Abstract: A hand carryable surface cleaning apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a main body housing a suction motor. An air treatment member has an assembly air inlet provided at the upper end of the assembly. The assembly is removably mounted to the main body as a sealed unit.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture for portable coil cleaning and vacuum systems are provided.

Abstract: The vacuum cleaner includes: a vacuum cleaner main body including a suction device generating a suction force; a nozzle assembly connected with the main body and configured to suction air by the suction force of the suction device; a connector configured to connect the nozzle assembly with the main body and rotatably coupled to the nozzle assembly; and a locking unit which locks the main body to maintain a state in which the main body is erect and which unlocks the main body in the locked state by a rotation of the main body.

Abstract: A dust collector includes a first dust storing unit to collect dust firstly-separated from air by a first cyclone, a second dust storing unit to collect fine dust secondly-separated from the air by second cyclones located above the first cyclone, a lower cover part coupled to a first dust container to form a bottom surface of the first dust storing unit and the second dust storing unit, and rotatable about a hinge to simultaneously open the first and second dust storing units, such that the dust and the fine dust are simultaneously discharged, and a compression device rotatably connected to the lower cover part so as to rotate in a reciprocating manner to compress the dust collected in the first dust storing unit.

Abstract: A dust collector for a vacuum cleaner disclosed herein includes a first cyclone to primarily separate dust from air introduced from a lower portion thereof with containing foreign materials and discharge the separated dust into the first dust storing unit, a second cyclone extending in an intersecting direction with an extending direction of the first cyclone and configured to secondarily separate fine dust from the air introduced from the first cyclone and discharge the separated fine dust into a second dust storing unit, and a lower cover defining a bottom surface of the first dust storing unit, the second dust storing unit and the first cyclone and coupled to the first dust storing unit by a hinge such that the foreign materials collected in the first dust storing unit, the second dust storing unit and the first cyclone are discharged upon being open.

Abstract: A loading apparatus lowers or raises a dust or particulate collection container for ease of extraction and installation. This apparatus is disposed within a rigid frame structure capable of mounting to a wall or mobile device. A U-shaped member supports the dust collection container, the container typically being a cylindrical bucket or container with integral rim or handles. The U-shaped member orthogonally translates up into a first position and down into a second position with activation of a user initiated lever. The mechanics of the apparatus effects linear vertical travel of the dust collection container and when in a first position, mates the rim of the container onto a compliant gasket member disposed within the rigid frame structure, thus forming a vacuum-tight interface necessary for vacuum systems, in particular but not limited to, dust collection vacuum systems that utilize a cyclone dust separator.

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner includes a cleaner main body and a brush-less direct current (BLDC) motor that generates a suction force. A suction unit is in communication with the cleaner main body and sucks air and dust, and a battery provides power for the motor. An inverter supplies power of the battery to the motor, and a controller controls an operation of the motor. The controller determines a status of a floor and controls an operation of the motor based on the determined status of the floor.

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner includes: a cleaner main body including a motor for generating a suction force; a suction unit that is in communication with the cleaner main body and sucks air and dust; a battery that supplies power to the motor; a battery management system (BMS) that detects a status of the battery; and a controller that controls an operation of the suction motor, wherein the controller determines a time of stopping the suction motor based on a voltage detected by the BMS.

Abstract: A floor cleaning device includes a sensing module, a driving module, a sweeping module and a processing module. When the floor cleaning device moves into a signal area defined within a floor surface by an emitter signal emitted from a signal terminal, the sensing module outputs a sensing signal to the processing module while receiving the emitter signal from the signal terminal. The processing module activates, in response to receipt of the sensing signal, the sweeping module to gather dirt particles from the floor surface, and controls the driving module to operate in a multi-moving mode in such a way that a housing of the floor cleaning device is driven by the driving module to move within the signal area until a duration counting from initial receipt of the sensing signal reaches a cleaning time period.

Abstract: This invention relates to a broom including an elongate handle attached at one end to a head, a plurality of bristles attached to the head on a different side from the handle, and an auxiliary tool portion configured for use in any one or more of the group selected from scraping, cutting and scooping. The auxiliary tool portion is removably attached to the head and/or handle by means of a quick-release mechanism. The quick release mechanism may include a lever, skewer and stop, and the lever having a cam. The auxiliary tool portion may project forwardly from the broom and/or downwardly having a substantially rigid lower edge.

