Abstract: A transport system includes a main cable, a track assembly, and a conveyance assembly, wherein the track assembly is suspended from the main cable to allow unimpeded translational movement of the conveyance assembly along the track assembly. In another aspect according to the present invention, the track assembly has a track changing assembly that includes a track changing section rotatably coupled to a primary track section for selective alignment of the track changing section to any one of a plurality of exit track sections. A method of conveyance along a suspended track includes suspending a main cable between natural or artificial support structures, suspending a track assembly from the main cable, and mounting a conveyance assembly on the suspended track assembly to provide unimpeded translational movement of the conveyance assembly along the track assembly.

Abstract: A linear transport system comprises at least one carriage which has at least one permanent magnet and at least one roller, an energizable stator device which has multiple coils, and a guide rail which is arranged on the stator device and which serves for guiding the carriage. The guide rail comprises a running surface for the rolling of the roller of the carriage, such that the roller can roll on the running surface during a displacement, guided by way of the guide rail, of the carriage, wherein at least one electrical contacting device is provided which is formed separately from the roller and which is designed to form an electrical connection between the carriage and the guide rail during the displacement, guided by way of the guide rail, of the carriage.

Abstract: A bogie (6) comprises a bogie frame (7). The bogie frame (7) is mounted on bearings (7b) via a first spring device (7a). A wheelset shaft (8) is mounted in the bearings (7b). A wheelset drive (9) concentrically surrounds the wheelset shaft (8) and acts thereupon. The wheelset drive (9) is spring-mounted on the bearings (7b) by means of a second spring device (16) exclusively associated with the wheelset drive (9). A two-level clutch (15) is arranged between the wheelset drive (9) and the wheelset shaft (8).

Abstract: An interface breakdown-proof locomotive roof composite insulator. The composite insulator comprises: a support body; and at least five shed groups arranged side by side along the axial direction that are provided around the sidewall of the support body, the at least five shed groups includes: at least four shed groups located on the upper end with each group including a large shed and a small shed; and at least one shed group located on the undermost end with each group including two small sheds. For such a shed structure, it is favorable to tolerate impulse voltage, and it is difficult for the interface to be broken down; the electric field on the interface even does not exceed 3 kV/mm, and even if a gas exists on the interface, it will not break through the interface.

Abstract: An anti-pollution-flashover locomotive roof composite insulator, comprising: a support body, and several groups of sheds arranged side by side along the axial direction that are set around the sidewall of the support body, wherein the sheds protrude out of the sidewall of the support body along the radial direction, the upper end of the uppermost shed is set with an upper metal fitting, and the lower end of the lowermost shed is set with a lower metal fitting. The creepage distance of the sheds between the upper metal fitting and the lower metal fitting is 1085 mm-1095 mm, and the arcing distance between the upper metal fitting and the lower metal fitting is 245 mm-255 mm.

Abstract: An economical information transmission system for rail transport includes a transmitter having a known transmission power for communication between a track section and a rail vehicle. A receiver has at least one first adjustable receive level threshold, with which a maximum distance between the transmitter and the receiver can be defined in a particular application, within which the receiver is able to receive with respect to the transmitter. An information transmission method is also provided.

Abstract: Based on a ratio between Doppler frequencies calculated from a plurality of reception signals outputted by a receiver, a position detector calculates a relative position of a plurality of antennas in a mobile wireless apparatus to a stationary wireless apparatus. A train position detector calculates a position of a train from the calculated relative position, a placement position of the stationary wireless apparatus and placement positions in the train of the plurality of antennas.

Abstract: A system for monitoring railcar and tram consist operational parameters and detecting anomalies in the operation and condition thereof using sensors to feed data to a distributive complex event processing engine.

Abstract: An automatic train operation system is presented for use with a train to automatically operate the train. The automatic train operation system is housed on a tender car and connected to a second rail vehicle. The automatic train operation system is connected to the second rail vehicle through end connections. Additionally, the automatic train operation system communicates with the second rail vehicle through the end connections. The end connections are operable to transmit an operation signal between the automatic train operation system and the second rail vehicle. The second rail vehicle completes the operation signal base on an executable command contained within the operation signal and sent from the automatic train operation system.

