Abstract: Calcium phosphate-based formulation for bone filling, comprising at least one adjuvant giving adhesion properties, wherein the at least one adjuvant is selected from the saccharide head surfactant group. The bone cement is characterized by adhesive properties particularly advantageous facilitating the setting of the cement and offering a better containment of the bone-cement or bone-cement-prosthesis interface.

Abstract: Injectable hydrogels comprising polysaccharides based on disaccharides the backbones of which form an ?-helix structure and in which in at least 10% of the disaccharide units the primary hydroxyl groups are oxidized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to protein biocoacervates and biomaterials and the methods of making and using protein biocoacervates and biomaterials. More specifically the present invention relates to protein biocoacervates and biomaterials that may be utilized for various medical applications including, but not limited to, drug delivery devices for the controlled release of pharmacologically active agents, coated medical devices (e.g. stents, valves . . . ), vessels, tubular grafts, vascular grafts, wound healing devices including protein suture biomaterials and biomeshes, dental plugs and implants, skin/bone/tissue grafts, tissue fillers, protein biomaterial adhesion prevention barriers, cell scaffolding and other biocompatible biocoacervate or biomaterial devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides articles of manufacture comprising biocompatible nanostructures comprising significantly increased surface area for, e.g., organ, tissue and/or cell growth, e.g., for bone, tooth, kidney or liver growth, and uses thereof, e.g., for in vitro testing of drugs, chemicals or toxins, or as in vivo implants, including their use in making and using artificial tissues and organs, and related, diagnostic, screening, research and development and therapeutic uses, e.g., as drug delivery devices. The present invention provides biocompatible nanostructures with significantly increased surface area, such as with nanotube and nanopore array on the surface of metallic, ceramic, or polymer materials for enhanced cell and bone growth, for in vitro and in vivo testing, cleansing reaction, implants and therapeutics. The present invention provides optically transparent or translucent cell-culturing substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel bone compositions for locally delivering a therapeutic agent to the site of a bone defect. Therapeutic agents may promote repair of the bone defect and/or treat conditions or disorders such as pain, inflammation, cancer, and infection. The compositions include calcium phosphate cements and a demineralized bone matrix or a collagen sponge. The compositions are useful for implantation in a patient at the site of a bone defect.

Abstract: Anisotropic constructs having a base member with a defined surface that includes a plurality of substantially parallel equidistant linear channels that are configured to modulate the polarity and proliferation of cells through spatial and biomechanical cues. The constructs are also capable of administering a biologically active agent and/or a pharmacological composition to tissue.

Abstract: Biological tissues may be prepared for use in biological prostheses. The biological tissue may be fixated with glutaraldehyde and may be subjected to successive treatment of the tissue with a solution containing taurine to neutralize excess aldehyde groups that remain free after fixation.

Abstract: A scaffold for hard tissue regeneration comprising an active ingredient for treating osteoporosis and a preparation method thereof. The scaffold for hard tissue regeneration is prepared by the steps of mixing a polyphenol-based natural substance containing Quercetein or Genistein involved in the activation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts and the biofunctional analogue thereof with a ceramic scaffold material and molding the mixture at room temperature into a three-dimensional scaffold. The biofunctional material included in the scaffold above may be sustain-released slowly over the long period of time so that the osteoblast activity is directly improved and at the same time the osteoclast activity is suppressed in the course of bone regeneration, to have the effect of improving bone regeneration.

Abstract: A dynamic porous coating for an orthopedic implant, wherein the dynamic porous coating is adapted to apply an expansive force against adjacent bone so as to fill gaps between the dynamic porous coating and adjacent bone and to create an interference fit between the orthopedic implant and the adjacent bone.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an alumina-based layer structure having transition regions between layers is disclosed. The method may include ion milling a stainless steel structure surface to partially reduce a metal oxide layer from, and create an exposed portion of, the surface. The method may include oxidizing the exposed portion of the surface to form a crystallized metal oxide bonding layer, growing a crystallized alumina layer onto the metal oxide bonding layer, and diffusing metal from the surface into the crystallized alumina layer, to form a graded aluminate spinel layer. The method may include forming a first transition region from the graded aluminate spinel layer to a crystalline alumina layer, growing the crystalline alumina layer from the first transition region, forming a second transition region from the crystalline alumina layer to an amorphous alumina layer, and growing the amorphous alumina layer from the second transition region.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a biodegradable multi-layer device suitable for medical applications are provided, wherein the device is formed from multiple film-layers configured to have different characteristics from one another such as different release profiles for therapeutic agents, adhesive properties, stiffness properties, and solubility properties. The film-layers may include a solid fibrinogen component. A device having multiple film-layers may take a non-adherent form during delivery to a target location within or on tissue, and thereafter may be exposed to moisture to take an adherent form on the tissue. The device may include a number of additives, including materials to improve the mechanical properties of the device, or one or more therapeutic or contrast agents.

