Abstract: The invention relates to methods and systems of converting electrical energy to chemical energy and optionally reconverting it to produce electricity as required. In preferred embodiments the source of electrical energy is at least partially from renewable source. The present invention allows for convenient energy conversion and generation without the atmospheric release of CO2. One method for producing methane comprises electrolysis of water to form hydrogen and oxygen, and using the hydrogen to hydrogenate carbon dioxide to form methane. It preferred to use the heat produced in the hydrogenation reaction to heat the water prior to electrolysis. The preferred electrical energy source for the electrolysis is a renewable energy source such as solar, wind, tidal, wave, hydro or geothermal energy. The method allows to store the energy gained at times of low demand in the form of methane which can be stored and used to generate more energy during times of high energy demand.

Abstract: In one aspect, a gasification system for use with low rank fuel is provided The system includes a pyrolysis unit positioned to receive a feed of low rank fuel, the pyrolysis unit being configured to pyrolyze the low rank fuel to produce pyrolysis gas and fixed carbon. The system also includes a gasifier configured to produce a syngas stream using the received fixed carbon, a cooler configured to receive and cool the syngas stream, and a first conduit coupled between the cooler and the pyrolysis unit. The first conduit is configured to recycle at least a portion of the syngas stream to the pyrolysis unit such that the recycled syngas stream is mixed with the pyrolysis gas to produce a hydrocarbon-rich syngas stream containing gasification by-products. The system also includes a by-product recovery system coupled to the pyrolysis unit for removing the gasification by-products from the hydrocarbon- rich syngas stream.

Abstract: Hydrogen production process and apparatus using a combined stream of gas turbine exhaust from a gas turbine and combustion air from forced draft fan as combustion oxidant in a steam reforming furnace. A valve assembly for providing draft air is included to quickly provide additional combustion air to the reformer furnace when the gas turbine unexpectedly shuts down.

Abstract: A de-icing system for a gas turbine engine according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a forward assembly and a rear assembly adjacent to the forward assembly. One of the forward assembly and the rear assembly is rotatable relative to the other to generate an amount of air friction between said forward and rear assemblies.

Abstract: A device for protecting aircraft equipment against contact by a foreign object including an interference arrangement disposed in an air inlet upstream from the aircraft equipment where the interference arrangement is configured to physically obstruct passage of the foreign object within the air inlet.

Abstract: A combustor cap for a combustor chamber of a combustion system is provided. The combustor cap includes a plate member including: a plurality of openings for accommodating a plurality of fuel nozzles of the combustion system; a cooling passage extending through a plane of the plate member; an entrance opening to the cooling passage; and an exit opening from the cooling passage to a side of the plate member opposite to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A component according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a first wall, a second wall and at least one row of shaped pedestals extending between the first wall and the second wall. The at least one row of shaped pedestals includes a first set of C-shaped pedestals and a second set of C-shaped pedestals adjacent to the first set of C-shaped pedestals.

Abstract: A fairing sub-assembly 88 for a turbine frame comprises an inner ring 50, an outer ring 48 and a plurality of strut-shells. The inner ring is formed of a plurality of inner segments 82. The outer ring is formed of a plurality of outer segments 80. The plurality of strut-shells 84, 86 connecting the inner ring 48 and the outer ring 50. In another embodiment, the fairing sub-assembly comprises an inner band 45 joining the plurality of inner segments 82 and the plurality of strut-shells 86 to form outer slots, and an outer band 44 joining the plurality of outer segments 80 and the plurality of strut-shells 86 to form inner slots. A method of assembling a fairing 46 comprises inserting the aforementioned fairing sub-assembly 38 into an aft end of a turbine frame 42, inserting a plurality of forward strut-shells 84 into the outer and inner slots at a forward end of the turbine frame 42, and joining the forward strut-shells 84 to the fairing sub-assembly 88.

