection values (A?, B?, N?) of a quantity associated with the energy of the detection signal; and, in the event of at least one fault i

Abstract: A device for measuring a sound source distribution in three-dimensional space is provided in which tracer particles included around an object are irradiated with a two-dimensional laser sheet within an x-y plane at two times separated by a short time interval, images of the irradiated tracer particles are taken, and two in-plane velocity components of the tracer particles in the laser sheet and one out-of-plane velocity component perpendicular to the laser sheet are measured based on the images taken. Further, the velocity field of the three velocity components in three-dimensional space is measured by obtaining three velocity components within a plurality of planes spaced apart in a z-axis direction perpendicular to the laser sheet and stacking the three velocity components within the plurality of planes in the z-axis direction. The sound source distribution around the object is measured from the velocity field.

Abstract: The invention concerns a folded pendulum, comprising: a support (F); a test mass (PM); a simple pendulum (SP); an inverted pendulum (IP); the simple pendulum and the inverted pendulum being connected at one of their ends to the test mass (PM) and at the other end to the support (F) by means of 4 corresponding joint systems (G), the test mass being not connected to the support (F) and being therefore free to oscillate, each joint system (G) relevant to the simple pendulum (PS) comprising one or more joints in tension, the folded pendulum being characterized in that: each of the joint systems (G) relevant to the inverted pendulum (IP) comprises one or more joints in compression. The invention further concern a seismic sensor utilizing the folded pendulum according to the invention.

Abstract: A jig device usable with a flat display panel which includes a frame including a base frame having an opening and a vertical frame which extends vertically along a perimeter of the base frame and a supporting frame coupled to the base frame within the frame, on which the flat display panel is disposed, wherein the supporting frame includes fixing portions provided at corners thereof to support respective corners of the flat display panel.

Abstract: A sensor including a buffer material layer configured to at least partially deflect when a force or pressure is imparted on the buffer material layer; and an electroactive polymer (EAP) cartridge in operative contact with the buffer material layer, wherein the EAP cartridge is configured to generate an output signal that corresponds to an amount of strain imparted on the EAP cartridge. The EAP cartridge may be used in a variety of sensing applications including as a pressure sensor integrated into a fluid connector. One aspect of the invention provides for selection of a buffer material layer based upon a desired pressure range.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fluidic structure is disclosed. A cavity that defines a shape of an element of the fluidic structure within a material is formed. The cavity is filled with liquid metal. The cavity is sealed. The fluidic structure behaves as an antenna. A fluidic antenna includes a material that defines a shape of the fluidic antenna by a cavity filled with liquid metal formed within the material, where the material further defines at least one mechanical property of the fluidic antenna.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for detecting cross-linking in a polymer, wherein, in some exemplary implementations, the polymer may constitute an encapsulation layer for a photovoltaic module. In one example, a polymer sample is physically deformed, and sample information relating to a relaxation or a recovery of the polymer sample in response to the deformation is obtained. The sample information is then compared to reference information relating to cross-linking of the polymeric material so as to determine a degree of cross-linking in the tested polymer sample. In one aspect, such a determination of polymer cross-linking is achieved without adversely affecting a relevant functionality of the polymer/encapsulation layer (e.g., without destruction to the polymer/encapsulation layer).

Abstract: A material testing machine measuring strain of a tube-like test piece, comprising: a plurality of radial direction displacement detection units; an axis direction displacement detection unit; and a calculation unit that calculates the strain, wherein: each of first and second displacement meters of at least one of the radial direction displacement detection units comprises: a needle; a fixed frame; a movable frame; and a displacement sensor having a body part and a contact protruding from the body part, and wherein a tip of the contact contacts a stopper plate; the needle is oriented in the radial direction of the test piece; the needle protrudes from an end of the movable frame; displacement in the radial direction of the test piece is detected by detecting a moving amount of the needle; and the calculation unit calculates a curvature radius in the tube axis direction of the test piece.