Abstract: A coating comprising a stimulus-responsive material and a bioactive agent for controlled release of the bioactive agent and methods of making and using the same are disclosed.

Abstract: Infection-inhibiting compositions suitable for coating surfaces of implantable medical implants, including compositions and devices for coating medical devices in the operating room prior to implantation in a patient. Methods for inhibiting infection at the site of implantation of an orthopedic device in a human or animal subject, comprise rubbing a surface of the device, prior to implantation, with an infection-inhibiting composition having a waxy matrix comprising an infection-inhibiting material selected from the group consisting of a lipid, an antimicrobial agent, and mixtures thereof, wherein a thin layer of the infection-inhibiting material is deposited on the surface of the device. Medical implants which may be treated in the methods of this technology include orthopedic implants. Lipids include long-chain diacylglycerides or triacylglycerides, which may be saturated or unsaturated, such as lecithin or a purified form of phosphatidylcholine.

Abstract: A biodegradable in vivo supporting device is disclosed. The in vivo supporting device comprises a biodegradable metal scaffold and a biodegradable polymer coating covering at least a portion of the biodegradable metal scaffold, wherein the biodegradable polymer coating has a degradation rate that is faster than the degradation rate of the biodegradable metal scaffold.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a housing, a first cannula, and a second cannula. The housing defines an inner volume having a first portion in fluid communication with a first set of openings, and a second portion in fluid communication with a second set of openings and fluidically isolated from the first portion. The first cannula has a proximal end portion fluidically couplable to a vacuum source and a distal end portion coupled to the housing such that the first portion of the inner volume and a lumen defined by the first cannula fluidically couple the first openings to the vacuum source. The second cannula has a proximal end portion fluidically couplable to a fluid source and a distal end portion coupled to the housing such that the second portion of the inner volume and a lumen defined by the second cannula fluidically couple the second openings to the fluid source.

Abstract: A hidden and wearable breast-milk pumping system includes a pumping unit, a collecting unit and a wireless control unit. The pumping unit includes a pumping module and an attaching layer configured for attaching to a breast. The pumping module includes a nozzle, a pumping chamber, a pumping tube connected to the pumping chamber and a milk tube. The nozzle covers the breast and connects the pumping chamber connected between the nozzle and the milk tube. The collecting unit is connected to the milk tube to collect and store the breast milk in the milk tube. The wireless-control unit includes a control module, a vacuum pump and a wireless module. The vacuum pump is connected to the pumping tube. The control module controls the vacuum pump according to a control signal received by the wireless module from a remote device.

Abstract: A disposable blood transfer conduit is used in association with a pump drive unit, a blood collection vessel and a blood concentration device. The blood transfer conduit comprises a blood transfer tube (13) and a peristaltic pump element (12) having an enclosed housing mounted about the blood transfer tube (12). At least part of the blood transfer tube (13) is resiliently deformable and extends through the enclosed housing of the peristaltic pump element (12). The disposable blood transfer conduit may be used in the concentration of blood for autologous blood transfusion.

Abstract: A skin interface device (“SID”) for a cardiac assist device, including a SID cap having a first housing, an annular sleeve, and a first annular winding disposed over said annular sleeve. The SID further includes a SID base having a second housing formed to include a tubular portion, a cylindrical member disposed in said tubular portion, and a second annular winding disposed around said cylindrical member. The SID cap is configured to be rotationally attached to said SID base. When the SID cap is attached to the SID base, the second annular winding is disposed within the first annular winding, and the relative positions of the first annular winding and the second annular winding are fixed both laterally and vertically.

