Abstract: A tool box includes a box with a base and a cover. A positioning member is located in the reception recess of the base and has multiple insertion holes. Each insertion hole is cooperated with a bit type indication which is light permeable. A back-light plate is located between the inside of the reception recess and the positioning member. A light source is located on one of sidewalls of the reception recess. The back-light plate changes paths of light beams generated from the light source toward the bit type indications so that the bit type indications are illuminated when the cover is opened.

Abstract: The temperature of a vaporizing device, e.g., the temperature of a heating element of the vaporizing device, may be controlled according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The vaporizing device may comprise a heating element, a power source, at least one sensor in electronic communication with the heating element and the power source, and a processor configured to control the temperature of the heating element. The method of controlling the temperature may comprise receiving a resistance measurement of the heating element from the at least one sensor, determining the temperature of the heating element based on the resistance measurement, and adjusting the amount of power supplied to the heating element based on the determined temperature of the heating element.

Abstract: Aqueous working fluid (WF) steam generation system including: pressure vessel containing heat exchanger; enclosed combustion air (CA) chamber; burner; another heat exchanger outside pressure vessel; and WF conduit. Heat exchanger includes first: enclosed WF chamber having WF input and output apertures (IOA); and enclosed CA passageway communicating with CAIOA and passing through enclosed WF chamber. Enclosed CA chamber includes second: enclosed WF chamber having WFIOA; and enclosed CA passageway communicating with CAIOA. Burner is connected to second CA input aperture. Another heat exchanger includes third: enclosed WF chamber having WFIOA; and enclosed CA passageway communicating with CAIOA. WF conduit connects third WF output aperture to second WF input aperture. Second WF output aperture is connected to first WF input aperture; and second CA output aperture is connected to first CA input aperture; and first CA output aperture is connected to third CA input aperture.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a system for determining scaling in a boiler. At least one sensor may monitor a boiler during operation and provide sensor data to a boiler monitoring module including a boiler scaling determination module that may determine an amount of scaling in the boiler. Example sensor data may comprise power input, a temperature of liquid in the boiler and an air temperature within an enclosure housing the boiler. The boiler monitoring module may determine thermal energy transfer to the boiler based on the liquid and enclosure temperatures. A machine learning engine may determine a rate of thermal energy transfer to the liquid in view of the power input, the rate of thermal energy transfer being evaluated by the machine learning engine to identify delay in the rate of thermal energy transfer that quantifies an amount of scaling in the boiler.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed that may include providing a dual fuel burner in a superheater truck to burn wellhead gas produced from a wellhead in a first fuel burner and burn at least one of methane, ethane, propane, butane, gasoline, diesel, liquified natural gas (LNG), natural gas liquids (NGLs), and wellhead gas in a second fuel burner to heat water and/or other chemicals used in hydrocarbon production and/or well completion processes, including, but not limited to hydraulic fracturing (fracking). The first fuel burner may be integrated with the second fuel burner such that fuel rail fingers of the first fuel burner are interstitially spaced with fuel rail fingers of the second fuel burner. The first fuel burner and the second fuel burner may be operated independently from each other. The first fuel burner and the second fuel burner may alternatively be operated simultaneously with each other.

Abstract: Problem to be Solved To provide a waste gasification melting apparatus which, even if a fuel gas is used as an alternative to a part of the coke, the temperature of the coke bed can be sufficiently raised, and a method using the same. Solution A waste gasification melting apparatus including an oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 for blowing oxygen rich air into a tuyere 5, and a fuel gas supply apparatus 15 for supplying a fuel gas to the tuyere 5, and a controller 16 for controlling the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14; the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 mixing air and oxygen to prepare oxygen rich air and supply the oxygen rich air to the tuyere 5; and the controller 16 controlling the amount of air to be mixed and the amount of oxygen to be mixed in the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 so as to give an oxygen concentration of the oxygen rich air in accordance with the amount of fuel gas supplied to the tuyere 5 from the fuel gas supply apparatus 15.

