Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an apparatus body; plural developing devices arranged in a first direction in the apparatus body; plural developer housing containers that are arranged in a second direction intersecting with the first direction and house developers to be respectively supplied to the developing devices; plural transport devices that respectively transport the developers to the developing devices from the developer housing containers; an intermediate transfer; and a transfer device. The developing devices include a first developing device located near the transfer device, and a second developing device located farther from the transfer device than the first developing device. The transport devices include first and second transport devices that respectively transports developers to the first and second developing devices. A transport distance of the developer transported the first transport is larger than that of the developer transported by the second transport device.

Abstract: A developer unit according to one example embodiment includes a housing having a reservoir for storing a developer mix that includes toner and magnetic carrier beads. A magnetic roll includes a stationary core and a sleeve positioned around the core that is rotatable relative to the core. The stationary core includes at least one permanent magnet having circumferentially spaced magnetic poles. An upper and a lower magnetically permeable metal shunt are positioned at each axial end of the magnetic roll. Each upper shunt and each lower shunt is positioned axially outboard of the core and in close proximity to the outer surface of the sleeve.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid developer supply device including plural accommodation tubs that respectively accommodate a liquid developer, a high concentration liquid developer, a dilution liquid and a standard concentration liquid developer, a first detection section that detects a solid component concentration of the liquid developer, and an amount of the liquid developer that is accommodated in the accommodation tubs, and a control section that controls the solid component concentration of the liquid developer to within the concentration range by supplying at least one of the high concentration liquid developer and the dilution liquid to an accommodation tub in which the liquid developer is accommodated based on detection results that are detected by the first detection section, and controls the amount of the liquid developer to greater than or equal to a predetermined amount by supplying the standard concentration liquid developer.

Abstract: A unit assembly (10) includes an image forming unit (20) and an intermediate transfer unit (40), and is configured insertably/removably with respect to an apparatus main body. The image forming unit (20) includes a plurality of process units (200A to 200D) and a joint member (80) that joints the plurality of process units (200A to 200D). The intermediate transfer unit (40) is held by the image forming unit (20). The intermediate transfer unit (40) and the joint member (80) have a first positioning section (611, 612) for mutually relative positioning.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a toner-image forming part that forms a toner image; a first transfer part that transfers the toner image to an intermediate transfer body; a second transfer part that contacts a back surface of a recording medium to transfer the toner image on the intermediate transfer body to the recording medium; and a fixing part including a fixing member that is heated to fix the toner image to the recording medium and a pressure member that transports the recording medium in cooperation with the fixing member by pinching the recording medium therebetween. The maximum width, in the axial direction, of the second transfer part in which it is capable of transferring the toner image to the recording medium is larger than the maximum width, in the axial direction, of the fixing member in which it is capable of fixing the toner image to the recording medium.

Abstract: A controller measures a stop duration time when an intermediate transfer belt and a secondary transfer belt are stopped, and based on a measurement result, rotates and stops the intermediate transfer belt such that the stretched position by stretch rollers of the intermediate transfer belt is changed. At the same time, the controller rotates and stops the secondary transfer belt such that a stretched position by stretch rollers of the secondary transfer belt is changed. A time from starting to stopping the rotation of the intermediate transfer belt and a time from starting to stopping the rotation of the secondary transfer belt are overlapped.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a plurality of image carriers, an intermediate transfer belt, a plurality of transfer rollers, a print control portion, and a contact pressure control portion. The plurality of transfer rollers are provided in such a way as to be in contact with the intermediate transfer belt at positions respectively corresponding to the image carriers. The print control portion executes a print process in a first print mode or a second print mode that are set in advance. The contact pressure control portion, when the print process is executed in the first print mode, reduces a contact pressure of one or more transfer rollers that are, among the plurality of transfer rollers, disposed on a downstream side in a conveyance direction of the intermediate transfer belt, to be lower than a contact pressure in the second print mode.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus that is capable of reducing velocity fluctuation due to variation of friction torque between an image bearing member and an intermediate transfer medium depending on a toner image. An exposure unit forms a latent image on the image bearing member rotated by a first drive unit. A development unit develops the latent image to form a toner image. A primary transfer unit transfers the toner image to an intermediate transfer medium rotated by a second drive unit. A secondary transfer unit transfers the toner image to a sheet. A control unit controls the drive units so that a peripheral velocity difference between the image bearing member and the intermediate transfer medium becomes a first value at starting, and controls so that the peripheral velocity difference becomes a second value larger than the first value when minute toner reaches the position of the primary transfer unit.