Abstract: An optical blood monitoring system and corresponding method avoid the need to obtain a precise intensity value of the light impinging upon the measured blood layer during the analysis. The system is operated to determine at least two optical measurements through blood layers of different thickness but otherwise substantially identical systems. Due to the equivalence of the systems, the two measurements can be compared so that the bulk extinction coefficient of the blood can be calculated based only on the known blood layer thicknesses and the two measurements. Reliable measurements of various blood parameters can thereby be determined without certain calibration steps.

Abstract: A microfluidic device for increasing convective clearance of particles from a fluid is provided. In some implementations, described herein the microfluidic device includes multiple layers that each define infusate, blood, and filtrate channels. Each of the channels have a pressure profile. The device can also include one or more pressure control features. The pressure control feature controls a difference between the pressure profiles along a length of the device. For example, the pressure control feature can control the difference between the pressure profile of the filtrate channel and the pressure profile of the blood channel. In some implementations, the pressure control feature controls the pressure difference between two channels such that the difference varies along the length of the channels by less than 50% of the pressure difference between the channels at the channels' inlets.

Abstract: A method for hyperthermic treatment of body fluid includes diverting at least a portion of a body fluid through a body fluid inlet from a body. A viral load of a pathogen is measured in the body fluid, and a target treatment temperature is determined based on the measured viral load. The body fluid is heated to the target treatment temperature to decrease the viral load in the body fluid. The body fluid is returned to the body after hyperthermic treating through a body fluid outlet. Hyperthermic treating of the body fluid is repeated with another portion of body fluid diverted through the hyperthermic treatment assembly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling a blood treatment apparatus, with the conveying of blood using a blood pump, with the patient venous tubing clamp closed, until a predetermined volume of fluid has passed out of the blood tubing set through the membrane and into the dialysis fluid chamber. It also relates to a control and regulating apparatus and a treatment apparatus. It further relates to a computer program, a computer program product and a digital storage medium.

Abstract: A filtering device receives a pressure signal (P) from a pressure sensor in a fluid containing system, the pressure signal (P) comprising first pulses originating from a first periodic pulse generator and second pulses. The device acquires a reference signal which is indicative of a current operating frequency of the first periodic pulse generator. The device identifies, based on the reference signal, a plurality of harmonics (v1-v8) associated with the current operating frequency, computes correlation values (?1-?8) between the harmonics and the pressure signal (P) within a time window in the pressure signal (P), and generates a filtered signal by subtracting, as a function of the correlation values (?1-?8), the harmonics from the pressure signal (P). The use of correlation values is a direct, fast, robust and computation-efficient approach for estimating the signal contribution (d) from first pulses in the pressure signal (P).

Abstract: A dialysis valve includes a tube attached between an artery and a vein which, when elongated, simultaneously narrows in diameter at at least one location. The narrowed portion of the tube decreases the volume and velocity between the arterial and venous side of the patient to prevent damage or intimal hyperplasia on the venous side between dialysis treatments. When the valve is opened for dialysis, an unrestricted blood flow exists between the arterial and venous side, permitting a controlled, open blood flow during dialysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of monitoring an extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus having an extracorporeal blood circuit and in particular a venous needle disconnection by means of pressure pulse measurement at the extracorporeal blood circuit. The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out a monitoring method and to a blood treatment apparatus which includes a corresponding monitoring apparatus.

Abstract: A power injector is disclosed having power injector control logic, which in turn includes a decay constant cross-reference, for instance in the form of a data structure. Flow rate decay constant information may be stored by the decay constant cross-reference. A decay constant, which may be used by the power injector to generate an exponentially decaying flow rate for an injection, may be stored in the decay constant cross-reference in conjunction with a particular imaging unit. The decay constant cross-reference may be searched by entering a model or module number of an imaging unit to identify the corresponding flow rate decay constant to be used by the power injector.

Abstract: A flow pathway subassembly (264, 278) including medicament flow pathway components of a medical device, and a holder (270, 280) configured for holding the components so that a center of gravity of the subassembly is disposed substantially on a central longitudinal axis of the subassembly.