Abstract: There is provided a process for operating a coal-fired furnace to generate heat. The process has the steps of a) providing the coal to the furnace and b) combusting the coal in the presence of a first slag-reducing ingredient and a second slag-reducing ingredient in amounts effective to reduce slag formation in the furnace. The first slag-reducing ingredient and the second slag-reducing ingredient are different substances. The first slag-reducing ingredient is selected from the group consisting of magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate, and combinations thereof. The second slag-reducing ingredient is selected from the group consisting of copper acetate, copper nitrate, aluminum nitrate, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, and ammonium phosphate. There is also provided a method for reducing slag formation in a coal-fired furnace.

Abstract: An exhaust structure for a combustion apparatus includes a combustion apparatus, an exhaust tube, an exhaust pipe, an exhaust adapter, and a fixing member. The exhaust tube is connected to the combustion apparatus at the one end portion. A part of the exhaust tube on a side of the other end portion is inserted into the exhaust pipe. The exhaust adapter has an annular shape surrounding a through hole, and is attached to an outer circumferential surface of the exhaust tube and to an inner circumferential surface of the exhaust pipe by inserting the exhaust tube into the through hole. The fixing member is formed of an elastic body, attached to the exhaust pipe at a position close to the combustion apparatus relative to the exhaust adapter, and fixes the exhaust tube to the exhaust pipe while being attached to the outer circumferential surface of the exhaust tube.

Abstract: A method of installing an exhaust tube is implemented by inserting an exhaust tube into an exhaust pipe that leads from inside of a building to outside thereof. A support portion of an insertion jig is introduced into a through hole from a side of one end portion of the exhaust tube, and a projection of the support portion is engaged with a recess of the exhaust tube, so that the insertion jig is fixed to the exhaust tube. An end of the exhaust tube on the side of the one end portion having the insertion jig fixed thereto is inserted into the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust tube is pushed from inside of the building to outside thereof.

Abstract: The combustion and flue gas treatment system includes a furnace for combusting a fuel with an oxidizer generating a flue gas, ducting for the flue gas connected to a NOx removal unit and a SOx removal unit, and a recirculation line for recirculating a part of the flue gas back to the furnace. The SOx removal unit is located upstream of the NOx removal unit with reference to the flue gas flow. The recirculation line is connected to the ducting downstream the SOx removal unit.

Abstract: A water heater heats water with a combustion gas. An exhaust tube includes one end portion and the other end portion, is connected to the water heater at one end portion, and inside thereof is defined as an emission path for the combustion gas. An exhaust pipe is greater in outer diameter than the exhaust tube, and a part of the exhaust tube on a side of the other end portion is introduced in the inside thereof. An exhaust terminal is attached to an end portion of the exhaust pipe and has an exhaust port for exhausting the combustion gas to the outside. An exhaust straightening member is attached to the other end portion of the exhaust tube and has an opening portion for allowing the combustion gas to flow out toward the exhaust port.

Abstract: A cylinder of a combustor includes a cylinder body inside of which combustion gas flows, a jacket plate that covers the cylinder body from the outside and forms a fluid space into which high-pressure fluid flows between an inner peripheral surface of the jacket plate and an outer peripheral surface of the cylinder body, and a rib that connects the cylinder body and the jacket plate. The rib is connected to the cylinder body by a cylinder side end portion on the cylinder body side in a radial direction with respect to an axis of the cylinder body being welded from both sides in an axial direction of the axis. The rib is connected to the jacket plate by a jacket side end portion on the jacket plate side in the radial direction being welded from both sides in the axial direction.

