Abstract: A method for removing sulfate from a wastewater stream includes mixing gibbsite and a calcium source to precipitate Ettringite from the wastewater stream and produce an effluent with a reduced sulfate concentration. The gibbsite in the precipitated Ettringite is regenerated by mixing an acid with the Ettringite and precipitating gibbsite particles, after which the gibbsite particles are subjected to a crystallization process to increase the size of the gibbsite particles which are recycled back to the main stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing a low-chloride hydrolyzate comprising subjecting an acid or base hydrolyzed substrate of a chlorosilane direct process residue to a mechanochemical means to provide a hydrolyzate with a chloride content of less than about 1.1% by weight. The process of present invention is especially useful in cement kilns and smelter operation.

Abstract: A drinking water supply device may comprise a mineral water supply module comprising a mineral cartridge to store condensed minerals, a mineral supply pipe provided with a micro channel to supply minerals to a water supply pipe, a mineral cartridge receiver detachably coupled to the mineral cartridge and connected to the mineral supply pipe, a mineral supply valve to open and close the mineral supply pipe, and a discharge pipe to discharge filtered water or mineral water. A method of cleaning a drinking water supply device may comprise of discharging residual minerals using a mineral drainage unit including a drainage pipe connected to the mineral supply pipe and a drainage valve to open and close the drainage pipe, supplying cleaning water to a channel in which minerals or mineral water flow of the mineral water supply module, and supplying rinsing water to the channel.

Abstract: A drinking water supply device may include a filtered water pipe, a flow rate sensor, a water supply pipe, a mineral supply pipe provided with a mineral supply valve, a mineral cartridge configured to connect to the mineral supply pipe, a mineral mixer configured to connect to the water supply pipe and the mineral supply pipe and configured to allow mixing of the minerals from the mineral supply pipe with the filtered water in the water supply pipe, a pump, a discharge pipe configured to connect to the mineral mixer and the water supply pipe, and a controller configured to control an output voltage of the pump in order to adjust an amount of minerals that are supplied to the water supply pipe based on a flow rate sensed by the flow rate sensor.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of bismuth oxyhalide, comprising a precipitation of bismuth oxyhalide in an acidic aqueous medium in the presence of a reducing agent. Also provided are bismuth oxyhalide compounds doped with elemental bismuth B(0), The use of Bi(0) doped bismuth oxyhalide as photocatalysts in water purification is also described.

Abstract: A method to control a process variable in a process by means of a control unit comprises: sequential determination of values of a reference variable to be supplied to the first control unit based on the values of a first measurand; sequential determination of values of a regulating variable using both values for the reference variable and sequentially determined values for the process variable; with a current value for the reference variable being determined: by sequentially saving values of the first measurand, or values derived therefrom, in a first FIFO memory having a number K of memory locations for saving one value respectively, namely a memory featuring a number K of logically consecutive memory locations (j=1) in such a way that the oldest of the values saved in the first FIFO memory is saved in a first memory location (j=1) and the value saved last in the first FIFO memory is saved in a final memory location (j=k); and by using only the n oldest values saved in the first FIFO memory to determine t

Abstract: The microorganism-containing biocatalysts disclosed have a large population of the microorganisms irreversibly retained in the interior of the biocatalysts. The biocatalysts possess a surprisingly stable population of microorganisms and have an essential absence of debris generation from metabolic activity of the microorganisms. The biocatalysts are composed of highly hydrophilic polymer and have an internal, open, porous structure that promotes community phenotypic changes.

Abstract: A biological process for treating metal- and/or sulphate-containing waste water includes introducing at least one macroalgal species selected from Klebsormidium acidophilum, Microspora quadrata and Oedogonium crassum, into a body of water. Waste water is introduced into the body of water. In a water treatment stage, the macroalgal species are allowed to biosorb at least one metal and/or at least one sulphate from the waste water, thereby to bioremediate the waste water.

