Abstract: A hill-hold control system for a vehicle. The hill-hold control system includes a first wheel brake (120A, 120B), a second wheel brake (120C, 120D), a braking indicator (brake pedal), a drive away indicator (accelerator), and a controller (130). The controller is configured to determine that the vehicle is at standstill, detect from the braking indicator that braking is no longer desired, adjust a braking pressure at the first wheel brake, adjust a braking pressure at the second wheel brake, detect from the drive away indicator an operator's desire to drive away, and when the operator's desire to drive away is detected, removing the braking pressure at the first wheel brake and the braking pressure at the second wheel brake.

Abstract: An electrohydraulic servo brake includes a master brake cylinder, which is controlled by a push rod. The push rod is configured to be actuated by a first auxiliary piston via a reaction disk. A plunger piston presses on the reaction disk. An end of the push rod is connected to the first auxiliary piston by a connection apparatus. The connection apparatus includes a rest for a rated compression spring, which rest is rigidly connected to the push rod, and a central piston, which rests against the reaction disk along an axis and is surrounded by a second auxiliary piston, which is placed against the reaction disk and is moved by the spring and is held in an end position by the central piston. The second auxiliary piston is configured to recede in relation to the central piston rigidly connected to the push rod.

Abstract: An engine controller for controlling an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders is provided. The engine controller is in signal communication with the internal combustion engine, an automatic transmission, and a displacement adjusting mechanism. The engine controller is configured to determine an operating condition of the internal combustion engine and to communicate with the automatic transmission to shift to one of a plurality of gear configurations, and the displacement adjusting mechanism to one of activate and deactivate at least one cylinder. The engine controller determines that a shift from a first gear configuration to a second gear configuration requires a positive torque when the at least one cylinder is deactivated. The engine controller communicates with the displacement adjusting mechanism to activate the at least one deactivated cylinder such that the plurality of cylinders are activated before the shift between gear configurations and the positive torque are completed.

Abstract: A parallel hybrid vehicle includes an engine and a motor separated along a driveshaft by a clutch. The motor can operate (either alone or in combination with the engine) to provide positive drive torque to the wheels. The motor can also act as a generator and provide negative torque when converting mechanical energy from the driveshaft into mechanical energy to be stored in a battery. The clutch selectively couples the motor to the engine. Torque and its effects on the clutch can vary dramatically when the motor changes from providing positive and negative torque, and vice versa, while the engine is running. At least one controller in the vehicle is programmed to, while the engine is running, initiate an increase in pressure at the clutch in response to an anticipated change in torque provided by the motor from positive to negative or from negative to positive.

Abstract: A vehicle may include a controller programmed to, in response to a vehicle speed less than a speed threshold, a decrease in driver demand, and a change in steering position greater than a position threshold, maintain a friction element pressure of a friction element configured to couple an engine with and electric machine, and increase an amount of spark retard associated with an engine cylinder.

Abstract: A drive control system is for a hybrid vehicle. The drive control system includes a power split mechanism, a brake mechanism, a first motor, an output member, a second motor and an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to obtain a temperature of the power split mechanism based on a first time that is a duration of a motor driven state, allow the motor driven state when the obtained temperature obtained by the electronic control unit is lower than a predetermined upper limit temperature, and inhibit the motor driven state when the obtained temperature is higher than or equal to the upper limit temperature.

Abstract: A travel control apparatus applied in a hybrid vehicle is provided with: a planetary gear mechanism capable of distributing power of an internal combustion engine to a first MG and an output unit, and a second MG capable of outputting power to the output unit. When a requested output to the internal combustion engine is zero, rotational speed control for controlling the first MG is executed so that the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is higher than zero when the speed of the vehicle is equal to or greater than a predetermined control determination speed, and the execution of rotational speed control is prohibited when the speed of the vehicle is less than the control determination speed.

Abstract: A drive control system for preventing damage from a power distribution device under a motor mode and for improving fuel efficiency. A time duration from termination of the first operating mode where a torque of the first motor is applied to the power distribution device while halting a carrier (at step S4), and a temperature of the power distribution device is estimated based on the calculated time duration (at step S13). The first operating mode is enabled if the estimated temperature is lower than a predetermined allowable temperature (at step S15), and inhibited if the estimated temperature is higher than the allowable temperature (at step S10).

