Abstract: The present invention provides a semiconductor device comprising: a silicon based semiconductor substrate provided with a step including an non-horizontal surface, a horizontal surface and a connection region for connecting the non-horizontal surface and the horizontal surface; a gate insulating film formed in at least a part of the step; and a gate electrode formed on the gate insulating film, wherein the entirety or a part of the gate insulating film is formed of a silicon oxynitride film that contains a rare gas element at a area density of 1010 cm?2 or more in at least a part of the silicon oxynitride film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to SiC nanostructures, including SiC nanopowder, SiC nanowires, and composites of SiC nanopowder and nanowires, which can be used as catalyst supports in membrane electrode assemblies and in fuel cells. The present invention also relates to composite catalyst supports comprising nanopowder and one or more inorganic nanowires for a membrane electrode assembly.

Abstract: An RF switch useable up to millimeter wave frequencies and higher frequencies of 30 GHz and above. Four embodiments of the invention are configured as ground switches. Two of the ground switch embodiments are configured with a planar air bridge. Both of these embodiments are configured so that the bridge length is shortened between the transmission line and ground by introducing grounded stops. The other two ground switch embodiments include an elevated metal seesaw. In these embodiments, a shortened path to ground is provided with relatively low inductance by proper sizing and positioning of the seesaw structure. Lastly, broadband power switch embodiment is configured to utilize only a small portion of the air bridge to carry the signal. The relatively short path length results in a relatively low inductance and resistance lowers the RF power loss of the switch, thereby increasing the RF power handling capability of the switch.

Abstract: In general, those who are right in front of each other can share actual world events that are generated in the same working space. For example, when an audio or a light of a wave form pattern is generated, by recognizing such an actual world event, both communication apparatuses share the actual world event. Also, a shock wave generated when one communication apparatus is hit with the other is shared by both. One of the communication partners searches a network for a communication partner who is right in front with the actual world event as a clue. Thus, it is possible to perform data communications with a communication partner whose location in the actual world is clear, such as being right in front, but whose identification information in the communication medium is unknown.

Abstract: A portable terminal includes a receiver, a barcode former configured to form barcodes and a display. The barcode former forms a barcode from the data received by the receiver and the display displays the formed barcode.

Abstract: A display driving circuit comprising a video signal transformation circuit, a reference voltage generating circuit, a DAC and an interpolation operational amplifier is provided. The video signal transformation circuit transforms an input video signal into a transformed video signal with a higher bit depth. The transformed video signal comprises an upper n bits data and a lower m bits data, wherein n+m equals a bit depth of the transformed video signal. The reference voltage generating circuit generates reference voltages. The DAC selects a first reference voltage and a second reference voltage to interpolation operational amplifier from the reference voltages according to an upper n bits data of the transformed video signal. The interpolation operational amplifier outputs a driving voltage to display device according to the first reference voltage, the second reference voltage and the lower m bits data of the transformed video signal.

Abstract: In a network device such as a network switch having a port coupled to a communications medium dedicated to a single virtual local area network and another port coupled to a communications medium shared among multiple virtual local area networks for transmitting data frames between the dedicated communications medium and the shared communications medium, a method of identifying the virtual network associated with each data frame received by the network switch when transmitting the data frames over the shared communications medium. The method comprises receiving data frames from the dedicated communications medium coupled to one port, and, with respect to each data frame so received, inserting a new type field and a virtual network identifier field. The contents of the new type field indicate the data frame comprises a virtual network identifier field.

Abstract: An agricultural row unit includes an attachment frame adapted to be rigidly connected to a towing frame. A linkage assembly is pivotably coupled to the attachment frame to permit vertical pivoting movement of the linkage assembly relative to the attachment frame. A hydraulic cylinder is coupled to the linkage assembly for urging the linkage assembly downwardly toward the soil. A hose connection manifold is mounted adjacent to the hydraulic cylinder for circulating hydraulic fluid between a hydraulic source and the hydraulic cylinder. The hose connection manifold has a plurality of ports including an inlet port, an outlet port, and a valve port, the inlet port being adapted to receive an inlet hose, the outlet port being adapted to receive an outlet hose, and the valve port being adapted to receive an end of a hydraulic control valve.