Abstract: A disinfection cap is provided with a cap main body and a wiping body held by the cap main body. The cap main body includes a cap side locking section that prevents pullout of the cap main body by engagement with a medical connector side locking section. The wiping body includes an impregnation section impregnated with an antiseptic solution and is movable with respect to the cap main body so as to wipe at least the surface of a top face wall, the inner peripheral face of an opening of the top face wall, or the surface of a valve body in a male connector connection section of a medical connector with the impregnation section with the cap side locking section engaged with the medical connector side locking section.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating a dishwasher (1) in the form of a batch dishwasher, which has a treatment chamber (2) for accommodating washware to be cleaned. Provision is made, during an adsorption phase, for air to be conducted out of the treatment chamber (2) through a sorption unit (41), which contains a reversibly dehydratable dry material, in such a way that the dry material absorbs moisture from the air stream, wherein the air is then returned to the treatment chamber (2). Provision is further made, during a desorption phase, for the dry material of the sorption unit (41) to be heated in such a way that moisture is desorbed from the dry material as steam. During the desorption phase, the sorption unit (41) is subjected to forced ventilation only to such an extent that recondensation of desorbed steam in the sorption unit (41) itself is effectively prevented.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cutlery basket having a first basket component and a second basket component and a handle, wherein the first and second basket components are adapted to be arranged in a serial and a parallel configuration, wherein one or more components may be provided for locking the first and second basket components in a serial and a parallel configuration and the one or more components for locking the basket components in a serial and parallel configuration may be formed by or include the handle.

Abstract: A flexible tube for an endoscope, containing: a tubular flexible tube substrate material having a flexibility; and a resin layer covering the flexible tube substrate material, in which the resin layer is adhered to the flexible tube substrate material with an adhesive hardened, the adhesive hardened contains an ester-based polyurethane resin, which is a hardened resin of an adhesive for an endoscope, and the adhesive for an endoscope contains an ester-based urethane polymer having a structure represented by a specific formula.

Abstract: Borescopes and related methods. In some embodiments, a medical borescope system may comprise a medical borescope comprising a tube comprising a first tube end and a second tube end opposite from the first tube end; a light source positioned adjacent to the first tube end and configured to generate light at the first tube end; an image sensor positioned adjacent to the first tube end. The system may further comprise a data communication link coupled with the image sensor and a dongle comprising an image processor configured to receive image data from the image sensor that is removably coupleable with the medical borescope such that the dongle can be coupled with a plurality of distinct medical borescopes. The dongle may be configured to at least one of receive and detect borescope-specific parameter data from the medical borescope, wherein the borescope-specific parameter data comprises data unique to the medical borescope.

Abstract: There is provided an endoscope which can perform non-contact electric power supply and non-contact signal transmission and of which assembly, repair, and maintenance can be easily performed. A power receiving unit, an image signal transmission unit, and an endoscope side signal transmission and reception unit are disposed in the space (hollow structure) of a first connector of an endoscope. The first connector of the endoscope includes a first connector case and a second connector case disposed in order from a side of the second connector, and a division line between the first and second connector cases includes an inclined portion that is inclined with respect to an insertion direction of the first and second connectors.

Abstract: There are provided an endoscope system capable of suppressing an increase in the size of a first connector of an endoscope and of performing non-contact electric power supply and non-contact signal transmission, an endoscope, and an endoscope connector. A power receiving unit and a power supply unit are disposed opposite to each other along an insertion direction of first and second connectors, and an image signal transmission unit and an image signal receiving unit are disposed opposite to each other along the insertion direction of the first and second connectors. A first circuit board is disposed on the opposite side to the power supply unit with respect to the power receiving unit so as to partially overlap the power receiving unit in the insertion direction. The power receiving unit and the image signal transmission unit are disposed so as not to overlap each other in the insertion direction.

Abstract: A gas and liquid supply system for an endoscope comprises a first gas flow channel having a first end configured for connection to a gas supply source and a second end arranged to supply gas to the distal tip of an endoscope. A second gas flow channel is provided having a first end in fluid connection with and extending from the first gas flow channel between the first and second ends of the first gas flow channel and an opposing distal end. A liquid supply channel is also provided. A connector is arranged for connecting the first end of the liquid flow channel to a liquid source. The connector comprises a first connection port configured for connection to an end of the liquid supply channel, and a liquid source connection channel in fluid connection with the first port for connecting the first port to a liquid supply. A second connection port is arranged for connection to the distal end of the second gas flow channel.

