Abstract: Systems and methods for determining the area of a sash opening in a fume hood formed by at least one movable sash panel. Fume hoods have sash panels mounted over a hood opening to an enclosure structure of the fume hood. The sash panels are moved to open or close the fume hood at the sash opening for access to a work surface. A camera is mounted in a fume hood enclosure space to capture an image of the sash opening. An area determining function is configured to receive a digital representation of the image. The image is analyzed by detecting edges in the image. The image edges corresponding to edges of the sash opening are identified. The area of the sash opening is determined by applying a scaling value to the area formed by the image edges corresponding to the area of the sash opening.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method for decomposing a body of a deceased person, as an alternative to traditional cremation. The apparatus includes a primary vessel where the body is treated with a highly basic solvent to render the body into skeletal remains and liquid remains. A clamp is applied to the skull during processing for solvent access to the skull. A secondary vessel is used to receive the liquid remains from the primary vessel and further treat them. During this further treatment, the skeletal remains left in the primary vessel after the liquefied portion has been transferred to the secondary vessel, can be treated to be decolorized and deodorized, and then returned to the decedent's next of kin as ash-like material.

Abstract: Simple flow path with minimum turns for the vapor extraction flow paths can provide maximum air flow with minimal head loss, leading to higher efficiency in a thermal desorption process. Hot air vapor extraction arrangement can include large diameter vertical or horizontal trunk line or curved plate with continuous wire wrap well screens. The vapor extraction trunk can draw all vapors to the center of the soil box, which can reduce the treatment time by substantially removing condensation zone. The interior of the vapor extraction well screen and trunk can include porous material, which can reduce dust within the vapor stream, eliminate potential short circuiting in the event of a screen rupture and reduce potential explosion hazards.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, a computer program and a rolling mill train for cold rolling a metal strip (200). In order to achieve a shortening of undesired off-gauge lengths, the method according to the invention provides that the head (210) of the metal strip (200) already undergoes a thickness reduction at the first active rolling stand (n) in the rolling mill train, and then is transported on to the next rolling stand, in order to undergo a further thickness reduction there. The method according to the invention also provides for further reducing the initial pass thickness at the n-th rolling stand in accordance with the tensile stress that has built up in the meantime between the n+1-th and the n-th rolling stand.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cooling control method which comprises calculating cooling conditions required for cooling the steel plate to a predetermined temperature for a plurality of positions inside a cooling apparatus based on measured temperatures at a time when the steel plate passes through the cooling apparatus by a thermometer disposed at the entry-side of the cooling apparatus and setting a cooling schedule, calculating a heat transfer coefficient from the set temperature and a cooling water density for cooling one surface of the steel plate, calculating a cooling top water density from the calculated heat transfer coefficient, and controlling the amounts of cooling water of the cooling apparatus based on the ratio of the cooling bottom water density and cooling top water density so as to cool the steel plate to a predetermined cooling end temperature.

Abstract: In one example, an adapter assembly for a system for cold working a portion of a metal layer of a metal/composite structure is provided. The portion being cold worked may surround a hole in a structure that includes the metal layer and a non-metal layer. In some examples, the adapter assembly includes a shim adapter housing including a face wall, having a first aperture that is larger than the hole, and a side wall, extending from the face wall. A cavity is at least partially delimited by the face wall and the side wall. The adapter assembly also includes a shim, dimensioned to fit within the cavity. The shim has a second aperture that is larger than the first aperture. Other embodiments may be described.

Abstract: Provided are a seamless bent pipe constituted by a bent section and straight pipe sections on both ends of the bent section, with the inside diameter at each pipe end portion being larger than the inside diameter of the bent section, and a welded component comprising a seamless bent pipe and a seamless straight pipe at one or each end of the seamless bent pipe, with the end of the seamless straight pipe to be welded to one or each end of the seamless bent pipe having the same inside diameter as the inside diameter of the seamless bent pipe, as well as methods of manufacturing them. As a result, elements suited for use in pipelines can be obtained, without unnecessarily increasing the wall thickness of the seamless bent pipe and without internal machining of the pipe end portions of the seamless bent pipe after the manufacturing thereof.

Abstract: A roller hemming device includes a large diameter roller having a large tapered surface and a small diameter roller having a small cylindrical surface. The small diameter roller is coaxially disposed with the large diameter roller. The small diameter roller and the large diameter roller enable to relatively move in an axial direction. The outer diameter of the small cylindrical surface is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the large tapered surface.