Abstract: An implement has at least a first plow share in front, provided with an anti-rollback mechanism, and at least a second plow share in the rear, with another anti-rollback mechanism. The plow shares are interconnected by alternate approaching and distancing mechanisms. A telematic control unit based on a computer system that is assisted by a global positioning system, autonomously guides movement of the implement. A steering system formed by an oscillating support can rotate in a plane perpendicular to the advancement direction of the implement and lifts one of the plow shares in relation to the ground and moves it laterally. A power supply system using renewable energy or internal or external combustion engines is mounted on the implement.

Abstract: A downforce controller for an agricultural implement having a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder is configured to be coupled to an agricultural row unit and an agricultural toolbar for transmitting a net downforce between the agricultural toolbar and the agricultural row unit. A first pressure in a first chamber of the cylinder and a second pressure in a second chamber of the cylinder have counteracting effects on the net downforce. A manifold coupled to the cylinder is in fluid communication with the first chamber. A pressure control valve coupled to the manifold is in fluid communication with the manifold and the first chamber.

Abstract: A particulate material delivery system is provided that allows for variable rate sectional control while delivering particulate material to an agricultural field. The system may include an air cart and a drill that are towable behind a tractor and that includes a metering system receiving product from the air cart and delivering the product to the drill for distribution to the ground, such as an agricultural field. The metering system includes multiple metering units that receive separate portions of the product from the air cart. Multiple prime movers drive the multiple metering units. A controller is connected to and individually controls the multiple prime movers such that distribution rates of the multiple metering units can be varied independently of each other.

Abstract: A fertilizer system includes a supply vessel pressurized by anhydrous ammonia vapor. The fertilizer passes through a heat exchanger. Cooled fertilizer passes through a flow meter, an on/off valve and to a variable orifice distribution assembly body. A cage with axially elongated cage slots is press fit in a body bore with each slot aligned with an outlet port. Each port is connected to a soil knife by a conduit line. A piston with axially elongated piston slots is axially slidable in the cage. Each piston slot is moved axially in the cage to cooperate with a cage slot. An actuator moves the piston to a position that blocks flow through the piston slots and positions in which fertilizer flows through each piston slot and portions of each cage slot in communication with a piston slot. Vapor pressure in the supply vessel moves fertilizer to the knife opener.

Abstract: The application is generally directed towards a drop nozzle for an agricultural sprayer. The drop nozzle can be used to reduce spray drift as liquids are deposited by the sprayer. The drop nozzle includes a valve assembly including a shutoff valve, a tube operably connected to the valve assembly, and an airfoil connected to the tube. The shutoff valve selectively prevents fluid flow from the valve assembly to the tube and the airfoil directs airflow around one or more portions of the drop nozzle.

Abstract: An adverse terrain vegetation cutting apparatus articulates to conform to adverse surface conditions. Upon detecting instability the apparatus may automatically rotate to a more stable position. The apparatus includes a spiral flail line storage head.

Abstract: A rotary cutter for a brush cutter includes a head main body having a cord guide hole and a pressure member having a cord inserting guide hole formed to radially penetrate through the pressure member. The pressure member is operable between a first state in which the cord inserting guide hole of the pressure member is aligned with the cord guide hole of the head main body so that a cutting cord is insertable into the head main body; a second state in which the pressure member is pushed inwardly of the head main body from the first state; and a third state in which the pressure member is rotated with respect to the head main body from the second state so that the inserted cutting cord is made into a bent state.

Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatus for monitoring yield while harvesting. In one embodiment a mass flow rate sensor measures the mass flow rate of the harvested grain. A weight sensor measures the weight of the harvested grain. The measured mass flow rate is correlated with the weight of the harvested grain. Processing circuitry calculates any error in the measured mass flow rate using the measured weight. The calculated error is used to correct any inaccuracy in the measured mass flow rate.

Abstract: A mower drive wheel incorporating an edging plate including a number of different blade edge profiles for assisting in edging various types and thicknesses of grass or turf. The drive wheel can be reconfigured so that a one piece edging plate is replaced by a plurality of individually attachable blades. A modified walk behind powered mower is also disclosed and which integrates an adjustment mechanism for modifying a rotary turning speed of the edging drive wheel. A secondary drive wheel disconnect linkage is included and the main blade housing of the mower can also exhibit a widened profile to facilitate vacuum intake of the edging debris.

