Abstract: A selective hydrogenation process is described. The process includes dissolving acetylene and hydrogen in a solvent to form a liquid feedstream. The solvent comprises a mixture of a polar organic solvent and a non-polar organic solvent. The liquid feedstream is contacted with a heterogeneous supported selective hydrogenation catalyst at selective hydrogenation conditions to convert at least a portion of the acetylene to ethylene forming a liquid reaction mixture comprising the ethylene produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing butadiene. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of preparing butadiene by feeding butene and oxygen into a reactor containing a composite metal oxide catalyst and performing oxidative dehydrogenation, wherein a mole ratio of the oxygen to the butene is 1.8 to 2.2. In accordance with the present invention, a method of preparing butadiene to secure long-term operation stability by maintaining the intensity of a catalyst despite oxidative dehydrogenation and not to decrease selectivity due to less side reaction is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing butadiene from n-butenes having a start-up phase and an operating phase, wherein the process in the operating phase comprises the steps: A) provision of a feed gas stream a1 comprising n-butenes; B) introduction of the feed gas stream a1 comprising n-butenes, of an oxygen-comprising gas stream a2 and of an oxygen-comprising recycle gas stream d2 into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes to butadiene, giving a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unreacted n-butenes, water vapor, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, high-boiling secondary components, possibly carbon oxides and possibly inert gases; C) cooling and compression of the product gas stream b and condensation of at least part of the high-boiling secondary components, giving at least one aqueous condensate stream c1 and a gas stream c2 comprising butadiene, n-butenes, water vapor, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, possibly carbon oxides and possibly

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for obtaining an olefin by metathesis comprising feeding at least one stream comprising at least one olefin as starting material to at least one reactor comprising at least one main catalyst bed comprising a) at least one first catalyst component comprising a metathesis catalyst, and b) at least one second catalyst component comprising a catalyst for double bond isomerisation, whereby the first and second catalyst are physically mixed with each other, wherein the at least one stream comprising at least one olefin as starting material is co-fed with hydrogen gas in a concentration range between 0.01 Vol % and 0.2 Vol % in respect to the total gas amount in the stream, and the metathesis process is conducted in the at least one reactor at a pressure between 0.1 MPa and 3.0 MPa and at a temperature between 250° C. and 300 ° C.

Abstract: A method (100) for obtaining olefins is proposed, wherein a first gas mixture (b), which is produced by a steam cracking process (1), is at least partially used to form a first separation feedstock (f) which contains hydrocarbons with one to five carbon atoms, and from which at least a first separation product (g) and a second separation product (h, o) are produced, the first separation product (g) containing at least the greater proportion of the hydrocarbons with one carbon atom and of the hydrocarbons with two carbon atoms contained in the first separation feedstock (f), and the second separation product (h, o) containing at least the greater proportion of the hydrocarbons with four carbon atoms and of the hydrocarbons with five carbon atoms contained in the first separation feedstock (f), and wherein a second gas mixture (r) which is produced by an oxygenate-to-olefin process (2) is used at least partially to form a second separation feedstock (t) which contains hydrocarbons with one to five carbon atoms,

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the production of at least one xylene isomer is provided. The process includes passing a first stream to one side of a split shell fractionation column and a second stream to the other side of the column. The second stream has a higher ratio of ethylbenzene to total C8 aromatics than the first stream. A first overhead stream from the one side is separated and passed as a mixed xylene product and a second overhead stream from the other side is separated and passed as feed to a para-xylene separation zone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for purifying hydrocarbon mixtures, in which a contaminated hydrocarbon mixture comprising olefins having three to eight carbon atoms is at least partly freed of sulphur-containing contaminants by contacting it with a solid sorbent, the hydrocarbon mixture being exclusively in the liquid state during the contact with the sorbent. The problem that it addressed was that of virtually completely removing sulphur compounds present in the mixture without forming new sulphur compounds again at the same time. At the same time, 1-butene present therein was not to be lost in the purification of the mixture. Finally, the sorbent used was to have a high sorption capacity, be very substantially free of carcinogenic constituents and be readily available. This problem is solved by using a sorbent based on copper oxide, zinc oxide and aluminium oxide in a particular composition, and by conducting the purification in the presence of a small amount of hydrogen.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a chemical composition comprising an aromatic compound a in a concentration B by weight, based on the total weight of the chemical composition, including: a. providing the following reaction components: i. a chemical composition comprising the following: a) The aromatic compound a in a concentration A by weight based on the total weight of the chemical composition, and b) An olefin in an amount of about 50 to about 99.99 wt. %, based on the total weight of the chemical composition, and ii. an acid; and b. reacting the components to obtain the chemical composition comprising the aromatic compound a in a concentration B by weight based on the total weight of the chemical composition; wherein the concentration B is less than the concentration A.