Abstract: A fuel dosing device for a fuel injector of an aircraft turbomachine, including an opening, a movable member for sealing the opening, and elastic return, with the member able to be displaced under the effect of the fuel pressure. The device includes a first outlet communicating with a primary circuit of the injector as well as a second outlet communicating with a secondary circuit. In addition, it is designed such that up to a defined level of displacement of the sealing member, the latter allows the fuel coming from the opening to reach the first outlet and, only beyond the defined level of displacement, the member allows the fuel coming from the opening to reach the second outlet.

Abstract: A self-purge system includes an additively manufactured purge valve assembly in communication with a fuel passage to selectively purge the fuel passage.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an acoustic liner for a gas turbine engine including an acoustic structure for the absorption of acoustic excitation and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is able to exchange heat across the acoustic structure.

Abstract: An accessory gearbox mounting assembly includes a gearbox bracket engaged to a case bracket mounted on an engine case. The case bracket includes a first boss receivable within a first cavity of the engine case and a locator opening through the first boss. The gearbox bracket is mountable to a gearbox case and includes a pin receivable within the locator opening for transferring load from the gearbox bracket to the case bracket.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine comprises a fan drive turbine for driving a gear reduction. The gear reduction drives a fan rotor. A lubrication system supplies oil to the gear reduction. The lubrication system includes a lubricant pump supplying a mixed air and oil to a deaerator inlet. The deaerator includes a separator that for separating oil, and delivering separated air to an air outlet, and for delivering separated oil back into an oil tank. The separator includes a member having lubricant flow paths on both of two opposed sides. A method of designing a gas turbine engine is also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling a fluid based engineering system are disclosed. The systems and methods may include a model processor for generating a model output, the model processor including a set state module for setting dynamic states of the model processor, the dynamic states input to an open loop model based on the model operating mode. The system may include a control law for directing the actuator as a function of a model output and for determining if the control device is operating with deteriorated conditions. The model processor may further include an estimate state module for determining an estimated state of the model based on a prior state model output and the current state model of an open loop model.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling a fluid based engineering system are disclosed. The systems and methods may include a model processor for generating a model output, the model processor including a set state module for setting dynamic states of the model processor, the dynamic states input to an open loop model based on the model operating mode, wherein the open loop model generates a current state model as a function of the dynamic states and the model input, wherein a constraint on the current state model is based a series of cycle synthesis modules, each member of the series of cycle synthesis modules modeling a component of a cycle of the control system and including a series of utilities, the utilities are based on mathematical abstractions of physical properties associated with the component.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine includes a bypass flowpath between an outer engine case structure and a core engine. The bypass flow exits the engine through a nozzle. A flow control device that can expand or contract is arranged around the nozzle to control the bypass flow and includes a plurality of overlapping arcuate segments. A method of controlling a bypass flow includes providing a flow control device with overlapping segments that defines a bypass flow path, and actuating the segments to change the amount of overlap between segments and therefore the size of the bypass flow path.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling operation of an engine in an aircraft. A time when a cutoff speed for the aircraft will be reached at which a flow of fuel is to be stopped is identified. A delay between sending a command to move a switch to an off position and the time at which the engine ceases operation is also identified. The command is sent based on the predicted time and the delay. The command causes the switch to move to the off position moving a fuel control switch for the engine of the aircraft to a shut off position to stop the flow of fuel to the engine.

Abstract: A metering device for an engine fuel feed circuit, the device including a metering valve, and a pressure regulator device maintaining a constant pressure difference from downstream to upstream across the metering valve, wherein the metering valve includes a seat provided with an inlet orifice and an outlet orifice, a shutter arranged within the seat, and an actuator controlling the position of the shutter, and wherein, between the inlet orifice and the outlet orifice the shutter defines a passage of minimum section that is variable as a function of the position of the shutter along a stroke extending between a bottom abutment and a top abutment and passing via a threshold position.

Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus of an internal combustion engine, which can appropriately control the amount of fuel injection from an in-cylinder injection valve so as to achieve a desired air-fuel ratio, regardless of the operating state of the internal combustion engine, is provided. The fuel injection control apparatus comprises: an additional injection means which, when determining that the operating state of the internal combustion engine is a transient state, allows the in-cylinder injection valve to inject a fuel amount conformed to a changing intake air amount; and a subtraction means for subtracting a minimum fuel amount, injectable from the in-cylinder injection valve, from a fuel amount to be injected, before injection by the additional injection means is performed.

Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus of an internal combustion engine, capable of controlling the amount of fuel, which is injected from a cylinder injection valve (second fuel injection valve), with high accuracy even when its amount is small, regardless of the operating state of the internal combustion engine, is provided. The fuel injection control device has a fuel pressure adjustment means which, when the injection form of the internal combustion engine is changed, adjusts the working state of a high pressure supply pump such that the amount of fuel injection from the second fuel injection valve stabilizes, before changing the working state of the high pressure supply pump in accordance with the injection form.

Abstract: An engine fuel supply apparatus includes: a fuel chamber provided in a carburetor; a first communication passage for opening the interior of the fuel chamber to the atmosphere; a second communication passage for communicating the interior of the fuel chamber with the interior of a Venturi section; and a passage switching section capable of switching between the first and second communication passages and mechanically connected to the main switch so that it can operate in response to the main switch shifting between an ignition position and a stop position. The passage switching section switches the second communication passage to the first communication passage in response to the main switch shifting from the stop position to the ignition position and switches the first communication passage to the second communication passage in response to the main switch shifting from the ignition position to the stop position.

Abstract: The present invention is equipped with: a valve opening/closing timing control mechanism that sets the opening/closing timing of an exhaust valve; and a lock mechanism that holds the rotation phase of the valve opening/closing timing control mechanism in a first lock phase, in which the open state of the exhaust valve is maintained when the intake valve opens.

Abstract: The system is applied to an engine (M) having an injection system (10), a fuel feed line (30) and a cooling system (CS), by means of a cooling fluid which circulates, through hot fluid ducts (61a, 61b) and cold fluid ducts (62a, 62b), through the engine (M) and through a heat exchanger (60). The feed line (30) comprises: a first segment (31), connected to the injection system (10) and provided with a first valve (33), to be closed when the fuel temperature is below a maximum value, and open when the fuel temperature reaches the maximum value; and a second segment (32) derived from the first and absorbing thermal energy from the hot fluid duct (61a, 61b) or from the combustion gases and provided with a second valve (34) which remains open while the fuel temperature is lower than the maximum value, and which is closed when said temperature reaches the maximum value.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for regulating, monitoring and controlling fuel distribution in a fuel system. Some embodiments provide systems and methods for regulating fuel distribution in an alternative fuel system, such as a natural gas vehicle fuel system. The fuel distribution may be regulated mechanically, electronically, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the fuel distribution can be regulated by a regulator for high pressure operation with a bypass path for low pressure operation.

Abstract: A cycle-by-cycle skip-fire fuel-injection technique for pilot-ignited engines involve skip-firing selected combustion chambers when a low load condition is determined and modulating the fuel delivery to maintain the requisite engine power, while reducing pilot fuel quantity to a predetermined minimum. Overall pilot fuel consumption is thereby reduced.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus includes a condition determination section that determines whether or not an execution permission condition to permit coasting of a vehicle is satisfied, a first control section that causes the vehicle to shift to a first inertia running state by stopping the engine and disengaging the clutch device when the execution permission condition is determined to be satisfied, an auxiliary drive request determination section that determines whether or not an auxiliary drive request to drive the auxiliary has occurred, and a second control section that causes the vehicle to shift to a second inertia running state by starting the engine keeping the clutch device disengaged when the auxiliary drive request is determined to have occurred while the vehicle is running in the first inertia running state.