Abstract: A supply of gaseous fuel on a tender car for fuelling a locomotive engine requires the coordination of a variety of operational modes to improve the safety and efficiency 10 when operating components for delivering, refueling, draining, capturing and storing gaseous fuel. A method and apparatus for managing a supply of gaseous on a tender car comprises receiving on the tender car a command signal from the locomotive commanding delivery of gaseous fuel from the tender car to the locomotive; transferring from the tender car at least one status signal to the locomotive indicating 1 status of the tender car; representing a plurality of operational modes of the tender car as a plurality of states; and transitioning between the plurality of states in response to the command signal and the at least one status signal.

Abstract: A hydraulic dolly has an outer frame, a vertical lifting frame, a pair of wheels attached at the base of the outer frame, a lifting platform extending perpendicular from the base of the vertical lifting frame, and a hydraulic jack for raising and lowering the lifting platform. A system for moving objects uses at least two hydraulic dollies, wherein the dollies each comprise an outer frame, a vertical lifting frame, a pair of wheels attached at the base of the outer frame, a lifting platform extending perpendicular from the base of the vertical lifting frame, and a hydraulic jack for raising and lowering the lifting platform, and a means for connecting the at least two dollies together.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of an expedition cart are provided. The expedition cart includes a chassis configured and dimensioned to support a load. The expedition cart includes first and second gusset plates attached to the chassis. Each of the first and second gusset plates includes a central body portion and curved fastening edges on either side of the central body portion. The curved fastening edges can be configured and dimensioned to mate against at least a portion of the chassis. Exemplary embodiments of an expedition cart are also provided that include first and second hubs engaged with the chassis, the first and second hubs defining either a single part or a two part design.

Abstract: A vehicle tire cart for safely storing and transporting stacked vehicle tires and wheels. The vehicle tire cart generally includes a platform having an opening with an anchor located therein and is configured to receive a plurality of stacked vehicle tires. A lower surface of the platform comprises a plurality of casters which may be a combination of stationary and swivel casters that allow the vehicle tire cart to rotate to accommodate steering and directional changes during transportation while also easily traveling in a straight path. The anchor may be integral to a removable retaining strap plug configured to be retained within the platform opening and allow a retaining strap to thread under the anchor to secure stacked vehicle tires resting on the upper platform surface.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to a frame assembly that includes a supplemental beam portion, and a main beam portion adjacent the supplemental beam portion. The main beam portion includes a central portion as well as left and right portions disposed at opposing sides of the central portion. The central portion defines a recessed portion that is shaped such that the left and right portions each define in aggregate a relatively larger cross-sectional area than the central portion. The recessed portion is configured to enable the central portion to be able to at least partially enclose a steering column assembly. A mounting assembly is configured to mount the steering column assembly to the main beam portion with the central portion at least partially enclosing the steering column assembly. The mounting assembly also enhances stiffness of the central portion to thereby at least partially counteract stiffness lost based on the recessed portion.

Abstract: A steering device includes: an outer shaft around a center axis and includes an inner space with a spline hole portion; and an inner shaft at least a part of which is disposed in the inner space. The inner shaft includes a first spline shaft portion including a synthetic resin surface and includes a shaft portion that is adjacent to one side of the first spline shaft portion, includes one end of the inner shaft in the inner space, and includes a synthetic resin surface. A distance between the center axis and the surface of the shaft portion is smaller than a distance between the center axis and the surface of the first spline shaft portion. The spline hole portion and the first spline shaft portion are spline-fitted to each other, and the outer and inner shafts are relatively movable in the axial direction.

Abstract: A steering column assembly for a vehicle, the assembly having a steering wheel for steering the vehicle, a brake pedal for operating the vehicle brakes, wherein the steering wheel and a pivot for the brake pedal are carried on a four bar mechanism mounted on the vehicle.

Abstract: A first-stage phase compensation means, a second-stage phase compensation means, and a third-stage phase compensation means are configured in such a way that a frequency at which a phase calculated through the transfer function of the first-stage phase compensation means becomes maximal and a frequency at which a phase calculated through a transfer function of the first-stage phase compensation means and the third-stage phase compensation means becomes maximal coincide with each other; a motor for generating assist torque is controlled, based on a torque signal to which the first-stage phase compensation means, the second-stage phase compensation means, and the third-stage phase compensation means have applied phase compensation.