Abstract: A method for treating an oil-containing medium including oil or grease or both oil and grease includes the steps of combining algae with an oil-containing medium and allowing the algae to engulf or uptake at least a portion of the oil or grease in the oil-containing medium. A mixture for treating oil or grease or both oil and grease includes an oil-containing medium including oil or grease or both oil and grease and phagotrophic algae that engulf or uptake at least a portion of the oil or grease in the oil-containing medium.

Abstract: A liquid composition containing a microbial consortium for treatment of wastewater or water containing organic waste matter, the microbial consortium having at least one saprophytic yeast, at least one photosynthetic microbe, and at least one diazotrophic microbe, wherein the microbes in the consortium are arranged and adapted to form a symbiotic relationship to one another in the wastewater upon administering to and growing in the wastewater. The liquid composition disclosed herein produces an oleaginous biomass suitable for production of biocrude oil.

Abstract: A method for treating a cooling water system includes adding a (meth)acrylic acid-based copolymer to a cooling water system having a part where the calcium hardness of the cooling water is 150 to 300 mg/L and the flow rate of the cooling water is 0.3 to 0.5 m/s, wherein the (meth)acrylic acid-based copolymer has a structural unit (a) derived from a specific (meth)acrylic acid-based monomer (A) and a structural unit (b) derived from a specific (meth)allyl ether-based monomer (B), the content of the structural unit (b) is 15% by mole to 20% by mole relative to 100% by mole of the structural units derived from all the monomers, the weight-average molecular weight of the (meth)acrylic acid-based copolymer is 10,000 to 30,000, and at least one of the main chain terminal groups of the (meth)acrylic acid-based copolymer is a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof.

Abstract: Method for treating water, containing organic matter characterized in that it comprises a step of adsorption of the organic matter contained in said water, in which this water is put into contact with an amagnetic ion-exchanging resin in an infinitely stirred tank (1); the filtering of the mixture of water and resin within the tank (1) and the discharging of filtered water from this tank, the filtering being implemented through at least one screen (4) provided within the tank (1) enabling the resin to be contained in the infinitely stirred tank; the periodic cleansing of the screen (4) consisting of the separation, from this screen, of the saturated resin that has collected thereon; the drawing off (18) of saturated resin from the tank (1); the regenerating (6) of at least a part of the saturated resin thus drawn off; the recycling (7) of said resin thus regenerated in the tank (1); a step of ballasted coagulation/flocculation (12, 13) and separation (14) comprising the addition of coagulant reagent (12b), fl

Abstract: The method according to the invention provides a method for treating a waste water, where (a) the waste water is provided having specific sulfate, chloride, mercury, and selenium concentrations, (b) the waste water (WW) is fed to a high pressure separator 1 using a high-pressure pump (P1) in which the waste water (WW) is separated into a permeate volume (PV) containing reduced sulfate, chloride, mercury, and selenium concentrations and a concentrate volume (CV), (c) and where the concentrate volume (CV) is separated using a cleaning apparatus 4 that reduces both mercury and selenium in the concentrate volume.

Abstract: The purpose of the invention is to divert all of the city or industrial wastewater, and particularly to prevent the pathogenic elements from flowing back to the rivers or waterways. The product of the whole process will be decontaminated, transformed into fertilizer and brought to the farmlands and forests through networks of hoses. The new idea is to treat municipal and industrial organic waste and wastewater by a methanation process in floating bioreactors revolving on themselves by air ejected underneath. Various new valves, pumps, and a new model of steam engine are created for the process. The gas produced furnishes a source of heat and its pressure is used for the functioning of the whole system. All the actions of the system, mixing, heating and pumping, are self-motion, and in the end, the new steam engine activates generators that produce electricity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a boron containing glass, comprising melting raw materials including boron compounds in a submerged combustion melter (11), withdrawing flue gases from said melter and recovering heat from said flue gases in appropriate heat recovery equipment prior to release into the environment.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of making a vessel having a sculptural interior, comprising attaching a textile core to the air inlet port of an I.S. machine, inserting a gob of molten glass into a mold to surround the textile core, applying compressed air to press the molten glass around the textile core, applying compressed air to inflate the textile core creating the bottle, allowing the bottle to cool sufficiently to withdraw the core from the bottle, and withdrawing the textile core from the bottle.

