Abstract: A reading enhancement device for preventing and/or treating presbyopia of the eye. The enhancement device is sutured to an outer wall of the sclera for buckling and compressing a portion of the sclera and the ciliary body inwardly and perpendicular to the plane of the sclera and exerting a posterior compression force toward the vitreous humor in the rear of the eye. The enhancement device includes a compression body with a front of the body having semi-circular convex surface. The compression body made of a non-metallic, synthetic polymer. The convex surface is used for engaging, buckling and compressing both a portion of the sclera and the ciliary body of the eye. The compression body also includes an enlarged, rounded first and second end portions and an elongated center portion with the convex surface formed thereon. Also, the compression body includes a rear having an outwardly extending rib portion with a pair of grooves at opposite ends of the rib portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of pretreating a sample containing a glycated amine as an analyte, thereby enabling highly reliable measurement of a glycated amine. A glycated amino acid in the sample is degraded by causing a fructosyl amino acid oxidase (FAOD) to act thereon, and thereafter, a FAOD further is caused to act on the glycated amine as the analyte in the sample to cause a redox reaction. The amount of the glycated amine is determined by measuring the redox reaction. The substrate specificity of the FAOD caused to act on the glycated amino acid may be either the same as or different from that of the FAOD caused to act on the glycated amine. When using the same FAOD, a FAOD is caused to act on the glycated amino acid to degrade it, and thereafter, the sample is treated with a protease to inactivate the FAOD and also to degrade the glycated amine.

Abstract: A re-keyable lockset that employs pairs of first and second pins. Coupling of the first and second pins to one another defines a key profile for a mating key. A second key with a different key profile may be installed to the lockset when the first and second pins are uncoupled from one another. Thereafter, the first and second pins may be re-coupled to one another to define the key profile of a new mating key. A method for re-keying a lockset is also provided.

Abstract: A driving circuit of a liquid crystal display panel includes a substrate, a plurality of driver IC chips located on the substrate, a current supplier, and a first conductive wire set. The first conductive wire set has a plurality of conductive wire segments for connecting the driver IC chips in parallel to the current supplier. Furthermore, the conductive wire segments each have a form, such that paths formed of the conductive wire segments from the current supplier to the respective driver IC chips have an equal resistance, and, accordingly, each of the driver IC chips obtain the same input voltage. Hence, a problem of band mura is avoided.

Abstract: Subjects are detected in a captured image and a main subject is selected from the detected subjects. Focusing areas are set up that correspond to the detected subjects and focus detection is performed in the focusing areas that have been set up. When providing in-focus indication representing focus detection results, focus detection results associated with the particular focusing area among the focusing areas that corresponds to the main subject are displayed in a manner different from focus detection results associated with those focusing areas within the depth of field that correspond to subjects other than the main subject.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is described for producing a translucent image over a base image created on the display screen of a computer system by a selected first application program, and conducting image operations either on the base image created by the selected application program with reference to the translucent image produced, or conducting image operations on the translucent image with reference to the base image of the first application program. The first application program runs on a central processing unit (CPU) of a computer system to produce a base image, and another application program referred to as the overlay program is run to produce the translucent image such that portions of the base image which are overlapped by the overlay image are at least partially visible through the translucent image. There is also a mechanism for blending the first video data and the second video data to produce a blended image on the screen assembly.

Abstract: An object-oriented software application is provided for receiving updates that change state of an object model and reporting those updates to requesting users. The application includes a database application for storing data; an object model driver for writing updates into the database; a notification system for notifying about the updates; and, a plurality of external monitors for reading the updates. In a preferred embodiment the object model produces multiple temporal snapshots of itself in co-currency with received events, each snapshot containing associated update information from an associated event and whereupon at the time of occurrence of each snapshot coinciding with an event the notification system notifies the appropriate external monitor or monitors, which in turn access the appropriate snapshot, performs calculations thereupon if required and renders the information accessible to the users.

Abstract: System-directed checkpointing is enabled in otherwise standard computers through relatively straightforward augmentations to the computer's memory controller hub.

