Abstract: Methods for catalytically dehydrating hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof to acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof with high yield and selectivity and without significant conversion to undesired side products, such as, acetaldehyde, propionic acid, and acetic acid, are provided. The catalysts are mixed monophosphates.

Abstract: In a process for recovering water, metals, soluble organics and insoluble organics from a process for the production of a polycarboxylic acid, the stream is cooled to a temperature at which dissolved organics precipitate. The precipitate organics are separated from a liquid stream and recycled to the production process. The liquid stream is then treated with an alkali to convert remaining organics to the alkali salt form and the metals present to be converted to an insoluble form. The insoluble metals are recovered from a liquid stream and this liquid stream, with the alkali salts of the organics, is passed to a membrane separation unit where it is separated into a permeate comprising water and a retentate comprising water and alkali organic salts. The permeate is recovered and recycled to the production process. The retentate also is recovered.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a novel and improved process for the production of dehydrolinalyl acetate (DLA), which IUPAC name is acetic acid 1-ethynyl-1,5-dimethyl-hex-4-enyl ester, starting from dehydrolinalool (DLL), which IUPAC name is 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-yn-3-ol, by catalytic acetylation.

Abstract: Novel aromatic hydrophobic (meth)acrylate monomers of Formula I having high refractive index (more than 1.55) are provided herein. The present invention further provides efficient and improved process for the preparation of aromatic hydrophobic monomers of Formula (I), wherein the high refractive index property can be advantageously used to make light weight optical materials with high transparency.

Abstract: Alkyl esters (butyl, hexyl, or other) of full composition palm fatty acids, palm fatty acid distillates (PFAD), and palm kernel fatty acid distillates (PKFAD) can be used to generate polyurethane and lubricant products. The alkyl esters of the present invention can be produced via ozonolysis. The improved method for producing alkyl esters includes reacting at least one substance having at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond with ozone in the presence of least one monoalcohol that azeotropes with water. In particular, the method may comprise reacting with at least one first mole of ozone and at least one second mole of ozone, and further comprises refluxing before addition of the second mole of ozone.

Abstract: Integrated process for the production of methyl acetate and methanol. The process is carried out by carbonylating dimethyl ether with synthesis gas and recovering methanol and unreacted synthesis gas. The recovered synthesis gas is utilized as the sole fresh synthesis gas for methanol synthesis.

Abstract: Process for the production of methyl acetate by carbonylating dimethyl ether with carbon monoxide in the presence of hydrogen and a zeolite catalyst. The process is carried out with a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide of at least 1 and the catalyst has been calcined at a temperature of from about 375° C. to about 475° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treprostinil diethanolamine synthesis. The present invention also relates to a novel intermediate used in the method for treprostinil diethanolamine synthesis. The novel intermediate is shown in the following formula (II): wherein R1 and R2 are described in the description.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing aromatic amines by catalytically hydrogenating the corresponding nitro compounds, especially for preparing tolylenediamine by hydrogenating dinitrotoluene, which comprises using hydrogenation catalysts in which the active component present is a mixture of platinum, nickel and an additional metal on a support.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing a lipoamino acid and a lipopeptide are provided. The method can include reacting a fatty acid with an amino acid or a peptide and a co-reactant salt to form a lipoamino acid or a lipopeptide, respectively. The co-reactant salt is generally a magnesium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, iron (II) sulfide (troilite), or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed and claimed is a composition and method of inhibiting the formation of hydrate agglomerates in a fluid comprising water, gas, and optionally liquid hydrocarbon. The composition comprises the following formula and the method comprises adding to the fluid an effective anti-agglomerant amount of any of the following formula and optionally salts thereof. R1, R2, and R3 are each independently CnH2n+1 or benzyl. R4 is C4-C20 alkyl or alkenyl. n is an integer from 0 to 10. X? is a counterion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the production and/or purification of the salt of the compound (S)-2-[4-(2-fluorobenzyloxy) benzylamino]propanamide, i.e. ralfinamide, or the respective R-enantiomer, with methane sulfonic acid in high yields and very high enantiomeric and chemical purity in the form of the crystalline anhydrous polymorph identified as form A, wherein said salt is substantially free from impurities having genotoxic effect, such as (C1-C5)alkanylmethanesulfonates, and residual solvents known as potential precursors thereof, such as (C1-C5)alkanols or esters thereof with lower alkanoic acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of Formula I, compositions containing same, and methods of use.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I are provided: R1 is an alkoxy or O(CH2)pX, p is an integer from 2 to 3 and X is OH, NH2, or CO2H, m is an integer from 0 to 5, n is an integer from 0 to 5, each R2 is independently selected from hydrogen, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxymethyl, heterocyclyl, hetereocyclylmethyl, amino, amido, hydroxamido, any of which may be optionally substituted with one or more of acyl, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, or halogen, each R3 is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, carboxy, hydroxymethyl, amido, and at least one of R2 and R3 is not hydrogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for purifying mixtures comprising 4,4?-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, which comprises purifying by distillation a mixture I comprising 4,4?-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate having a hydrolyzable chlorine content as specified in ASTM D4663-10 of greater than 100 ppm by means of a column K1, wherein the gaseous stream comprising the mixture I is brought into contact in the column K1 with at least one liquid compound A which has the same or higher boiling point than 4,4?-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate and which has a hydrolyzable chlorine content as specified in ASTM D4663-10 of a maximum of 100 ppm, and wherein the gaseous stream O obtained at the top of the column comprises 4,4?-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate has a hydrolyzable chlorine content as specified in ASTM D4663-10 of a maximum of 100 ppm.