Abstract: A transfer-and-transport device includes a substantially annular belt stretchable in a direction of rotation thereof, a transfer roller by which an outer peripheral surface of the belt is pressed against a photoconductor, supporting rollers supporting the belt in a tensed state, and a cleaning member cleaning the outer peripheral surface of the belt. One supporting roller is a driving roller provided, in the direction of rotation of the belt, on an upstream side of the transfer roller. Another supporting roller is a releasing-side roller provided, in the direction of rotation of the belt, on a downstream side of the transfer roller. The cleaning member is in contact with the belt in an area from, in the direction of rotation of the belt, a midpoint of a portion wrapped around the driving roller toward the upstream side to a midpoint of a portion wrapped around the releasing-side roller.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first photosensitive member, having a first outer diameter, a toner image being formed on the first photosensitive member, and a second photosensitive member, having a second outer diameter, a toner image being formed on the second photosensitive member, the second outer diameter being greater than the first outer diameter. A second transfer roller in relation to the second photosensitive member is disposed on a downstream side of a first transfer roller in relation to the first photosensitive member in a conveyance direction of an intermediate transfer belt. A pressing force of the second transfer roller applied to the second photosensitive member is set to be greater than a pressing force of the first transfer roller applied to the first photosensitive member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has a patch forming unit, a reversing unit, a patch detecting unit, and a fixing condition correcting unit. The patch forming unit forms a patch for fixability test on conveyed paper by a fixing roller having a fixing condition set corresponding to the execution of a print job. The reversing unit reverses the paper on which the patch for fixability test is formed from the front surface to the back surface through a reversing and conveying path. The patch forming unit detects a characteristic value of the patch for fixability test of the reversed paper using a medium sensor which detects the characteristic value of the back surface of the paper. The fixing condition correcting unit corrects the fixing condition based on the detected characteristic value of the patch for fixability test.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a fixing rotary body rotatable in a predetermined direction of rotation and a heater disposed opposite and heating the fixing rotary body. An opposed body contacts the fixing rotary body with releasable pressure therebetween to form a fixing nip therebetween through which a recording medium is conveyed. A heat shield is interposed between the heater and the fixing rotary body and movable in a circumferential direction of the fixing rotary body between a home position where the heat shield is disposed opposite the heater indirectly and a shield position where the heat shield is disposed opposite the heater directly to shield the fixing rotary body from the heater. A controller is operatively connected to the heat shield to move the heat shield to the home position when a print job is finished.

Abstract: A fixing unit for fixing a toner image includes a fixing device and a guide member. The fixing device includes a fixing roller having a heater inside thereof and a pressing roller disposed opposite the fixing roller. The pressing roller presses against the fixing roller and fixes a toner image formed on a transfer medium. The guide member guides the transfer medium to the fixing device. The guide member includes a metal base member including at least one coating layer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a sheet feeding unit configured to feed a plurality of sheets to an image forming unit one by one; the image forming unit configured to form a toner image based on image data; a fixing unit configured to fix the toner image formed on each sheet by the image forming unit with a fixing member, the fixing unit including the fixing member configured to be brought into contact with each sheet supplied from the image forming unit and heat each sheet; a measuring unit configured to measure a temperature of the fixing member; and a control unit configured to instruct the fixing unit to start and stop a temperature increasing operation, and provide the image data to the image forming unit, wherein the control unit includes: a temperature drop rate calculating unit; a temperature rise rate predicting unit; and an instructing unit.

