Abstract: A process for separating carbon dioxide from a fluid containing carbon dioxide, NO2, and at least one of oxygen, argon, and nitrogen comprises the steps of separating at least part of the fluid into a carbon dioxide enriched stream, a carbon dioxide depleted stream comprising CO2 and at least one of oxygen, argon, and nitrogen and a NO2 enriched stream and recycling said NO2 enriched stream upstream of the separation step.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to methods for making and compositions including aqueous alkali aluminosilicates used for conformance. The aqueous alkali aluminosilicates provide similar reaction characteristics of alkali silicates, and in addition provide enhanced conformance properties due to their ability to crystallize.

Abstract: Method for the productioii of ammorsia, and optionally urea, from a flue gas effluent from an oxygen-fired, process, wherein the production of ammonia and optionally urea includes a net power production. Also provided is a method to effect cooling in an oxygen-fired process with air separation unit exit gases utilizing either closed or open cooling loop cycles.

Abstract: A process for the continuous modification of dihydrate gypsum includes calcining dihydrate gypsum into hemihydrate gypsum and recrystallizing the hemihydrate gypsum in an aqueous slurry to convert the hemihydrate gypsum into modified dihydrate gypsum of different crystalline form. The aqueous slurry in a recrystallization reaction tank is maintained at a constant temperature under stirring, and a feed rate of the hemihydrate gypsum to the recrystallization reaction tank and a discharge rate of the recrystallized dihydrate gypsum are controlled to substantially equal. Dihydrate gypsum as a starting raw material can be converted into high-purity, modified dihydrate gypsum of large crystals by recrystallizing the starting dihydrate gypsum after it is once calcined into hemihydrate gypsum.

Abstract: To provide a method for improving a coercive force of epsilon-type iron oxide particles, and an epsilon-type iron oxide. Specifically, to provide a method for improving the coercive force of an epsilon-type iron oxide comprising: substituting Fe-site of the epsilon-type iron oxide with other element, while not substituting Fe of D-site in the epsilon-type iron oxide with other element, and the epsilon type iron oxide.

Abstract: The invention involves the formation of a sulfided stable iron (II) compound from an iron (II) oxide and/or hydroxide and where the molar ratio of sulfur to iron (II) is greater than 1. Preferably these oxides and/or hydroxides are present as nanoparticles in the 5-10 nanometer range. It has been discovered that such particles can be formed at lower cost and with fewer impurities by using ferrous carbonate (FeCO3) from siderite as compared to known processes from various iron salts such as sulfates and chlorides.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a filtration system that can be used to filter debris-laden water and to systems for cleaning the filtration system using a vacuum flush system to create a backwash flow through the filter of the filtration system. The filtration system described finds particular use on-board passenger transport vehicles that have a vacuum waste system, such as aircraft. The filtration system provides the ability to collect, treat, and reuse liquid resources in an environment with a vacuum waste system.

Abstract: A separator is indicated, which is arranged in a container having a circular or ellipsoidal cross section and having a container wall, for separating a light liquid-water mixture, for example oil-polluted water, comprising: a feed arranged on a first side of the container having a feed chicane, which directs the supplied mixture downward and divides it into two first flow parts that are substantially of equal size, an outlet having an outlet tube, a circular or ellipsoidal flow wall having an internal wall side and an external wall side, wherein the flow wall passes through at least half of a full circle, preferably at least three quarters of a full circle, and has an opening, which is facing a second side of the container opposite the feed, wherein the flow wall between the external wall side of the flow wall and the container wall forms two flow channels at two opposite sides of the container wall in each case from the feed to the second side of the container, wherein in the flow channels in each case one o

Abstract: Desalination and rinsing methods and systems are provided, which use a liquid column to efficiently perform freeze desalination and enable recyclable washing of produced minerals or combustible material. The liquid column comprises alternating layers of water immiscible liquids and water solutions which form a vertical density gradient (discrete or continuous) and exhibit a lower freezing zone from which ice floats to an upper melting zone. Cooling of introduced upwards flowing salt solutions is carried out by a countering downwards flow of cold water immiscible liquid. The process is cyclical, involves few if any mechanical moving parts and is easily controllable and adaptable to varying desalination circumstances. Rinsing of minerals or combustible material may be integrated in the heat and matter flows of the desalination system to allow effective rinsing, desalination and recycling of the used water.