Abstract: Provided is a glass film ribbon manufacturing device (1), including: a transverse conveyance unit (4), which is configured to convey a glass film ribbon (G) in a transverse direction; and a cleaving unit (5), which is arranged on a conveyance path of the transverse conveyance unit (4), and is configured to cleave the glass film ribbon (G) along a preset cleaving line extending in a longitudinal direction, the transverse conveyance unit (4) including a wrinkle-smoothing unit (14) configured to smooth a wrinkle generated in the glass film ribbon (G) before the glass film ribbon (G) is cleaved by the cleaving unit (5).

Abstract: A press station (12) and system (10) for forming glass sheets that are initially formed with an upwardly concave curved shape with end portions (86) and an intermediate portion (88) having straight line elements that are subsequently formed with curved shapes to provide curvature along transverse directions. The forming is performed by initially providing curvature to the straight line elements of the glass sheet end portions (86) while the intermediate portion (88) still has the straight line elements. The glass sheet intermediate portion is subsequently formed to provide curvature to its straight line elements so the entire glass sheet has curvature in transverse directions.

Abstract: A method for producing a large quartz-glass pipe is provided. In a first forming step, an intermediate cylinder made of quartz glass and having an intermediate-cylinder wall thickness and outside diameter is formed by using a forming tool and is then cooled. In a second shaping step, at least one length segment of the cooled intermediate cylinder is fed to a heating zone, heated to a softening temperature zone by zone therein, and, while rotating about the longitudinal axis of the intermediate cylinder, shaped into the large quartz-glass pipe having a final wall thickness and outside diameter. The quartz glass is synthetically produced and has an average hydroxyl group content of 10 ppm by weight or less. If the intermediate cylinder is divided into length segments of 1 cm, adjacent length segments have a difference of less than 2 ppm by weight in the average hydroxyl group content thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a through-hole forming method including a process of forming, by condensing and irradiating a laser beam onto an insulation substrate through a lens, a through-hole that passes through the insulation substrate in a thickness direction of the insulation substrate. A medium between the lens and the insulation substrate is air. A converging half angle ? that is calculated from a focal length f of the lens and a beam diameter d of the laser beam that enters the lens by using expression (1) satisfies expression (2): (d/2)/f=tan ? . . . ??(1), and 0.16?sin ??0.22 . . . ??(2).

Abstract: A method for forming an optical fiber preform is provided. The method includes inserting a glass core cane into a glass sleeve such that the glass sleeve surrounds a portion of the glass core cane and such that there is a gap between the glass sleeve and the portion of the glass core cane surrounded by the glass sleeve. The method further includes depositing silica soot onto at least a portion of the glass core cane and at least a portion of the glass sleeve to form a silica soot preform, and flowing gas through the gap during processing of the silica soot preform.

Abstract: An optical fiber with low attenuation is provided. The fiber is produced under conditions that reduce fictive temperature. Processing includes maintaining the fiber at temperatures at or near the glass transition temperature (Tg) for an extended period of time. For silica-based fibers, the preferred temperatures are temperatures between 1000° C. and 1700° C. The extended residence times are achieved in a continuous fiber manufacturing process by increasing the path length of the fiber through a processing region maintained at temperatures between 1000° C. and 1700° C. The increased path length is achieved by including one or more fluid bearing devices in the processing region. The extended residence time in the processing region allows the structure of the glass fiber to relax more completely and to more closely approach the equilibrium state. The more relaxed glass structure leads to a lower fictive temperature and provides fibers with lower attenuation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a briquette used for the production of rock wool and method for the production of said briquette, wherein the briquette contains a raw material comprising rock wool waste having a fiber morphology; contains a non-fibrous inorganic binder, such as sodium silicate, to bind the raw material; and an activating agent accelerating the curing process of the briquetted raw material.