Abstract: Isolation methods and devices for isolating regions of a semiconductor device are disclosed. The isolation methods and structures include forming an isolating trench among pixels or other active areas of a semiconductor device. The trench extends through the substrate to the base layer, wherein a liner may be deposited on the side walls of the trench. A conductive material is deposited into the trench to block electrons from passing through.

Abstract: The invention relates to an amplifier capable of producing a plurality of output signals, these output signals being controlled by a plurality of input signals. A multiple-input and multiple-output amplifier of the invention includes 4 signal input terminals, 4 signal output terminals, 4 active sub-circuits and a feedback network. Each active sub-circuit has a sub-circuit input terminals connected to one of the signal input terminals, a sub-circuit output terminal connected to one of the signal output terminals and a sub-circuit common terminal. The feedback network uses mutual induction between windings. The feedback network has terminals connected to the sub-circuit common terminal of the active sub-circuits. The feedback network presents an impedance matrix producing a negative feedback such that the transfer admittance matrix of the multiple-input and multiple-output amplifier approximates a given admittance matrix.

Abstract: For use in a wireless communication network, a mobile station configured to determine a preamble sequence from a set of indexed preamble sequences by generating an index of the preamble sequence from a B-bit message is provided. The mobile station is configured to group the B bits of the message into n groups, each group having a substantially equal number of bits. The mobile station is also configured to generate a parity bit from each of the n groups. The mobile station is further configured to determine the index of the preamble sequence based on the n parity bits. The mobile station is still further configured to transmit the preamble sequence corresponding to the index of the preamble sequence. A base station configured to recover the B-bit message using the received signal from the mobile station is also provided.

Abstract: A main document and referenced frame documents to be rendered by a browser for a display page are parsed by the browser to identify where text and graphics objected are to be located. The location of a cursor that is used by the user to interact with the browser is tracked, and the object nearest to the cursor is determined. This object is then rendered prior to the rendering of other objects in the display page that would normally be rendered prior to the nearest object under conventional rendering schemes. Optionally, objects related to the nearest objects may be rendered the same time, and various other objects may be rendered or partially rendered while data corresponding to the nearest object is being received by the browser.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing printed wiring boards including electrically conductive constraining cores that involve a single lamination cycle are disclosed. One example of the method of the invention includes drilling a clearance pattern in an electrically conductive constraining core, arranging the electrically conductive constraining core in a stack up that includes B-stage (semi-cured) layers of dielectric material on either side of the constraining core and additional layers of material arranged to form the at least one functional layer, performing a lamination cycle on the stack up that causes the resin in the B-stage (semi-cured) layers of dielectric to reflow and fill the clearance pattern in the electrically conductive constraining core before curing and drilling plated through holes.

Abstract: The invention relates to an edge guard for a road milling machine and to a runner segment for such an edge guard. According to the present invention, the runner segment comprises an insertion projection that can be inserted into an insertion receptacle of the edge guard.

Abstract: An agricultural product distribution system is presented includes an inductor box configured to receive agricultural product and conveyed air to combine the conveyed air and the agricultural product. The conveyed air is configured to direct the agricultural product through ports to multiple distribution units. Moreover the inductor box includes a baffle retention channel configured to receive a removable baffle. Furthermore, the removable baffle includes at least one opening configured to control an amount of conveyed air directed through the ports to the multiple distribution units.

Abstract: A method for harvesting crop materials each having a grains carrying stalk, includes erecting the stalk, cutting the stalk of the crop materials with two or more cutting blades or elements into a lower base segment carrying no grain and an upper straw segment that carries grains, discarding the lower base segment which carries no grain, threshing the upper straw segment which carries the grains for separating the grains from the upper straw segment, and collecting the grains. A blowing process is used for blowing the upper straw segment away from the grains before collecting device the grains. A determining process is used for determining a length of the lower base segment to be cut before erecting the stalk.