Abstract: There is provided an endoscope apparatus which can achieve the improvement of operability with a simple configuration related to the operation of a forceps elevator. The endoscope includes: a forceps elevator which is erectably provided at the distal end part of an operation part that is provided to the insertion part, in an erecting motion range from the minimum angular position to the maximum angular position, and which guides a treatment tool led out from the distal end part; and a locking mechanism which locks the movement of the forceps elevator. An amount of force for locking the movement of the forceps elevator may be varied depending on a direction of that movement and a position of the forceps elevator.

Abstract: There is provided an endoscope apparatus which can notify an operator whether or not a forceps elevator is in a reclined state by simple and inexpensive means. The endoscope includes: a forceps elevator which is erectably provided at the distal end part of an operation part that is provided to the insertion part. The forceps elevator has an erecting motion range from a minimum angular position to a maximum angular position. The operation part includes an index which is shielded by the erecting operation member when the forceps elevator is in the minimum angular position, and which is exposed when the forceps elevator is in a position in which the forceps elevator is erected from the minimum angular position.

Abstract: A reinforced arthroscope comprising external ribs to provide for a number of separate fluid channels, such as inflow, outflow and interstitial tissue drainage, when the arthroscope is slipped into a disposable external sheath. The arthroscope is constructed to be sufficiently rigid so as to penetrate and move within a joint without damaging the rod optics inside. The externality of the arthroscope channels allow for cleaning and sterilizing the scope between uses.

Abstract: Systems and methods couple a self-contained air processing or conveying component to a sheath that is sized and configured to receive a laparoscope including a laparoscopic lens providing visualization of an operating cavity. The air processing or conveying component comprises an air flow path having an inlet sized and configured for communication with a source of CO2 and an outlet. The air processing or conveying component includes a driven air moving component in communication with the air flow path sized and configured to continuously convey CO2 from the source through the air flow path to the outlet. The sheath coupled to the air processing or conveying component can include a lumen communicating with the outlet of the air processing or conveying mechanism for passing CO2 continuously conveyed by the driven air moving component across the laparoscopic lens to maintain visualization of the operating cavity.

Abstract: Described herein are drive systems and methods. One exemplary system includes a tool having a proximal handle and a catheter body. The tool can be mated with a rail and the rail mated with a frame. The connection between the tool and rail and/or the rail and frame can allow relative movement of the tool with respect to the frame, a patient, and/or a point of reference. In one exemplary configuration the handle of the tool rotates around an axis that corresponds to a portion of the catheter body, such that rotational movement of the handle has a minimal impact on longitudinal movement and/or position of a distal end of the tool.

Abstract: An endoscope can include an elongate, manipulable shaft with a distal-end visualization element and a handle body comprising at least one control surface for manipulating a distal region of the shaft, where the handle body includes a passage through which a length of the shaft is passable, and where the handle body includes a novel connection structure configured for firmly, securely, and removably mounting the handle to a channel of another endoscope in a manner axially aligning the passage with the channel to provide a path of communication for the shaft. A dual medical endoscope system can be constructed including a first and a second medical endoscope, where the first endoscope comprises an accessory channel with a proximal mounting port providing access thereto, and where the second endoscope comprises a handle body that is securely and removably attached to the proximal mounting port.

Abstract: A capsule endoscope system includes: a capsule endoscope; a receiving unit that receives an image signal of an object transmitted wirelessly from the capsule endoscope; an image display unit that displays an image based on the image signal received by the receiving unit; a position detection unit that detects a position of the capsule endoscope; and a control unit having a first determination unit that determines whether normal display of the image based on the image signal is possible and having a second determination unit that determines whether normal position detection for the capsule endoscope is possible by the position detection unit. The control unit causes the image display unit to start display of the image based on the image signal when the normal display of the image based on the image signal is possible and the normal position detection for the capsule endoscope is possible.