Abstract: A catheter-free drug fluid infusion device, comprising a controller (11) and a pump (12) combined with the controller (11). The controller (11) comprises a first housing having a first built-in circuit. The first housing is provided with a first engagement portion and a first insertion portion electrically connected to the first built-in circuit. The pump (12) comprises a second housing having a second built-in circuit, a drug storage cylinder, a piston, a push rod, a driving means and a battery. The second housing is provided with a second engagement portion correspondingly engaged with the first engagement portion and a second insertion portion electrically connected to the second built-in circuit. The second insertion portion is correspondingly inserted in the first insertion portion to realize electrical connection between the first built-in circuit and the second built-in circuit.

Abstract: A peristaltic pump disclosed herein includes a raceway, a plunger, a motor, and a heater. The raceway is configured to retain a tube (e.g., an IV tube). The plunger acts on the tube disposed within the raceway. The motor engages the plunger to actuate the plunger. The heater is disposed in thermal-conductive contact with the tube. That is, the heater, either through direct or indirect application, heats the tube.

Abstract: Infusion systems, infusion devices, and related operating methods are provided. An exemplary method of operating an infusion device to deliver fluid to a user in accordance with an operating mode involves obtaining operational information pertaining to one or more prior instances of the operating mode, obtaining status information pertaining to the infusion device, and determining a diagnosis time based at least in part on the operational information. The diagnosis time is prior to a subsequent instance of the operating mode. At the diagnosis time, the method automatically determines the viability of the subsequent instance of the operating mode based at least in part on the status information and automatically generates a notification indicative of a recommended action for the user based at least in part on the viability.

Abstract: A catheter assembly may be provided with a catheter body and an inflatable balloon. The catheter body has a proximal end, a distal end and a balloon inflation lumen. The inflatable balloon is attachable to the distal end of the catheter body. The balloon has an inner surface that at least partially defines an interior volume. The balloon is configured such that the interior volume can be in fluid communication with the inflation lumen of the catheter body to inflate the balloon. The balloon also has a proximal surface and a distal surface. The balloon is provided with a channel that extends through the balloon. The channel is configured to provide fluid communication between the proximal surface of the balloon and the distal surface of the balloon. Other catheter assemblies and methods of use are also disclosed.

Abstract: Cardioplegia is a mixture of blood and cardioplegic solution administered through the coronary vessels to protect the myocardium during cardiopulmonary bypass procedures. Microplegia describes the use of concentrated cardioplegic solution during cardioplegia delivery in an effort to reduce hemodilution and improve myocardial protection. This new apparatus is designed to deliver concentrated cardioplegic solution during cardioplegia delivery. The apparatus features cost saving opportunities, adaptability to any cardioplegia system, simplified delivery options, and safety options. Cardioplegia flow sensor integration to the apparatus allows for convenient auto start/stop as well continuously updated flow-based delivery of the cardioplegic solution during cardioplegia delivery.

Abstract: Infusion systems, infusion devices, and related operating methods are provided. An exemplary method involves operating an infusion device to deliver fluid to a user in accordance with a first operating mode of a plurality of operating modes, obtaining operational information pertaining to the first operating mode, and obtaining clinical information pertaining to the user. A destination operating mode of the plurality of operating modes is determined based at least in part on the operational information and the clinical information, and the infusion device is operated to deliver the fluid in accordance with the destination operating mode in a manner that is influenced by at least a portion of the operational information pertaining to the first operating mode.

Abstract: A de-noising algorithm is executed dynamically as data is received to generate and update a set of candidate solutions. Each candidate solution is a representation of the data using one or more line segments, and each line segment is fitted to the data within the time period that the segment spans. During each iteration of the algorithm, one candidate solution is identified as a best solution, and properties of the best solution are utilized to dynamically compute properties of the data. To limit the number of active candidate solutions and the corresponding processing power required to update and evaluate them, candidate solutions that fall too far behind the best candidate solution are eliminated from consideration. The de-noising algorithm finds particular utility in the context of a load cell signal that is representative of a weight of an intravenous fluid container.

Abstract: A handheld diabetes manager has a graphical user interface for displaying status of an external medical device and includes a port configured to receive a test strip and a blood glucose measurement module. The diabetes manager includes a communications module that selectively communicates via a wireless data link with an external medical device to receive status data pertaining to the operation of the external medical device, and a user interface module in data communication with the blood glucose measurement module and the communications module. The graphical user interface includes a status screen that presents data pertaining to a glucose measure determined by the blood glucose measurement module concurrently with the status data received from the external medical device, such that the status data of the external medical device is presented on the status screen only when the communication module is in data communication with the external medical device.