Abstract: Generally, the subject matter disclosed herein relates to testing pillar bumps formed on a semiconductor chip so as to detect the presence of anomalous stiff pillar bumps. One illustrative method disclosed herein includes positioning a test probe adjacent to a side of a pillar bump formed above a metallization system of a semiconductor chip, and performing a lateral force test on the pillar bump by contacting the side of the pillar bump with the test probe while moving the test probe at a substantially constant speed that is less than approximately 1 ?m/sec.

Abstract: The test fixture includes a housing, a first grip, and a second grip. The first grip and the second grip are each configured to clamp onto an upper surface and lower surface of a material coupon. The test fixture also includes an upper input jaw and a lower input jaw each configured to clamp onto the material coupon near a center of the upper surface and the lower surface of the material coupon. The test fixture is configured to load the material coupon in a first direction and a second direction. The first grip and the second grip are each configured to clamp onto the material coupon at a location which accordingly results in a desired testing ratio regardless of a variation in thickness of the material coupon.

Abstract: A dispensing system and method for delivering material to a washing device using a capacitance sensor configuration is disclosed. The capacitance sensor configuration allows a controller to monitor and determine a flow rate of fluid exiting a reservoir. The dispensing system uses the flow rate information, along with downstream conductivity information, to control the dispensing of material. Additionally, one or more error conditions are identified during the material delivery cycle based at least partially on the monitored conductivity and capacitance.

Abstract: An air mass flowmeter having a sensor module fitted in a tube for measuring a gas quantity flowing in the tube at a flow speed. The sensor module extends in the tube. A start of the sensor module defines a first plane and an end of the sensor module defines a second plane both normal to the direction of flow. Extended flow directing elements are arranged in the tube parallel to the direction of flow so that the gas flows onto end faces and wall regions of the flow elements. The wall regions extend between the first and second planes and increase the flow speed of the gas given a low flow speed, relative to the flow speed in the tube, and increase the flow speed of the gas to a lesser extent, given a high flow speed of the gas relative to the flow speed.

Abstract: Method and thermal, flow measuring device for determining at least one variable dependent on at least the chemical composition of a measured medium, wherein the measured medium has n components, wherein n is greater than or equal to two, wherein each mole fraction, volume fraction and/or mass fraction of m components of the medium is measured, wherein m is smaller than or equal to n minus one, wherein the mole fractions, volume fractions and/or mass fractions of the k components of the measured medium which are not measured, and wherein k is equal to n minus m, are established in such a manner, that the sum of the mole fractions, volume fractions and/or mass fractions of the n components amounts to one.

Abstract: A method for monitoring oscillation characteristics in a Coriolis, flow measuring device and to a correspondingly formed, Coriolis, flow measuring device in the case of which an excited oscillatory system is simulated with a digital model, which has at least one fittable parameter. The simulating includes, in such case, excitating the digital model in the same manner as the oscillatory system, calculating a simulation response variable of the simulated oscillations according to the digital model, and, performed over a plurality of signal modulations, iterative conforming of the at least one, fittable parameter in such a manner that the simulation response variable interatively approaches the response variable. Furthermore, it is ascertained whether a corresponding limit value is exceeded by the at least one, interatively ascertained parameter value for the at least one, fittable parameter or by at least one variable derived from the at least one, iteratively ascertained parameter value.

Abstract: A system and method for tracked vehicle dynamometer testing. The dynamometer system may be configured as a treadmill electric chassis dynamometer having dual, parallel endless belts positioned as substantially flat surfaces with cleats, i.e., the tracks of a test vehicle and a dynamometer vehicle. The track assemblies of the test vehicle and the dynamometer vehicle are generally vertically, mechanically coupled in close contact with each other via a retention fixture. The testing may be conducted in a climatic chamber to simulate various environmental conditions.

