Abstract: The present invention relates in some aspects to super-enhancers and related compositions, methods, and agents that are useful for modulating expression of cell type-specific genes that are required for maintenance of cell identity (e.g., embryonic stem cell identity) or maintenance of a disease state (e.g., cancer).

Abstract: The present invention features therapies for the treatment of HCV comprising direct-acting antiviral agents. Preferably, the treatment is administered to an HCV-infected patient who has been tested to determine methylation status of a CpG island within a promoter region of the IL28B gene. In one aspect, the therapies comprise administering one or more direct acting antiviral agents and, optionally ribavirin, to a subject with HCV infection. For example, the therapies comprise administering to the subject effective amounts of therapeutic agent 1, therapeutic agent 2, therapeutic agent 3, an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (e.g., ritonavir), and/or ribavirin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the fields of neurological and skin disorders. More specifically, the present invention provides methods and compositions for diagnosing and prognosing Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS), Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome (KTWS), and Port Wine Stains (PWS).

Abstract: Disclosed are method and apparatus for identifying biomarkers and in particular for identifying biomarkers for use in making clinical assessments, such as early diagnostic, diagnostic, disease stage, disease severity, disease subtype, response to therapy or prognostic assessments. In one particular example, the techniques are applied to allow assessments of patients suffering from, suspected of suffering from, or with clinical signs of SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) being either infection-negative SIRS or infection-positive SIRS.

Abstract: The invention provides computer assisted methods for selecting an antidepressant medication for a patient. The methods utilize a combination genotype comprising at least three genes to guide medication selection.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for diagnosing chronic valvular disease in an animal. The methods comprise obtaining a sample from the animal; analyzing the sample for an amount of a microRNA (miRNA) associated with chronic valvular disease; comparing the amount of the miRNA identified in the sample to a corresponding amount of the miRNA present in a sample from one or more comparable control animals that do not suffer from chronic valvular disease; and diagnosing the animal with chronic valvular disease if the amount of the miRNA found in the animal's sample is differentially expressed in the control animal's sample.

Abstract: Methods and devices allow assessment of the status of a transplanted liver during the post-transplant period. The methods are particularly beneficial for identifying if a transplanted liver is subject to rejection, by what mechanisms, and thereby developing and implementing a specific treatment regime to reduce the rejection of the transplanted liver.

Abstract: The technology described herein is directed to the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of infection, e.g. after burn injury.

Abstract: Chronic activation of the ?-Adrenergic Receptor (?-AR) can have deleterious effects on the heart, and animal models over-expressing the ?-AR develop heart failure. In the classical ?-AR pathway, activation of the receptor results in increased cyclic AMP(cAMP) levels. However, ?-ARs are desensitized in the failing heart and cAMP levels are decreased. Phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) hydrolyzes cAMP in certain subcellular compartments in cardiac myocytes, regulating cAMP levels and subsequent protein kinase A mediated cell signaling. By virtue of being freely diffusable intracellularly and being reduced in failing myocardial tissue, cAMP is reduced in certain important cardiac myocyte subcellular compartments such as the microdomain occupied by phospholamban.

Abstract: Provided is a method of predicting a subject's weight response to antipsychotic drug treatment by obtaining a biological sample comprising genomic DNA from the subject and determining the presence or absence of one or more polymorphisms in the GABRA2 gene of the subject, wherein the presence of said one or more polymorphisms is predictive of the subject's weight change in response to antipsychotic drug treatment. The method also may comprise additional steps including treating the subject. Kits and components thereof are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an in vitro method of diagnosis or prognosis of an atherosclerosis-related disorder by detecting a small Y RNA (s-RNY), as well as the use of an inhibitor of s-RNY as a medicament against atherosclerosis-related disorders. The invention also concerns a method for screening for a compound suitable for the treatment of an atherosclerosis-related disorder.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for diagnosing and predicting the risk and cause of transient ischemic attacks (TIA).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for treating obesity in a subject in need thereof. Also disclosed herein is a method for protecting a subject in need thereof from obesity. Further disclosed herein is a method for monitoring an efficacy of a treatment for obesity in a subject.

Abstract: A method is described for using ROR gamma t or ROR alpha to diagnose acne and/or to screen inhibitors of Th17 differentiation. Specifically described, are methods of inhibiting ROR gamma t or ROR alpha and use of the screened inhibitors in acne treatment.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for identifying early stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who will have an unfavorable prognosis for the recurrence of lung cancer after surgical resection. The methods are based in part on the discovery of chromosomal copy number abnormalities that can be used for prognostic classification. The methods preferably use fluorescence in situ hybridization with fluorescently labeled nucleic acid probes to hybridize to patient samples to quantify the chromosomal copy number of these genetic loci.