Abstract: The motor control device includes plural motor current blocking units that, in blocking operation, individually block energization between plural motor driving circuits and multi-phase motor windings of a multi-phase electric motor and an abnormality detecting unit that detects a short-circuit failure of the motor current blocking units. The abnormality detecting unit causes one or more motor current blocking units of the plural motor current blocking units to perform a blocking operation during energization between the plural motor driving circuits and the multi-phase electric motor, and, during the blocking operation, detects a short-circuit failure of the motor current blocking units caused to perform the blocking operation based on current values of currents flowing to the plural motor driving circuits.

Abstract: A steering rack piston assembly (10) employed in a power steering rack and piston assembly. The assembly includes a shaft (bar) (11) upon which there is mounted a piston (12). The shaft (11) has a longitudinal axis (13), that is also the longitudinal axis of the piston (12). The piston (12) has an outer groove (15) that receives a seal (16) that slidably engages in a cylindrical surface of an outer housing that is not illustrated. The piston (12) and shaft (11) move along the axis (13) relative to the outer housing as a result of pressure within the fluid located on opposite sides of the piston (12).

Abstract: A vehicle may be steered without a driver's hands being on a vehicle steering control mechanism. A presence of an object within a predetermined distance of the vehicle may be detected using data from at least one object detection sensor that provides data to at least one of a passive safety system, a lane control system, a speed control system, and a brake control system. A steering control mechanism hands-on mode can then be enabled based at least in part on the presence of the object.

Abstract: A method of controlling disturbances associated with electric power steering (EPS) systems maintains an original assist torque to feedback signal in the EPS, such as a column torque, and further minimizes the impact from the disturbance source to the feedback signal so that the disturbance is rejected while the original steering feel is maintained. The method further considers interaction of the rejection feature with other functions of the EPS. In one embodiment, relationships for isolating the disturbance are achieved by utilizing a combined feedback and feed-forward compensator.

Abstract: Disclosed is a torque sensor connected with a first shaft and a second shaft, the torque sensor including a first case, a second case coupled with the first case, a third case coupled with the second case, a torque sensor module disposed between the first case and the second case and connected with the first shaft and the second shaft, and an angle sensor module disposed between the second case and the third case. The second case includes first fixing units formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof, and the first fixing units are rotationally symmetrical with respect to a longitudinal axis.

Abstract: An agricultural working machine has a first axle and a second axle, multiple ground-engaging means disposed at the first and second axles that are at least partially drivable by a drive engine or are steerable using steering-knuckle steering, a steering-angle sensor disposed at a steerable ground-engaging means for detecting a set steering angle (?th) and a steering brake for the selective braking of one or more drivable, ground-engaging means for steering support. A control unit controls and regulates the at least one steering brake based on a steering angle (?th, ?tat) or a slip angle (?) of at least one of the steerable ground-engaging means.

Abstract: When a vehicle passenger sitting on a vehicle seat or a body part of the vehicle passenger is moved away from a collision side of the vehicle by a passenger protection mechanism a reaction of a driver of the vehicle following the triggering of the passenger protection mechanism is monitored. If a steering movement implemented in an uncontrolled manner by the driver, resulting from an incorrect triggering of the passenger protection mechanism, is detected at least one intervention correcting the lane is implemented in such a way that the vehicle is guided back into its original lane.

Abstract: A suspension system for use with a grounds maintenance vehicle such as a ride-on lawn mower. In one embodiment, the suspension system provide at least a first suspension apparatus positioned between a chassis of the mower and an operator support platform. The first suspension apparatus may include one or more suspension units that may be quickly reconfigured to provide variable suspension characteristics. The system may also include a second suspension apparatus longitudinally spaced-apart from the first suspension apparatus. A pivot member may be provided to assist in reducing or eliminating all but certain degrees of freedom of the platform relative to the chassis.

Abstract: A reinforcing body is disposed in a closed cross sectional portion constituted by one or more vehicle body components. The reinforcing body is provided with a joining portion to be joined to the vehicle body components. The joining portion includes hard connecting portions connected to the vehicle body components in an abutting state, and a soft connecting portion connected to the vehicle body components via a vibration damping member. The storage shear rigidity (KB?) of the vibration damping member is set in the range: 800 N/mm<KB?<57500 N/mm.