Abstract: A combine harvester includes a grain tank with an upper opening and a foldable attachment disposed on the upper opening. The attachment has two opposing, one-piece, flat attachment parts and two opposing, multiple-component, flat attachment parts. The attachment parts are swivellably disposed on the upper edge of the upper opening of the grain tank, are swivellably connected to one another and, in lying-flat, closed positions, form a cover. The cover at least partially closes the opening. In erected filling positions, the attachment parts increase the volume of the grain tank.

Abstract: A method for controlling operation of a harvesting machine includes using a sensor unit to sense at least one state variable of a rolling-element bearing during operation of the harvesting machine and sending the at least one sensed variable to at least one evaluation unit, analyzing the at least one sensed variable in the at least one evaluation unit and generating at least one analysis result, and starting a process operation based on the at least one analysis result, wherein the process operation includes controlling at least one operating parameter of the harvesting machine and wherein the controlling and the sensing of the sensor unit form a closed loop control circuit.

Abstract: A self-propelled harvesting machine includes an intake assembly configured to pick up crop from a field and conveying the crop, a processing assembly for receiving the conveyed by the intake assembly and a sensor for estimating the crop throughput of the intake assembly and a ground drive. The forward speed (V) of the ground drive and a drive speed (C) of the intake assembly can vary depending on the crop throughput.

Abstract: A spring tine for use on the pickup assemblies of crop baling machines and the like comprises a single, continuous strand of resilient material formed into a base of multiple, side-by-side, helical coils and an elongated leg projecting outwardly from the base. The leg is formed to present a relief notch in an inner section of the leg adjacent the base for avoiding interference with a support member for the tine when the tine springs back and forth during operation.

Abstract: A combine harvester thresher includes a combine harvester threshing drum formed with a helical auger flight and which is mounted for rotation in a threshing direction for threshing crop cuttings to form threshings. The helical auger flight has a leading end directed into the threshing direction and an opposed trailing end directed away from the threshing direction, an outer face and an opposed inner face angled toward the threshing direction for driving cuttings to the threshing drum for threshing in response to rotation of the threshing drum in the threshing direction. A sacrificial shield and wear plate is releasably attached to the leading end of the helical auger flight for shielding the leading end of the helical auger flight from impacting cuttings and for deflecting cuttings to the inner face of the helical auger flight in response to rotation of the threshing drum in the threshing direction.

Abstract: A tractor includes an electronic tractor controller. A baler includes an electronic baler controller. The baler controller submits a halt signal to the tractor controller when a bale size is equal to or exceeds a first predetermined size. The baler controller generates a tractor halt signal in response to certain conditions of the baler system and the tractor controller preventing tractor motion in response to the halt signal. When the baler controller is generating the halt signal, tractor motion is enabled if the operator commands the tractor to move by manipulating the command device, and within a certain time period of said command being issued, the baler controller generates a tractor motion enabling signal in response a status of the baler system. When the baler controller is generating the halt signal, tractor motion is enabled if the operator moves the tractor command device in a special manner.

Abstract: A landscape barrier comprised of pre-formed elements having interlocking features is presented. The pre-formed elements lock onto a carrier plate which can be pinned to the ground using anchors. The interlocking features are post and socket that snap fit together to secure the elements to each other. The carrier plate may protrude outwardly to form a border, thereby reducing grass and weed trimming around the barrier.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of forest ecological culture and discloses a method for improving the survival rate of a directly-planted seedling and a transplanting seedling of a haloxylon plant in desert or semi-desert environment. In desert and semi-desert areas meeting a certain condition, the base part of the stem of the directly-planted seedling or the transplanting seedling of the haloxylon plant is protected by using a cylindrical pipe or hollow bullet-shaped pipe of a certain specification from damage or even death caused by stress factors such as a ground surface layer at high temperature. Through the present invention, the survival rate of a directly-planted seedling and a transplanting seedling of the haloxylon plant under extremely stress conditions in the desert and semi-desert areas can be obviously improved, and the average improvement rate is over 50%, the quick growth and development of individuals are promoted and the annual mass growth is increased.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for testing a plant or plant part for exhibiting a reduced or absent wound-induced surface discoloration as compared to a control plant or plant part, which method comprises providing a plant or plant part that is obtained from a plant population that shows genetic variation, in particular a gene bank; optionally creating a wound surface on the plant or plant part; incubating the plant or plant part or the wound surfaces created thereon to allow for discoloration to occur therein or thereon; observing the discoloration in or on the plants or plant parts; comparing the observed discoloration with the discoloration that is observed in the control plant or plant part to assess whether the plant or plant part shows no discoloration or a discoloration that is reduced as compared to the control plant or plant part; and identifying a plant or plant part that shows no discoloration or a discoloration that is reduced as compared to the control plant or plant part as a plant that harbo