Abstract: Method for the production of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide in a urea plant containing a high-pressure synthesis section with a horizontal pool condenser, wherein the method comprises exchanging heat from a high pressure process medium received in a shell section of the pool condenser to a medium pressure urea containing solution received in a first heat exchanging section provided in the pool condenser to at least decompose ammonium carbamate into NH3 and CO2, wherein the method further comprises exchanging heat from the high pressure process medium to a low pressure steam condensate received in a second heat exchanging section provided in the pool condenser to produce low pressure steam. The invention also relates to an apparatus for the production of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: Provided are high purity sodium p-styrenesulfonate with an excellent hue which is useful as a reactive emulsifier or dispersant for producing a polymer emulsion, or synthetic starch for clothing ironing and poly(sodium p-styrene-sulfonate) with an excellent hue using the same or sodium p-styrenesulfonate improved in fluidity while keeping good solubility. An aqueous p-?-bromoethylbenzenesulfonic acid solution and an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution are reacted under specific conditions to control the particle size, thereby obtaining sodium p-styrenesulfonate particles improved in a balance between fluidity and solubility, and further, impurities such as isomers are reduced, thereby obtaining high-purity sodium p-styrenesulfonate with an excellent hue.

Abstract: The invention provides processes and materials for the efficient and costeffective functionalization of alkanes and heteroalkanes, comprising contacting the alkane or heteroalkane and a soft oxidizing electrophile comprising Se(VI) or Te(VI), in an acidic medium, optionally further comprising an aprotic medium, which can be carried out at a temperature of less than 300 C. Isolation of the alkylselenium or alkyltellurium intermediate allows the subsequent conversion to products not necessarily compatible with the initial reaction conditions, such as amines, stannanes, organosulfur compounds, acyls, halocarbons, and olefins.

Abstract: Methods and systems for on-site generation of peracid chemistry, namely peroxycarboxylic acids and peroxycarboxylic acid forming compositions, are disclosed. In particular, an adjustable biocide formulator or generator system is designed for on-site generation of peroxycarboxylic acids and peroxycarboxylic acid forming compositions from sugar esters. Methods of using the in situ generated peroxycarboxylic acids and peroxycarboxylic acid forming compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the present invention provides cycloalkyl pyrrolidine compounds and methods for their use in the treatment and/or prevention of various diseases, conditions and syndromes, including central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and sleep disorder as well as methods for their synthesis. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of the invention, as well as methods of inhibiting reuptake of endogenous monoamines, such as dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft and methods of modulating one or more monoamine transporter.

Abstract: An acetic acid ester compound represented by the following formula (I) or a salt thereof, wherein R represents optionally substituted deuterated lower alkyl, is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to 3-piperidone compounds, and in particular, to (2S)-phenyl-3-piperidone and its synthesis method. Use of the thus-synthesized 3-piperidone compounds as potent neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonists is also provided.