Abstract: A sill structure for a vehicle comprises an outer member, an inner member located laterally inside the outer member as seen in a transverse direction of the vehicle, and a reinforcement member located laterally between the outer member and the inner member. An upper end portion of the inner member is attached to the reinforcement member in a first connection. An upper end portion of the outer member is attached to the reinforcement member in a second connection being located vertically below and separate from the first connection. A lower end portion of the inner member is attached to the reinforcement member and to a lower end portion of the outer member in a third connection being located vertically below and separate from the first connection and the second connection. The reinforcement member extends in a straight way or substantially straight way between the second connection and the third connection.

Abstract: A cowl louver anchoring structure with a cowl louver main body that is disposed along a vehicle transverse direction at a lower end portion side of a front windshield; an accommodating portion that is fixed to the lower end portion side of the front windshield, and whose vertical cross-section along a vehicle longitudinal direction is U-shaped; a mounting portion that is provided at a rear end side of the cowl louver main body, and that is anchored to the accommodating portion by being inserted into the accommodating portion; a plurality of anchor convex portions that are provided at the mounting portion, along a direction of assembling the mounting portion to the accommodating portion and plurality of anchored-on convex portions that are provided at the accommodating portion along the direction of assembling the mounting portion to the accommodating portion and on which the plural anchor convex portions are anchored respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aluminum-alloy automotive underbody part having adequate strength even when using a part forged from an aluminum alloy casting material and an effective method for manufacturing said underbody part. The present invention pertains to an automotive underbody part characterized in being an aluminum alloy forged part in which the average inverse of the Schmid factor, calculated based on the crystal orientation in the direction of load stress in the maximum stress area when external force is applied, is 2.3 or more.

Abstract: A seat section protecting structure, having a seat at the center thereof, is supported on a chassis frame so that it can swivel horizontally. While running, the lateral side of the seat is covered by the seat section protecting structure so as to protect the passenger from the risk of a collision from the side of the vehicle or a rollover, and while the passenger gets on/off, the seat section protecting structure swivels so that the opening, which allows the passenger to get on/off therethrough, is located on the lateral side of the vehicle. The vehicle has its seat and batteries arranged at optimal positions so as to increase the space efficiency and safety within a limited volume space. Moreover, a steering handle is provided, which is made while taking passenger accessibility into consideration, and an airbag unique to this vehicle is provided in order to increase safety.

Abstract: In a vehicle, a first recess portion extending in a vehicle widthwise direction is located in a boundary portion between a hood portion and a front bumper portion. A second recess portion is located in each of headlight portions. A third recess portion extending in the front-rear direction is located in each of front fender portions. The upper edges of the first, second, and third recess portions define a ridge line which projects toward the outside of the vehicle body and extends from the center in the vehicle widthwise direction to the vehicle body rear side beyond the lower end of a pillar portion through position lamp portions. The ridge line is defined by a first overhang portion of the hood portion, a lamp cover of each of the position lamp portions, and a bulge portion of each of the front fender portions.

Abstract: A pneumatically actuated air control device is provided. The device includes a control surface that affects the air flow along the device, and an at least one pneumatic motor configured to alter or change the configuration or orientation of the control surface or sections thereof. The device is configured such that when selective air pressure is supplied to the at least one motor, the control surface or sections thereof changes its configuration or its orientation with respect to the air flow, thereby affecting the air flow with respect to the device.

Abstract: Examples of drag reduction apparatuses and assemblies for land vehicles, and particularly for attachment to a door of a land vehicle operated by a cam lock bar, are described. A drag reduction apparatus may include a plurality of panels foldedly coupled together and automatically deployable into an unfolded configuration. The panels may be coupled to a base panel that is coupled to the door of the land vehicle by a double-hinge mechanism operated by the cam lock bar. The double-hinge mechanism may draw the base panel toward the centerline of the rear of the land vehicle to allow the door to fully open with the drag reduction apparatus attached. The apparatus may be attached to two adjacent doors of a land vehicle and a plurality of panels on one door configured to overlap with a plurality of panels on the adjacent door.