Abstract: In the first mode, a controller circuitry restrains or prohibits operation of an internal combustion engine. In the second mode, the controller circuitry activates maintains the charge amount of the battery. A controller circuitry generates a travel plan assigns one of the first mode and the second mode to each of sections, which are included in the travel route. An assessing circuitry assesses a tendency of assignment of the first mode in the travel route. A notifying device notifies information corresponding to the tendency assessed by the assessing circuitry.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle includes an engine and an electric machine selectively coupled to the engine via a disconnect clutch. At least one controller issues commands to control the engine, the electric machine, and the clutch. During cruise control, the controller controls the torque output of the engine and electric machine, as well as the slipping of the clutch, such that the speed of the vehicle is attempted to be maintained at the cruise control set speed. For example, when the engine is off and additional torque is necessary to maintain the speed, the controller can issue a command to change the state of the engine from off to on. When the vehicle experiences oscillations in road load, the controller delays or inhibits changing the on/off state of the engine for an amount of time that is based on the oscillation associated with road load.

Abstract: A drive control system includes a power split mechanism, a brake mechanism, a first motor, an output member, a second motor and an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to; obtain at least one of a first time that is a duration of a motor driven state or a second time that is a duration of a state where the motor driven state is ended, estimate a temperature of the power split mechanism based on at least one of the first time or the second time, and allow or inhibit the motor driven state in accordance with a temperature of the power split mechanism, the first time, or the second time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic 4 WD system having reinforced ABS cooperative control performance, in which an ABS ACT signal by an ABS (Anti-Lock Brake System) controller and a 4 WD_OPEN signal by the ESC (Electronic Stability Control) controller are used. When the ABS ACT signal and the 4 WD_OPEN signal are recognized, it is determined that it is an ESC vehicle and a 4 WD mode is stopped. When only the ABS ACT signal is recognized, it is determined that it is an ABS vehicle and the intention of a user is determined on the basis of whether a brake pedal has been pressed down or an accelerator pedal has been released, and then a 4 WD mode is stopped.

Abstract: A method for operating a vehicle, a risk parameter being ascertained for a driving route section of a driving route of the vehicle, the risk parameter including an accident probability of the vehicle for the driving route section, the vehicle being controlled at least in an assisted manner as a function of the risk parameter, to reduce the accident probability for the driving route section. Also described is a device for operating a vehicle and a corresponding computer readable medium having a computer program.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to accurately predict a movement trajectory of an object from a history of positions of the object even in a case where shaking or deflection of a vehicle occurs.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for guiding a driver in coasting of an eco-friendly vehicle at an appropriate timing in a situation where deceleration is needed, which can enable economic driving through energy savings and improve the mileage and fuel efficiency of the vehicle.

Abstract: A method for operating an automatic transmission is provided. The method includes commanding a positive shifting element to actuate to a disengaged configuration or an engaged configuration and opening at least one non-positive shifting element if the positive shifting element does not properly actuate. Opening the at least one non-positive shifting element may terminate power flow from the automatic transmission in order to protect the automatic transmission.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining road surface information in a vehicle. In one embodiment, the method includes: determining at least one condition assessment value based on steering data; determining a feature set to include at least one of self-aligning torque (SAT), slip angle, SAT variance, steering rate, and lateral acceleration based on the condition assessment value; processing steering data obtained during a steering maneuver and associated with the feature set using a pattern classification technique; and determining a surface type based on the processing.

Abstract: A vehicle system includes a driver identification fusion module programmed to receive a confidence level from a plurality of identification modules. Each confidence level indicates the likelihood that a driver of a vehicle is a particular person. The driver identification fusion module is programmed to aggregate the confidences levels received from the plurality of identification modules and output an aggregated confidence level signal representing an identity of the driver based at least in part on the confidence levels received from the plurality of identification modules.

Abstract: A user device may be used to prevent a user from driving a vehicle while distracted by the user device. The user device may create a user profile, determine whether the user is driving, and collect usage data while the user is driving. The user profile may include information regarding the driver's propensity to be distracted while driving and the usage data may include information on whether the user is actually distracted by the user device. The user device may determine whether the driver is distracted based on the user profile and the usage data, and may respond in one or more ways, such as by alerting the driver with an audio signal, disabling a feature of the user device, logging instances of user distraction with a diagnostics device, activating a braking system of the vehicle, warning nearby drivers about the driver being distracted, and more.