Abstract: This method is for producing a compact (fuel-cell separator) having a projection by pressing a plate by a die and a punch. A tip end surface of the punch presses the plate to form an overhang, and then a sidewall of the overhang is sandwiched between an inclined surface of the die and an inclined surface of the punch, and in this state the sidewall is rolled, thereby forming the projection.

Abstract: Provided is a die trim section with a recess adapted to retain slugs in a stamping process. The recess may be added to existing die inserts via wire EDM, conventional surface grinding or other suitable methods. The lateral depth of the recess in the trim section is approximately equal to the cutting clearance of a die trim or blank insert. The recess is preferably tapered inward toward the die opening, wherein the upper portion is at the die level and the bottom portion is within the die trim insert interior. The recess creates a small tab on a slug that is wedged into the trim section, preventing the slug from being pulled upwards when the punch is withdrawn. Configurations of the recess vary depending upon slug size and material thickness, cutting clearance, dimensions of the trim section, and dimensions and configuration of the finished product.

Abstract: A method for forming a joint in at least one high strength sheet steel having a UTS in the range 200 to 1400 MPa using a self-piercing rivet includes the steps of: positioning the sheet material over a die and providing a rivet having a substantially cylindrical shank and a head, the shank having a central blind bore and an annular piercing end spaced from said head. The ratio of the difference between the outside and inside diameters of the shank in the region around the bore to the outside diameter of the shank is in the range 0.47 to 0.52. The method also includes positioning a rivet over the sheet material at a position opposite the die and using a punch to set the rivet and force it into the sheet material such that it pierces the upper surface thereof and such that the shank deforms outwardly to interlock with the material but without penetration to the die side of the material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a dog ring gear, each dog being made up of a front portion and a rear portion, the method including the following steps: forming, by means of compression and sintering, a ring gear with dog preforms extending on all or part of the periphery thereof; and calibrating the sintered ring gear in a die including a front die half and a rear die half intended for engaging at the junction between the front and rear portions of the dogs, the thickness (A) of a rear portion (BP) of each preform, in the original plane of the dogs, being greater than the narrowest section (S1) of a groove formed in the rear die half and smaller than the thickest section (S2) of the groove, in the plane.

Abstract: A method for producing a metal component such as a metal turbomachine blade reinforcement, includes positioning a plurality of metal staples in a forming tool having a die and a punch; and hot isostatic pressing the plurality of metal staples causing the agglomeration of the metal staples so as to obtain a solid component.

Abstract: One embodiment includes a method to regenerate a component. The method includes additively manufacturing the component with at least a portion of the component in a near finished shape. The component is encased in a shell mold, the shell mold is cured, the encased component is placed in a furnace and the component is melted, the component is solidified in the shell mold, and the shell mold is removed from the solidified component.

Abstract: Various techniques are provided for creating fugitive foam patterns for use in investment casting operations. In certain illustrative embodiments, a fugitive foam pattern is assembled from independently formed portions. A first section is formed in a mold. Once cured, a mating surface of the first section is exposed to the cavity of a second mold and the section is formed. The second section integrally adheres to the first section. The process is repeated as necessary. In alternative embodiments, a channel is created in a foam pattern using a temporary core that is removed without chemical leaching. The core material comprises water-soluble materials, acid-soluble materials, low-melting point materials, or a combination thereof. A pattern may also be created by inserting foam around a core that remains with the foam pattern.

Abstract: Various enhanced features are provided for centrifugal casting apparatuses, rotatable assemblies, and molds for casting products from molten material. These enhanced features include, among others, tapered gate portions positioned adjacent to the cavities of a mold, extended and shared gating systems, and detachable mold structures for modifying the thermodynamic characteristics and behavior of molds during casting operations.

Abstract: A molding device includes a mold that forms a casting by cooling received melt, and a stirring unit that applies a magnetic field to the melt in the mold and allows a current to flow in the melt. The mold forms a vertical casting space that includes an inlet into which the melt flows and an outlet from which a product is taken. A transition plate is disposed at the mold space inlet. The melt can flow into the casting space from a hole in the transition plate. The stirring unit includes a magnetic field unit making lines of magnetic force vertically run into the casting space, and a first electrode at the inlet side and a second electrode at the outlet side that can flow current through the melt in the casting space, and generate an electromagnetic force by making the flowing current cross the lines of magnetic force.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a centrifugal casting machine, including: a rotating plate rotating by means of a motor; a cylindrical sleeve installed on the rotating plate and having an internal diameter corresponding to an external diameter of silicon steel plates constituting a core in the sleeve; an upper mold internally installed on the sleeve to define a first molding space into which a molten metal is introduced to mold an end ring; a lower mold internally installed on the sleeve to define a second molding space into which a molten metal is introduced to mold an end ring; a dummy shaft fitted in the center of the core and coupled to the lower mold; a cap coupled to an upper end of the dummy shaft to press the core; and a hydraulic ram coupled to the lower mold to move the lower mold up and down and coupled to the rotating plate to rotate therewith.