Abstract: A doped silica-titania glass article is provided that includes a glass article having a glass composition comprising (i) a silica-titania base glass, (ii) a fluorine dopant, and (iii) a second dopant. The fluorine dopant has a concentration of fluorine of up to 5 wt. % and the second dopant comprises one or more oxides selected from the group consisting of Al, Nb, Ta, B, Na, K, Mg, Ca and Li oxides at a total oxide concentration from 50 ppm to 6 wt. %. Further, the glass article has an expansivity slope of less than 0.5 ppb/K2 at 20° C. The second dopant can be optional. The composition of the glass article may also contain an OH concentration of less than 100 ppm.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing granules as glass raw material without using a binder that contains an alkali metal or boron. In the method, granules are produced by mixing a glass raw material composition and water. A method for producing granules to be used for the production of alkali-free glass, which comprises mixing a glass raw material composition and water, wherein the glass raw material composition essentially comprises an aluminum source containing calcium aluminate represented by CaO.2Al2O3, a calcium source containing one or both of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, and a silicon source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass sheet with high IR transmission. More precisely, the invention relates to a glass sheet having a composition comprising in a content expressed in percentages of the total weight of the glass: 55?SiO2?85% 18<Al2O3?30% 0?B2O3?20% 0?Na2O?25% 0?CaO?20% 0?MgO?15% 0?K2O?20% 0?BaO?20% 0.002?total iron (expressed in the form of Fe2O3)?0.06%, said composition comprising a chromium content such as: 0.0001%?Cr2O3?0.06% expressed in a percentage of the total weight of glass. Because of its high IR transmission the glass sheet according to the invention can be advantageously used, for example, in a screen or panel or pad, wherein the glass sheet defines a touch sensitive surface. The invention also relates to the use of such a glass sheet in a device using an infrared radiation that propagates essentially inside said sheet.

Abstract: Described herein are alkali-free, boroalumino silicate glasses exhibiting desirable physical and chemical properties for use as substrates in flat panel display devices, such as, active matrix liquid crystal displays (AMLCDs) and active matrix organic light emitting diode displays (AMOLEDs). In accordance with certain of its aspects, the glasses possess excellent compaction and stress relaxation properties.

Abstract: Substantially alkali free glasses are disclosed with can be used to produce substrates for flat panel display devices, e.g., active-matrix liquid crystal displays (AMLCDs). The glasses have high annealing temperatures and etch rates. Methods for producing substantially alkali free glasses using a downdraw process (e.g., a fusion process) are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to chalcogenide glass compositions for use in a lens system to balance thermal effects and chromatic effects and thereby provide an achromatic and athermal optical element that efficiently maintains achromatic performance across a broad temperature range. The glass composition is based on sulfur compounded with germanium, arsenic and/or gallium, and may further comprise halides of, for example, silver, zinc, or alkali metals. Alternatively, is based on selenium compounded with gallium, and preferably germanium, and contains chlorides and/or bromides of, for example, zinc, lead or alkali metals.

Abstract: Optical glass filters are provided that include a filter glass showing an optimized transmission spectrum which has a high transmission in the wave length range of 300 to 400 nm and a very low transmission in the visible wave length range. The glass has an especially high optical quality and is excellently suitable as an optical filter for generating UV light without a proportion of visible light. The optical glass filters include the components nickel oxide and cobalt oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lead-free glass, which is characterized by comprising 5-55 weight % of V2O5, 5-75 weight % of TeO2, 6-20 weight % of a total of RO (at least one selected from the group consisting of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO) and 0.1-6 weight % of ZnO in a glass component, V2O5+TeO2+RO+ZnO being 70 weight % or greater. From this lead-free glass, a sealing material having fluidity which is capable of sealing at 400° C. or lower can be obtained.