Abstract: Described herein are xerogels consisting essentially of 12-hydroxy-stearic acid (12-HSA) wherein the xerogel is characterized by a spherulitic fibrillar network structure. Also provided is a method for adsorbing an apolar liquid by contacting a 12-HSA xerogel composition with the apolar liquid.

Abstract: Method for the removal of organic components from a mixture of organic components and water having the steps of guiding the mixture through at least one vessel (3) in which has been provided an amount of organoclay (17) in at least one removable casing (18) which is permeable to liquids and gasses but not to organoclay particles, or on a supporting structure (28) from where the organoclay particles cannot come off, such that the amount of organoclay particles is at any time part of a removable entity; and of producing a flow through the aforesaid mixture in this vessel (3).

Abstract: A water desalination mechanism, including: a running pipe, for fresh water; a venturi arrangement, having a first venturi nozzle, a second venturi nozzle and a branch between; the first and second nozzles; a container divided by a reverse osmosis membrane into a first side and a second side and having: a first side inlet, for contaminated water; a first side outlet, for remaining salts and/or minerals; and a second side outlet, for desalinated water.

Abstract: Clogging of membrane by slime adhesion is efficiently prevented and stable treatment can be carried out for a long period of time at a low cost by a small amount of chemicals without membrane deterioration and trihalomethane formation, even if applied to the water having a large number of viable cell counts and a harsh water quality by supplying water to be treated to a membrane separation apparatus 4, adding intermittently to the water to be treated a combined chlorine agent containing sulfamic compound, and repeating a non-addition feeding period in which water to be treated is supplied for 6-120 hours without addition of the combined chlorine agent, and an intermittent addition feeding period in which water to be treated is supplied for 0.5-40 hours under the addition of a combined chlorine agent at a biofilm exfoliating concentration in an early stage of biofilm formation during the non-addition feeding period.

Abstract: A method of neutralizing odor-causing bacteria in sulphur-containing hard water in the tank of a water heater is described. The method comprises utilizing a 420 aluminum alloy sacrificial anode and introducing into the tank of the water heater zing, herein in pellet form, in the tank to prevent the formation of bad odor contained in the sulphur containing hard water by neutralizing the bad odor producing bacteria.

Abstract: An electrolyzed water processor chamber with an anodic chamber having an anode plate held in an anode tray, and a cathodic chamber having a cathode plate held within a cathode tray. The plates are charged by an electrical current, to separate an incoming water stream into its electromagnetically ionized alkaline and acidic components, across an ion exchange membrane sandwiched between the anode and cathode plate trays. The trays can include sets of ducts and cavities, so that when the trays are stacked together, with the cavities aligning to form plenums for the routing of water between the trays. The trays stack as modular units, so that any multiple of the anodic and cathodic tray pairs, with their plates and sandwiched membrane, can be stacked together and function as a combined processor chamber, with end caps mounted on the top-most and bottom-most plate trays.

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying a fluid through a through-flow condenser, which includes a tank of solubilizing product and a mechanism for inserting it into a momentarily interrupted supply conduit. After having inserted a measured dose of solubilizing product received from a tank into the same supply conduit, a logic control unit controls its forward motion in the condenser through the passage of a fluid transportation flow rate measured to transport the dose of solubilizing product up to the electrodes of the condenser.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment process capable of selectively and efficiently separating and removing a manganese precipitate with high purity from sulfuric acid-acidic wastewater containing aluminum, magnesium, and manganese. In the wastewater treatment for a sulfuric acid-acidic wastewater containing aluminum, magnesium, and manganese, a magnesium oxide is used for part or all of the neutralizing agent to be added, the magnesium oxide is produced through the following steps (1) to (4): (1) effluent wastewater obtained by separating aluminum and manganese from sulfuric acid-acidic wastewater is concentrated, and calcium contained in the effluent wastewater is precipitated as a calcium sulfate; (2) the solution obtained in (1) is further concentrated, and magnesium is precipitated and separated as a magnesium sulfate; (3) the magnesium sulfate separated in (2) is roasted together with a reducing agent to obtain a magnesium oxide and sulfurous acid gas; and (4) the magnesium oxide obtained in (3) is washed.