Abstract: The present invention provides adiabatic plug flow reactors suitable for the production of chlorinated and/or fluorinated propene and higher alkenes from the reaction of chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkanes and chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkenes. The reactors comprise one or more designs that minimize the production of by-products at a desired conversion.

Abstract: To provide a method for purifying trifluoroethylene, by which from a fluid containing trifluoroethylene, a C1-5 alkane or alkene (excluding trifluoroethylene) in which at least one hydrogen atom may be substituted with a chlorine atom or a fluorine atom can be efficiently removed, and a method for producing trifluoroethylene by which trifluoroethylene can be efficiently produced. A fluid containing trifluoroethylene is brought into contact with at least one type of synthetic zeolite selected from synthetic zeolites 3A, 4A and 5A.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene comprising contacting 1,1,1-trifluorotrichloroethane with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising ruthenium to produce a product mixture comprising 1316mxx, recovering said 1316mxx as a mixture of Z- and E-isomers, contacting said 1316mxx with hydrogen, in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of copper on carbon, nickel on carbon, copper and nickel on carbon and copper and palladium on carbon, to produce a second product mixture, comprising E- or Z-CFC-1326mxz, and subjecting said second product mixture to a separation step to provide E- or Z-1326mxz.

Abstract: To alleviate global warming while providing a liquid fuel to replace gasoline, apparatus and methods are disclosed for generating methanol from natural gas via the syngas route. Said apparatus and methods can also serve to dispose of any CO2 that is captured from fuel burning exhausts, especially from motor vehicle exhausts. With a proper choice of reagent ratios, the energy required for the methanol generation may derive from exothermic reactions yielding enough heat to make up for the endothermic reaction energy involved in steam reforming of natural gas, thus obviating the need for any substantial electric energy input. Although steam reforming of natural gas may yield a methanol-rich fuel that will outcompete gasoline by a wide margin, it would still fail by itself to significantly alleviate global warming.

Abstract: The invention relates to long chain alcohol, to processes for catalytically producing long chain alcohol from carbon monoxide and molecular hydrogen, to equipment useful in such processes, and to the use of long chain alcohol, e.g., for producing fuel, lubricating oil, detergent, and plasticizer. The catalyst is mesoporous and comprises iron and copper.

Abstract: A process separates pure components from a product mixture produced by a one-step dimethyl ether synthesis reactor. The product mixture is scrubbed with pure dimethyl ether followed by scrubbing with aqueous methanol solvent in two absorption columns to reduce CO2 level and to minimize methanol and dimethyl ether loss with the recovered unconverted synthetic gas. The pure water or aqueous methanol is mixed with the vapor stream of CO2 separation distillation. Dimethyl ether, methanol and water mixture are separated. A scheme for separation of methanol and water mixture minimizes the size, energy and cost of separation. The process can be cost-effective, energy-efficient, environment-friendly and readily-miniaturized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ethers of 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexanes, to the preparation of such ethers and also to the use of such ethers as fragrances and as formulation auxiliaries in fragrance-comprising preparations.