Abstract: A die casting apparatus includes: an electromagnetic pump body disposed at a plunger sleeve-side end portion of a molten metal holding furnace; and a connecting pipe connected to the electromagnetic pump body and the plunger sleeve to provide communication between the electromagnetic pump body and a molten metal feed port, the connecting pipe being separable from the electromagnetic pump body. The die casting apparatus further includes a moving mechanism configured to allow the electromagnetic pump body to move between an inclined state where the electromagnetic pump body is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane in the molten metal holding furnace at an angle of approximately 45 degrees and an upright state where the electromagnetic pump body is perpendicular to the horizontal plane in the molten metal holding furnace.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of processing the surface of a cavity a casting die wherein the fluidity is good even if the shape of the surface of the cavity (castings) has a complex shape, mold releasability are excellent, reprocessing is possible, and the life of the die can be prolonged. A step (A) for forming hemispherical first dimples (12) by the particles to be sprayed on the surface of the cavity (11), and a step (B) for forming second dimples (13) by the particles to be sprayed, which second dimples are smaller than the first dimples (12), are provided. A treating method (a) and a treating method (b) where either step (A) or step (B) is carried out depending on the requirements, and a method (c), where only the first dimples (12) are formed by carrying out only step (A) are also provided.

Abstract: A system for making a material having domains with insulated boundaries is provided. The system includes a droplet spray subsystem configured to create molten alloy droplets and direct the molten alloy droplets to a surface, a spray subsystem configured to direct a spray of an agent at deposited droplets on the surface. The agent creates insulation layers on the deposited droplets such that the droplets form a material having domains with insulated boundaries on the surface.

Abstract: Systems and methods for fabrication of implantable medical devices using an Electron Beam Melting (EBM) manufacturing process are provided. According to one embodiment, an EBM manufacturing system is caused to perform a fabrication process that results in an implantable medical device of unitary construction having a solid volume and a porous volume. A layer of metal powder is spread across a build platform of the EBM manufacturing system. Portions of the layer of metal powder are selectively heated in accordance each portion's association with the solid volume or the porous volume by scanning the layer of metal powder with an electron beam of the EBM manufacturing system and adjusting a power of the electron beam and a speed of said scanning. The build platform is lowered based on a predetermined layer thickness and the process of continues on a layer-by-layer basis until the implantable medical device is completed.

Abstract: A metal powder reconditioning apparatus and method recondition contaminated residual powder from an additive manufacturing device. The apparatus and method include a reducing chamber that receives contaminated residual powder resulting from an additive manufacturing process and remove oxygen from the contaminated residual powder to produce reconditioned powder. The reconditioned powder may be reused in the additive manufacturing process, or may be stored in a non-oxidizing atmosphere for later reuse.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the cutting insert having a cutting edge which has a corner section that forms a convex arc shape when seen in a planar view from direction facing the rake face and a linear section that is in contact with the corner section at least at one end of the corner section and extends linearly. The cutting edge is provided with a first region along the corner section when seen in a planar a second region along the linear section and a third region between the first region and the second region. A rake angle of the cutting edge in the third region is made greater than rake angles of the cutting edges in the first region and the second region.

Abstract: A tool holder on which a nonrotational tool is mounted is mounted on a spindle of a machining center. A tool holder body of the tool holder includes a positioning pin that is inserted into the machining center and a locking mechanism. When the positioning pin is not inserted into the machining center, the locking mechanism locks the rotation of the tool holder body relative to a drive shaft. When the positioning pin is inserted into the machining center, the locking mechanism allows the rotation of the tool holder body relative to the drive shaft.

Abstract: A chuck including a body with a nose section defining an axial bore formed therein, a plurality of jaws movably disposed with respect to the body, and a sleeve rotatably mounted about the body so that rotation of the sleeve moves the jaws relative to the axial bore. A bearing has a first race, a second race, and at least one bearing element disposed therebetween, one of the first race and the second race defining a ratchet and the other defining a pawl biased toward the ratchet. A biasing element is disposed between the pawl and the sleeve. The biasing element exerts a biasing force on the pawl toward the ratchet and the ratchet and the pawl prevent the second race from rotating in the opening direction with respect to the first race when engaged.