Abstract: A driving characteristics diagnosis device, includes: an information acquisition unit that acquires information relating to the operational state of a vehicle; a dangerous driving detection processing unit that detects dangerous driving by a user of the vehicle on the basis of information acquired by the information acquisition unit; a cause estimation processing unit that estimates a cause of the dangerous driving; a driving characteristics diagnosis processing unit that performs diagnosis of driving characteristics for the user on the basis of a result of detection of the dangerous driving by the dangerous driving detection processing unit and the cause of the dangerous driving estimated by the cause estimation processing unit; and a diagnosis result output unit that outputs the result of the diagnosis of driving characteristics diagnosed by the driving characteristics diagnosis processing unit.

Abstract: A system and method for collecting motor vehicle use, driving behavior or motor vehicle use and driving behavior data using a Bluetooth® low energy (“BLE”) device and a mobile communication device (“MCD”). One embodiment can automatically turn on the MCD Global Positioning System location services (“GPS”) and start the collection of such data when the MCD user is in a predetermined proximity of the motor vehicle and the vehicle is in motion as well as automatically turn off the GPS and stop data collection when the MCD is not in a predetermined proximity to the motor vehicle and BLE device and the motor vehicle stops moving.

Abstract: A Driver Risk Assessment System and Method Employing Automated Driver Log. The system and method provides robust and reliable event scoring and reporting, while also optimizing data transmission bandwidth. The system includes onboard vehicular driving event detectors that record data related to detected driving events, vehicle condition and/or tasking, roadway environmental conditions, selectively store or transfer data related to said detected driving events. If elected, the onboard vehicular system will “score” a detected driving event, compare the local score to historical values previously stored within the onboard system, and upload selective data or data types if the system concludes that a serious driving event has occurred. The system may respond to independent user requests by transferring select data to said user at a variety of locations and formats.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an overhead rail system having a pair of parallel rails, mountable to an overhead structure, and a rack line fixedly mounted underneath each rail. A pair of chariots is mounted on the pair of parallel rails. Each chariot has upper and lower bearings rollably connecting the chariot to a respective one of the pair of parallel rails. The bearings allow longitudinal movement of the chariot along a length of the parallel rails while limiting movement of the chariot in other directions. Each chariot has a pinion configured to engage respective rack lines. A drive system is operatively connected to the pinion of at least one of the chariots.

Abstract: An entrance system for providing access to a short nose of a locomotive is provided. The entrance system includes a door assembly coupled to a wall. The door assembly further includes a panel having predetermined shape, and a plurality of vents on a surface of the panel. The door assembly further includes a frame encasing the panel and a first lock in member coupled to the frame. The frame has a hinged connection to the wall. The entrance system includes a second locking member coupled to the wall. The first locking member and the second locking member are adapted to prevent a rotation of the door assembly around the hinged connection under locking condition of the entrance system. The entrance system further includes a cover flush mounted with a floor of the cabin and at least a portion of the cover extends beneath the frame.

Abstract: A hopper car discharge outflow is controlled by closure members, at least one of which is movable. The doors are hingeless, being mounted on four bar linkages, such that the distal edge of the doors sweeps predominantly horizontally while the proximal edge of the door moves predominantly upwardly. The doors move through noncircular arcs, such that the size of the vertically projected door opening is abnormally large compared to the clearance heights of the door. The doors are driven by a longitudinal shaft that is mounted within the center sill. It drives a set of single input, double output bell cranks that drive adjacent pairs of doors, and that employs an over-center toggle to hold the doors in the closed position when the car is laded. The actuators may be mounted in shelters midway along the car, and may be offset from the centersill. The actuators may be mounted predominantly vertically such that gravity may obviate the need for a secondary lock.

Abstract: A backing ring assembly for a railcar axle is provided. According to various aspects, the backing ring assembly may include a main body and a ring. The main body may include an inner surface configured to abut a fillet of a railcar axle and a receiving element on an inboard radial face of the main body. The ring may be engaged in the receiving element and may be configured to protrude over a cylindrical surface of a shoulder on the railcar axle. The ring may include an inner face having a recess and a generally flat outer face.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a method for detecting a condition associated with a wheel on a train car. The method may include detecting a position of the wheel. The method may also include detecting a position of a rail on which the wheel travels. The method may further include comparing the position of the wheel relative to the position of the rail, and determining a wheel condition based on the comparison.

Abstract: A first crossing predictor uses signals from a pair to spaced apart receivers, which may be located on opposite sides of a transmitter, to determine on which side of a crossing an approaching train is located. If the first predictor upstream with respect to the approaching train, the first predictor transmits signals to instruct a downstream adjacent predictor to activate its warning device at a constant warning time (referred to as DAXing).