Abstract: A method for producing a 5-norbornene-2-spiro-?-cycloalkanone-??-spiro-2?-5?-norbornene, comprising: a first step of forming a specific Mannich base by reacting a specific carbonyl compound and a specific amine compound with each other in an acidic solvent comprising a formaldehyde derivative and an acid represented by a formula: HX (in the formula, X represents F or the like), to thereby obtain a reaction liquid comprising the Mannich base in the acidic solvent; and a second step of reacting the Mannich base and a specific diene compound with each other by adding an organic solvent, a base in an amount of 1.0 to 20.0 mole equivalents to the acid, and the diene compound to the reaction liquid, and then heating the reaction liquid, to thereby form a specific 5-norbornene-2-spiro-?-cycloalkanone-??-spiro-2?-5?-norbornene, wherein a content of the acid in the acidic solvent used in the first step is 0.01 to 0.075 mole equivalents to the ketone group of the carbonyl compound.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a process for oxidation of p-xylene to terephalic acid. Recovery of fluid medium and valuable chemicals in carried out using p-xylene as fluid medium which is also the starting material. The recovered stream containing p-xylene, acetic acid and other valuable chemicals is recycled to the oxidation step. The process disclosed in the present disclosure is energy efficinnt and cost effective.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method of producing carbonate can comprise: reacting a feed comprising carbon monoxide and chlorine in a tube of a reactor to produce a product composition comprising phosgene, wherein the tube has a particulate catalyst contained therein, wherein a thermally conductive material separate from the tube contacts at least a portion of the particulate catalyst, and wherein carbon tetrachloride is present in the product composition in an amount of 0 to 10 ppm by volume based on the volume of the phosgene; and reacting a monohydroxy compound with the phosgene to produce the carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a single-pot method for preparing dialkyl carbonates, the method comprises reaction of alkylene oxide with aliphatic or cyclic aliphatic alcohol, using wood ash catalyst, under CO2 pressure and heating the reaction mixture thereof to obtain dialkyl carbonates.

Abstract: A fullerene derivative of the present invention has a fullerene skeleton and a plurality of perfluoropolyether chains in a molecule, wherein the perfluoropolyether chains are bonded to the fullerene skeleton via methano groups, and a lubricant and fluororesin composition of the present invention contain the derivative.

Abstract: The invention relates to specific ketones of formula (I) which act as photolabile pro-fragrances. The invention further relates to detergents or cleaning agents, cosmetic agents and air freshening products including ketones of said type. The invention also relates to a method for lastingly scenting surfaces and a method for lastingly fragrancing rooms using said ketones.

Abstract: The present invention refers to new solid forms of Enclomiphene citrate and Enclomiphene base, processes for preparing thereof and uses.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of making the compound of Formula I: and certain intermediates involved in such process.

Abstract: A novel catalyst is provided which enables efficient production of an oxidation product by using an oxygen-induced oxidation reaction of an organic substrate. A novel method of using the catalyst enables efficient manufacturing of the oxidation product by oxidizing the organic substrate using oxygen. A catalyst used in the oxidation reaction of the organic substrate using oxygen contains compound (A), compounds (A) and (B), compounds (A) and (C), compounds (B) and (C), or compounds (A) and (B) and (C). A method for manufacturing the oxidation product using the catalyst involves bringing the organic substrate into contact with oxygen. Compound (A) is an inorganic peroxo acid, a salt of an inorganic peroxo acid, and/or N-halogenated succinimide, compound (B) is a nitroxide and/or a peroxide, and compound (C) is layered silicate.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds having activity as bacterial RNA polymerase inhibitors and antibacterial agents, as well as compositions comprising the compounds and methods for their use. Specifically, phenylalanineamide and tyrosinamide compounds are disclosed that have inhibitory activity toward mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase. Use of these compounds in the treatment or prevention of M. tuberculosis infections in a mammal, is disclosed.

Abstract: Acid generator compounds are provided that are particularly useful as a photoresist composition component. In one preferred aspect, acid generators are provided that comprise one or more hydrophilic moieties.