Abstract: A chuck with a generally cylindrical body having a tail section configured to receive a drive shaft of a driver and a nose section having an axial bore formed therein. A plurality of jaws is movably disposed with respect to the body. A threaded spindle is rotatably connected to the body and operatively engages the jaws. A first ring is fixedly mounted about the body and has a first plurality of teeth. An inner sleeve is rotatably mounted about the tail section and has an open portion. A second ring that has at least one protrusion that mates with the corresponding open portion and extends outwardly from the inner sleeve and the ring has a second plurality of teeth. An outer sleeve is placed concentrically around the inner sleeve and contains a lock groove that the protrusion of the second ring is situated inside the lock groove.

Abstract: A Drill Press Circular Pattern tool comprises a Table Mount which is attached to the drill press table; a Left Alignment Plate and a Right Alignment Plate; a Slide Plate with Centering Pin; a Lock Down Bolt; mounted on top of the Slide Plate is the Rotation Plate with a Degree Gear. A Router Circle Cutter tool comprises an Alignment Plate with an Alignment Pin and a Slide Plate with one or two Centering Pins; the Slide Plate with measuring surface is mechanically coupled to the Alignment Plate with two Slide Plate Brackets; the Alignment Plate is mechanically coupled to the Router Table with Alignment Plate Mounting Bolts/Nut Knobs; the Slide Plate with Centering Pin(s) attached slides on the Router Table top while attached to the Alignment Plate with the two Slide Plate Brackets.

Abstract: A drill bit has a shank adapted to be attached to a power tool and a cutting portion adapted to drill a hole in a material. A collar is spaced along the length of the drill bit to set a depth distance that the drill bit is allowed to be inserted into a material being drilled. The drill bit further comprises a first engagement structure. A sleeve comprises a second engagement structure that is releasably engageable with the first engagement structure. The sleeve further comprises a coupling mechanism for connecting the sleeve to a fastener driver.

Abstract: A variable lead end mill has a plurality of peripheral cutting edges with different helix angles, the variable lead end mill having a flute bottom diameter of a plurality of helix flutes making up rake faces of the plurality of the peripheral cutting edges, the flute bottom diameter increasing in an axial direction from a tool tip toward a shank.

Abstract: Various resistivity logging tools, systems, and methods are disclosed. At least some system embodiments include a logging tool and at least one processor. The logging tool provides transmitter-receiver coupling measurements that include at least direct coupling along the longitudinal tool axis (Czz), direct coupling along the perpendicular axis (Cxx or Cyy), and cross coupling along the longitudinal and perpendicular axes (Cxz, Cyz, Czx, or Czy). The processor performs a multi-step inversion of said transmitter-receiver coupling measurements to obtain values for model parameters. Based at least in part on the model parameters, the processor determines borehole corrections for the transmitter-receiver coupling measurements and may further provide one or more logs derived from the borehole corrected transmitter-receiver coupling measurements.

Abstract: A hand-held power tool includes a motor having a stator and a rotor, the motor being configured to rotate the rotor at a speed of at least 40,000 rpm, an output shaft directly driven by the rotor, a tool accessory shaft configured to support a tool accessory, and a two-stage speed reducing transmission operably connecting the output shaft to the tool accessory shaft. The two-stage speed reducing transmission is configured to drive the tool accessory shaft at a rate less than the rotor speed, for example, at a rate less than or equal to 37.5% of the rotor speed.

Abstract: A jigsaw blade has an elongated body with a first and second end, a cutting edge and an opposing back edge. A plurality of teeth is formed on the cutting edge. The first tooth of the plurality of teeth is immediately adjacent the second end of the blade. The first tooth is raker tooth and has a rake face and a clearance face. The rake face and clearance face intersect to form a cutting edge of the first tooth. The second end defines a plunging nose. The second end includes a nose end surface that extends between the cutting edge and the back edge. The nose end surface is on an angle of about 35° with respect to a line defined by tips of the plurality of teeth. The nose end surface intersects the first tooth relief surface to form an angled cutting edge with a leading sharp point.