Abstract: A hybrid pepper designated ‘E20S10880’ is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of hybrid pepper ‘E20S10880’ to the plants of hybrid pepper ‘E20S10880’ and to methods for producing a hybrid plant, and to methods for producing other pepper lines, cultivars or hybrids derived from the hybrid pepper ‘E20S10880’.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated X08D508 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X08D508 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X08D508 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X08D508, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X08D508. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X08D508.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated X08D422 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X08D422 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X08D422 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X08D422, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X08D422. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X08D422.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated PH1VFJ and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PH1VFJ with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PH1VFJ through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PH1VFJ or a locus conversion of PH1VFJ with another maize variety.

Abstract: A wheat variety designated W020175C1, the plants and seeds of wheat variety W020175C1, methods for producing a wheat plant produced by crossing the variety W020175C1 with another wheat plant, and hybrid wheat seeds and plants produced by crossing the variety W020175C1 with another wheat line or plant, and the creation of variants by mutagenesis or transformation of variety W020175C1. This invention also relates to methods for producing other wheat varieties or breeding lines derived from wheat variety W020175C1 and to wheat varieties or breeding lines produced by those methods.

Abstract: A wheat variety designated A020167A1, the plants and seeds of wheat variety A020167A1, methods for producing a wheat plant produced by crossing the variety A020167A1 with another wheat plant, and hybrid wheat seeds and plants produced by crossing the variety A020167A1 with another wheat line or plant, and the creation of variants by mutagenesis or transformation of variety A020167A1. This invention also relates to methods for producing other wheat varieties or breeding lines derived from wheat variety A020167A1 and to wheat varieties or breeding lines produced by those methods.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated PH1TRP and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PH1TRP with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PH1TRP through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PH1TRP or a locus conversion of PH1TRP with another maize variety.

Abstract: An improved livestock stanchion including a plurality of forked vertical posts fixed between a substantially horizontal base rail and a horizontal rail to form a co-planar frame having at least one livestock opening. The horizontal rail can be serpentine in form to reduce the likelihood of head, horn or ear strikes as the animal's head enters a livestock opening. A locking bar rests in at least one releaseable support yoke mounted to the frame to allow easy installation and removal of a locking bar and its appurtenances. An end lap between adjacent locking bars provides for a strong releaseable couple. An offset pivot member and an offset latch pin of a pivoting restraining stanchion provide early engagement of a latch pin to a latching mechanism such as a pair of opposing latch dogs mounted on a locking bar above the horizontal rail.

Abstract: A protective boot for the ankle of a horse includes a flexible panel with a middle portion and two opposing side portions extending outwardly therefrom. The middle portion is suitable for abutting the digital flexor tendon of the horse. The two opposing side portions are suitable for wrapping around the ankle of the horse. A slot is provided which extends along the digital extensor tendon and is defined by the two opposing side portions. A cup is formed at a bottom of the middle portion, the cup receiving the proximal sesamoid bones of the ankle of the horse. Lateral grooves are provided, which are positioned over the palmar digital veins of the horse. The flexible panel includes an outer foam layer and an inner heat-absorbing layer. A reinforcing elastic wrap is removably affixed around the flexible panel.