Abstract: A fixing device includes: a plurality of heating units which individually heat a plurality of areas of a fixing member; an acquisition unit which acquires information on an image forming range and a non-image forming range of the recording sheet for each of the plurality of divided heating areas; and a control unit which performs first control for controlling the corresponding heating unit such that a contact portion of the image forming range of the recording sheet has a target fixing temperature when the image forming range contacts the fixing member at the contact portion of the image forming range, and second control for controlling the corresponding heating unit such that a contact portion of the non-image forming range of the recording sheet has a temperature lower than the fixing temperature when the non-image forming range contacts the fixing member at the contact portion of the non-image forming range.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image forming device; a first image heating device; a second image heating device; a first feeding path configured to discharge the recording material introduced into the first image heating device without introducing the recording material into the second image heating device; a second feeding path configured to discharge a recording material introduced into the first image heating device and then introduced into the second image heating device; a discriminating portion configured to discriminate whether or not the first image heating device is an image heating device for an envelope; and a controller configured to effect control so as not to execute a heating operation of the second image heating device, upon discrimination of the first image heating device being the image heating device for the envelope by the discriminating portion.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a temperature detection unit that detects temperature associated with temperature of an abutting section of a fixing roller and a pressing roller, and a control unit that controls a driving motor based on detection temperature by the temperature detection unit. When the fixing device is activated, if it is determined that detection temperature by the temperature detection unit is not equal to or less than predetermined temperature, the control unit drives the driving motor at a setting speed set in advance, and if it is determined that the detection temperature is equal to or less than the predetermined temperature K, the control unit drives the driving motor at a predetermined low speed lower than the setting speed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus according to an embodiment includes a fixing device, a transport unit and a controller. The fixing device includes a heat roller and a pressure roller that is moveable with respect to the heat roller. A movement mechanism moves the pressure roller among a contact position in which the pressure roller contacts the heat roller with a first pressing force, a separation position in which the pressure roller does not contact the heat roller, and a semi-contact position in which the pressure roller contacts the heat roller with a second pressing force smaller than the first pressing force. The transport unit transports a medium between the heat roller and the pressure roller. The controller controls the movement mechanism so that the pressure roller is at the semi-contact position in a standby state after a preheating operation of the fixing device is completed.

Abstract: A fixing device of an exemplary embodiment includes a fixing belt, an induced current generation section, a first auxiliary heat generation section, and a second auxiliary heat generation section. The fixing belt includes a conductive layer. The induced current generation section opposes the fixing belt in a thickness direction. The induced current generation section performs electromagnetic induction heating on the conductive layer. The first auxiliary heat generation section opposes the induced current generation section with the fixing belt interposed therebetween. The first auxiliary heat generation section opposes a sheet passing region of the fixing belt in a width direction and contains ferrite. The second auxiliary heat generation section opposes the induced current generation section with the fixing belt interposed therebetween. The second auxiliary heat generation section opposes a sheet non-passing region of the fixing belt in the width direction and contains a magnetic material.