Abstract: A prostate cancer prognostic serum miRNA panel associated with low-risk prostate cancer is provided that improves prognosis determination and the selection of an appropriate treatment regime. More particularly, the prostate cancer prognostic miRNAs can distinguish between lowgrade and high-grade prostate cancers.

Abstract: A method for the prediction and/or prognosis of survival time of a patient suffering from cancer, comprising the steps of: a) measuring a RDA score in a tumor tissue sample comprising cellular RNA from said patient after said patient has received one or more doses of a cancer treatment; b) comparing said RDA score to one or more predetermined RNA disruption reference values; and c) providing a favorable prediction and/or prognosis of survival time for said patient when said RDA score is higher than said predetermined RNA disruption reference value; or providing an unfavorable prediction and/or prognosis of survival time for said patient when said RDA score is lower than said predetermined RNA disruption reference value, wherein the RDA score is proportional to the degree of RNA disruption.

Abstract: Improved methods of assessing status of a solid-tumor cancer in a subject involving detection of tumor-associated mutations in the subject's blood.

Abstract: Arrays of nucleic acid molecules, kits, methods of genotyping and marker assisted bovine breeding methods based on novel SNPs on genes of the bovine transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?) signaling pathway for improved bovine fertilization rate. The methods and compositions of the present invention are related to SNPs in the DNA-binding protein inhibitor 3 (ID3) gene, and in the bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) gene corresponding to position 2702 of SEQ ID NO: 2. Also disclosed are methods for determining viability of developing bovine embryos by measuring the expression level of one or more target genes in the TGF-signaling pathway, and selecting for implantation only embryos whose target gene expression level is not up-regulated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a technology to provide segmental aneuploidy progeny strains of Trichoderma reesei. In particular, the present invention relates to a method to produce segmental aneuploidy progeny strains of Trichoderma reesei via sexual crossing of two parent haploid strains with chromosome heterozygosity (e.g. one having scaffold M and scaffold 33, the other having scaffold F and scaffold X), preferably at least one of which includes a non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) gene. The present invention also relates to stable, segmental aneuploidy progeny strains of richoderma reesei thus produced which particularly exhibit enhanced gene expression or activities of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and more particularly prevent returning to euploidy for an extended period of time.

Abstract: Various compositions and methods are provided for identifying and selecting plants with enhanced resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN). Further provided are transgenic plants, plant parts, and seed and methods of their use comprising a heterologous polynucleotide operably linked to a promoter active in the plant are provided, as are methods of making such plants and methods of use, wherein said heterologous polynucleotide comprises at least one, or any combination thereof, of Glyma18g2580, Glyma18g2590, Glyma18g2600, Glyma18g2610; and Glyma18g2570 or an active variant or fragment thereof. Expression of the heterologous polynucleotide enhances the resistance of the plant to cyst nematode.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the efficient and accurate determination of susceptibility of a hepatitis C virus (HCV) or HCV population to an HCV inhibitor. The inhibitor may include, for example, an interferon (IFN), ribavirin (RBV), one or more nucleos(t)ide inhibitors, including for example nucleoside inhibitor-1 (NI-1), 2?C-methyl adenosine (2?CMeA), sofosbuvir (SOF), or non-nucleoside inhibitor targeting site A or B (NNI-A or NNI-B) are provided. The methods may involve determining the genotype of the HCV or the phenotype of the HCV with respect to the inhibitor susceptibility. The methods may further include the selection of a suitable treatment based on the genotype or phenotype determined.

Abstract: A microorganism selected from the group consisting of a Bacillus sp. ITB090 strain (NITE BP-01725), a Bacillus sp. ITB100 strain (NITE BP-01726), and a Bacillus sp. ITB105 strain (NITE BP-01727), or a variant strain derived therefrom is used to control plant diseases, control nematodes, promote plant growth, and the like.