Abstract: A combustor for a gas turbomachine includes a combustor body, and a combustor liner arranged in the combustor body and defining a combustion chamber extending from a head end to a combustor discharge. The combustor liner is spaced from the combustor body forming a compressor discharge casing (CDC) airflow passage. At least one nozzle is arranged at the head end of the combustor liner. The at least one nozzle includes an outlet configured and disposed to establish a flame zone. At least one recirculation member is arranged at the head end of the combustor liner. The at least one recirculation member is configured and disposed to guide oxygen-depleted combustion products from the flame zone back to the outlet of the at least one nozzle.

Abstract: A combustor with a liner where each of the walls has a respective circumferential row of dilution holes defined therethrough adjacent a junction between the primary zone and the dilution zone. In the primary zone, the inner surface of each of the walls is covered by at least one heat shield attached thereto and spaced apart therefrom to allow air circulation between the inner surface and the at least one heat shield, the walls each having a plurality of cooling holes defined therethrough having a smaller diameter than that of the dilution holes. In the dilution zone, the inner surface of each of the walls is free of heat shields, and the walls each have a plurality of effusion cooling holes defined therethrough and having a smaller diameter than that of the dilution holes.

Abstract: A heat shield for a combustor of a gas turbine engine includes an outer edge surface with an outlet of an edge cooling passage, the edge cooling passage oriented to direct cooling air generally upstream relative to a combustion gas flow.

Abstract: A combustor cap assembly includes an impingement plate coupled to an annular shroud and a cap plate which is coupled to the impingement plate to form an impingement air plenum therebetween. The combustor cap assembly further includes a flow conditioning plate coupled to a forward end portion of the shroud. The flow conditioning plate includes an inner band portion, an outer band portion and an annular portion. The annular portion defines a plurality of flow conditioning passages. The inner band portion at least partially defines a cooling air plenum within the combustor cap assembly. The inner band portion defines an exhaust channel which is in fluid communication with the impingement air plenum and an exhaust outlet. The flow conditioning plate further defines a cooling air passage which provides for cooling air flow into the cooling air plenum.

Abstract: A combustor cap assembly includes an impingement plate coupled to an annular shroud and a cap plate which is coupled to the impingement plate and forms an impingement air plenum therebetween. The cap assembly further includes a flow conditioning plate which is coupled to a forward end portion of the shroud. The flow conditioning plate includes an inner band portion, an outer band portion and an annular portion which extends radially therebetween. The annular portion includes upstream side, a downstream side and a plurality of flow conditioning passages which provide for fluid communication through the upstream and downstream sides. The inner band portion of the flow conditioning plate at least partially defines an exhaust channel. The exhaust channel is in fluid communication with the impingement air plenum and an exhaust outlet. The exhaust outlet is positioned to route cooling air from the impingement air plenum into an annular flow passage defined within a combustor.

Abstract: A combustor cap assembly includes an annular shroud and an impingement plate coupled to the shroud. The impingement plate at least partially defines a plurality of impingement cooling holes and a cooling flow return passage. A cap plate is coupled to the impingement plate. The cap plate includes an impingement side which faces a second side portion of the impingement plate where the impingement side is axially spaced from the second side portion to define an impingement air plenum therebetween. The cooling flow return passage is in fluid communication with the impingement air plenum. A fluid conduit extends from a first side portion of the impingement plate towards a first end portion of the shroud. The fluid conduit is in fluid communication with the cooling flow return passage and provides for fluid communication out of the impingement air plenum.

Abstract: A heating system includes a heating device having an interior and exterior, via which the interior of the heating device can be seen, when the device is installed for its operation, a safety screen configured to prevent access to the exterior of the heating device from a direction opposite to its interior, and a safety screen mounting system. The screen is made of a single sheet of flexible mesh material and is stretchable along its length. The mounting system includes two lateral mounting arrangements configured for fixed attachment of the sheet's side edges to the heating device at locations adjacent the lateral areas of the exterior of the heating device in such a manner that, during the attachment, the sheet is stretched in the direction along its length.