Abstract: Disclosed, herein is a deburring device for removing burrs generated on a joint between window frames. The deburring device includes: first and second scrapers (111) and (112) provided on an end of a scraper rod that is moved back and forth toward the joint; first scraper-guide bars (111) and second scraper-guide bars (112) assembled with left and right side surfaces of the first and second scrapers supports (131) and (132) respectively assembled with corresponding left and right outer surfaces of the scraper-guide bars; and push bar (141) and (142) provide to vary a distance between the first and second scrapers. Each push bar includes: on a front end thereof a contact member making contact with corresponding-upper and lower contact rollers provided on the first and second scraper-guide bars; and a guide member moving back and forth along a guide depression formed in the corresponding support.

Abstract: In carrying out electric discharge machining of a graphite or carbon-composite workpiece by a wire electric discharge machine, a voltage lower than that used in machining a metal workpiece by the wire electric discharge machine is supplied to a machining gap. Further, the peak value and the pulse width of a total discharge current flowing from a power supply device for electric discharge machining to a wire electrode are adjusted within ranges of 30 to 150 amperes and 0.3 to 6.4 microseconds, respectively.

Abstract: A mechanism capable of decreasing wires which are not appropriately supplied with power and performing the electrical discharge machining high in uniformity between multiple wires. A wire electrical discharge machining system configured to slice a workpiece at an interval of wires arranged side by side at equally spaced intervals causes the wire to travel in the same direction and includes a power feed contact configured to collectively supply a machining power supply to a plurality of the traveling wires, in which two adjacent power feed contacts respectively come into contact with the plurality of the wires supplied with the machining power supply and arranged without being aligned in the direction vertical to the direction in which the wire travels.

Abstract: A working fluid supply device of an electric discharge machine draws up a cleaned fluid from a cleaned-fluid tank by means of a pump and supplies it to a working tank. The pump is connected with a first fluid circuit configured to supply the drawn cleaned fluid to the working tank and a second fluid circuit configured to supply the drawn cleaned fluid to an ion-exchange resin and a refrigerator. In supplying the cleaned fluid to the working tank, the first and second fluid circuits are opened and closed, respectively. In supplying the cleaned fluid to the ion-exchange resin and the refrigerator, the first and second fluid circuits are closed and opened, respectively.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method for the electrochemical machining of work pieces, such as, for example, nozzles, in particular nozzles with a blind hole. The invention also refers to a device for the electrochemical machining of work pieces. The invention is characterized by a relative movement, in particular a rotary movement during the machining between work piece and cathode. The device is characterized in that cathode and/or work piece are supported rotatably on bearings for a relative movement.

Abstract: In a method for brazing a sheet material without use of flux, an inert gas is firstly introduced into an oxygen pump to reduce an oxygen partial pressure in the inert gas to 1×10?10 Pa or less, and the sheet material is heated in a brazing furnace in an atmosphere of the inert gas discharged from the oxygen pump. A core alloy of the sheet material or a brazing filler alloy cladded to a surface of the core alloy contains Mg. Both the core alloy and the brazing filler alloy may contain Mg. Accordingly, brazability of the sheet material is sufficiently improved.

Abstract: Provided are apparatuses configured to attach a solder ball, methods of attaching a solder ball, and methods of fabricating a semiconductor package including the same. An apparatus configured to attach a solder ball includes a chuck configured to receive a package substrate on which solder balls are provided; a shielding mask configured to shield the package substrate and including holes configured to expose the solder balls; and a heater configured to melt the solder balls exposed through the holes.

Abstract: A diffuser insert is provided for use with a welding diffuser and contact tip assembly comprising a diffuser with an interior chamber configured to receive a wire conduit that supplies electrode wire and a shielding gas used during a welding operation and a contact tip coupled to the diffuser and configured to receive electrode wire. The diffuser insert comprises a diffuser insert body configured to be disposed within the interior chamber of the diffuser, and further comprises an insert bore extending therethrough configured to receive electrode wire. An outer periphery of the diffuser insert has at least one surface feature configured to manipulate a flow of said shielding gas from within said interior chamber of the diffuser and out of exit passages to thereby direct said flow of shielding gas about a molten welding puddle formed during a welding operation.

Abstract: A method and device for producing a hole in an object is disclosed. The method includes the generation of a beam for removing material such that a bottom of a borehole is placed in a focus position of the beam, and a removal of material by impingement of the beam on the bottom of the borehole. A repeated placing of the bottom of the borehole in a focus position of the beam in order to compensate for the increased depth of the hole as a result of the removal of material is combined with a step of changing a radiation characteristic of the beam when the bottom of the borehole is repeatedly placed in a focus position.