Abstract: An LAS-glass for producing a transparent glass-ceramic and an LAS-glass-ceramic having a predetermined chroma C* and a predetermined visually determinable scatter value (S) are provided. The LAS-glass and LAS-glass-ceramic has a process window as large as possible during the nucleus formation process with respect to the residence time in the relevant temperature range for the formation of nuclei.

Abstract: Inorganic fibres having the composition: 10?Al2O3?50 mol %; 2?K2O?40 mol %; 30?SiO2?70 mol %; and in which SiO2+Al2O3+K2O>=80 mol % can be protected against surface crystallisation of kalsilite by: including an amount of a nucleation promoting component effective to promote bulk crystallisation in the glass; and/or providing on at least part of their surface, potassium scavenging materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of finishing a pre-polished TiO2—SiO2 glass substrate, containing a step of measuring a striae-originated MSFR (MSFR0) of a major surface, a step of measuring a TiO2 concentration distribution (?TiO2) in the major surface, a first and second processing steps of processing the major surface, and a cleaning step of cleaning the major surface, in which according to the MSFR0 (nm) and the ?TiO2 (wt %), the total etching amount (nm) of a chemical etching amount of the major surface in the second processing step and another chemical etching amount of the major surface in the cleaning step is controlled to satisfy the following expression (1) Total etching amount?(10 nm?MSFR0)v/A/?TiO2 ??(1) (v is an average etching rate (nm/sec) and A is an TiO2 concentration dependency (nm/sec/wt %) of an etching rate).

Abstract: Method for preparing a superhydrophilic coating consisting essentially of silicon oxide is provided. The method includes providing an aqueous mixture comprising a fluorine-containing silicon complex and a fluorine scavenger; and contacting a substrate with the aqueous mixture at a temperature of less than about 100° C. to obtain said superhydrophilic coating on the substrate. Superhydrophilic coating consisting essentially of silicon dioxide islands with each island having a size in the range of about 10 nm to about 50 nm, and use of the superhydrophilic coating in various applications, such as lens, goggles, anti-fouling coatings, self-cleaning surfaces, mirrors, windshields, windows, primer layer for surfaces, and covers for cookware, are also provided.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a light extraction substrate for an organic light-emitting device which can increase the extraction efficiency of light emitted from the organic light-emitting device, thereby improving the overall luminous efficiency of the organic light-emitting device. Water glass is applied on a surface of a glass substrate. The water glass applied on the glass substrate is heat-treated such the surface of the glass substrate is roughened. The heat-treated water glass is removed from the glass substrate. A planarization layer of a glass frit is formed on the glass substrate from which the water glass has been removed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to methods for inducing color change in glass and glass-ceramic articles. According to one embodiment, color change may be x-ray induced in glass or glass-ceramic articles. The method for x-ray inducing color change may include exposing the glass or glass-ceramic article to x-rays at a temperature of up to 200° C. to induce a colored area in the glass or glass-ceramic article. The glass or glass-ceramic article may comprise: 50-85 mole % SiO2; 5-25 mole % Al2O3; 0-15 mole % P2O5; 0-15 mole % B2O3; 5-25 mole % R2O, wherein R2O=Li2O+Na2O+K2O.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for treating recovered glass fibre to restore the majority or substantially all of the mechanical strength that is otherwise lost during recovery of glass fibre from composite materials. Treated, recovered glass fibre is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for making a reinforced downhole tool component that can be sealed against a large pressure differential is disclosed. The method comprises providing an item for the component, applying a heat treatment to melt a glass material for sealing on the item, cooling down the item gradually to room temperature, and applying a heat treatment for an age hardening on the item.

Abstract: Gypsum panels, panel cores, and methods for the manufacture thereof are provided herein. A gypsum panel core includes gypsum and fiberglass, the fiberglass being present in the core in an amount of from about 1 lb/msf to about 6 lb/msf. The core has a thickness of about ½ inch, a weight of from about 1400 lb/msf to about 1750 lb/msf, and an ASTM E-119 wood stud fire test rating of at least 30 minutes.