Abstract: Improved headers of a combine harvester are disclosed. The headers include structure in the form of upper and lower infeed conveyors which cooperate to maintain compressive contact with a flow of crop material that is being conveyed by the belts to the header outlet regardless of the flow characteristics of the mat of material being conveyed. The result is a consistent flow of crop material being passed through the header which results in more efficient harvester operation and more productive crop yield.

Abstract: A harvesting machine includes a frame carrying at least one harvesting mechanism and a lightening device of the harvesting mechanism. The lightening device includes second hydraulic jacks articulated on the frame and on the harvesting mechanism and connected by hydraulic circuits to first hydraulic jacks so as to be able to be actuated by the first hydraulic jacks and to hydropneumatic accumulators.

Abstract: An articulated harvesting head load sensor arrangement is provided that includes two harvesting head sections (102, 104, 106) that are coupled with a first pivot pin (162) that is a load pin.

Abstract: A pre-cutter tine has a relatively wide working face which is pitched or canted relative to a plane extending vertically to an axis of rotation of a pre-cutter rotor carrying a plurality of the tines arranged helically about the axis. The pitched working face of adjacent tines acts to support the crop being cut as the pitched working faces advance the crop toward the pre-cutter knives which are spaced such that the working faces of adjacent tines pass on opposite sides of a given knife. The working faces of the tines may be pitched such as to cause the engaged crop to be conveyed inwardly as well as to the rear by the tines.

Abstract: A cutting tool includes a first and a second element having a handle in a first end and a cutting element in a second end. A spring element is arranged between the first and second element to move the handles away from each other, and an adjustment mechanism sets a maximum opening angle for the handles. The adjustment mechanism includes a groove in a side surface of the first element, an adjustment ring is arranged to a side surface of the second element, and a shaft which is rotatably arranged to protrude through a hole in the second element, a first end of the shaft engaging the engagement surface of the adjustment ring and a second end of the shaft having an eccentric part protruding into the groove in the first element.

Abstract: Methods of treating agricultural fruit crops of the genus Musa having a mother plant and an adjoined offspring, or daughter plant, involve implanting at least one nutrient component into a pseudo stem of the mother plant after harvesting fruit from the mother plant. The nutrients implanted into the pseudo stem of the mother plant after harvesting are then available to the daughter plant more efficiently than nutrients applied to the soil.

Abstract: A linear irrigation system includes a linear irrigator movable in a first direction along a path of travel and including plural towers supporting a truss assembly extending laterally in a direction substantially perpendicular to the path of travel. The truss assembly carries a plurality of sprinklers connected to a water supply pipe. A plurality of hydrants are spaced along the water supply pipe, each hydrant having a valve, and a pair of laterally adjacent trolleys are mounted on an elongated frame for movement in two opposite directions, each trolley having a docking station and hydrant valve actuator, the docking stations resiliently suspended from said trolleys for movement in at least three mutually perpendicular directions and adapted to engage and disengage, successively, the plurality of hydrants on the supply pipe extending below and between the pair of trolleys. The trolleys and docking stations may be carried on a mobile cart or incorporated into the linear irrigator.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide an interface unit interfacing with an irrigation controller, comprising: a housing; a controller configured to instruct an interruption of a watering schedule executed by the irrigation controller, the interruption based on one or both of sensed temperature and sensed rainfall amount, and based on one or both of user entered temperature and rainfall threshold parameters; a switching device coupled with the controller, and configured to cause the interruption in response to signaling from the controller; and a user interface comprising: a plurality of user input devices configured to provide signaling to the controller based upon user's engagement, and configured to allow the user to define the temperature and rainfall threshold parameters; and a user display comprising a display screen; wherein the controller is configured to cause the display screen to display a plurality of pictorial representations that in combination convey whether irrigation is being interrupted.

Abstract: Ancillary embodiments and modifications to a homogenizer unit (“PPH”), and methods of use directed to hydroponics. The apparatus includes a homogenizer body, one or more nutrient stream inlets, one or more water inlets, a mixing zone where the water stream is commingled with the nutrient stream, and a venturi within the body immediately downstream from the mixing zone such that the commingled streams are pulled into the venturi resulting in homogenization. The PPH components are insulated to maintain the aqueous nutrient solution at a cooled, below ambient temperature. Because the prepared aqueous nutrient solution is cooled, it may also have oxygen and/or nitrogen gas dissolved therein (e.g., introduced into one of the streams introduced into the PPH). The resulting aqueous nutrient solution can be conveyed in its cooled state to roots of hydroponically grown plants to provide nutrients for the growth of the plants.