Abstract: The invention concerns a production process of a zinc enriched drinking water, also called final water product, which, starting from a water matrix comprising drinking water, comprises, a first step of: Measuring the pH of the water matrix (step A), and then, in one order or the other, the steps of: Acidifying the water matrix (step B) in order to get a final water product having a pH lower than 7, and Adding zinc (step C) in a concentration comprised between 0.8 mg/l et 5 mg/l, so that sedimentation of zinc in the final water product is lower than 10% of soluble zinc over a period of 12 months at a maximum temperature of 40° C. The invention also concerns a zinc enriched drinking water composition and packaged zinc enriched drinking water.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems for removing particulate matter from a fluid, comprising a particle functionalized by attachment of at least one activating group or amine functional group, wherein the modified particle complexes with the particulate matter within the fluid to form a removable complex therein. The particulate matter has preferably been contacted, complexed or reacted with a tethering agent. The system is particularly advantageous to removing particulate matter from a tailing solution.

Abstract: An ozone purification system for wastewater comprising an ozone diffusion reactor installable in or in fluid communication with wastewater collection tanks of septic or other wastewater systems. The reactor includes a pump that circulates wastewater through a gas-liquid mixing device, a contact volume, and a static mixer. The contact volume comprises an elongate length of contact piping and the static mixing chamber is configured to impart turbulence into the flow of the circulated wastewater and ozone gas.

Abstract: In order to achieve reproducible operating parameters of the shaping process of an I.S. glassware forming machine, a central control of all blowing and cooling air flows is proposed, in which in accordance with sections a volume flow of the cooling air including the inlet-side and outlet-side temperatures thereof are measured by means of a measuring device (51, 52) and a heat loss which is associated with the section is ascertained. The heat thus removed in sections is compared with standard values, wherein in the event that tolerance zones are exceeded a variation of the volume flow is initiated by the actuation of restrictors (53, 54). All of the sections of the glassware forming machine which are intended for passage of cooling air are monitored in this way, namely on the basis of a determinable heat loss, so that uniform cooling conditions, which are adapted to a mathematical model, and in this respect a reproducible product quality are achieved.

Abstract: A closed loop temperature and wall thickness-based control system for improving process yield and quality while reducing dependence on operator skill utilizes intensity information from a hot end container imaging system and wall thickness information from a hot glass container wall thickness measurement system. By utilizing both the container intensity information and the measured wall thickness information it is possible to provide separate feedback signals responsive to temperature variations and thickness variations. These signals are used to implement automatic closed loop control of the I.S. machine.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method for forming a laminated glass sheet includes forming a multi-layer glass melt (300) from a molten core glass (106) and at least one molten cladding glass (126). The multi-layer glass melt (300) has a width Wm, a melt thickness Tm and a core to cladding thickness ratio TC:TCl. The multi-layer glass melt (300) is directed onto the surface of a molten metal bath (162) contained in a float tank (160). The width Wm of the multi-layer glass melt (300) is less than the width Wf of the float tank (160) prior to the multi-layer glass melt (300) entering the float tank (160). The multilayer glass melt (300) flows over the surface of the molten metal bath (162) such that the width Wm of the multi-layer glass melt (300) increases, the melt thickness Tm decreases, and the core to cladding thickness ratio TC:TCl remains constant as the multi-layer glass melt (300) solidifies into a laminated glass sheet. The invention also relates to the associated apparatus.