Abstract: A load transporting apparatus is described including: a main body; a ground engaging wheel positioned at or towards one end of the main body and supported for rotation about a generally horizontal axis; a support member, which is connected to the main body, and which supports a pair of wheel assemblies, each assembly including a wheel which is supported for rotation about a generally horizontal wheel axis, wherein said wheel assembly permits the wheel to swivel about a swivel axis which is substantially perpendicular to the wheel axis and off-set therefrom; wherein the support member is connected to the main body by connection means which permits movement of the main body towards and away from the support member. Also described is an apparatus where the or a further connection means is configured to permit rotation of the support member relative to the main body about an axis which extends generally in a fore-aft direction of the apparatus.

Abstract: The luggage sliders include various embodiments for permanent or removable installation upon the underside of a roll-around suitcase, wheeled cart, or similar article to facilitate movement of the article up a flight of stairs or other stepped inclined surface. Some of the sliders are pivotally extendible and retractable. Others are telescopically extendible and retractable. Still others are pivotally attached to one edge of the article, and pivotally fold against a surface of the article for storage. Still others may be adjustably clamped about the base of the article. Still others are pivotally attached about a wheel axle to rotate and lie beneath the wheel for operation. Still others may be removably attached directly to the wheels of the luggage, cart, or other wheeled article. Still others are pivotally attached to a point on the luggage and telescopically extend to project below the wheel for use.

Abstract: The luggage sliders include various embodiments for permanent or removable installation upon the underside of a roll-around suitcase, wheeled cart, or similar article to facilitate movement of the article up a flight of stairs or other stepped inclined surface. Some of the sliders are pivotally extendible and retractable. Others are telescopically extendible and retractable. Still others are pivotally attached to one edge of the article, and pivotally fold against a surface of the article for storage. Still others may be adjustably clamped about the base of the article. Still others are pivotally attached about a wheel axle to rotate and lie beneath the wheel for operation. Still others may be removably attached directly to the wheels of the luggage, cart, or other wheeled article. Still others are pivotally attached to a point on the luggage and telescopically extend to project below the wheel for use.

Abstract: The luggage sliders include various embodiments for permanent or removable installation upon the underside of a roll-around suitcase, wheeled cart, or similar article to facilitate movement of the article up a flight of stairs or other stepped inclined surface. Some of the sliders are pivotally extendible and retractable. Others are telescopically extendible and retractable. Still others are pivotally attached to one edge of the article, and pivotally fold against a surface of the article for storage. Still others may be adjustably clamped about the base of the article. Still others are pivotally attached about a wheel axle to rotate and lie beneath the wheel for operation. Still others may be removably attached directly to the wheels of the luggage, cart, or other wheeled article. Still others are pivotally attached to a point on the luggage and telescopically extend to project below the wheel for use.

Abstract: The luggage sliders include various embodiments for permanent or removable installation upon the underside of a roll-around suitcase, wheeled cart, or similar article to facilitate movement of the article up a flight of stairs or other stepped inclined surface. Some of the sliders are pivotally extendible and retractable. Others are telescopically extendible and retractable. Still others are pivotally attached to one edge of the article, and pivotally fold against a surface of the article for storage. Still others may be adjustably clamped about the base of the article. Still others are pivotally attached about a wheel axle to rotate and lie beneath the wheel for operation. Still others may be removably attached directly to the wheels of the luggage, cart, or other wheeled article. Still others are pivotally attached to a point on the luggage and telescopically extend to project below the wheel for use.

Abstract: The luggage sliders include various embodiments for permanent or removable installation upon the underside of a roll-around suitcase, wheeled cart, or similar article to facilitate movement of the article up a flight of stairs or other stepped inclined surface. Some of the sliders are pivotally extendible and retractable. Others are telescopically extendible and retractable. Still others are pivotally attached to one edge of the article, and pivotally fold against a surface of the article for storage. Still others may be adjustably clamped about the base of the article. Still others are pivotally attached about a wheel axle to rotate and lie beneath the wheel for operation. Still others may be removably attached directly to the wheels of the luggage, cart, or other wheeled article. Still others are pivotally attached to a point on the luggage and telescopically extend to project below the wheel for use.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for towing a load behind a person is disclosed which reduces or dampens the effect of human movement on the load and vice versa. Further, the apparatus and method reduce or dampen the impact and vibrations resulting from traveling over a surface. In one embodiment, the apparatus and method is comprised of a harness for a person to wear, a carriage, and a bow connecting the harness and the carriage.