Abstract: A composite structural material formed from aggregate within a matrix, the aggregate being a particulate material where each particle includes at least three radial legs extending outwardly from a central hub

Abstract: Cement and concrete additives and related methods of making and using such additives are disclosed and described. An additive can include molasses and a carrier. An enhanced Portland cement composition can comprise about 97 wt % to 99.9 wt % of the composition and the above described additive comprises about 0.01 wt % to about 3 wt % of the composition.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an additive system for a hydraulic composition including: at least one polyalkoxylated phosphonate polymer; at least one polyalkoxylated polycarboxylate polymer; and at least one retarding agent of formula (I): C1R?H(OH)[CH(OH)]nC(O)O1R (I) for improved maintenance of the rheology of hydraulic compositions of Portland cement.

Abstract: A multicomponent composition is described, including A) a binder component (A) including at least one epoxy resin, B) an aqueous hardener component (B) including at least one amine compound as amine hardener and water and C) a solid component including at least one hydraulic inorganic binder, preferably cement, wherein the multicomponent composition, based on the total weight, includes at least 8% by weight of organic binder, where the total amount of epoxy resin and amine hardener constitutes the organic binder. The multicomponent composition preferably includes at least one pigment as colorant. The multicomponent composition is of outstanding suitability for production of floor coatings or seals, which can be produced in a great variety of hues.

Abstract: The present application provides a method for analyzing a raw material for manufacturing of gypsum products, analyzing a plurality of gypsum products, and the gypsum products produced therefrom. Desirably, the analyzing of the raw material is conducted using prompt gamma neutron activation analysis.

Abstract: A product formed from a first material including a geopolymer resin material, a geopolymer material, or a combination thereof by contacting the first material with a fluid and removing at least some of the fluid to yield a product. The first material may be formed by heating and/or aging an initial geopolymer resin material to yield the first material before contacting the first material with the fluid. In some cases, contacting the first material with the fluid breaks up or disintegrates the first material (e.g., in response to contact with the fluid and in the absence of external mechanical stress), thereby forming particles having an external dimension in a range between 1 nm and 2 cm.

Abstract: A concrete mix design having a slump class from S1 to S5 or a flow class from F1 to F6 and a workability retention between 10 minutes and 120 minutes, comprising from 150 to 600 kg of cement per cubic meter of concrete, aggregates selected from the group consisting of sand, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates or combinations thereof containing between 0.5 wt. % and 75 wt. % of phyllosilicates, is characterized in that the concrete mix design includes an admixture system 1 which is based on 100% polycarboxylate ether based copolymer (PCE), the admixture system 1 comprising at least one component B1 being a PCE copolymer.

Abstract: A wear resistant substrate including a metal substrate having a surface, a reinforcing support attached to the surface and cured reaction products of an inorganic curable composition disposed over and through the reinforcing support and bonded to the surface. Also a method of enhancing the wear resistance of a metal surface by attaching a reinforcing support to the surface; disposing an inorganic curable composition over and through the reinforcing support and into contact with the surface; and curing the composition.

Abstract: An optical product for use in products such as window films and electronic displays is disclosed. The optical product includes a polymeric substrate and a hardcoat and has an abrasion resistance at the hardcoat surface as measured by haze increase of no more than 4.5% when measured according to Taber abrasion testing based on ASTM D1044 and a difference in water vapor transmission rate when compared to said polymeric substrate alone of no more than 5 grams/m2/day.

Abstract: A low-temperature sintering dielectric composition contains barium titanate (BaTiO3) as a main ingredient and accessory ingredients including 1.0 to 2.0 mol % of barium carbonate (BaCO3), 0.5 to 1.0 mol % of at least one rare earth oxide selected from the group consisting of Y2O3, Ho2O3, Dy2O3, and Yb2O3, 0.1 to 1.0 mol % of manganese oxide (MnO), and 1.0 to 2.0 mol % of borosilicate based glass, based on 100 mol % of the main ingredient.