Abstract: A fixing device includes an endless heat generating section including a conductive layer, an induction-current generating section configured to generate an induction current in the conductive layer, a temperature-sensitive magnetic body present in a position opposed to the induction-current generating section via the heat generating section, and a magnetic plate present in a position opposed to the heat generating section via the temperature-sensitive magnetic body.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a heating roller and a pressuring roller, a first holding member, a supporting member and a temperature detecting part. The heating roller and pressuring roller sandwiches and heats a sheet to fix a toner image formed on the sheet onto the sheet. The first holding member has a facing part facing to a circumference face of the heating roller to hold the heating roller. The supporting member is made of material with high heat resisting property as compared with the first holding member, arranged between the facing part of the first holding member and the circumference face of the heating roller so as to face to the circumference face of the heating roller, and formed in an elongated shape along an axial direction of the heating roller. The temperature detecting part is arranged in the supporting member to detect temperature of the heating roller.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a guide disposed downstream from a fixing nip formed between a fixing rotator and a pressure rotator, through which a recording medium is conveyed. A pressure rotator side separator, disposed downstream from the fixing nip in a recording medium conveyance direction, includes an opposed tip disposed opposite an outer circumferential surface of the pressure rotator and a separation-conveyance face that separates the recording medium from the pressure rotator. The opposed tip and the separation-conveyance face define a hypothetical circle having a curvature not smaller than 1/20 that intersects a guide face of the guide at an intersection at which a hypothetical tangent is tangent to the hypothetical circle. The hypothetical tangent and the guide face define a downstream intersection angle that is downstream from the hypothetical tangent in the recording medium conveyance direction and is greater than 90 degrees.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a plurality of latent image bearers, a latent image writer, a plurality of developing units, a primary transfer unit, a secondary transfer unit, an adjuster, a pattern image formation controller, a color deviation detector, a color deviation correction controller, and an image-formation-mode setting unit. The color deviation correction controller executes color deviation correction control in the separated state. The image-formation-mode setting unit sets a normal linear-velocity image formation mode in which an image is formed at a normal linear velocity and at least one non-normal linear-velocity image formation mode including a low linear-velocity image formation mode in which an image is formed at a low linear velocity slower than the normal linear velocity.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image carrier; a development unit configured to develop, as a toner image, an electrostatic latent image formed on the image carrier; a transfer unit configured to transfer the toner image to a medium to which a toner image is to be transferred; a cleaning unit configured to recover toner remaining on the image carrier after transferring the toner image; a lubricant supply unit configured to supply lubricant on the image carrier; a charge unit disposed between the development unit and the cleaning unit, along a surface of the image carrier; and a control unit configured to perform a first mode and a second mode, the first mode configured to form the toner image, the second mode configured to allow the charge unit to increase the amount of charge on toner reaching the cleaning unit relative to that in the first mode.

Abstract: A recording material detecting apparatus includes a light guiding unit that allows first and second light to enter a surface of a recording material, respectively, in two directions which are not parallel; an imaging device that images a first light irradiated area and a second light irradiated area, on the surface of the recording material; and an output device that outputs information on a surface condition of the recording material based on an output of the imaging device. When viewed in a direction along the center optical axes of first and second light sources which are of the same type, the first and second light sources are arranged such that the respective reference lines of the rotational phases around the center optical axes are rotated in opposite directions by approximately the same angles from a line perpendicular to the direction where the first and second light sources are arrayed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image forming unit configured to form, on an image carrier, a first correction pattern including developer images of a plurality of colors, and a second correction pattern including developer images of the plurality of colors; a registration correction unit configured to perform registration correction control based on a detection result of the developer images of the first correction pattern; and a density correction unit configured to perform density correction control based on a detection result of the second correction pattern. The density correction unit is further configured to decide a detection result of the developer image of at least one color of the second correction pattern used for the density correction control based on a detection result of the developer image of the first correction pattern.

Abstract: A color registration method of an image forming apparatus, a control method of a host device, an image forming apparatus, a host apparatus, and a computer-readable recording medium are provided. The method includes printing a preset test pattern for color registration, scanning the printed test pattern for color registration, detecting the printed test pattern for color registration from a scan image obtained as a result of the scanning, calculating location error values of respective colors, using the detected test pattern for color registration, and performing the color registration using the calculated location error values of respective colors.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit that forms an image on a recording material; a cause ascertaining unit that ascertains a cause of a streaked image that is generated in the image that is formed on the recording material by the image forming unit; and an outputting unit that outputs information regarding the cause ascertained by the cause ascertaining unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an accommodating container provided at one end thereof with a toner supply port, a stirring conveying member that conveys toner to the supply port, a rotational driving unit that rotationally drives the stirring conveying member, a current detection unit that detects a driving current, an overload detection section that detects that the stirring conveying member is in an overload state when the driving current is within a range of an excess current, an unevenness determination section that determines whether the toner has been unevenly accumulated at the one end or the other end of the accommodating container, and a cause determination section that determines that a cause of the overload is uneven distribution of the toner when the overload state of the stirring conveying member is detected and being determined that the toner has been unevenly accumulated at the one end or the other end.