Abstract: Combination of a drive wheel and a gearbox for a continuous track system, the gearbox (1) comprising an annular input member (2) for connection to an end part (14) of a drive axle input member (16) and an annular output member (4) connected to the drive wheel (3), the annular input member (2) and annular output member (4) being coaxially arranged with respect to a longitudinal axis (6) of the gearbox (1). The combination further comprises an annular transmission unit (8) coaxially arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis (6) of the gearbox (1) and connecting the annular input member (2) and annular output member (4) through a gear ratio (R) of less than one, the gear ratio (R) being a ratio of an angular input velocity of the annular input member (2) to an angular output velocity of the annular output member (4).

Abstract: A magnetic roller for being rotatable on a ferromagnetic surface is provided. The magnetic roller includes a roller wheel having an inner space, a magnetic array arrangement and at least one first drive mechanism. Further, the magnetic array arrangement is adapted to be swivelably disposed within the inner space of the roller wheel. The magnetic array arrangement includes a strong adhesion force side and a weak adhesion force side. Furthermore, the first drive mechanism is configured to swivelably drive the magnetic array arrangement. The first drive mechanism swivelably drive the magnetic array arrangement to direct the strong adhesion force side towards the oncoming ferromagnetic surface, and, to direct the weak adhesion force side towards the foregoing ferromagnetic surface to enable the roller wheel to move forward on the ferromagnetic surface.

Abstract: According to an aspect, a steering device includes: an outer shaft disposed around a center axis and includes an inner space with a spline hole portion; and an inner shaft that includes a spline shaft portion including a surface disposed around the center axis, at least a part of the inner shaft being disposed in the inner space. The spline shaft portion includes a first spline shaft portion including a first surface formed of synthetic resin and includes a second spline shaft portion including a second surface formed of metal. A distance between the center axis and the second surface is smaller than a distance between the center axis and the first surface. The spline hole portion and the first spline shaft portion are spline-fitted to each other, and the outer shaft and the inner shaft are relatively movable in the axial direction.

Abstract: A joint design to connect tubes for a space frame, where a space frame may be a vehicle chassis, is provided. The joint may connect carbon fiber tubes and may be designed with different shapes and configurations. The joint may include acceptor ports that may mate with a tube and simultaneously contact an inner surface and outer surface of the tube for a strong connection. The joint may also include centering features which may create a space between a surface of the tube and a surface of the joint through which adhesive may flow.

Abstract: A platform of a trailer includes spaced-apart left and right side rails and a plurality of extruded aluminum panels that each extend from a left lateral end abutted with said left side rail to a right lateral end abutted with said right side rail. Each of the panels includes an upper wall, a lower wall spaced-apart from the upper wall, and first and second spaced-apart end walls that are connected to and extend between the upper and lower walls. The extruded aluminum panels are abutted in series with the first end wall of one panel abutted with the second end wall of an adjacent abutted panel such that the respective upper walls of adjacent abutted panels of the platform together define an upper, cargo supporting surface of the platform. The platform is arched to correspond with the arch of the first and second beams.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a modular bicycle storage structure designed to maximize the number of bicycles that can fit into it. The structure is designed to provide a private locker to each bicycle, which is accessible by a locker door, and secured using a standard bicycle U-Lock. The structure may use bicycles that have foldable, twistable or removable handlebars in order to reduce their overall width. The user generally aligns the pedals in a specific way before inserting the bicycle into the structure. The pedals slide into a groove formed in the side wall. This allows for overlapping of pedals for adjacent bicycles providing a compact storage configuration.

Abstract: A seat device that is capable of improving body pressure distribution during traveling is provided. In a seat device including a seating seat, in both of end portions in the seat width direction of the seating seat, at positions interposed between the bottom plate and a cushion member of the seating seat, turning plates are provided. The parts of the cushion member, where the turning plates are provided between the same and the bottom plate, constitute turning parts that turn around edges thereof on the width direction inner sides as base points, as the turning plates turn. In the cushion member, slits are formed at boundary positions between the turning parts and a non-turning part, that is, a part other than the turning parts.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a main body of a bicycle saddle includes the steps of attaching a cover layer to an inner wall of a mold cavity of a forming mold by vacuum suction to make the cover layer have a main area attached to the inner wall and a circumferential area around the main area, heating a base material in the mold cavity to form it into an elastomer and make the main area of the cover layer be combined with and fit the elastomer, combining a bottom shell with the elastomer, and folding back and fixing the circumferential area of the cover layer to a bottom of the bottom shell.