Abstract: A friction stir processing tool having a shoulder, which is implemented on a body, and which has a friction surface for pressing against at least one workpiece at least partially provided with a surface coating, and a friction reducing unit for reducing the friction resistance between the surface coating and the friction surface.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy propeller shaft including a tube made of an aluminum alloy, and a pair of yoke members made of an aluminum alloy, the yoke members including cylindrical base portions friction-welded to opposite end portions of the tube, each of the yoke members including a tip end portion having a pair of bearing retaining holes aligned with each other in a radial direction of the base portion. Variation in length between a central axis of the bearing retaining holes in one of the yoke members and a central axis of the bearing retaining holes in the other yoke member with respect to a reference length is set within a range of from +2.0 mm to ?2.0 mm. A friction welding process of producing an aluminum alloy propeller shaft, including a friction step, a position displacement detection step, a rotation stop step and an upset step.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for laser deposition welding of powdery welding material. The powdery welding material is conveyed via a nozzle coaxial with respect to a laser beam directed in a focused manner with a constant focal length onto a processing region through the nozzle onto the processing region. Optical elements are arranged in a laser optical unit for the shaping and guidance of the laser beam. The laser optical unit is attached to a processing head and can be moved with the processing head parallel to the laser beam by a first drive. The plane of the focal point can thereby be changed with respect to the surface. The nozzle can be moved independently of the laser optical unit parallel to the optical axis of the laser beam by a second drive.

Abstract: A method of scribing a graphic on a material is provided, in which laser output is applied to the material. The laser output is moved relative to the material at a high speed greater than 10 m per second, and at a high power greater than 500 W, to scribe a graphic on a surface of the material. Also provided is a system for scribing a graphic on a material. The method and system of the invention are especially useful in the scribing of building materials.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a laser welded steel pipe by forming a steel strip into a cylindrical open pipe and performing laser welding on edges that includes: emitting two laser beams along the edges from an upper surface side of the open pipe, the two laser beams being transmitted through different optical fibers with in-focus spot diameters exceeding 0.3 mm; emitting leading and trailing laser beams each inclined toward a direction in which welding proceeds at an incident angle with respect to a direction perpendicular to an upper surface of the open pipe; setting the incident angle of the leading laser beam to be larger than the incident angle of the trailing laser beam; and setting a gap between a center point of the leading laser beam and a center point of the trailing laser beam on a back surface of the open pipe to 1 mm or larger.

Abstract: A visually seamless method of joining a first piece of metal and a second piece of metal is described. The first piece of metal is placed in contact with an edge of the second piece of metal. In some embodiments, the edge includes a sacrificial lip. The first piece of metal forming a junction area with the edge of the second piece of metal, applying a forging force to the first piece of metal, the forging force having an effect of creating an extremely tight fit up between the first and the second pieces of metal, welding the first and the second pieces to form an assembly and forming a cosmetically enhancing protective layer on the surface of the assembly, the protective layer obscuring any visible artifacts on the surface of the assembly, the obscured visible artifacts including any discoloration or discontinuity created by the laser welding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production of a piston (1), composed of a piston upper part (2) and a piston lower part (3), of an internal combustion engine, in which the piston upper part (2) is welded with the piston lower part (3) via a contact surface (4) and thereby a cooling duct (5), delimited therebetween, is formed. It is essential to the invention here that for the production or keeping free of an net opening (6) and/or of an outlet opening (7) of the cooling duct (5) during or immediately after the welding of the piston upper part (2) with the piston lower part (3) at least one pin (8) is held out from the piston lower part (3) in the cooling duct (5) or is pushed therein and is drawn out again after the welding process, so that a welding bead (9) occurring on the welding process does not constrict a cross-section of the net opening (6) and/or of the outlet opening (7). Hereby, the piston (1) can be produced at a comparatively favorable cost.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are presented for repairing damage to the boundary wall between an engine coolant passage and a fuel injector bore in a cylinder head. The method involves removing the fuel injector from the fuel injector bore adjoining the damaged boundary wall and inserting a purpose-built sealant injector tool into the fuel injector bore. The sealant injector tool is dimensionally equivalent to the fuel injector in critical regions so that it conforms to the interior surface of the fuel injector bore. Sealant is injected into the sealant injector tool at high pressure until the sealant flows into the crack between the fuel injector bore and the coolant passage after which the sealant injector tool is removed and the fuel injector reinstalled.