Abstract: A positioning member has a positioning surface that abuts an inner peripheral surface of an intermediate transfer belt to perform the positioning of the intermediate transfer belt with respect to a density detection sensor and a cleaning surface coated with a cleaning member having hardness lower than that of the positioning surface and abutting the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate transfer belt via the cleaning member. When a correction process is performed by a density correction section, the positioning surface of the positioning member 36 abuts the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate transfer belt, and when the correction process is not performed by the density correction section, the cleaning surface of the positioning member abuts the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediate transfer belt that transports a toner image, a second transfer member that performs second transfer that transfers the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt to a recording medium, an opposed member that is opposed to the second transfer member, a recording medium guide member that guides one surface of the recording medium to a second transfer position, and a holding member that is rotatably arranged in contact with an inner peripheral surface of the intermediate transfer belt so as to satisfy the following relationship: L2/L1?0.5 or about 0.5, where L1 is a distance between the second transfer position and a distal end of the recording medium guide member, and L2 is a distance between the second transfer position and a contact position of the holding member with the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a toner-image-forming device that forms a toner image on a recording material with a toner having a volume-mean particle size of about 6 ?m or smaller; and a fixing device that includes a fixing member that fixes the toner image, a pressing member that applies pressure to the toner image, and a heating member that heats the fixing member. The pressing member applies a first pressure to the toner image while the recording material carrying the toner image passes through a pressing portion by taking a first passing time period in a first state. The pressing member applies a second pressure lower than the first pressure to the toner image while the recording material carrying the toner image passes through the pressing portion by taking a second passing time period longer than the first passing time period in a second state.

Abstract: An image forming unit includes a cartridge and a unit frame. The cartridge has a cartridge-grip. The unit frame is configured to accommodate the cartridge. The unit frame includes a first plate, a second plate, a first beam, and a second beam. The first plate has a through hole. The first beam extends between the first plate and the second plate. The first beam includes a frame-grip disposed between an upper end of the first beam and a lower end of the first beam. The second beam extends between the first plate and the second plate. When the cartridge is accommodated in the unit frame, a distance between the lower end of the first beam and an upper end of the frame-grip is smaller than a distance between the lower end of the first beam and an upper end of the cartridge-grip.

Abstract: A drive transmitter, which is includable to a process unit and an image forming apparatus, includes a first gear, a second gear, and a rotation regulator. The first gear has at least one tooth. The second gear has multiple teeth, one of which is meshed with the at least one tooth of the first gear and rotated with the first gear. The first gear continuously rotates and the second gear remains stationary when not in mesh. The number of rotations of the second gear per unit time is smaller than the number of rotations of the first gear. The rotation regulator regulates rotation of the second gear such that a tip of the second gear meshing with the first gear is located downstream from an intersection start point in a rotation direction of the second gear and upstream from an intersection end point in the rotation direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a heat generator configured to generate heat in the image forming apparatus; a converter including a capacitor to convert AC power supplied from an external power supply into DC power for a load unit; a thermoelectric transducer configured to convert the generated heat into DC power for the load unit; a detector configured to detect a voltage of the AC power; and a controller configured to cause the converter to continue supplying the DC power to the load unit when a first elapsed time elapsed since the detected voltage drops below a rated voltage is shorter than a first time period shorter than an upper limit of a period of time over which the capacitor is dischargeable, and cause the thermoelectric transducer to supply the DC power to the load unit when the first elapsed time exceeds the first time period.