Abstract: Exhaust capture and containment are enhanced by means of automatic or manual side skirts, a sensitive breach detector based on interference effects, a combination of vertical and horizontal edge jets, and/or corner jets that are directed to the center diagonally from corners. Associated control functions are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a piece of kitchen furniture having a useful surface area and at least one functional element arranged above the useful surface area. The functional element is arranged on a support member, wherein the support member comprises a pole attached to the piece of kitchen furniture and an arm adjoining the pole. The invention further relates to a piece of kitchen furniture having a useful surface area and at least one functional element arranged above the useful surface area, wherein the functional element is arranged on a support member, wherein the support member has a stem arranged on the piece of furniture within the useful surface area, the upper end of which extends above the useful surface area.

Abstract: A water heating system includes a first water heater having a first heating source of a first type, and a second water heater having a second heating source of a second type. The system further includes a valve having a first interface connected to the cold water source, a second interface connected to the first cold water inlet of the first water heater, a third interface connected to a second hot water outlet of the second water heater, and a fourth interface connected to the first hot water outlet of the first water heater. A motor positions the valve to one of at least three positions Finally, the system also includes a control circuit including a temperature sensor near the first hot water outlet of the first water heater, and a controller configured to control the motor based on a sensed temperature by the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A hydronic distribution system includes self-regulating valves networked together and operable to share valve temperature and valve position information with a microprocessor or other type of controller. The microprocessor runs one or more algorithms that process the temperatures and positions of the valves and then computes a desired speed for one or more variable speed pumps within the system. Controlling the pumps to operate at the desired speed and still maintain the correct amount of process fluid flow needed by the system reduces the overall energy use of the hydronic distribution system, saves on the operational lives of the pumps, and increases system efficiency.

Abstract: A gas-side pipe (70) is provided with a header body (71a) extending vertically along a side end portion (32a) of an indoor heat exchanger (32), a vertical tube portion (74) facing the header body (71 a), and a bent tube portion (73) connecting a lower end portion of the header body (71 a) and a lower end portion of the vertical tube portion (74) together. Part of a liquid-side pipe (80) is provided in a space (S1) between the header body (71a), the vertical tube portion (74), and the bent tube portion (73).

Abstract: The present invention provides an outdoor unit including: a housing; an air blower that is disposed at an upper part of the housing to supply air from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing; a heat exchanger that is disposed on a side of the housing; and electric components that are disposed on a side of the housing. A rotational axis of the air blower is inclined towards the heat exchanger side relative to the vertical direction of the housing, and an end of the air blower on a sucking side is disposed at a position overlapped with the electric components in the height direction.

Abstract: A liquid to air membrane energy exchanger (LAMEE) can be used as part of a heating and cooling system to transfer heat and moisture between a liquid desiccant and an air stream to condition the temperature and humidity of the air flowing through the LAMEE. The membrane can be a non-porous film having selective permeability for water, but not for other constituents that form the liquid desiccant. The non-porous membrane can allow for use of liquid desiccants, such as glycols, that had been previously determined to be unacceptable or undesirable in these types of applications. In an example, the membrane can be an ion-exchange membrane or pervaporation membrane.

Abstract: In an adsorption operation in which the adsorption agent adsorbs water, air in a vehicle compartment flows into an adsorption agent module after being cooled by passing around a heat sink. On the other hand, in a desorption operation in which the water is desorbed from the adsorption agent, the air in the vehicle compartment flows into the adsorption agent module to be humidified without being heated or cooled, and humidified air is cooled by passing around the heat sink and blown into the vehicle compartment. Accordingly, a temperature of the humidified air can be prevented from increasing unnecessarily by a simple configuration with which the air in the vehicle compartment is cooled in the heat sink.