Abstract: An endoscope system is provided with a light source unit for generating illumination light, an image sensor for imaging an object of interest irradiated with the illumination light, an image signal obtaining section, and a calculated image signal generator. The image signal obtaining section obtains a B1 image signal corresponding to violet light and a B2 image signal corresponding to blue light that differs in scattering coefficient of the object of interest from the violet light and that has the same absorption coefficient as the violet light. The calculated image signal generator generates a calculated image signal from the B1 and B2 image signals.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes a light source unit, an image sensor, an image signal obtaining section, a vessel position signal generator, a vessel width signal generator, and a vessel image signal generator. The light source unit generates illumination light. The image sensor captures an image of an object of interest irradiated with the illumination light. The image signal obtaining section obtains an image signal, which represents the object, from the image sensor. The vessel position signal generator generates a vessel position signal, which represents the position of a blood vessel of the object, from the image signal. The vessel width signal generator generates a vessel width signal, which represents the width of the blood vessel, from the image signal. The vessel image signal generator generates a vessel image signal, which represents the blood vessel, from the vessel position signal and the vessel width signal.

Abstract: An endoscope system is provided with a light source unit for generating illumination light, an image sensor for imaging an object of interest irradiated with the illumination light, an image signal obtaining section, a calculated image signal generator, and an image generator. The image signal obtaining section obtains a B1 image signal corresponding to violet light and a B2 image signal corresponding to blue light. The calculated image signal generator generates a calculated image signal from the B1 and B2 image signals. The image generator generates an image in which one of the B1 image signal and the B2 image signal is assigned to a luminance channel or a green channel and the calculated image signal is assigned to a remaining channel.

Abstract: A surgical site is simultaneously illuminated by less than all the visible color components that make up visible white light, and a fluorescence excitation illumination component by an illuminator in a minimally invasive surgical system. An image capture system acquires an image for each of the visible color components illuminating the surgical site and a fluorescence image, which is excited by the fluorescence excitation component from the illuminator. The minimally invasive surgical system uses the acquired images to generate a background black and white image of the surgical site. The acquired fluorescence image is superimposed on the background black and white image, and is highlighted in a selected color, e.g., green. The background black and white image with the superimposed highlighted fluorescence image is displayed for a user of the system. The highlighted fluorescence image identifies tissue of clinical interest.

Abstract: A medical device may include an insertion portion longitudinally extending between a proximal end and a distal end. The insertion portion may define a channel extending therethrough. The medical device may further include a handle coupled to the proximal end of the insertion portion. The handle may further include an irrigation port in fluid communication with the channel and coupled to a source of irrigation fluid. Additionally, the handle may include an actuator and a pressurizer. Manipulation of the actuator may be configured to actuate the pressurizer to urge irrigation fluid distally through the channel.

Abstract: A method for improving an OCT image of an object such as the retina of an eye, using optical coherence tomography by an imaging beam path. In order to suppress shadowing effects due to a surgical instrument moved in the imaging beam path, a time series of OCT images is produced. For an OCT image to be corrected, an area of the object lying in the image and shadowed by the instrument is determined. Another earlier OCT image in which the area of the object is not shadowed is searched in the time series. Image information for the area of the object is read from the earlier OCT image. A corrected OCT image is produced by inserting the read-image information into the OCT image to be corrected, wherein in the OCT image to be corrected, the image information replaces the area of the object which is shadowed by the instrument.

Abstract: A method for photographing a fundus image includes: acquiring photographing condition data on a first captured image being a cell image of a fundus as reference data for follow-up image capture related to the cell image, and storing the photographing condition data; and selecting, based on an operation input from an examiner, reference data for the follow-up image capture from one or more pieces of the reference data stored in advance, and reproducing a photographing condition in accordance with the selected reference data to newly acquire the cell image.

Abstract: One aspect of the disclosure includes a method to assess vision function. In one embodiment, the method comprises providing a sequence of test images on a display (106) to a test subject (102) during a stimulus interval and providing a response pattern image for each of the sequence of test images during a response interval after the stimulus interval. Each of the sequence of test images includes multiple stimulus patterns (304, 306) arranged around a fixation target (302). The response pattern image includes multiple response targets (320), each of which corresponds to a location of each of the multiple stimulus patterns (304, 306). One (304) of the multiple stimulus patterns (304, 306) differs. An assessment of a vision function of the test subject (102) is based on a selection by the test subject of one of the multiple response targets (320) that the test subject indicates corresponds to a location of the multiple stimulus pattern that differs (304).