Abstract: A sound absorbing device including a Helmholtz resonator also includes a projection part having a shape of protruding from an outer wall surface of a communicating part forming plate among the communicating part forming plate and a cavity forming member that are cavity part forming members forming a cavity part of the Helmholtz resonator, and surrounding an opening of a communicating part that causes the cavity part to communicate with the outside.

Abstract: This invention relates to an image forming apparatus for preventing defects in a cleaning blade, filming on a photoreceptor and image defects, and more particularly to an image forming apparatus comprising a toner comprising an external additive, a photoreceptor containing fluororesin particles in its surface layer, and a cleaning blade for cleaning a surface of the photoreceptor, wherein a primary particle diameter of the fluororesin particles is 2.6-7.5 times as large as a primary particle diameter of the external additive.

Abstract: A deskewing plug and assembly mountable in a frame having a first and a second shaft forming a nip therebetween with the second shaft rotatably mounted in a pair of opposed channels and biased toward the first shaft for adjusting the axial alignment of the shafts. The deskewing plug has a generally cylindrical body having first portion, a second portion and a tab portion. The second portion has a circumferential camming surface cooperatively engageable with the second shaft. Rotation of the plug and camming surface adjusts the axial alignment of the second shaft. The tab portion radially extends from the first portion and has radially extending ridges frictionally engageable with a wall of the opening in the frame to prevent rotation of the deskewing plug after adjustment. A cap may be provided to cover and frictionally engage the tab with the cap being fastenable to the frame.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a cover, a conveying unit, and a sheet feeding unit. The cover is provided to be able to open and close an opening of a housing. The conveying unit is disposed adjacent to an inner side of the cover. The sheet feeding unit is disposed in an inner side of the conveying unit. The cover is rotatably supported to a pair of first bearings between an opened position and a closed position of the opening. The conveying unit is rotatably supported to a pair of second bearings, which are provided inward from the first bearings, in the same direction as an opening and closing direction of the cover and is detachably provided with respect to the housing at a position at which the conveying unit has rotated in the opening direction of the cover by a predetermined angle.

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus includes an apparatus main body, a cartridge, a movable member, including an attachment portion for attachment of the cartridge, configured to be movable relative to the apparatus main body in a state such that the cartridge is attached to the attachment portion, a protection member configured to protect the cartridge, an engagement member, provided in the cartridge, configured to be movable to an engagement position where an engagement state of the protection member with the cartridge is secured by the engagement member engaging with the protection member, and to a release position where engagement between the protection member and the engagement member is released and removal of the protection member from the cartridge is allowed, and a release member configured to move the engagement member from the engagement position to the release position by abutting the engagement member, when the cartridge is attached to the attachment portion.

Abstract: There is provided an image forming apparatus including a main body, a cover, a photosensitive body cartridge, and a developing cartridge. The main body includes a supporting portion and the developing cartridge includes a supported portion. The supporting portion and the supported portion are configured such that the developing cartridge is pivotable relative to the main body about a third axis, which is parallel to a first axis and is separate from a second axis, between a first position, in which the developer carrier is away from the photosensitive body, and a second position, in which developer carrier is close to the photosensitive body. The cover includes a pressing member configured to press the developing cartridge in a direction perpendicular to the third axis such that the developer cartridge pivots from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a plurality of photosensitive members and a plurality of developing units, each of which includes a developing roller actable on the photosensitive member and movable relative to the photosensitive member. A movable member moves between an inside and an outside of a main assembly, and a mounting portion, provided in the movable member, supports the plurality of developing units, which are detachably mountable to the mounting portion. An interrelating member, movable in interrelation with movement of the movable member, moves the plurality of developing units in an upward direction relative to the plurality of photosensitive members when the movable member is moved from the inside to the outside of the main assembly.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image, including: toner particles containing at least a binder resin, a release agent, and a colorant; and an external additive having a volume average particle diameter (d) of from 70 nm to 400 nm, a ratio (d/?) of the volume average particle diameter (d) to a standard deviation (?) of a volumetric basis particle diameter of from 2.0 to 12, and an average circularity of from 0.5 to 0.9.