Abstract: A device for delivery of medicament, which device comprises an elongated housing; a container mounted within said housing and adapted to contain liquid medicament; a stopper slidably arranged within said container; and actuating means comprising a resilient member, a driving means having one end connected to the stopper and a second end being operably connected to the resilient member, retaining means for releasably retaining said driving means in a first position where said resilient member has an accumulated energy, and activating means operably connected to said retaining means for releasing said driving means to a second position, upon actively operation by an user, such that said accumulated energy is transferred to the driving means for driving the stopper a predetermined distance within the container whereby the medicament within said container is delivered characterized in that the resilient member is a variable force spring adapted for generating a predetermined sequence of at least two different for

Abstract: An injection device for dispensing a product, the injection device including a moveable element which is moved for a dispensing operation, a spring, a product container holder and a product container, wherein the spring pushes against the moveable element to move the moveable element to an initial position after the dispensing operation has ended and against the product container to seat the product container in the product container holder.

Abstract: An insert useful with a dermal filler syringe is provided for facilitating mixing of active agents with dermal fillers being injected into skin.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are disclosed with regard to syringe-transfer of a solution or other fluid, optionally with a guidance bearing, within a standard or non-standard carpule, optionally having sealed top ends and measurement gradations, i.e., indicia. One embodiment is a non-standard carpule barrel having a top portion, a bottom portion, and a barrel portion therebetween. The top portion includes an opening for receiving a syringe plunger and at least a first portion for connecting to an upper portion of the syringe. The bottom portion includes another opening capable of holding a bottom end of the carpule, wherein the carpule may be a standard carpule or a non-standard carpule. The barrel portion is located between the top portion and bottom portion, and includes a cradle, which has a length capable of holding a standard or a non-standard carpule, which has a greater width than a standard carpule.

Abstract: A display assembly is proposed, comprising: a body (4) defining a window (17) having an axial extension, an indication member (2) for providing information to be displayed in the window (17), wherein the indication member (2) is movable relative to the body (4) for changing the information displayed in the window (17), a selection member (3), wherein the selection member (3) defines a masking section (45) and a non-masking section (46), the selection member (3) is rotatable around a rotation axis (x) with respect to the body (4) and with respect to the indication member (2), the non-masking section (46) and the masking section (45) partially overlap with the window (17) to define a displayed section (52) of the indication member (2), and wherein the selection member (3) and the indication member (2) are coupled such that the displayed section (52) of the indication member (2) is axially displaced within the window (17).

Abstract: A medication delivery device included molded cylindrical barrel having visual marks on the surface of the barrel in the axial direction, a plunger seals the distal opening of the cylindrical barrel, a molded needle hub disposed in the proximal opening of the cylindrical barrel for sealing the needle hub to the barrel. A needle is disposed in the needle hub for communicating liquids by operation of the plunger in the axial direction. The circumferential surface on the flange of the needle hub comprises a colored mark that corresponds to a characteristic of the medication delivery device or its contents.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide automatic injection devices, housing components for automatic injection devices and methods for fabricating the same. An exemplary housing of an automatic injection device may be overmolded with one or more gripping surfaces to facilitate gripping and manipulation of the automatic injection device by a user when performing an injection. In an exemplary embodiment, an overmolded left gripping surface may extend along a left side of the housing and an overmolded right gripping surface may extend along a right side of the housing opposite to the left side.

Abstract: The priming configuration comprises a piston rod (1), a bung (2), which is provided to be driven by the piston rod, and a movable element (5), which is engaged with the piston rod. The movable element is arranged to be movable in a predefined direction (10) with respect to the piston rod by a user of the drug delivery device. A movement of the movable element in the predefined direction advances the piston rod in a further direction (11), providing a priming of the drug delivery device before use. The predefined direction may especially be transverse to the further direction, and the further direction may especially be directed from the piston rod towards the bung (2). A gap (12) or clearance between the piston rod (1) and the bung (2) can thus be removed, and the stiction of the bung (2) to the cartridge (3) can be reduced.