Abstract: The invention is a system and method for measuring visual acuity. The system comprises a computer or projector adapted to project a computer generated image of an optotype on a surface, e.g. a computer display screen or a screen on a wall, and a control unit. The computer or projector is adapted to project the optotypes with a steadily changing size as a continuum of images. The testing is carried out by changing the optotype size in both directions in order to compensate for the reaction time of the patient. For example, starting with a large optotype, the size is steadily decreased until the patient signals that he can no longer read the optotype. The test then continues starting from a small optotype and steadily increasing the size until the patient signals that he can read the optotype.

Abstract: Provided is a snapshot spectral domain optical coherence tomographer comprising a light source providing a plurality of beamlets; a beam splitter, splitting the plurality of beamlets into a reference arm and a sample arm; a first optical system that projects the sample arm onto multiple locations of a sample; a second optical system for collection of a plurality of reflected sample beamlets; a third optical system projecting the reference arm to a reflecting surface and receiving a plurality of reflected reference beamlets; a parallel interferometer that provides a plurality of interferograms from each of the plurality of sample beamlets with each of the plurality of reference beamlets; an optical image mapper configured to spatially separate the plurality of interferograms; a spectrometer configured to disperse each of the interferograms into its respective spectral components and project each interferogram in parallel; and a photodetector providing photon quantification.

Abstract: An embodiment provides a new technique of ophthalmologic diagnostic imaging. An ophthalmologic imaging apparatus of an embodiment includes: an acquiring part configured to acquire three-dimensional image data of an eye by using optical coherence tomography; a designating part configured for designating partial image data that is a part of the three-dimensional image data corresponding to a specific site of the eye; a deforming part configured to deform the three-dimensional image data such that the partial image data is deformed into a predetermined shape to create new three-dimensional image data; a forming part configured to form cross-sectional image data based on the new three-dimensional image data; and a display controller configured to display an image based on the cross-sectional image data on a display means.

Abstract: A photorefraction ocular screening device for assessing vision and corresponding disorders associated with the human ocular system is provided. More specifically, the present invention provides for a photorefraction ocular screening device employing advanced methods of pupil detection and refractive error analysis. The photorefraction ocular screening device is comprised of an LED arrangement configured with a plurality of irradiation sources serving as visual stimuli, wherein the visual stimuli may be presented in varying illumination patterns to the pupils of an examinee for expanding the range of ocular responses that can be used to determine refractive error.

Abstract: Ophthalmic lens assemblies and methods of assembly and use may include a lens assembly including a lens element and a protective cover. The lens element includes a contact lens surface and a faceted optical body including a distal portion and a faceted portion including one or more mirror facets to form a TIR activity pathway. The protective cover includes a contact aperture shaped to receive the contact lens surface, a grip portion, and a facet housing portion including an interior surface. The contact aperture of the protective cover is stretch-fit about a periphery of the contact lens surface to maintain a proximal-side fluid seal. The grip portion of the protective cover is stretch-fit about the distal portion of the lens element to maintain a distal-side fluid seal. One or more TIR-inducing air gaps are defined by the facet housing portion between the interior surface and the mirror facets.

Abstract: For reducing a time utilized in an AO process, provided is a deformable mirror system, including: a deformable mirror capable of changing a shape of a reflecting surface by a deformation amount in accordance with an input signal; a light wavefront measurement apparatus configured to measure a light wavefront shape of reflected light from the deformable mirror; a conversion factor calculation apparatus configured to calculate a conversion factor used in obtaining the input signal from a variation in light wavefront shape of the reflected light with respect to a change in input signal; a shape difference calculation apparatus configured to calculate a shape difference between the light wavefront shape measured by the light wavefront measurement apparatus and a light wavefront shape calculated from the input signal; and a conversion factor update unit configured to update the conversion factor in accordance with the calculated shape difference.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic apparatus includes a reflective member that reflects light from a first scanning unit that scans an object to be examined with first light and light from a second scanning unit that scans the object with second light having a wavelength different from a wavelength of the first light so as to be applied to the object. The ophthalmologic apparatus includes an optical path synthesis and separation unit that is arranged on two optical paths from the scanning units to the reflective member, and synthesizes two optical paths from the scanning units to the object and separates an optical path of return light from the object into two optical paths on which the scanning units are arranged. A reflection optical path of the optical path synthesis and separation unit is arranged opposite to the object with respect to the optical path synthesis and separation unit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are vitrectomy probes configured for use with optical coherence tomography.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for glare reduction in surgical microscopy are provided. A method of operating a surgical microscope may include: receiving light reflected from the surgical field at an image sensor; processing the received light to generate image data; identifying portions of the image data representative of glare; and controlling an optical element to limit the transmission of light associated with the glare. A surgical microscope may include: an image sensor configured to receive light reflected from the surgical field, a computing device, and an optical element. The computing device may be configured to: identify portions of the light received at the image sensor associated with glare and generate a control signal to limit the transmission of the light associated with the glare. The optical element may be configured to selectively limit the transmission of the light associated with the glare in response to the control signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for photographically observing and/or documenting the fundus of an eye, comprising: producing a lighting beam path by means of a lighting module for lighting at least one partial area of the fundus by using an at least approximately punctiform or at least areally limited lighting source, producing an image plane in the lighting beam path for the creation of photographic recordings, separating the pupil cross-sectional area into a detectable observation region and an undetectable lighting region, producing an image area that contains the image of the fundus on the image plane, dividing the image area in strips in the lighting beam path into a lighted region and unlighted regions, and imaging the third and fourth Purkinje reflection on the image area, wherein at least one Purkinje reflection, the third and/or fourth Purkinje reflection, is located in the unlighted regions of the image area.