Abstract: A carrying apparatus provides a self-powered, rechargeable, technologically adaptable transport vehicle, such as a stroller. The apparatus includes efficient seating and storage capacities for efficiency items, such as pertinent baby supplies. Because the apparatus is self-powered, the physical stress of carrying at least one item is reduced. Furthermore, the apparatus uses technology to maintain perpetual power for operation, and to regulate and monitor the propulsion of the apparatus during transport. The apparatus may be pushed or pulled in multiple directions at varying velocities. The apparatus includes braking and accelerating capacities. A frame portion supports a seat portion, such as a buckled baby seat; a storage portion, such as a cargo mesh. A rechargeable power source powers a motor that turns a drive shaft for propulsion. Brakes position at the wheels. A control portion provides a display and levers for accelerating and decelerating.

Abstract: An infant carrier includes a surrounding frame, a seat portion pivotally connected with the surrounding frame, a headrest portion pivotally connected with the surrounding frame, a backrest portion respectively connected pivotally with the seat portion and the headrest portion, and a latching mechanism assembled with the backrest portion and operable to selectively engage with either of the seat portion and the headrest portion, the latching mechanism being configured to lock the infant carrier in either of a bassinet configuration and a seat configuration. The seat portion and the backrest portion are substantially coplanar and the headrest portion extends at an angle from the backrest portion to the surrounding frame when the infant carrier is in the bassinet configuration, and the headrest portion and the backrest portion are substantially coplanar and the backrest portion extends at an angle from the seat portion when the infant carrier is in the seat configuration.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a stroller system includes a stroller frame connected to three or more wheels, a housing unit operable to accommodate a rider, a motor coupled to the frame and to at least one of the wheels, and a brake coupled to at least one of the wheels. The system further includes one or more processors coupled to the frame, a first electronic display coupled to the frame and communicatively coupled to at least one of the one or more processors, and sensors coupled to the frame and to at least one processor. A distance sensor measures a distance between the distance sensor and an object, and a speed sensor measures the speed of the frame. The one or more processors are operable to receive measurements from the distance sensor and speed sensor, and to determine, based on the received measurements, whether to apply the brake.

Abstract: A vehicular operating device includes an operating member manipulated to swing, a slider slidably fitted in a holding bore, a cam surface positioned in front of the slider, and a helical compression spring pressing the slider into pressure contact with the cam surface. The metal-made slider includes a first outer peripheral surface with a diameter being smaller than an inner diameter of the helical compression spring, and a guide portion with an outer diameter allowing the guide portion to slide along an inner peripheral surface of the holding bore. A resin-made annular spacer having an outer diameter substantially equal to that of the guide portion is fitted between the guide portion and the helical compression spring. The helical compression spring biases the slider through the annular spacer. The annular spacer holds the helical compression spring in a state not contacting the first outer peripheral surface and the guide portion.

Abstract: A steering wheel heater device including: a steering wheel heater configured of an electrical resistor which produces heat by electrical energy; an inductor; at least one switch; and a sensor circuit, wherein the inductor is connected in series to a first terminal of the steering wheel heater, the at least one switch turns on and off the supply of power to the steering wheel heater, the sensor circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal and determines whether a detected subject is in contact with a steering wheel based on a magnitude of capacitance of the steering wheel heater, and the at least one switch is at least one of a switch connected in series to the first terminal of the steering wheel heater via the inductor and a switch connected in series to a second terminal of the steering wheel heater.

Abstract: A steering device includes a steering column, a bracket, and a fixing mechanism. The fixing mechanism includes a roller clutch, an inner ring, a slip ring and a rod which penetrates through side plate portions of the bracket. The roller clutch and the inner ring are not operated in a clamping direction in which the manipulation lever is rotated to provide a clamping force and are operated in a releasing direction in which the manipulation lever is rotated to release the clamping force. The slip ring is a friction providing member which applies frictional resistance to the rod in a case where the roller clutch and the inner ring are operated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a receptacle for a control circuit that controls an electric motor for power assistance in a vehicle steering system. The receptacle includes a housing for holding the control circuit, wherein the housing has an opening to allow insertion of the control circuit into the housing, and a baseplate for dust-tight closure of the opening of the housing in an end position, wherein the baseplate and the housing can be connected to one another in a dust-tight fashion in a delivery position which is different from the end position.