Abstract: A syringe assembly including a plunger rod having a first end, a second end, and a rod portion extending therebetween, wherein at least a portion of the rod portion is flexible is disclosed. The flexible portion of the rod portion allows a stopper to be moved between a first position and a second position within a syringe barrel while the overall length of the syringe assembly remains the same throughout the movement between the first position and the second position. In another embodiment, a syringe assembly including a restraining member adapted to communicate with the flexible portion of the rod portion such that movement of the first end of the plunger rod in a first direction actuates movement of the second end of the plunger rod in a second direction different than the first direction is disclosed.

Abstract: A drive mechanism (11) for a delivery device comprising —a drive member (17) for driving a piston rod (13); —a moveable dose setting member (19, 35) being decoupled from the drive member (17) in a dose setting state; the dose setting member (19, 35) being moveable in a drive direction in a dose delivery state, wherein the movement of the dose setting member (19, 35) is transferred to the drive member (17); and —a dose control means (49) being coupled to the dose setting member (19, 35) by a rack-and-pinion means (51, 67) in such a manner that the movement of the dose setting member (19, 35) is transferred to a movement of the dose control means (49), wherein the movement of the dose setting member (19, 35) is stopped when the dose control means (49) reaches an end position.

Abstract: The invention refers to a drug delivery device for selecting and dispensing a number of user variable doses of a medicament. The device comprises a housing (10), a cartridge (170) containing a medicament and a last dose protection mechanism for preventing the selection of a dose, which exceeds the amount of medicament left in a cartridge (170). This last dose protection mechanism comprises a first member (60), which is rotatable in a first direction during dose FIG. 2 selecting and in the opposite direction during dose dispensing, a second member (50) coupled to the first member (60) and to the housing (10) such that the second member is moved relative to the first member (60) and to the housing (10) upon rotation of the first member (60) and a third member (100) which is moved relative to the first and second member (50, 60) during dose dispensing. Abutment of the second and third member (50, 100) prevents increasing the selected dose.

Abstract: An assembly for a drug delivery device (200) is presented which comprises a housing (24) having a proximal end (25) and a distal end (26), a cartridge, a plunger (19) which is movably retained in the cartridge (14) and a piston rod (6). The assembly further comprises a rod displacement feature (33). The assembly is configured such that, in an initial state of the assembly, the piston rod (6) and the rod displacement feature (33) are arranged such that movement of the rod displacement feature (33) from the first position to the second position is transferred to the piston rod (6) such that the piston rod (6) is moved with respect to the cartridge (14) and the assembly is switched from the initial state to a primed state. In the primed state, movement of the rod displacement feature (33) from the first position to the second position is not transferred to the piston rod (6).

Abstract: A drive mechanism for a delivery device is presented. The drive mechanism comprises a housing (24) and a piston rod (6) having a longitudinal axis (x) and a piston rod feature (17). The drive mechanism further comprises a drive member (1) being movable with respect to the housing (24). The drive member (1) comprises a drive feature (15). The drive feature (15) is selectively engageable with the piston rod feature (17) by the radial displacement of the drive member (1) with respect to the piston rod (6). When the drive member (1) is in the first position, the drive member (1) is disengaged from the piston rod (6), and when the drive member (1) is in the second position, the drive feature (15) is engaged with the piston rod feature (17). When the drive member (1) moves distally with respect to the housing (24), said distal movement is transferred to the piston rod (6) such that the piston rod (6) moves distally with respect to the housing (24).

Abstract: An injector for administering a first and a second liquid or pasty substance, in particular a drug, comprises an outer injector body in which an inner injector body is longitudinally displaceably guided in which a plunger is longitudinally displaceably guided. To improve such an injector, the inner injector body has a cuff which sealingly contacts the inner wall of the outer injector body and which can be flowed around by the second liquid or pasty substance when it is in the end position in the outer injector body.

Abstract: An injection needle assembly includes a needle extended from a needle seat and a lockable needle arrangement which includes a locking platform radially extended from the needle seat, a needle enclosure foldably extended from the locking platform for enclosing the needle, and a locker unit including a first locker provided at the locking platform and a second locker provided at the needle enclosure, wherein the first and second lockers are engaged in a non-releasable manner to securely lock up the needle enclosure on the locking platform for ensuring the needle to be enclosed within the needle enclosure. Therefore, after the use of the needle for injection, the needle is enclosed and protected by the needle enclosure for preventing any cross infection.