Abstract: A palatable and long lasting chew for dogs combines a rawhide fraction with meat, poultry or fish. The rawhide fraction is from rawhide splits die cut into desired shapes. The rawhide fraction is then dehydrated to approximately 6% moisture. The meat, poultry or fish fraction then attaches to the rawhide component. The meat fraction is held to the rawhide fraction utilizing a food grade adhesive from milk protein hydrolysate. The milk protein hydrolysate is solubilized in hot water to a solids level between 3% and 30%. The solution is then applied to the rawhide component where the meat fraction will contact the rawhide. The meat fraction is then deposited onto the coated rawhide surface and the chew is then dehydrated to laminate the meat fraction to the rawhide fraction. Alternatively, the food grade adhesive is blended with the meat fraction and deposited in the rawhide.

Abstract: A force transfer harness that utilizes the harness structure to redirect the handler's forces through the harness structure and into the underlying ground is provided. The harness creates a moving support for a handler. Through the act of the dog sitting, the associated dog and handler cause a change in the orientation of the harness legs, both fixed and moveable, and cause the moveable legs to be brought into an angular relationship with the fixed legs that allows the harness to form a support structure. After the dog sits, the harness legs are brought in contact with the ground, whereas previously they were hovering above the ground in a ready orientation. As a result, the dog's act of sitting enables the human to transfer his or her weight through the harness and into the ground.

Abstract: An animal harness device includes a base tether for engaging onto an animal, a carrying strap has two end portions coupled to the end portions of the base tether, a slidable ring member engaged onto the carrying strap and movable along the carrying strap, two connecting members attached to the end portions of the base tether and each connecting member include an outer slot and an inclined slot offset from each other and inclined relative to each other, a neck band is coupled to the inclined slots of the connecting members and adjustable relative to the base tether, a body band is coupled to the outer slots of the connecting members, and a leash cord has a connector detachably engaged with the slidable ring member for walking the animal.

Abstract: An oriole jelly birdfeeder is provided that includes a jelly holding container, a base having a feeding platform and a connecting element for connecting the base to the container, and a mixing mechanism. The mixing mechanism includes a mixer element and a mixer handle which are coupled to one another and rotatable together. The mixer element includes a paddle positioned within the connecting element to enable the user to mix and distribute the jelly, which is held within the container, onto the feeding platform as needed by rotating the mixer handle.

Abstract: A versatile perching block comprising a shaft with a top end and a bottom end, a plurality of head portions connectable to the top end, and a plurality of bases connectable to the bottom end. The perching block is part of a system that includes interchangeable parts, including interchangeable head portions and interchangeable basis.

Abstract: A sustainable food production system, known as aquaponics, is housed in at least a portion of an intermodal shipping container. In some embodiments, the food production system can be housed fully in one intermodal shipping container or may span multiple shipping containers that can be stacked vertically, end-to-end or side-to-side. An ecosystem is created in the shipping containers where fish fertilize plants and plants clarify the water for the fish. The containers are designed to be plug-and-play and are expandable. Because they are intermodal (ISO) shipping containers, they can be easily shipped anywhere in the world. In the area of a standard parking space (8 feet by 20 feet), about 1,500 fish per year and hundreds of vegetables monthly can be raised.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides advantageous fish retaining and transporting devices or assemblies (e.g., fish stringers), and related methods of use. More particularly, the present disclosure provides advantageous fish retaining and transporting devices or assemblies having a handle member (e.g., elongated member), and related methods of use. In exemplary embodiments, the present disclosure provides for a fish retaining and transporting assembly including an handle member (e.g., elongated member) extending from a first end to a second end, and a stringer member extending from a first terminal end to a second terminal end, the first terminal end of the stringer member mounted with respect to and proximal to the first end of the handle member and the second terminal end of the stringer member mounted with respect to and proximal to the second end of the handle member.

Abstract: An aquarium system having a tank supported by a base, the base having a drawer that that retains the operational components of the filtration system. An overflow chute is positioned within the tank, the chute having an open top such that water from the tank may flow into the chute and into the drawer. The drawer has a receiving compartment located beneath the chute and a return compartment separated from the receiving compartment by a filter such that water is drawn through the filter and into the return compartment by a pump. The pump then delivers the filtered water from the return compartment into the tank through a conduit passing up through the chute. The filtration system is fully operational with the drawer closed or partially open.