Abstract: System, controller, and computer readable medium for controlling a presentation of audio and video information to a user. Physiological parameters of the user can be monitored in real time to determine changes in activity. A video presentation and/or an audio presentation can be modified based on the determined change in activity. Additionally, a user interface can be modified based on the determined change in activity.

Abstract: A shim coil device for compensating for basic magnetic field inhomogeneities during medical magnetic resonance imaging of a breast of a patient, said shim coil has a housing with a contact surface that configures to bear against a patient, and at least one shim coil element having a shim coil axis. The shim coil is arranged on the patient such that the at least one shim coil axis has an angle of inclination ? to the contact surface and/or to a patient surface, where ? is ?45° and ? is ?135°.

Abstract: A remote patient management system comprising a display and a processor. Execution of instructions cause the processor to: determine at least one first boundary value between a safe zone and a warning zone for each of at least one patient vital sign; determine at least one second boundary value between the warning zone and an alert zone for each of the at least one patient vital sign; repeatedly receive the at least one patient vital sign; determine a status value indicating the safe zone, warning zone, or alert zone; calculate a transition risk value; and display a patient status indicator which indicates the status level and the transition risk.

Abstract: An intensity-based, micro-bending optical fiber sensor is disclosed herein, which is configured to acquire clean, stable, and reliable vital sign signals. Related systems and methods for vital sign monitoring are also provided herein. The sensor of various embodiments includes a multi-mode optical fiber, an LED light source, an LED driver, a receiver, and a single layer deformer structure. In various embodiments, the optical fiber and single layer deformer structure of the sensor are selected to meet specific parameters necessary to achieve a level of reliability and sensitivity needed to successfully monitor vital signs. In some embodiments, a specific sizing relationship exists between the optical fiber and the single layer deformer structure. In sonic embodiments, the sensor is configured to acquire ballistocardiograph waveforms.

Abstract: A probe assembly includes: a measurement probe having a plurality of optical fibers configured to propagate light, emit the light to a measurement target, and receive scattered light returned from the measurement target; and an end cover having: an endoscope holding portion configured to hold an insertion portion of an endoscope, the insertion portion being configured to be inserted into a body cavity of a subject; and a probe position defining portion configured to define a position of a distal end surface of the plurality of optical fibers of the measurement probe.

Abstract: The cardiovascular vital signs of a user are measured. One or more user activity metrics is received from one or more user activity sensors. A type of activity the user is currently engaged in is inferred from the received user activity metrics. Additional context that is associated with the inferred type of activity may also be identified. A determination is made as to if it is time to measure the cardiovascular vital signs of the user, where this determination is based on the inferred type of activity and may also be based on the identified additional context. Whenever it is determined to be time to measure the cardiovascular vital signs of the user, this measurement is made.

Abstract: A measurement device with electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) functionalities includes a shell and a turning structure. The shell includes a first contact and a second contact located at a first side of the shell; and a third contact. The turning structure, disposed on the shell, is utilized for adjusting the third contact to be located at the first side when the measurement device is in an EEG mode, and adjusting the third contact to be located at a second side of the shell when the measurement device is in an ECG mode, wherein the second side is substantially opposite to the first side.