Abstract: Method of making and using a non-toxic food grade plastic humidifier and a kit of components. The method includes the steps of: introducing distilled water into an all natural membrane device; placing a dried product in an external sealable container; mounting the humidifier in the container; maintaining the humidifier inside the container until the product is moist enough for the liking of the user; removing the humidifier from the container; air drying the humidifier; and repeating the above steps as desired.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods of generating 70 (seventy) CFM (cubic feet per minute) from ventilation fans for bathrooms with flush mount lights and having the motor partially inside and beneath the blower wheel. A one piece or multipiece housing for the bath fan can be attached to joists in the ceiling by a long telescoping mounting bracket, and a short telescoping mounting bracket that are each directly mounted on opposite outer side walls of the housing. A decorative pan about the light can have vents that receive the incoming air into the fan, which is exhausted therefrom by the motor driven blower.

Abstract: A ventilation control device is a device for setting a ventilation path in an object space of wind flowing in/out through a plurality of openings between the object space and the outside of the building. The plurality of openings is disposed in a building. An air conditioner performs air-conditioning in the building. The ventilation control device includes: a ventilation-path setting unit; and an output unit. The ventilation-path setting unit sets the ventilation path so that a ventilation path in the object space, in a state in which the air conditioner operates, differs from a path of wind sent from the air conditioner. The output unit outputs path information indicating the ventilation path set by the ventilation-path setting unit.

Abstract: An air conditioning management device is configured to manage air-conditioning in a building. The air conditioning management device includes a storage unit, a selecting unit, and an execution unit. The storage unit is configured to store a first control content and a second control content. The first control content corresponds to a first scene in which no person is active in a specific space inside the building. The second control content corresponds to a second scene in which a person is active in the specific space. The execution unit is configured to execute an operational mode of operating the air conditioning adjustment system according to the first control content when the first scene is selected. The execution unit is configured to execute a notification mode of making a notification unit such as a display device report the second control content when the second scene is selected.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system control apparatus capable of, even for a room in which a humidity sensor is not installed, accurately estimating an indoor humidity and preventing an indoor temperature and humidity from deviating from comfortable ranges. The air-conditioning system control apparatus includes a thermal characteristic parameter setting unit configured to determine a thermal characteristic parameter of a building thermal model based on a heat equation, a humidity characteristic parameter setting unit configured to determine a humidity characteristic parameter of a building humidity model based on a moisture balance equation in an air-conditioned space, and a control data generation unit configured to generate control data of an air-conditioning apparatus so that a temperature and a humidity of the air-conditioned space are each within a preset range.

Abstract: A method and a temperature adjustment apparatus of adjusting an indoor temperature includes: predicting an temperature change pattern of a first rate time zone that is reached after an operation of a Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system, based on an indoor temperature change pattern extracted from information stored; predicting a power consumption of the HVAC system based on the predicted temperature change pattern; and scheduling a discharging power quantity of an Energy Storage System (ESS) battery based on the predicted power consumption of the HVAC system in the first rate time zone, which is reached after the operation. The temperature adjustment method and the apparatus may schedule a discharging power quantity of the ESS battery in consideration of power consumption predicted by the temperature adjustment apparatus, external environmental factors, and characteristics of the ESS battery, thereby optimizing the rate reduction effect.

Abstract: A method of controlling a comfort device having at least one effector capable of meeting the demand of at least a user, the method includes establishing at least one zone in which at least one service of a comfort device is provided; associating the at least one effector of the comfort device with the least one zone; determining the presence of the at least one user in the at least one zone; and controlling the comfort device to meet the demand of the at least one user.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlling a temperature based on scheduling of an indoor temperature are provided. The apparatus obtains set temperature history information of an air handling unit from previously stored information. The set temperature history information is mapped to weather factor history information about at least one weather factor. The apparatus also obtains weather factor information regarding a scheduling target time. Based on the obtained set temperature history information and the obtained weather factor information, the apparatus schedules a set temperature of the air handling unit with regard to the scheduling target time.