Abstract: A torque sensing apparatus has a torque adjusting assembly and a non-contact sensing assembly. The torque adjusting assembly has a fitting unit, a regulating rod and a regulating seat. The non-contact sensing assembly has a first device and a second device. The regulating rod is rotatably mounted through the fitting unit. The regulating seat is movably mounted on the regulating rod and located outside the fixed plate of the fitting unit. The first device is mounted on the fixed plate. The second device is mounted on the regulating seat and kept from contacting the first device. The non-contact sensing assembly detects a change of the distance between the first device and the second device and generates a signal to a controller, and the controller gauges a torsional value of the torque adjusting assembly. Therefore, the non-contact sensing assembly is not abraded and increases the precision of the torque sensing apparatus.

Abstract: A return container for a sensor device and methods of forming a sensor device return container are disclosed. Generally, the apparatus may include a deflecting blade, a handle, and an indicator. The deflecting blade has a shaft and planar portion extending from respective ends. The planar portion can be placed proximate a working surface associated with a conveyor bearing and movable to provide the tension force on the belt. The handle is connected to the shaft and provides a torque when the handle is moved about an axis of the shaft. As an initial torque is applied to the shaft, the planar portion applies a first force against the working surface. The indicator is on the handle and measures the tension force on the belt when the handle provides a sufficiently increased torque such that the planar portion minimally deflects the working surface to a predetermined position.

Abstract: A linear step motor can include: a motor housing fixedly mounted at an inner surface of a ring-shaped stator and formed with an opening; a rotor rotatably mounted at a space centrally formed at the stator; a cover member coupled to a bearing to open/close the opening; a nut shaft centrally arranged at the rotor, coupled to an outside of the cover member by passing through a shaft hole centrally formed at an inner ring of the bearing, coupled at a periphery by a magnet and formed with a female screw gear-combined with a lead screw member formed at an inner surface with a male screw; and a fixing unit integrally formed with the nut shaft and fixed to the bearing coupled to the cover member.

Abstract: A linear actuator includes a motor, a movable unit, and a stroke control unit. The motor includes a spindle. The movable unit includes a worm gear and a rotary shaft. The worm is provided with annular spiral or helix teeth. The stroke control unit includes at least one transmission member and at least one micro switch. The at least one transmission member is engaged with and driven by the spiral or the helix teeth of the movable unit for synchronical rotation to activating or deactivating the micro switch. In this way, the linear actuator is simplified in structure and reduced in volume.

Abstract: The wear-compensation device for a gear comprises a fixed support capable of being fixed axially on an external element in order to keep the device on the said external element, a bearing designed to be mounted on a shaft comprising one of the wheels of the gear, an eccentric mounted on the bearing and designed to be in contact with the external element, the said eccentric being able to move angularly relative to the fixed support. The device also comprises a torsion spring mounted axially between the fixed support and the eccentric and capable of exerting a circumferential preload force on the said eccentric, the said spring comprising a first end mounted inside a recess of the eccentric and a second end interacting with the fixed support.

Abstract: A worm-gear assembly including a worm screw having at least one groove and a wheel having a plurality of rotatable pins along its periphery for engaging the worm screw. The pins are able to rotate in a direction other than a direction of wheel rotation. At least one raceway is provided for contacting pins that are not engaged with the worm screw during operation of the assembly.

Abstract: A linear ball screw assembly and method of construction thereof is provided. The assembly includes a screw having a helical external groove and a ball nut having a through bore configured for receipt of the screw therethrough and including a helical internal groove radially aligned with the external groove of the screw to form a helical raceway. A plurality of axial load balls are disposed in the helical raceway. The nut includes a pair of non-grooved internal cylindrical surfaces extending in axially opposite directions from the internal groove along the external groove of the screw to provide outer surfaces of a pair of radial load raceways. A plurality of radial load balls are disposed in the radial load raceways. The radial and axial load balls have different diameters and/or the internal cylindrical surfaces are provided by a pair of sleeve inserts.

Abstract: A method forms a concave constituting a ball return passage directly on an inner circumferential surface of a nut blank by plastic working without damaging a die. Letter S shaped concaves are formed on an inner circumferential surface of a nut blank, by pressing by use of a die having a blank holder, a cam driver, cam sliders, and a cylindrical member. The cam driver has inclined surfaces having the same angle of inclination as the cam sliders. The cam sliders have letter S shaped convexes corresponding to the letter S shaped concaves, and are held by through holes, respectively. When the cam driver is pressed from the top thereof, the cam sliders move outwardly in the radial direction, respectively, and the letter S shaped convexes push the inner circumferential surface of the nut blank for plastic deformation.