Abstract: An improved synthesis of a class of inhibitor of Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is provided, wherein use of an expensive palladium-based catalyst is reduced and reaction yields and product purities are improved. Two key reactions of coupling of aryl halides with anilines are optimized with the surprising discovery that the palladium-based catalyst can be dispensed with entirely in one of the reactions. The invention also provides the use of the FAK-inhibitory compounds in the treatment of inflammatory and immune disorders and of arthritis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of general formula: and to the cosmetic or pharmaceutical use thereof.

Abstract: [Problem] to provide an aromatic imide compound wherein the sensitivity for visible light such as g-line, h-line etc. is increased and solubility is also improved. [Means for solving problem] The aromatic imide compound of the invention is a compound represented by the formula (1) below (in the formula, R1 represents a haloalkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or a haloaryl group, R2 represents a group containing a substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic group which may have a heteroatom, and adjacent R2s may form an imido group by connecting each other, R3 represent a halogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, m is zero or an integer of 1 or more, n is zero or an integer of 1 or more, and a sum of n and m is 1 to 6). These compounds are obtained by following processes. A halogenated naphtharic anhydride is reacted with an aromatic group-containing hydrocarbon such as ethynylbenzene to prepare a naphthalic anhydride substituted by an aromatic group-containing group.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds useful for the treatment of HBV infection in a subject in need thereof, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of inhibiting, suppressing, or preventing HBV infection in the subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dispersant excellent in the solubility to a solvent, the adsorption power to a coloring material, and the coloring material dispersibility, and reduced in the self-coloring property, a compound and a polymerizable compound for preparing the dispersant, and a toner using the dispersant. The dispersant has a structure in which a structure represented by the following specific formula (3) or a tautomer thereof is bonded with a polymer, and the toner contains the dispersant.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel substituted condensed pyrimidine compounds of general formula (I) in which the chemical groupings, substituents and indices are as defined in the description, and to their use as medicaments, in particular as medicaments for the treatment of conditions and diseases that can be treated by inhibition of the PDE4 enzyme.

Abstract: Disclosed is (S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-((5R,7R)-7-hydroxy-5-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(isopropylamino)propan-1-one monohydrochloride, forms, formulations, pharmaceutical compositions, processes of manufacturing and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein, R1 is optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted pyridinyl, and R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using the compounds for treating diseases associated with P2X3 and/or a P2X2/3 receptor antagonists and methods of making the compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula I which are capable of inhibition of the activation of hNav1.1 or hNav1.6 sodium channels in neurons. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds are also provided. Methods for prevention and treatment of neurological disorders, including, for example, seizures and seizure disorders, including Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome, Dravet syndrome, epileptic encephalopathies, autism, Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM), anxiety disorders, including Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder, neuropathic pain, and Rett syndrome by administration of these compounds are also provided.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein is directed to compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are useful in the treatment of prostate, breast, colon, pancreatic, human chronic lymphocytic leukemia, melanoma and other cancers. The invention also comprises pharmaceutical compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The invention disclosed herein is also directed to methods of treating prostate, breast, ovarian, liver, kidney, colon, pancreatic, human chronic lymphocytic leukemia, melanoma and other cancers. The invention disclosed herein is further directed to methods of treating prostate, breast, colon, pancreatic, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, melanoma and other cancers comprising administration of a of a therapeutically effective amount of a selective PPAR? antagonist.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to N-((arylamino)alkyl)-5-arylisoxazole-3-carboxamide analogs, derivatives thereof, and related compounds, which are useful as mediators of transcriptional induction of E-cadherin; synthesis methods for making the compounds; pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds; and methods of treating disorders associated with E-cadherin activity using the compounds and compositions. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds of the Formula I as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, that are potentially useful for treating aldosterone-mediated diseases. The invention furthermore relates to processes for preparing compounds of the Formula I, to their possible use in the treatment of the abovementioned diseases and for preparing pharmaceuticals for this purpose, and to pharmaceutical compositions which comprise compounds of the Formula I.

Abstract: A novel low viscosity epoxide having the following general Structure (I): Structure (I) wherein R1 and R2 can be, but is not limited to, hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having from C1 to about C20 carbon atoms; with the proviso that R1 and R2 are not both hydrogen.

Abstract: A drug using the magnetic properties of a metal salen complex as represented by the following general formula in order to magnetize the intended drug by chemically binding the drug to a metal salen complex so that the drug can be delivered to the target diseased site. The drug can be delivered to the diseased site using the magnetic properties of the drug per se without using a carrier made of a magnetic substance as in the conventional methods.