Abstract: A first bearing rotatably supports an opposite end part of a shaft, which is opposite from a worm. An O-ring is installed between the first bearing and an inner wall of a bearing box. A radial direction of the rotatable shaft, along which the worm and a worm wheel are placed one after another, is defined as an X-direction, and another radial direction of the rotatable shaft, which is perpendicular to the X-direction, is defined as a Y-direction. A distance, which is measured along the Y-direction between two opposed parts of an inner wall of the bearing box that are opposed to each other along the Y-direction, is larger than a distance, which is measured along the X-direction between two opposed parts of the inner wall of the bearing box, which are opposed to each other along the X-direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling electric power steering. In particular, the present invention provides a power steering control method that includes: a breakdown detection step of detecting whether a torque sensor has broken down; an information reception step of receiving steering angle information and vehicle speed information in the case in which the torque sensor has broken down; a compensation target value calculation step of calculating a self-aligning torque, and a damping force, an inertial force, and a frictional force of an electric power steering apparatus by using one or more of the steering angle information and the vehicle speed information; and a current control step of calculating a steering assist force based on the compensation target value and controlling the supply of a motor control current that corresponds to the steering assist force, and an apparatus for the same.

Abstract: A trailer backup assist system for a vehicle reversing a trailer includes a sensor module adapted to attach to the trailer and generate a trailer yaw rate or a trailer speed. The trailer backup assist system also includes a vehicle sensor system that generates a vehicle yaw rate and a vehicle speed. Further, the trailer backup assist system includes a controller that estimates a hitch angle based on the trailer yaw rate or the trailer speed and the vehicle yaw rate and the vehicle speed in view of a kinematic relationship between the trailer and the vehicle.

Abstract: A method of identifying a trailer with a vehicle includes a step of transmitting a unique identifier with a wireless transmitter attached to the trailer. The wireless transmitter may be housed as part of a sensor module with a sensor that senses a parameter of the trailer for operating a trailer backup assist system. The housing of the sensor module may be adapted to be removably attached to the trailer. The unique identifier emitted by the wireless transmitter is received with a wireless receiver on the vehicle. After the unique identifier is recognized by a controller on the vehicle, a parameter of the trailer may be accessed for autonomously guiding the trailer along a desired backing path.

Abstract: In a steering assist control apparatus including a steering assist control unit that controls the steering of an own vehicle by a manipulated variable allowing the own vehicle to run along a lane recognized by a lane recognition unit, and a control stop unit that decrease the manipulated variable with time when an abnormality detection unit detects a recognition abnormality in the lane recognition unit, the control stop unit decreases the manipulated variable at a manipulated variable decrease rate corresponding to a manner of the recognition abnormality. Thereby, at the time of the occurrence of the abnormality, it is possible to more adequately decrease the manipulated variable for the steering assist control, corresponding to the manner of the abnormality.

Abstract: When starting automatic pulling-in control, an electronic control unit calculates a temperature increase amount ?Ti of a motor caused by the execution of the automatic pulling-in control and a temperature increase amount ?To of the motor caused by the execution of automatic pulling-out control. Based on the current temperature of the motor, the temperature increase amount ?Ti, and the temperature increase amount ?To, the electronic control unit obtains a predicted temperature of the motor of a case in which the automatic pulling-out control is executed subsequent to the automatic pulling-in control. When the predicted temperature is lower than an allowable upper limit, starting of the automatic pulling-in control is permitted. When the predicted temperature is higher than or equal to the allowable upper limit, starting of the automatic pulling-in control is prohibited.

Abstract: Vehicle structures and methods of assembling the same are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a unibody structure of a vehicle includes an inboard A-pillar member, an outboard A-pillar member positioned outboard of the inboard A-pillar member and coupled to the inboard A-pillar member, and a reinforcement member positioned between the inboard A-pillar member and the outboard A-pillar member. The reinforcement member is coupled to the outboard A-pillar member and has a plurality of reduced thickness regions that are positioned in a vehicle vertical direction along the reinforcement member.

Abstract: Vehicle structures and methods of assembling the same are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method of assembling a unibody structure of a vehicle includes assembling a door surround ring comprising a forward pillar portion, a roof rail portion, a rearward pillar portion, and a rocker portion. The method also includes, subsequent to assembling the door surround ring, installing the door surround ring into a vehicle side outer panel, coupling the door surround ring to the vehicle side outer panel. The method further includes, subsequent to installing the door surround ring into the vehicle side outer panel, coupling the door surround ring and the vehicle side outer panel to a vehicle interior structural member.