Abstract: Process for the production of sugars from biomass including at least one polysaccharide which comprises putting a biomass in contact with an aqueous solution of at least one organic acid having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, the pH of said aqueous solution being ranging from 0.6 to 1.6, preferably ranging from 0.9 to 1.3. The sugars thus obtained can be advantageously used as carbon sources in fermentation processes for the production of alcohols (e.g., ethanol, butanol), diols (e.g., 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol), lipids, or other intermediates or products. Said alcohols, diols, lipids, or other intermediates or products, can be advantageously used in the chemical industry or in the formulation of fuels for motor vehicles. Said alcohols and said diols can also be advantageously used in the bio-butadiene production.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing iron nuggets by which reduced iron obtained by heating and reducing agglomerates, or iron nuggets obtained by melting and aggregating the reduced iron can be prevented from reoxidation inside a movable hearth heating furnace and quality of the reduced iron can be improved. The method involves charging and heating agglomerates including iron oxide and a carbonaceous reducing agent on a hearth of a movable hearth heating furnace, reducing and melting the iron oxide in the agglomerates, and then discharging obtained iron nuggets to the outside of the furnace and recovering the iron nuggets. The agglomerates have a coating layer, including a fluid carbonaceous material, on the surface.

Abstract: A hot-rolled steel sheet that: has a sheet thickness of 2-10 mm, contains specific amounts of C, Mn, Al, and N, the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities, and contains ferrite and pearlite in a specified area ratio, the remainder being bainite. In the hot-rolled steel sheet, a number of grains having an aspect ratio of major axis to minor axis of 3 or less is 60% or more of a number of all grains and an average grain size of the all grains is from 3 to 50 ?m.

Abstract: A quenching agent delivery apparatus is provided for delivering a quenching agent to a component to be quenched. The delivery apparatus comprises an inlet through which the quenching agent is configured to be delivered into the apparatus, a first outlet configured to deliver quenching agent in a first direction to an inner surface of the component, and a second outlet configured to deliver quenching agent in a second direction to an inner surface of the component.

Abstract: A heating step, in which a stainless member is heated to a temperature within or above a heating phase-transformation temperature range (Ar) in which the stainless member is phase-transformed, is executed. A cooling step in which the stainless member heated in the heating step is cooled to a temperature below a cooling phase-transformation temperature range (Mr) in which the stainless member is phase-transformed, is executed. In the cooling step, cooling of the stainless member is suppressed in a control temperature range including the cooling phase-transformation temperature range (Mr).

Abstract: A high tensile strength steel wire having as steel composition: a carbon content ranging from 0.20 weight percent to 1.00 weight percent, e.g. from 0.3 weight percent to 0.85 weight percent, e.g. from 0.4 weight percent to 0.7 weight percent, e.g. from 0.5 weight percent to 0.6 weight percent, a silicon content ranging from 0.05 weight percent to 2.0 weight percent, e.g. from 0.2 weight percent to 1.8 weight percent, e.g. from 1.2 weight percent to 1.6 weight percent, a manganese content ranging from 0.40 weight percent to 1.0 weight percent, e.g. from 0.5 weight percent to 0.9 weight percent, a chromium content ranging from 0.0 weight percent to 1.0 weight percent, e.g. from 0.5 weight percent to 0.8 weight percent, a sulfur and phosphor content being individually limited to 0.05 weight percent, e.g. limited to 0.025 weight percent, contents of nickel, vanadium, aluminum, copper or other micro-alloying elements all being individually limited to 0.5 weight percent, e.g. limited to 0.2 weight percent, e.g.

Abstract: A support may include a hollow metallic tube having two opposing ends and a body extending over a longitudinal axis of the tube. The tube may have a steel composition that may include, by weight, the following concentrations: approximately 0.19 to 0.27% carbon; approximately 0.0005% to 0.004% boron; approximately 1.5% to 2.5% manganese; and less than or equal to approximately 0.35% chromium, the balance including iron and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: A high-strength steel sheet of the present invention is a steel sheet satisfying a predetermined component composition. A metal structure of the steel sheet is composed of polygonal ferrite, high-temperature region generated bainite, low-temperature region generated bainite and retained austenite each having a predetermined area percent, and a distribution using each average IQ of predetermined crystal grains determined by electron backscatter diffraction satisfies Equations (1) and (2) below. According to the present invention, a high-strength steel sheet having excellent formability and low-temperature toughness can be realized even at a tensile strength of 590 MPa or more. (IQave?IQmin)/(IQmax?IQmin)?0.40??(1) (?IQ)/(IQmax?IQmin)?0.