Abstract: A cultivation system made up of multiple units, with each unit having an upper root compartment, a lower solution compartment, and a base. A growing solution is conducted into each unit via a supply conduit in the base and sprayed into the root compartment, after which it is drained into the solution compartment and then into drain conduits in the base.

Abstract: A wheat variety designated XW10V, the plants and seeds of wheat variety XW10V, methods for producing a wheat plant produced by crossing the variety XW10V with another wheat plant, and hybrid wheat seeds and plants produced by crossing the variety XW10V with another wheat line or plant, and the creation of variants by mutagenesis or transformation of variety XW10V. This invention also relates to methods for producing other wheat varieties or breeding lines derived from wheat variety XW10V and to wheat varieties or breeding lines produced by those methods.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated PH1M52 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PH1M52 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PH1M52 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PH1M52 or a locus conversion of PH1M52 with another maize variety.

Abstract: A novel soybean variety, designated XB55Y12 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XB55Y12, cells from soybean variety XB55Y12, plants of soybean XB55Y12, and plant parts of soybean variety XB55Y12. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XB55Y12 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic trait, a mutant trait, and/or a native trait into soybean variety XB55Y12, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XB55Y12, and methods of characterizing soybean variety XB55Y12. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XB55Y12 are further provided.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated X13D043 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X13D043 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X13D043 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X13D043, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X13D043. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X13D043.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated X13D093 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X13D093 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X13D093 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X13D093, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X13D093. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X13D093.

Abstract: A wheat variety designated W040082H1, the plants and seeds of wheat variety W040082H1, methods for producing a wheat plant produced by crossing the variety W040082H1 with another wheat plant, and hybrid wheat seeds and plants produced by crossing the variety W040082H1 with another wheat line or plant, and the creation of variants by mutagenesis or transformation of variety W040082H1. This invention also relates to methods for producing other wheat varieties or breeding lines derived from wheat variety W040082H1 and to wheat varieties or breeding lines produced by those methods.

Abstract: A wheat variety designated W010425E1, the plants and seeds of wheat variety W010425E1, methods for producing a wheat plant produced by crossing the variety W010425E1 with another wheat plant, and hybrid wheat seeds and plants produced by crossing the variety W010425E1 with another wheat line or plant, and the creation of variants by mutagenesis or transformation of variety W010425E1. This invention also relates to methods for producing other wheat varieties or breeding lines derived from wheat variety W010425E1 and to wheat varieties or breeding lines produced by those methods.

Abstract: A novel sorghum variety designated PHOO3VQKT and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a plant that comprise crossing sorghum variety PHOO3VQKT with another plant. Methods for producing a plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PHOO3VQKT through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the sorghum seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid sorghum seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the sorghum variety PHOO3VQKT or a locus conversion of PHOO3VQKT with another sorghum variety.

Abstract: A novel sorghum variety designated PHAAOZVKE and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a plant that comprise crossing sorghum variety PHAAOZVKE with another plant. Methods for producing a plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PHAAOZVKE through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the sorghum seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid sorghum seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the sorghum variety PHAAOZVKE or a locus conversion of PHAAOZVKE with another sorghum variety.

Abstract: A novel sorghum variety designated PHAOUMBKT and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a plant that comprise crossing sorghum variety PHAOUMBKT with another plant. Methods for producing a plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PHAOUMBKT through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the sorghum seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid sorghum seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the sorghum variety PHAOUMBKT or a locus conversion of PHAOUMBKT with another sorghum variety.

Abstract: A wheat variety designated W030578B1, the plants and seeds of wheat variety W030578B1, methods for producing a wheat plant produced by crossing the variety W030578B1 with another wheat plant, and hybrid wheat seeds and plants produced by crossing the variety W030578B1 with another wheat line or plant, and the creation of variants by mutagenesis or transformation of variety W030578B1. This invention also relates to methods for producing other wheat varieties or breeding lines derived from wheat variety W030578B1 and to wheat varieties or breeding lines produced by those methods.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated X95D076 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X95D076 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X95D076 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X95D076, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X95D076. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X95D076.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated X85D237 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X85D237 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X85D237 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X85D237, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X85D237. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X85D237.