Abstract: A method for the sealing of glass tubes in a hot softened state is provided. The method includes softening the glass at a severing zone adjacent to an end portion of the glass tube and rotating the glass tube about its longitudinal axis while being heated until a hot softened state is reached in which the end portion is severed off. The hot softened end portion of the glass tube can be pulled-off from the severing zone by a pulling-off device in such a way that the glass tube is simultaneously heat sealed at the severing zone during the severing process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a white glass container which does not contain a fluorine compound in a significant amount, which has a multi-layer structure derived from a phase separation phenomenon of a glass composition in part or the whole of the white glass container without depending on melting conditions or molding conditions of the glass composition, and which is excellent in mechanical strength or whiteness, and a method of efficiently manufacturing the white glass container.

Abstract: Provided is a method of cutting a glass sheet (G) by performing at least localized heating along a preset cutting line (5) of the glass sheet (G), the method comprising cutting a full body of the glass sheet (G) by performing at least the localized heating along the preset cutting line (5) of the glass sheet (G) under a state in which support members (2 (8)) for supporting, from a back surface side of the glass sheet (G), portions of the glass sheet (G) that are situated apart from the preset cutting line (5) toward both sides thereof are arranged apart from each other so as to form a space (S) on the back surface side of the preset cutting line (8).

Abstract: A glass cutter is provided which can form, using a wheel, a uniform crack in glass even when a projection or an earlier-formed scribe line is present on the glass. When the wheel is moved on the glass, a fracture layer is formed causing a rib mark to be formed below the fracture layer and a crack to be formed below the rib mark. To cut the glass, the crack is required to be formed uniformly. Applying a force to resist the rotating force of the wheel makes it possible to form a uniform crack even when a projection is present on the glass. This improves glass cutting yield.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing an optical fiber is provided. The apparatus includes a spindle having a bore for receiving a preform of the optical fiber along a longitudinal axis defined by the spindle. A plurality of work holding devices are positioned apart from each other along the longitudinal axis of the spindle and configured to secure the preform against the spindle at two or more distinct positions when the preform is spinning The plurality of work holding devices comprises any combination of chucks, collets, cams, set screws, or shims. A position of at least one of the work holding device is adjustable to shift the preform away from the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: An optical fiber manufacturing apparatus includes: a cylindrical shield pipe that is provided above a drawing furnace, and forms a space continuous with the heating space in a vertical direction; a sending rod that has a lower end attached to an optical fiber preform and a lower portion disposed inside the shield pipe, and is configured to insert the optical fiber preform into a heating space of the drawing furnace in the vertical direction; an alignment mechanism that is configured to move the sending rod in a horizontal direction; an inner sealing body that is attached to the lower portion of the sending rod; and an outer sealing body that is mounted on the inner sealing body, is configured to move in the horizontal direction with respect to the inner sealing body, and is spaced apart from the sending rod.

Abstract: A gas supplying unit supplies a nitrogen gas into a furnace body of a graphite heating furnace in which at least a part of the furnace body is formed with a graphite. An exhausting unit exhausts a gas inside the furnace body to outside the furnace body. A dew-point temperature of the nitrogen gas supplied into the furnace body is equal to or lower than ?80° C. A pressure inside the furnace body is equal to or higher than 140 Pa with respect to an atmospheric pressure outside the furnace body.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments relate to seals for glass articles. Certain example embodiments relate to a composition used for sealing an insulted glass unit. In certain example embodiments the composition includes vanadium oxide, barium oxide, zinc oxide, and at least one additional additive. For instance, another additive that is a different metal oxide or different metal chloride may be provided. In certain example embodiments, a composition may be combined with a binder solution that substantially or completely burns out by the time the composition is melted. In certain example embodiments, a CTE filler is included with a frit material. In certain example embodiments, a vacuum insulated glass unit includes first and second glass substrates that are sealed together with a seal that includes the above-described composition.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2 based crystallized glass with excellent bubble quality even without using As2O3 or Sb2O3 as a fining agent and a method for producing the same. The Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2 based crystallized glass of the present invention is a Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2 based crystallized glass which does not substantially comprise As2O3 and Sb2O3 and comprises at least one of Cl, CeO2 and SnO2, and has a S content of not more than 10 ppm in terms of SO3.