Abstract: A laser shock peening apparatus for the surface of a workpiece, said apparatus comprising a resonant cavity. When said apparatus is used to conduct laser shock peening, because of the presence of the resonant cavity, shock waves that would typically escape outward may instead be utilized, and composite shock waves may be formed as a result of the wave reflection and convergence effects of the resonant cavity. Said waves can then be used on the surface of a workpiece twice or multiple times, thereby greatly increasing energy utilization rates. In addition, a fluid-based confinement layer is limited to the inside of the resonant cavity and has a fixed shape, thereby effectively solving the problems of the poor stability of a fluid-based confinement layer and the difficulty with controlling the thickness of such a confinement layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a rotation-suspension smelting method, in which a powdered sulfide concentrate and an oxygen-containing gas are sprayed into a space within a high-temperature reaction tower through an equipment. The oxygen-containing gas is divided into two parts before entering the equipment: the second oxygen-containing gas is sprayed in the form of an annular direct flow into the reaction tower and forms a bell-shaped wind curtain; and the first oxygen-containing gas is transformed into a rotation-jet via the equipment and jetted into the center of the wind curtain. In the annular space between the two gas flows, the concentrate entering in a direction deviated towards the center is drawn in the rotation-jet, and a high-temperature off-gas from the bottom of the reaction tower is also sucked in, forming a gas-particle mixed two-phase rotation-jet.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of flue dusts containing arsenic and/or antimony from pyrometallurgical methods, wherein a reducing agent is added to the flue dusts, the flue dusts are heated together with the reducing agent, and volatile components are separated from a slag. The reducing agent is a carbonaceous compound.

Abstract: A hydrometallurgical process and system for the recovery of precious metals; specifically, palladium, rhodium, and platinum metals, at high purity and with limited waste and environmental fouling.

Abstract: Hydrometallurgical systems, methods, and compositions are described in which amine-based lixiviants are utilized in substoichiometric amounts to recover alkaline earths from raw or waste materials. The lixiviant can be regenerated and recycled for use in subsequent iterations of the process or returned to a reactor in a continuous process. Extraction of the alkaline earth from the raw material and precipitation of the extracted alkaline earth is performed in the same reactor and essentially simultaneously.

Abstract: A process for producing low carbon chromium iron alloys directly from chromite concentrates wherein superheated liquid aluminum is flowed in a controlled manner into a reaction vessel preheated to a temperature of approximately 1,000° C. while simultaneously feeding chromite concentrates preheated to a temperature in the same range at a controlled rate into the preheated reaction vessel. The ratio of chromite to aluminum is controlled to be at or above the stoichiometric ratio required to reduce the oxide from chromium and iron to low carbon ferrochrome alloy. Burnt lime is continuously added to the vessel in an amount sufficient to form and flux a slag of the eutectic composition known as calcium aluminate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an aluminum alloy with enhanced penetration resistance for a heat exchanger, the alloy containing copper (Cu), and iron (Fe), whose contents are controlled to be equal to or smaller than predetermined contents respectively, and further containing zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), or hafnium (Hf), or a mixture thereof and the remainder being aluminum (Al). Further, the present disclosure provides an aluminum extruded tube and/or an aluminum fin with enhanced penetration resistance made of the alloy respectively. Further, the present disclosure provides a heat exchanger comprising the tube and/or fin. Addition and content-control of the alloy element may spread corrosion initiations and suppress intergranular corrosion to create uniform corrosion. In this manner, the present alloy have superior corrosion resistance compared to pitting corrosion of a previous alloy for a heat exchanger, and, at the same time, have an extrusion rate equal to that of the previous A1070.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an aluminum alloy with enhanced penetration resistance for a heat exchanger, the alloy containing copper (Cu), silicon (Si), and iron (Fe) equal to or smaller than predetermined contents respectively, and further containing zirconium (Zr) and the remainder being aluminum (Al). Further, the present disclosure provides an aluminum extruded tube and/or an aluminum fin with enhanced penetration resistance made of the alloy respectively. Further, the present disclosure provides a heat exchanger comprising the tube and/or fin. Addition and content-control of the alloy element may spread corrosion initiations and suppress intergranular corrosion to create uniform corrosion. In this manner, the present alloy have superior corrosion resistance compared to pitting corrosion of a previous alloy for a heat exchanger, and, at the same time, have an extrusion rate equal to that of the previous A1070.

Abstract: The present invention provides a easting having increased crashworthiness including an aluminum alloy of about 6.0 wt % to about. 8.0 wt % Si; about 0.12 wt % to about 0.25 wt % Mg; less than or equal to about 0.35 wt % Cu; less than or equal to about 4.0 wt % Zn; less than or equal to about 0.6 wt % Mn; and less than or equal to about 0.15 wt % Fe, wherein the east body is treated to a T5 or T6 temper and has a tensile strength ranging from 100 MPa to 180 MPa and has a critical fracture strain greater than 10%. The present invention further provides a method of forming a casting having increased crashworthiness.