Abstract: A gear set is provided for use in a gearbox. The gear set includes a first bevel gear having a first rotational axis and a second bevel gear having a second rotational axis. The second gear is driven by the first gear. The first gear has an outside diameter of about 3.1956 inches, an outer cone distance of about 2.1044 inches, a face width of about 0.62 inches, and a ratio of the outside diameter to a length parallel to the axis of rotation between the crown and the pitch apex of about 1.83. The second gear has an outside diameter of about 2.8337 inches, an outer cone distance of about 2.1044 inches, a face width of about 0.62 inches, and a ratio of the outside diameter to a length parallel to the axis of rotation between the crown and the pitch apex of about 2.33.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a robot joint driving method, computer-readable medium, and device assembly which conducts motions similar to those of humans, and a robot having the same. These motions are achieved by arranging joint driving devices suited to characteristics of respective joints. The robot joint driving device assembly includes a tendon-type joint driving device using a wire, and a harmonic drive-type joint driving device using a gear reduction method. The tendon-type joint driving device is used to drive a rotary joint requiring high back-drivability, and the harmonic drive-type joint driving device is used to drive a rotary joint requiring high rigidity and high precision.

Abstract: A structure with six degrees of freedom for a robot or haptic interface including a base, two branches in parallel, and a wrist joint. The branches are installed articulated between the base and the wrist joint, the branches including a shoulder, an arm, and a forearm supporting the wrist joint. The wrist joint includes a connecting segment onto which a handle holder is articulated about a first rotation axis. A handle is articulated in rotation on the handle holder about a second rotation axis, the handle capable of being moved in rotation about the first axis, the second axis, and a third axis, and a mechanism gears down the rotation of the handle holder about at least the first rotation axis relative to rotation of the connecting segment.

Abstract: A bicycle operating device is provided with a base member, a brake operating lever and a shift operating lever. The shift operating lever moves from a rest position in a second direction to perform a gear shift operation in response to operation of the shift operating lever by the user. The shift operating lever has a handlebar engagement portion that is moved by a handlebar of the bicycle relative to the brake operating lever in a third direction toward the brake operating lever to move closer to the brake operating lever when the brake operating lever is pivoted in the first direction by the user. The third direction is a non-shifting direction that is different from the first and second directions. The shift operating lever does not perform the gear shifting operation when moved in the third direction by the handlebar of the bicycle.

Abstract: A bicycle handle, which is suitable in particular for trekking and mountain bikes, comprises a sleeve with a sleeve slot in it. The sleeve is connected to a grip element. For fastening the bicycle handle on a bicycle handlebar, the sleeve is mounted to the bicycle handlebar, and a clamping device is provided in a clamping region of the sleeve. A barend is connected to the clamping device. In order to avoid rotation of the barend, it is provided according to the disclosure that a rotation-prevention device is arranged between the clamping device and the bicycle handlebar.

Abstract: A controlled axial biasing unit (1) is provided which substantially includes a first ramp disk (11) and a second ramp disk (12), each of which disks is configured with a plurality of ramp contours (8). An annular cage (2) that carries a plurality of rolling elements (3) is inserted between the first ramp disk (11) and the second ramp disk (12). At least the first ramp disk (11), the second ramp disk (12) and the cage (2) are made by a shaping method without chip removal. Each of the first ramp disk (11) and the second ramp disk (12) is configured with a continuous wall (32). Likewise through this shaping method, the first ramp disk (11) and the second ramp disk (12) have on an outer periphery (UA) an integrally formed safety stop device (14) for respective end positions.