Abstract: The present invention discloses single step, highly enantioselective catalytic oxidative cyclization process for the synthesis of 3-substituted chiral phthalides. In particular, the invention discloses asymmetric synthesis of chiral phthalides via synergetic nitrile accelerated oxidative cyclization of o-cyano substituted aryl alkenes in high yield and enantiomeric excess (ee) in short reaction time. Also, disclosed herein is “one-pot” asymmetric synthesis of biologically important natural compounds having 3-substituted chiral phthalide structural framework in the molecule.

Abstract: The present invention provides a phenyl C-glucoside derivative containing a deoxyglucose structure as represented by formula I, preparation method thereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and uses thereof in the preparation of medicaments for treating diabetes, wherein substituents R1-R7 are as defined in the specification. The present invention also provides a method for synthesizing the phenyl C-glucoside derivative containing a deoxyglucose structure and an intermediate product. The method has advantages of being simple to manage and of low cost, which is suitable for large-scale industrial production. The present invention further provides a cocrystal of (1S)-1-[4-chloro-3-(4-ethoxybenzyl)phenyl]-1,6-dideoxy-D-glucose and L-proline, and preparation method and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula I, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Compounds of the present invention are useful for inhibiting fungal or parasitic growth. The compounds are useful as inhibitors of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis, in particular, as inhibitors of fungal Gwt1 activity. The present invention further provides methods of using the compounds described herein for treating fungal or parasitic infections. The compounds can also be used as biological probes to study the effects of inhibiting Gwt1 activity.

Abstract: Provided are certain histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors of Formula I, compositions thereof, and methods of their use.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formulae I, II, III, and IV including pro-drugs for treprostinil and prostacyclin analogs. Uses include treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The structures of the compounds can be adapted to the particular application for a suitable treatment dosage. Transdermal applications can be used.

Abstract: Novel compounds, and in particular to diacylglycerol (1, 3-DAG) and alpha-lipoic acid (LA) and/or dihydro-alpha-lipoic acid (DHLA) derivatives. In particular these novel compounds are used as functional food additives. These may for example be used as nutraceuticals and/or pharmaceuticals in the prevention and treatment of obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, oxidative stress and other lifestyle-related diseases.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to spiropyrrolidine compounds of formula (I) which are inhibitors of the beta-secretase enzyme and that are useful in the treatment of diseases in which the beta-secretase enzyme is involved, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the treatment of such diseases in which the beta-secretase enzyme is involved.

Abstract: A compound exerts a strong analgesic effect against pain, in particular, neuropathic pain and/or fibromyalgia syndrome. The cyclic amine derivative is represented by formula, a prodrug thereof or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof: wherein A represents a group represented by Formula (IIa), (IIb) or (IIc): wherein R3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally substituted with an alkylcarbonylamino group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and n represents 1 or 2, in which when R3 and R4 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and substituted with a hydroxyl group, an amino group or a carboxyl group.

Abstract: Compounds for inhibiting hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) prolyl-4-hydroxylases (PHDs) having the general formula (1). Methods of using these and related compounds for treating a patient having a condition that would benefit from inhibiting HIF PHD are also described herein.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds having the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, A, B, m, n and p are as described herein, compositions including the compounds and methods of using the compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to bis-amide containing MMP inhibiting compounds, and more particularly to selectively deuterated bis-amide MMP-13 inhibiting compounds that exhibit increased stability or potency in relation to currently known MMP-13 inhibitors. Additionally, the present invention relates to methods for treating pain and inflammation in a patient comprising administering to the patient a pain-reducing effective amount of a present compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides solid state forms of Vilazodone and Vilazodone hydrochloride, processes for preparing these solid state forms, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more of these solid state forms.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds according to Formula (I) which are inhibitors of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), to pharmaceutical compositions containing them, to processes for their preparation, and to their use in therapy for the treatment of cancers.

Abstract: Pyrazol-4-yl-heterocyclyl-carboxamide compounds of Formula I, including stereoisomers, geometric isomers, tautomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is thiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridinyl, or pyrimidinyl, are useful for inhibiting Pim kinase, and for treating disorders such as cancer mediated by Pim kinase. Methods of using compounds of Formula I for in vitro, in situ, and in vivo diagnosis, prevention or treatment of such disorders in mammalian cells, or associated pathological conditions, are disclosed.