Abstract: A fish food dispensing assembly includes (i) a handle member; and (ii) a perforated container that is selectively, magnetically linked to the handle member with an aquarium panel therebetween. The perforated container is configured to receive fish food therein and to dispense fish food therefrom in a liquid environment. The fish food dispensing assembly also acts as a cleaner and can be moved with respect to the aquarium in order to clean the aquarium and/or position the fish food dispensing assembly in desired locations for feeding fish within the aquarium.

Abstract: Provided are tissue scaffolds colonized by vertebrate cells expressing a transgenic bioactive molecule, where the vertebrate cells are unable to undergo mitosis. Also provided are methods of growing tissue in a mammal and methods of delivering a transgenic bioactive molecule to a tissue of a mammal, using the tissue scaffolds. Additionally, methods of making the tissue scaffolds are provided.

Abstract: A fishing reel drive gear is used for a fishing reel. The fishing reel drive gear is arranged to be meshed with a pinion gear. The fishing reel drive gear includes a gear tooth portion and a disc portion. The gear tooth portion has first and second gear teeth. The first gear tooth includes a first tooth surface. The second gear tooth includes a second tooth surface. The first tooth surface includes a first groove thereon. The second tooth surface includes a second groove thereon. The first and second grooves intersect with a mesh directional. The disc portion has an outer peripheral surface and a radially outer portion of a lateral face. The gear tooth portion is configured on the outer peripheral surface or the radially outer portion. The fishing reel drive gear is arranged to be meshed with the pinion gear in a direction of the mesh directional path.

Abstract: A self-contained solar powered floating apparatus stores energy during the day and uses the stored energy to emit light underwater during the night, thereby attracting fish to the vicinity of the apparatus. The fishing bobber apparatus includes a floatable housing, a photovoltaic module disposed within the housing and including photovoltaic cells to receive solar radiation and convert the solar radiation into DC electricity. An energy storage module is electrically coupled to receive and store the DC electricity from the photovoltaic module during a storage mode, and a light emitting module is electrically coupled to receive DC electricity discharged from the energy storage module during a discharge mode and convert the DC electricity into light that is emitted through a portion of the housing. A light sensing module and associated control circuitry detects the presence of ambient light.

Abstract: A fishing lure line connector is provided with an undivided, single width, unitary elongated member shaped to form first and second eyelets at its respective ends and a circinate hoop, the first and second eyelets axially aligned and residing outboard of the circinate hoop. A method of attaching a fishing lure line connector to a fishing lure having a connection feature is also provided, comprising providing a fishing lure line connector having a hoop and first and second axially aligned line apertures connected to and disposed outboard of the hoop, and moving the connection feature between the first and second line apertures to within the hoop.

Abstract: Systems, devices, apparatus and methods of attracting and capturing flies with toxicant treated darkened cords and printed or painted strips on sidewalls of housings. The darkened cords and strips black to confuse flies into believing they are cracks and crevices. Flies feed off the insecticide treated strips and are killed over time. At least one black line over a blue background can simulate a harborage to attract flying insects. At least one black line over a sticky surface card can be used. Geometrical housing shapes can include triangular, pentagon, cylindrical, rectangular, square, cube and/or other geometrical shapes. Housings can be tied off to be suspended. Second housings can be suspended beneath a main housing by attaching strips to the lower suspended housing. The housings can also work in an unassembled state where planar type sheets can be mounted on a wall.

Abstract: A device for controlling blood-feeding insects is disclosed. The device includes a membrane containing a solution suitable for consumption by blood-feeding insects wherein the solution is comprised of a base, the base selected from the group consisting of up to 70 wt % NaCl in water, phosphate buffer, citric acid in water, and sodium lauryl sulfate in water, and wherein the solution has a pH of between about 6 and 8. An additional active ingredient may be added to the solution. The solution may be referred to as liquid bait. The membrane is suitable for blood-feeding insects to pierce or puncture in order to feed. A method of exterminating or controlling blood feeding insects is also disclosed along with novel bait solutions.