Abstract: A self-balancing powered unicycle device (100) having a single hubless wheel is disclosed. The self-balancing powered unicycle device comprises: a single wheel (120); a motor adapted to drive the wheel; a balance control system adapted to maintain fore-aft balance of the unicycle device; at least one foot platform (165) for supporting a user of the unicycle device; and a casing (110) adapted to cover at least a portion of the outer rim of the wheel. The self-balancing powered unicycle device further comprises at least one energy storage device compartment (150A, 150B) protruding outward from a side of the casing (110) and adapted to house an energy storage device for powering the unicycle device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drive system for a vehicle, having a drive or electromotor, a crankshaft and a transmission, in particular a hub transmission. It is provided according to the invention that the transmission (10) is arranged in the central region of the vehicle, in particular the region of the crankshaft (1) and in particular is integrated and the crankshaft rotational speed is transmitted.

Abstract: A two-wheel, self-balancing vehicle includes a housing, at least two wheels mechanically cooperating with the housing, and a detachable handle mechanically cooperating with the housing to steer the vehicle. The two-wheel, self-balancing vehicle further includes a plurality of LED lights, one or more display screens, a plurality of USB ports, a storage compartment, and a camera. The camera may be pivoted on the housing or detachable handle portions of the two-wheel, self-balancing vehicle.

Abstract: A mooring arrangement for a floating vessel includes a linear anchor winch and an elongate mooring arm. The mooring arm is coupled to a mooring arm bracket via an articulating joint and the arrangement is adapted to receive an anchor chain. The bracket is attached to the vessel at the gunwale of the vessel, so that the bracket at least partially extends above the deck of the vessel. The anchor winch is coupled to or integrated with said bracket.

Abstract: An underwater towing device, including an underwater towing assembly and a fixing mechanism of the underwater towing assembly. The underwater towing assembly includes a first floating body, a second floating body, and a third floating body. The fixing mechanism includes a fairlead carrier and two supports disposed on two sides of the fairlead carrier. The first floating body, the second floating body, and the third floating body are connected together via a fixing frame. The first floating body, the second floating body, and the third floating body have streamlined and bilaterally symmetrical shapes and all are hollow to accommodate experimental equipment. The first floating body is a cylinder having a drop-shaped horizontal cross-section. The upper part of the first floating body is provided with a buoyancy reserve tank having an elliptic horizontal cross-section.

Abstract: A standup paddleboard outrigger includes a long, narrow, lightweight displacement hull and a pair of outrigger pontoons mounted to a bridge. The two parts disengage for easy storage and transport. The hull has a platform to stand on. Paddling with a long handled paddle propels the craft through the water. The outriggers provide lateral stability/support and actuate the rudder in order to make turns. When a person stands on the platform and shifts body weight, the rudder will rotate to the right and the craft will turn to the right. The more weight that is shifted, the greater the turning action. The responsiveness to the shift of body weight can be adjustable for personal preference either firmer or more flexible, as is the turning response of the rudder fine or coarse turning.

Abstract: A first stage pressure regulator is provided. A valve body has an inlet and an outlet that define a pressure chamber therebetween. The valve body defines a pressure compensation chamber having an opening fluidly communicating the pressure compensation chamber with the surrounding water. The first stage pressure regulator comprises an inlet tubular union removably received into the inlet. A removable high pressure orifice body defines an orifice therethrough. The orifice body is carried by the valve body proximate the inlet. A valve seat is within the valve body.

Abstract: An underwater base handles an autonomous underwater vehicle. The underwater base includes a storing part configured to store the AUV; a control part configured to control the storing part; and a support part configured to support the control part and the storing part and to prevent a burial of the underwater base into the ocean bottom. The control part is further configured to guide the AUV while approaching a desired target position on the ocean bottom.

Abstract: A modular system for building underwater robotic vehicles (URVs), including a pressure vessel system, modular chassis elements, a propulsion system and compatible buoyancy modules. The pressure vessel system uses standardized, interchangeable modules to allow for ease of modification of the URV and accommodation of different internal and external components such as sensors 4800 and computer systems. The system also includes standard, reconfigurable connections of the pressure vessel to the modular chassis system. A standardized, modular propulsion system includes a magnetic clutch, and a magnetic sleeve used to power the URV on or off.