Abstract: A user-friendly programmable thermostat is described that includes a circular body having a large central display surrounded by a ring that can be rotated an pressed inward by a user so as to receive user input in a simple elegant fashion. Different colors can be displayed to the user to indicate currently active HVAC functions, and different shades of colors can be displayed to a user to indicate an estimated amount of time and/or energy for reaching a target temperature. The thermostat is wall mountable and is made up of a head unit removeably mounted to a backplate. A locking mechanism can be provided so as to increase security against unauthorized removal of the head unit. The backplate can be adapted to be mounted on a wall so as to be level, for example by including a bubble level on the backplate. One or more vents are preferably located on the sides of the body, such as in a gap beneath the translatably mounted ring, and/or in a gap between the head unit and the backplate.

Abstract: A load control system may control an electrical load in a space of a building based on one or more parameters regarding the physical condition of an occupant. The parameters may be biometric parameters of an occupant that may be gathered by one or more sensing devices. The sensing devices may be included in a mobile device. A system controller may receive the parameters and may automatically control the electrical loads in response to the parameters. The system controller may control the electrical load to attempt to adjust the physical condition of the occupant in response to the sensed parameters. The system controller may control the electrical load to provide an alert, an alarm, and/or a warning in response to the sensed parameters.

Abstract: An energy recovery ventilator includes first and second blowers, a pressure transducer and a controller. The first blower is configured to direct a first air stream into a first zone of an enclosure. A second blower configured to direct a second air stream into a second zone of the enclosure. A pressure transducer is configured to determine internal air pressure within the enclosure. A controller is configured to control the first blower and/or the second blower in response to the internal air pressure.

Abstract: A method for controlling air volume including: 1) inputting a target air volume into a microprocessor control unit of a motor controller; 2) starting a motor by the motor controller and allowing the motor to work in a steady state under a rotational speed; 3) recording the torque and rotational speed in the steady state, establishing a functional relation formula Q=F (T, n, V) for calculating the air volume, and calculating an air volume in the steady state; 4) comparing the target air volume with the calculated air volume; 5) re-recording a steady torque after the motor falls on a new steady state under an increased or reduced rotational speed, and recalculating the air volume in the new steady state; and 6) repeating steps 4) and 5) to adjust the rotational speed until the calculated air volume is equal or equivalent to the target air volume.

Abstract: A thermostat is described that includes a rechargeable battery, a graphical user interface and a wireless network communication capabilities. During installation, in cases where the rechargeable battery is below a first threshold, the installation procedure is limited so as to avoid energy intensive installation steps which may not be supported by the low battery level. An example of an installation step that is avoided due to low battery level is set up of wireless communication. According to some embodiments, if the battery level is very low during initial installation, the installation process is halted while the battery is charged. An indication such as a flashing LED may be displayed so as to indicate to the user that the battery is being charged.

Abstract: An energy management system having a centralized site controller is provided with thermostats in multiple zones, each thermostat having the capability of acting as a remote terminal to the controller. Each thermostat provides an interface to the site controller while simultaneously acting as the thermostat for each zone. The thermostat displays information concerning the state of the building's lighting and HVAC systems for any zone and allows the local user to initiate local overrides of set points. The central site controller determines how many thermostats are enabled with a terminal mode, including the full extent of their read and write permissions on other zones. The override requests are received by the central controller and merged with the settings for the current control algorithms. After a preconfigured time, the central controller reinstates the current control algorithm.

Abstract: Method and apparatus provide for cooling a system. For example, a network communication system may include a central processing unit (CPU) and a fan controller. A chassis includes a plurality of receiving portions, each portion configured to receive a field replaceable unit (FRU). The chassis may also include a fan and a temperature sensor. The system CPU is configured to load a plurality of environmental profiles into fan controller memory, each profile indicating a fan speed for the fan based on a temperature reading from the temperature sensor. The fan controller is to determine a first configuration of the network communication device as to which FRUs are installed in the chassis and to select an environmental profile from the fan controller memory to use based on the determined first configuration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for heating a fluid (2), comprising a heating body (4) having a through passageway (6, 8) for the fluid and provided with at least one groove (14) on its outer surface; at least one electrical resistance (24) housed in the at least one groove (14) of the heating body. The device further comprises at least one closure plate (20) of the at least one groove (14) overlying the at least one resistance (24).