Abstract: System for controlling emissions of an engine is disclosed. The system includes a controller to determine one or more aging parameters of the engine, and to control one or more operating parameters of the engine, at least, based on the one or more aging parameters, such that the emissions from the engine are maintained to be substantially constant during a useful life of the engine. Method and non-transitory computer readable media for controlling emissions of an engine are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for evaluating presence of fuel shifts in an engine. In one example, a method comprises indicating a fuel shift based on a time delay of an exhaust gas sensor during an entry into and an exit out of deceleration fuel shut off (DFSO).

Abstract: This control device for an internal combustion engine is equipped with: an air/fuel ratio sensor provided to the exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine; and an engine control device that controls the internal combustion engine according to the output of the air/fuel ratio sensor. The air/fuel ratio sensor is equipped with: a gas chamber to be measured, into which exhaust gas flows; a pump cell that pumps oxygen into or out of the gas chamber to be measured according to the pump current; and a reference cell of which the reference cell output current detected varies according to the air/fuel ratio inside the gas chamber to be measured. The reference cell is equipped with: a first electrode that is exposed to the exhaust gas in the gas chamber to be measured; a second electrode exposed to a reference atmosphere; and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the electrodes.

Abstract: This control device for an internal combustion engine is equipped with: an air/fuel ratio sensor; and an engine control device that controls the internal combustion engine according to the output of the air/fuel ratio sensor. The air/fuel ratio sensor is configured so that the applied voltage at which the output current reaches zero varies according to the exhaust air/fuel ratio, and the output current increases if the applied voltage is increased at the air/fuel ratio sensor when the exhaust air/fuel ratio is the stoichiometric air/fuel ratio.

Abstract: A method for producing a soot sensor is provided. The method includes steps of applying a contiguous metallic layer on an electrically insulating substrate and structuring the metal coating with a laser beam by vaporizing areas of the metallic layer. At least two interlaced contiguous electrically conductive structures are produced. The electrically conductive structures are spatially separated from one another with the laser beam and are electrically insulated from one another such that the conductive structures substantially extend next to one another and close to one another in an area relative to a total length thereof. A soot sensor produced using such a method is also provided. The soot sensor has an electrically insulating substrate and at least two contiguous electrically conductive structures which are spatially separated from one another and are interlaced as structured metallic layers. An intermediate space between the conductive structures is burned free with a laser.

Abstract: A control device for an internal combustion engine, equipped with: an exhaust purification catalyst capable of storing oxygen; a downstream-side air-fuel ratio sensor arranged downstream in the direction of flow of exhaust from the exhaust purification catalyst; and an air-fuel ratio control device that controls the air-fuel ratio such that air-fuel ratio of the exhaust flowing into the exhaust purification catalyst reaches a target air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: A method for correcting injection behavior of a fuel injector includes calculating a nominal value of a fuel injector family characteristic for an average fuel injector from a family of fuel injectors as a multi-variable function of engine operating conditions, calculating a corrected value of the fuel injector family characteristic as a function of the nominal value, and employing the corrected value when actuating the fuel injector to inject fuel.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine in a cold start operation includes: operation of at least one first cylinder and at least one second cylinder of the internal combustion engine using air-fuel mixtures having different air-fuel ratios to introduce unburned fuel and fresh air into an exhaust tract section, so that an exothermic secondary reaction takes place in an exhaust aftertreatment component; and individual adjustment of an amount of fresh air supplied for each of the at least one first and at least one second cylinders to adjust their torque contributions to one another.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is configured to operate in a homogeneous-charge compression-ignition combustion mode. Operation of the engine includes determining a combustion pressure parameter for each cylinder. Fueling for each cylinder is controlled responsive to a target state for the combustion pressure parameter for the corresponding cylinder. An end-of-injection timing and a corresponding spark ignition timing for each cylinder are controlled responsive to a target mass-burn-fraction point for an engine operating point.