Abstract: A replaceable unit for an electrophotographic image forming device according to one example embodiment includes a housing having a reservoir for storing toner. A rotatable shaft is positioned within the reservoir and has an axis of rotation. A first magnet and a second magnet are connected to the shaft and rotatable around the axis of rotation in response to rotation of the shaft. The first magnet and the second magnet pass near at least a portion of an inner wall of the housing forming the reservoir during rotation of the first and second magnets. An amount of angular offset between the first magnet and the second magnet varies depending on an amount of toner in the reservoir.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an apparatus main-body to and from which a process cartridge can be attached and detached. The process cartridge includes an image carrying member to carry an image, a charging member to charge the image carrying member, a cleaning member to clean the charging member by contacting it, and a force receiving unit to receive a force for moving the cleaning member in a longitudinal direction of the image carrying member. The apparatus main-body includes a slope portion which slopes in a direction in which the process cartridge is attached and contacts the force receiving unit to apply the force in a process where the process cartridge is attached to the apparatus main-body, and the slope portion applies the force to the force receiving unit to move the cleaning member from an inside to an outside of a region where an image can be formed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a main assembly, and a supporting member capable of supporting a plurality of developing rollers and a plurality of photosensitive drums, with the supporting member being movable substantially linearly between an inside position inside of the main assembly and an outside position outside of the main assembly while supporting the developing rollers and the photosensitive drums. In addition, a plurality of developing cartridges each have the developing roller and are mountable to and dismountable from the supporting member which supports the plurality of photosensitive drums when the supporting member is in the outside position. The developing cartridges each include an upper surface facing upward when mounted to the supporting member and a projection projecting upwardly from the upper surface and having a shape providing a space through a middle portion thereof.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a process unit, an exhaust path, and a positioning member movable between (i) a positioning position for positioning the process unit and (ii) a releasing position for releasing the process unit, the positioning member having an air path, the air path and the exhaust path being connected in a case where the positioning member is in the positioning position, and the air path and the exhaust path being disconnected in a case where the positioning member is in the releasing position.

Abstract: A displaying method, a displaying apparatus and a displaying system for providing holographic images to a plurality of viewers simultaneously are provided. The displaying method comprises: tracking motions of M viewers and eye positions thereof, adjusting rotation angles of programmable mirrors allocated to each of the viewers according to the motions of the eye positions of the viewer, it is predefined that each pixel position of the projection screen corresponds to N adjacent ones of the programmable mirrors; modulating a corresponding left-eye 3D image and a corresponding right-eye 3D image according to the tracked motions of the eye positions of each of the viewers and the rotation angles of the programmable mirrors allocated to the viewer, and projecting the left-eye 3D image and the right-eye 3D image onto the projection screen to control optical projections incident to the left eyes and the right eyes of different viewers.

Abstract: A metal pivot pin includes at least one pivot at at least one of its ends, and the metal is an austenitic steel, an austenitic cobalt alloy, or an austenitic nickel alloy in order to limit a sensitivity of the pin to magnetic fields. At least an outer surface of the at least one pivot is hardened to a predetermined depth relative to the rest of the pin in order to harden the at least one pivot.

Abstract: A method for regulating time-keeping of a mechanical timepiece movement intended to operate in a low-pressure atmosphere, includes the successive steps of: placing the movement in a low-pressure atmosphere pre-established for normal operation of the movement; measuring the gain or recoil (typically a gain +?P) of the time-keeping precision of the movement at this low pressure; returning the movement to ambient atmospheric pressure; at the ambient atmospheric pressure, regulating the movement to compensate for the previously measured gain or recoil; and returning the movement to the low-pressure atmosphere pre-established for normal operation of the movement.