Abstract: The invention relates to a fastening element for fastening solar modules to an inclined roof surface, including a base plate for fastening to a roof membrane of the roof surface or to a mounting rail supported on the roof membrane, at least one hook extending from the base plate for hanging a first frame of a first solar module, wherein the first frame in order to be hung is moved relative to the hook along a hanging direction, and a supporting wall extending opposite the hook from the base plate for supporting a second frame of a second solar module, wherein the supporting wall runs approximately perpendicularly to the hanging direction.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method and apparatus to use the kinetic energy available in a liquid flow to produce hydrodynamic cavitation, which, in turn, drives the hydrosonic cavitation simultaneously with sufficient efficiency and capacity to transfer the entire energy of the flow to the liquid as heat and/or another cavitation effect, thus producing physical and chemicals reactions at the molecular and atomic level.

Abstract: A cooling system for a subterranean power line may include a cooling tube configured to house a fluid. Heat generated by the subterranean power line may be radiated and/or conducted to the cooling tube and absorbed by the fluid within the cooling tube. As the fluid heats up, it may change phase from a liquid to a gas. The hot gas may rise to a heat-exchanging condenser configured to dissipate the heat and condense the fluid back into a liquid. The cool, condensed liquid my return from the heat-exchanging condenser to the cooling tube. Risers, gas transport tubes, pressure regulation systems, fluid storage tanks, and other components described herein may increase the efficiency of the cooling system and/or otherwise improve the viability of the cooling system for subterranean power lines.

Abstract: A refrigerating cycle apparatus includes an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, a feeding channel, a main circuit that circulates a refrigerant including fluid whose saturated vapor pressure at ordinary temperature is a negative pressure as a main component, a heat absorption circuit including a heat absorption heat exchanger, a heat release circuit including a heat release heat exchanger, an internal heat exchanger that allows indirect heat exchange between the fluid flowing through the heat absorption circuit and the fluid flowing through the heat release circuit, at least one of a heat absorption bypass channel and a heat release bypass channel, and at least one of a flow rate adjustment mechanism for heat absorption that adjusts a flow rate of the fluid flowing through the heat absorption bypass channel and a flow rate adjustment mechanism for heat release that adjusts a flow rate of the fluid flowing through the heat release bypass channel.

Abstract: A chiller system is provided. The chiller system may include a plurality of chillers, each of which may include a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator, and a controller that controls the plurality of chillers. The controller may determine an expected load and a chiller to be operated of the plurality of chillers on the basis of the determined expected load to operate the determined chiller.

Abstract: A refrigeration method reduces compressor energy usage in a hydrocarbon refrigeration system by incorporating a distillation/adsorption cycle. The method and related systems can use waste or other heat sources to replace a portion of the mechanical energy of the compression cycle in a novel process scheme easily adapted to either new or existing refrigeration systems. The present hybrid vapor compression-adsorption cycle combines both the refrigerant and adsorption medium in the compression cycle and separates these components using conventional multi-stage distillation to then separate them for the refrigeration and adsorption cycles.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to an energy efficient thermal protection assembly. The thermal protection assembly can comprise three or more thermoelectric unit layers capable of active use of the Peltier effect; and at least one capacitance spacer block suitable for storing heat and providing a delayed thermal reaction time of the assembly. The capacitance spacer block is thermally connected between the thermoelectric unit layers. The present disclosure further relates to a thermoelectric transport and storage devices for transporting or storing temperature sensitive goods, for example, vaccines, chemicals, biologicals, and other temperature sensitive goods. The transport or storage device can be configured and provide on-board energy storage for sustaining, for multiple days, at a constant-temperature, with an acceptable temperature variation band.