Abstract: A method and system delivers a cryogenically stored fuel in a gaseous state into the air intake system of a gaseous fuelled internal combustion engine. The method involves measuring the pressure in the vapor space of the cryogenic storage vessel, comparing the measured pressure to a required fuel supply pressure and supplying fuel in gaseous state directly from the vapor space of the cryogenic storage vessel to the fuel delivery line that supplies fuel to the engine, when the pressure measured in the vapor space of the cryogenic storage vessel is equal to or higher than the required fuel supply pressure. The method further involves activating a cryogenic pump to deliver fuel to the internal combustion engine from the liquid space of the cryogenic storage vessel when the measured pressure in the vapor space is lower than the required fuel supply pressure.

Abstract: A control apparatus (100) controls a diesel engine (10). A glow plug (32) which can detect cylinder pressure is provided on the engine (10). An ECU (70) computes a parameter related to a change in cylinder pressure obtained from the glow plug (32). The ECU (70) controls fuel injection timing such that the parameter falls within a target range when combustion in the engine (10) is switched from premixed combustion to diffusion combustion.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, and method are disclosed for controlling a fuel injector using multipulse fuel injection. According to at least one aspect of the present disclosure, the system includes a fuel sequence controller configured for use with a fuel injector having an injector configuration modeled by a body pressure characteristic that includes a rail pressure and an injection rate shape, where the fuel sequence controller is structured to determine an estimate of the injected fuel quantity delivered from the fuel injector at the determined body pressure characteristic.

Abstract: A cylinder bore wall insulating member has a contact surface that comes in contact with a wall surface of a cylinder bore wall that forms a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine and defines a groove-like coolant passage, the contact surface being formed of an elastomer or a resin material, and the ratio ((actual area of contact/formation area of contact surface)×100) of the actual area of contact to the formation area of the contact surface being 1 to 50%. The cylinder bore wall insulating member can be easily fitted into the groove-like coolant passage.

Abstract: A design for a piston engine, cylinder block, and piston is provided. The cylinder block includes a cylinder wall defining at least one cylinder bore for receiving the piston disposed therein. A combustion chamber disposed within the cylinder bore is defined by the piston and the cylinder wall. The combustion chamber has a non-circular cross-section and the cylinder wall includes a first pair of opposing faces and a second pair of opposing faces that converge at rounded intersections. A pair of opposing fuel injectors extend through the cylinder block to the cylinder bore. The pair of opposing fuel injectors are positioned along the second pair of opposing faces of the cylinder wall such that the pair of opposing fuel injectors spray converging fuel plumes into the combustion chamber to reduce air/fuel stratification across the non-circular cross-section of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An engine unit includes an engine body, a crankshaft, and an oil tank. The engine body includes a cylinder unit and a crankcase. The crankshaft is accommodated in the crankcase and extends in the horizontal or substantially horizontal direction. The oil tank is located at a lateral portion of the engine body. The oil tank includes a tank body, a first component, and a second component. The first component is separate from the tank body and is joined to the tank body. The second component is separate from the tank body and is joined to the tank body. A first joint surface between the tank body and the first component extends in a direction different from that of a second joint surface between the tank body and the second component.

Abstract: An engine unit for a vehicle includes an engine body, an oil tank, and a power transmission shaft. The engine body includes a cylinder unit and a crankcase. The oil tank is disposed horizontally or substantially horizontally with respect to the engine body. The power transmission shaft includes a crankshaft supported by the crankcase. The power transmission shaft at least partially overlaps with the oil tank in a side view of the engine unit. The power transmission shaft extends from the engine body to a position beyond the oil tank in an axial direction of the crankshaft.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a vehicle body and an engine unit. The engine unit is installed on the vehicle body. The engine unit includes a crankshaft, an engine body, an oil tank, and an oil path. The crankshaft extends in a horizontal or substantially horizontal direction. The engine body includes a crankcase, a cylinder unit, and a head cover. The crankcase supports the crankshaft. The cylinder unit is disposed over the crankcase. The head cover is disposed over the cylinder unit. The oil tank is disposed rearward of the engine body. The oil path communicates with a space inside the head cover and is at least partially integral with the oil tank.