Abstract: A vehicle is described having a transmission driven through a propulsion unit such as an engine, and through a CVT. The transmission is comprised of an input shaft and an output shaft which are coaxially disposed. An idler shaft is driven by the input shaft, and the idler shaft drives the output shaft, through selected gear sets, to provide different gear ratios or drive directions. The CVT also has a fan on the driven side which feeds air through the CVT for cooling. The CVT comprises a drive side clutch and a driven side clutch with the output shaft of the extending through the CVT driven clutch.

Abstract: An improved combination beverage-container opener device which, in additional to providing easy removal of bottle caps and lifting of stay-on tabs to open beverage cans, provides easy, quick and full removal of stay-on tabs.

Abstract: A device is for tensioning a rod having a threaded portion and includes an actuator adapted to provide a tensioning axial force and a tie-rod adapted to transmit the axial force from the actuator to the threaded portion of the rod. The tie-rod includes a plurality of jaws, the jaws being movable radially between a closed position at which the jaws are engaged with the rod threaded portion and an open position at which the jaws are disengaged from the threaded portion, each jaw having an outer surface. A locking element includes a sleeve slidable axially along the tie-rod and disposable about the jaws, the sleeve having an inner frustoconical surface contactable with the outer surfaces of the jaws.

Abstract: An open-ended ratchet wrench includes a body having a fixed jaw, a first pivotal portion, and a second pivotal portion. A driving member is rotatably mounted to the fixed jaw. The driving member includes an inner periphery for holding an object to be driven. A first movable jaw includes a first pivotal end pivotably connected to the first pivotal portion and a first movable end having a first toothed portion meshed with a toothed portion on an outer periphery of the driving member. A second movable jaw includes a second pivotal end pivotably connected to the second pivotal portion and a second movable end having a second toothed portion meshed with the toothed portion of the driving member.

Abstract: A ratchet wrench applicable to multi-size workpieces comprises: a wrench with a handle and a head wherein the head has a hollow handle hole in which there are two neighboring surfaces along its inner edge, a first support surface and a second support surface, and an accommodating space embedded into the handle; a support portion with a ratchet part and a resilient member wherein the ratchet part allows one end to be pivoted in the accommodating space and is provided with an arc-convex portion, which is within the hollow handle hole for a first working space developed inside, and the resilient member always exerts a resilient resistance on the ratchet part. As such, the ratchet wrench depends on a simple mechanism and is applicable to continuous screw operation of various screw fastening elements for excellent convenience and swiftness.

Abstract: An adjustable wrench device includes a housing engaged in a head and having an internal gear, a rotary member engaged in the housing, a sleeve attached to the housing and engaged with the rotary member for confining the rotary member in the housing, the sleeve includes an opening having two spirally arranged cam surfaces and having two or more pairs of depressions, two jaw members are engaged with the rotary member and moveable toward and away from each other to engage with either pair of depressions for adjusting the spacing distance between the jaw members and for adjustably gripping bolt heads or nuts or fittings of different sizes or dimensions or diameters.

Abstract: A ratcheting wrench includes a driving head having a receiving hole defined through the driving head. The driving head includes an inner flange and multiple teeth. The inner flange inwardly extends from an inner surface of the receiving hole. The multiple teeth extend from the inner surface of the receiving hole. Each tooth has a bottom connected to the inner flange and includes an upper edge, a first side, a second side and a beveled ridge. The beveled ridge extends from a juncture between the first side and the upper edge to the inner flange, gradually and inwardly protrudes from an inner surface of the tooth, and includes an engaging bevel and a guiding bevel. The wrench body continuously rotates a fastener without detaching from the fastener.

Abstract: A socket includes a body and a reinforcing sleeve. The body includes first and second coupling ends for respectively coupling with a fastener and a driving tool. The first coupling end includes a conical section having a small diameter end and a large diameter end. A spacing between the small diameter end and the second coupling end along the longitudinal axis is smaller than a spacing between the large diameter end and the second coupling end along the longitudinal axis. The conical section has increasing diameters perpendicular to the longitudinal axis away from the second coupling end. The reinforcing sleeve is mounted around the conical section of the body to reinforce the socket.