Abstract: A glazing unit with solar-control properties, includes at least one glass substrate on which a multilayer is deposited, the multilayer including a layer made of an alloy including zinc and copper, in which alloy the Zn/(Cu+Zn) atomic ratio is higher than 35% and lower than 65%.

Abstract: Provided are a low-emissivity transparent laminate having a multilayer structure that includes a base material and a coating layer, wherein the coating layer has a low-emissivity and electrically conductive layer, a dielectric layer, and an optical absorption metal layer in order starting from the base material, and a method for manufacturing the low-emissivity transparent laminate and a construction material including the same.

Abstract: A reed switch glass tube is capable of preventing, for example, chipping and cracking of end parts thereof by forming a compressive stress layer having a length (A) from an end face within a range of 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm on an outer circumference surface of the end part of the glass tube.

Abstract: The Present invention relates to a method for manufacturing at least one portion of a seal ensuring gas-tightness between at least one first and one second glass panel in a glazing system, the method including the following steps: depositing a first adhesive layer on a first peripheral area of the first panel and a second adhesive layer on a second peripheral area of the second panel; welding a first metal seal element to the first adhesive layer; welding a second metal seal element or said first metal seal element to the second adhesive layer. According to the invention, the first and second adhesive layers are deposited using a high speed oxy-fuel flame-spraying method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the calcining and manufacturing of synthetic pozzolan with desirable color properties. Feed material is dried, crushed, and preheated in a drier crusher. The dry, crushed material is collected and fed to a calciner where it is heated to become a synthetic pozzolan. The synthetic pozzolan is then fed to a cooler where it is maintained for a least a portion of the cooling step in a reducing atmosphere.

Abstract: A description is provided of the use of an additive including polycarboxylate ether and/or lignosulfonate as grinding aid in cement grinding for producing a cement, especially when fly ash and rock flour are used in the cement. The additive is preferably an aqueous additive. The use of the grinding aid in the production of the cement leads to improved processability of concrete or mortar produced from the cement. In particular, improved stiffening behavior, a reduced water requirement, or a reduced superplasticizer requirement for the mortar or concrete is obtained.

Abstract: Cementitious mortar with improved characteristics for forming structures incorporating synthetic fibres, in particular in the form of webs, for reinforcing building structures. The mortar comprises a methylmethacrylate/n-butylacrylate copolymer resin and glass filaments dispersed in the mortar. The invention also relates to a reinforcement method for building structures, using said mortar.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a ceramic primary crown including mixing a source material including zirconia or alumina that configures a frame of a primary crown, a polymer for reducing viscosity and applying ductility upon injection molding, and a toner for providing the same or similar color as baby teeth, heating the polymer contained in the mixed source material to have ductility, injection molding the heated source material, extracting the polymer to reduce brittleness and increase ductility with respect to the injection-molded matter, removing fat to completely eliminate the polymer element from the injection-molded matter, from which the polymer is partially extracted through the polymer extraction, sintering the fat-removed body, from which the polymer is removed, to improve mechanical properties, and polishing an outer surface of the sintered body to provide gloss, and performing barrel-finishing to remove a burr.

Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition may include a base material main ingredient and an accessory ingredient. The accessory ingredient contains one or more selected from a group consisting of oxides and carbonates of one or more elements among Bi, Li, and Cu. When the accessory ingredient contains Bi, a content of Bi may be 0.1 to 1.0 part by mole, based on 100 parts by mole of the base material main ingredient, when the accessory ingredient contains Li, a content of Li may be 0.1 to 1.0 part by mole, based on 100 parts by mole of the base material main ingredient, and when the accessory ingredient contains Cu, a content of Cu may be 0.1 to 1.0 part by mole, based on 100 parts by mole of the base material main ingredient.

Abstract: The invention relates to coloured ceramic bodies and a method for obtaining these coloured ceramic bodies. The method of the invention comprising the following steps: providing a composition comprising a technical ceramic material, a first pigment component and optionally binder materials, preparing a green body from this composition, optionally debinding the green body, thereafter subjecting the green body to a treatment with a metal-containing preparation as a further pigment component, and sintering the treated green body. The coloured technical ceramic body of the present invention consists of a technical ceramic material, the technical ceramic body comprising a first coloured area and a second coloured area of a different colour, whereby the first coloured area contains a first pigment component, and the second coloured area contains a second pigment component which is formed from the first pigment component and the further pigment component.