Abstract: Non-dehiscent sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) (IND) designated Sesaco 37 (S37) is herein disclosed. Its degree of shatter resistance, or seed retention, makes S37 suitable for mechanized harvesting and for selection for sesame crop growth in most geographical locations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Lactuca sativa seed designated 79-02 RZ, which exhibits slow bolting, resistance to downy mildew (Bremia lactucae), and currant-lettuce aphid (Nasonovia ribisnigri), as well as leaves which are crisp, deeply-incised, nicely-frilled, and have a medium red colored apical margin. The present invention also relates to a Lactuca sativa plant produced by growing the 79-02 RZ seed. The invention further relates to methods for producing the lettuce cultivar, represented by lettuce variety 79-02 RZ.

Abstract: The present invention relates to plants of a lettuce variety NUN 09060 LT (referred to as “MULTIGREEN 60”) and, seeds and progeny thereof. The invention further relates to methods for producing a lettuce plant by traditional breeding methods. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for producing a lettuce plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions of matter and a method of manufacturing that may be used to create animal litter that detects health conditions with feline animals. For example, feline urine detection may be performed by color generation when a feline animal urinates on the litter composition. The color generation properties of the litter may be used to indicate diabetic conditions, and urinary tract infections. The litter may be highly absorbent and efficient for waste removal purposes.

Abstract: The elevating and adjustable pet feeding and water bowl is a feeding and watering station for pets. The elevating and adjustable pet feeding and water bowl is a system for raising and lowering bowls from ground level to counter level, which is helpful for pet owners with physical limitations.

Abstract: An animal feed mechanism includes a manually operated slide valve interposed between a set of upper agitators and a set of lower screw conveyors. In some examples, two upper agitators are installed within a plastic funnel, and two lower screw conveyors are disposed within a metal auger housing. Each screw conveyor includes an auger driven by its own separate motor. Thus, there are two motors for rotating the two augers. The two motors can be energized individually to selectively rotate either auger or to rotate them concurrently. In some examples, a transmission coupling the two augers to the two agitators conveys power to rotate both agitators regardless of whether either one or both motor driven augers are operating.

Abstract: A leash that allows any individual to control a pulling dog without risking injury or walking in an unsafe manner. The disclosed leash maximizes body mechanics and basic pulley/lever principles to achieve more strength. The leash comprises a cuff that preferably wraps around a user's arm above the elbow. Attached to the cuff are a few feet of leash material that freely runs through an O-ring and ends in a handle. Attached to the O-ring are another few feet of leash ending with a clip that can go to a dog collar. When the dog pulls, the user pulls the handle. The resulting force goes through the O-ring, which acts as a pulley and on to the arm cuff and back of the arm, utilizing stronger shoulder and back muscles. Therefore the user is able to pull back with a lot more force than is obtainable with a typical leash.

Abstract: Methods of reef construction are disclosed that include exposing a man-made scaffold to environmental conditions such that bivalve organisms grow on the man-made scaffold for a duration sufficient to create a scaffold having two generations of bivalve attachment. Certain methods involve moving the biologically accreted scaffold to a second location to serve as a reef or breakwater after substantial growth of bivalve organisms has occurred.

Abstract: Transgenes encoding exogenous antibodies are stably integrated into donor cells and are present in the somatic tissue of chimeric birds. The transgenes encode exogenous antibodies and are preferably expressed in the oviduct for collection in the egg. Tissue specificity is provided by selecting the content of the transgene accordingly. Birds whose genome is comprised of transgene-derived exogenous antibody-encoding DNA express exogenous antibodies having desirable chemical properties with increased therapeutic utility compared to antibodies derived from bacterial expression systems.

Abstract: A hydrodynamic body for a fish lure rotates in the water causing the bait hook attached to the rear of the body to mimic the movements of a prey animal. The rotational motion is created by a combination of fins and wing design of the body. The body has a nose up configuration when the fish is not on the hook. When a fish takes the hook the drag caused by the fish causes the body to ‘trip’ from a nose up position to a horizontal position thereby tensioning the lure line so that the fish cannot escape the hook.