Abstract: A method can include producing stock material via equal-channel angular pressing where the stock material includes an alloy that includes an average grain size less than approximately 500 nanometers and machining the stock material into at least one part of borehole tool.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rolled product with state T351, having thickness of between 15 and 50 mm, made from aluminium alloy having the following composition, in % by weight, Cu: 3.85-4.15; Mg: 0.95-1.25; Mn: 0.45-0.57; Zr: 0.09-0.16; Ti: 0.005-0.1; Fe: <0.070; Si: <0.060; with Cu+Mg?5.15; other lesser elements 0.05 each and less than 0.15 in total, the remainder being aluminium.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for plate having a thickness of at least 80 mm comprising aluminium alloy as a percentage by weight %: Cu: 2.0-6.0; Li: 0.5-2.0; Mg: 0-1.0; Ag: 0-0.7; Zn 0-1.0; and at least one element selected from Zr, Mn, Cr, Sc, Hf and Ti, the amount of said element, if selected, being 0.05 to 0.20 wt % for Zr, 0.05 to 0.8% wt % t for Mn, 0.05 to 0.3 wt % for Cr and for Sc, 0.05 to 0.5 wt % Hf and 0.01 to 0.15% wt % for Ti, Si?0.1; Fe?0.1; others ?0.05 each and ?0.15 in total, wherein the aged state logarithmic fatigue mean measured at mid-thickness in the LT direction on smooth specimens with a maximum stress amplitude of 242 MPa, a frequency of 50 Hz, a stress ratio of R=0.1 of at least 250,000 cycles.

Abstract: Getter devices with improved sorption rate, based on powders of quaternary alloys particularly suitable for hydrogen and carbon monoxide sorption, are described. Quaternary alloys having a composition comprising zirconium, vanadium, titanium and aluminum as main constituent elements are also described.

Abstract: Germanium-bearing ferritic stainless steels are provided. A raw stainless steel-based material may have trace amount of germanium added. The raw material may be with iron and chromium as the primary components and such raw material when having germanium added could be used for the preparation of the germanium-bearing ferritic stainless steels. The trace addition of germanium may help the forming of passivation film, improve the stability of the passivation film and repairing capability of the same, enhance anti-corrosion capability of alloy, and turn pitting corrosion into general corrosion.

Abstract: Steel alloys having high yield and ultimate tensile strengths in combination with high toughness based on medium carbon secondary hardening steel compositions having low cobalt content. Nickel is added to the medium carbon secondary hardening steel compositions to increase the yield and tensile strengths and fracture toughness. Applications of a steel alloy of the present disclosure include structural applications requiring high strength and high fracture toughness, such as aircraft landing gear.

Abstract: An austenitic alloy may generally comprise, in weight percentages based on total alloy weight: up to 0.2 carbon; greater than 2.0 up to 20.0 manganese; 0.1 to 1.0 silicon; 14.0 to 28.0 chromium; 15.0 to 38.0 nickel; 2.0 to 9.0 molybdenum; 0.1 to 3.0 copper; 0.08 to 0.9 nitrogen; 0.1 to 5.0 tungsten; 0.5 to 5.0 cobalt; up to 1.0 titanium; up to 0.05 boron; up to 0.05 phosphorus; up to 0.05 sulfur; iron; and incidental impurities.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an article of manufacture include a first material arranged in contact with a desired object or objects in a selected configuration; and a shape memory component arranged in or adjacent to the first material. The shape memory component includes a bulk amorphous alloy (BAA) in a memorized shape, and which is designed and adapted to return to the memorized shape and maintain the selected configuration of the first material after experiencing a deformation. Embodiments of a shape memory structure of this disclosure are valuable in the manufacture of clothing, e.g., in brassieres, as a shape retaining wire or loop. In addition, embodiments of a shape memory structure of this disclosure can also be valuable in the manufacture of other consumer items, e.g., retainer rings, eye glass frame, live hinges, dome switches, and keyboard springs that utilize a shape retaining wire described herein.

Abstract: Various embodiments of zirconium based bulk metallic glass with hafnium are described herein. In one embodiment, an alloy composition includes zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), at least one element from a group consisting of niobium (Nb) and titanium (Ti), and at least one element from a group consisting of nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), and cobalt (Co).

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a part including steps of providing an aluminum starting material, wherein the aluminum starting material is in an anneal temper, cold working the aluminum starting material to obtain an aluminum cold worked material, and forming the part from the aluminum cold worked material.