Abstract: Provided is a gas generating composition with a low combustion temperature, good ignition ability, and a high heat resistance. The gas generating composition includes: (a) a fuel; (b) an oxidizing agent including a basic metal nitrate; (c) a basic metal carbonate; and (d) a binder. The fuel of the component (a) includes melamine cyanurate (MC) and nitroguanidine (NQ), with a ratio (MC/NQ) of contents of MC and NQ being within a range of 0.3 to 1.5. The binder of the component (d) is one or two or more selected from: (d-1) starch, etherified starch, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and hydroxyethyl cellulose; (d-2) poly(vinyl alcohol), polyvinyl ether, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and polyacrylamide; (d-3) guar gum, etherified guar gum, and tamarind gum.

Abstract: A process for producing an intermediate emulsion comprising an oxidizer solution, fuel and emulsifier, which process comprises the steps of: (a) mixing in a micromixer an oxidizer solution with a fuel blend comprising a fuel and an emulsifier so as to solubilize a portion of the oxidizer solution in the fuel blend to produce a precursor product; (b) mixing the precursor product obtained in step (a) using a micromixer in one or more successive stages in order to form the intermediate emulsion.

Abstract: In a process for producing cyclohexylbenzene, hydrogen and benzene are introduced to a first hydroalkylation reaction zone which contains a hydroalkylation catalyst and which is operated under at least partly liquid phase conditions sufficient to effect hydroalkylation of benzene to produce a mixed liquid/vapor phase effluent comprising cyclohexylbenzene and unreacted benzene, wherein at least a portion of the unreacted benzene is in the vapor phase. At least a portion of the effluent is cooled to condense a liquid phase stream containing at least some of the cyclohexylbenzene in the effluent portion and leave a residual stream containing at least some of the unreacted benzene and cyclohexylbenzene. At least a portion of the liquid stream is recycled to the first hydroalkylation reaction zone or to contact the mixed phase effluent exiting the first hydroalkylation reaction zone. Other methods of cooling the reaction effluent are disclosed.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for removing one or more sulfur compounds from a first liquid. The process can include passing the first liquid through a first inlet and a second liquid through a second inlet of a vessel, passing the first and second liquids through the passageway for facilitating contacting of the first and second liquids to extract the one or more sulfur compounds from the first liquid to the second liquid, and passing the first liquid through the first outlet and the second liquid through the second outlet. Often, the vessel has a plurality of vortex contactors, and a first outlet and a second outlet. The plurality of vortex contactors can include a first vortex contactor, in turn having at least one wall forming a perimeter about an interior region and including a first side and a second side forming a passageway communicating the first liquid from an exterior to the interior region, and a frustum positioned proximate to the passageway and abutting the at least one wall.

Abstract: The present disclosure identifies methods and compositions for modifying photoautotrophic organisms as hosts, such that the organisms efficiently convert carbon dioxide and light into n-alkanes, and in particular the use of such organisms for the commercial production of n-alkanes and related molecules.

Abstract: Disclosed is an HFO-1234ze preparation process. The present invention is realized by loading two fluorination catalysts into the same reactor, and controlling the temperature in each section. The preparation process of the present invention is of moderate reaction condition, stable catalyst activity, and simple process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for separating a composition containing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and hydrofluoric acid, and for recovering the thus-separated 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and hydrofluoric acid. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing and purifying 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene using a hydrofluorination reaction of the saturated or unsaturated compound having three carbon atoms and including at least one chlorine atom in the presence of a fluorination catalyst.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing ethanol, comprising contacting acetic acid and hydrogen in a reactor in the presence of a catalyst comprising a binder and a mixed oxide comprising cobalt and preferably tin, wherein the mixed oxide is present in an amount from 60 to 90 wt. %, based on the total weight of the catalyst.