Abstract: A thermodynamic machine (1) of a Stirling type, the machine comprising an expansion chamber (5), a compression in chamber (6), a regenerator (12) disposed between the expansion and compression chambers; a first heat exchanger (13) in communication with the expansion chamber and the regenerator; a second heat exchanger (14) in communication with the compression chamber and the regenerator; a first bypass conduit (15) connecting the expansion chamber with the regenerator bypassing the first heat exchanger; a second bypass conduit (16) connecting the compression chamber with the regenerator bypassing the second heat exchanger; at least a pair valves (18, 20, 22, 24), one valve (18, 20) provided between the expansion chamber and the first heat exchanger and/or between the regenerator and the first heat exchanger and/or in the first bypass conduit between the expansion chamber and the regenerator; and the other valve (22, 24) provided between the compression chamber and the second heat exchanger and/or between the

Abstract: An engine system has a gas generator, a bi-fi wall surrounding at least a portion of the gas generator, a casing surrounding a fan, and the casing having first and second thrust reverser doors which in a deployed position abut each other and the bi-fi wall.

Abstract: A method for introducing a gaseous fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine includes forming a non-ignitable mixture of the gaseous fuel and a gas including oxygen in a predefined mixture mass ratio within a predetermined range of tolerance having a pressure suitable for directly introducing the non-ignitable mixture into the combustion chamber during at least the compression stroke; and introducing the non-ignitable mixture directly into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A fluid switching device (1) for a valve having at least three ports, the device (1) comprising: a flap (10) capable of pivoting between a first position in which it blocks a first port (9) and a second position in which it blocks a second port (11), an actuating member (2) for actuating the flap (10), capable of moving the flap (10) from one blocking position to the other, the device (1) comprising an interface part (12) capable of interacting with the actuating member (2), the device (1) being configured in such a way that this interaction selectively allows the flap (10) to be moved by the actuating member (2) and selectively allows the flap (10) to be held in position, the actuating member (2) moving the flap (10) via a guide path (14) provided in the interface part (12).

Abstract: Systems and methods for increasing EGR gas temperature for an engine that includes at least one dedicated EGR cylinder. The dedicated EGR cylinder may provide exhaust gas to engine cylinders and the exhaust gas does not include exhaust gases from cylinders other than the dedicated EGR cylinder. The dedicated EGR cylinder may allow the engine to operate at higher EGR dilution levels.

Abstract: A fluid switching device (1), in particular for a valve having at least three ports, the device (1) comprising: a flap (10) capable of pivoting between a first position in which it blocks a first port (9) and a second position in which it blocks a second port (11), an actuating member (12, 13, 40) for actuating the flap (10), capable of moving the flap (10) from one blocking position to the other, the device (1) comprising an interface part (18, 25) capable of interacting with the actuating member (12, 13, 40), the device being configured in such a way that this interaction selectively allows the flap (10) to be moved by the actuating member (12, 13, 40) and selectively allows the flap (10) to be held in position, the actuating member (12, 13, 40) comprising a mobile part (12, 13) and defining a guide path guiding the interface part (18, 25) when the flap (10) moves, due to the movement of the mobile part (12, 13).

Abstract: An abnormality sensing device for an evaporation fuel purge system is equipped with a purge passage that connects a canister to an intake passage of an internal combustion engine, a purge pump, a purge control valve, and a valve component that closes and opens the purge passage at a target passage including at least a first purge passage defined between the purge control valve and the intake passage. An abnormality determining portion detects a physical quantity relevant to a pressure change in the target passage in a determination possible state where the purge control valve allows the evaporation fuel to flow through the first purge passage and where the valve component prohibits the evaporation fuel from being supplied to the intake passage.