Abstract: Disclosed are 1?,25-dihydroxy-24,24-difluoro-2-methylene-19-nor-vitamin D analogs and their pharmaceutical uses. These new vitamin D analogs are 19-nor-vitamin D analogs having two fluorine atom substitutions at the 24 position (C-24) in the side chain and optionally having a 2-methylene substituent.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the synthesis of key intermediates for the synthesis of Argatroban monohydrate, ethyl (2R,4R)-1-[(2S)-2-amino-5-[[imino(nitroamino)methyl]amino]-1-oxopentyl]-4-methylpiperidine-2-carboxylate compounded with HCl. Such intermediates are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to (?)-(2R,3S)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-3-pyridin-4-yl-1-pyrrolidin-1-yl-propan-1-one (L)-(+) tartrate salt, a pharmaceutical composition comprising said salt, a process for making said salt, and the use of said salt in the treatment of pain.

Abstract: Aminopyridine compounds, as can be used in conjunction with methods for modulation of nitric oxide synthase activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to compositions and methods for treating cancer and neoplastic disease. Provided herein are substituted amidopyridine or amidopyridazine derivative compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds. The subject compounds and compositions are useful for inhibition histone demethylase. Furthermore, the subject compounds and compositions are useful for the treatment of cancer, such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer and/or melanoma and the like.

Abstract: Compounds described herein can be used for therapeutic purposes. The compounds can be TLR agonists, such as TLR8 agonists. The compounds can be included in pharmaceutical compositions and used for therapies were being a TLR8 agonist is useful. The pharmaceutical compositions can include any ingredients, such as carries, diluents, excipients, fillers or the like that are common in pharmaceutical compositions. The compounds can be those illustrated or described herein as well as derivative thereof, prodrug thereof, salt thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, or having any chirality at any chiral center, or tautomer, polymorph, solvate, or combinations thereof. As such, the compounds can be used as adjuvants in vaccines as well as for other therapeutic purposes described herein. The compounds can have any one of the formulae described herein or derivative thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds of relatively low aquatic toxicity and methods of using the heterocyclic compounds as corrosion inhibitors. The present method is used to inhibit corrosion of a metal surface in contact with an aqueous system using pyrazole derivatives, and provides enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in aqueous systems. The method comprises the use of corrosion inhibitors that are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides. Formulations comprising pyrazole derivatives are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and methods of using the compounds for treating breast cancer by administration to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The breast cancer may be an ER-positive breast cancer and/or the subject in need of treatment may express a mutant ER-? protein.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel method capable of producing rosuvastatin calcium and intermediates therefor efficiently, inexpensively and with high purity. The present invention provides a method of efficiently producing rosuvastatin calcium and intermediates therefor having a high purity at an industrial scale, without using an extremely low temperature reaction or a special asymmetric catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to stable novel salt forms of N-(cyanomethyl)-4-(2-(4-morpholinophenylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzamide that are suitable for the preparation of pharmaceutical formulations thereof, and their therapeutic use.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of making a compound of formula (I) and intermediates for same the compounds of formula (I) being useful for treating cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments detail improved methods for the synthesis of diketopiperazines from amino acids. In particular improved methods for the cyclocondensation and purification of N-protected 3,6-(aminoalkyl)-2,5-diketopiperazines from N-protected amino acids. Disclosed embodiments describe methods for the synthesis of 3,6-bis-[N-protected aminoalkyl]-2,5-diketopiperazine comprising heating a mixture of an amino acid in the presence of a catalyst in an organic solvent. The catalyst is selected from the group comprising sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, 1-propylphosphonic acid cyclic anhydride, tributyl phosphate, phenyl phosphonic acid and phosphorous pentoxide among others. The solvent is selected from the group comprising: dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, diglyme, ethyl glyme, proglyme, ethyldiglyme, m-cresol, p-cresol, o-cresol, xylenes, ethylene glycol and phenol among others.

Abstract: Novel salts and cocrystals of lesinurad, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these new salt forms and co-crystals, and use of them for treating or delaying progression or onset of diseases or disorders related to activity of uric acid transport 1 (URAT1) proteins are disclosed. These novel forms were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and other techniques. They can be readily prepared and are suitable for preparation of solid dosage forms owing to their ease of handling and superior pharmacological properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of refining valsartan comprising more than or equal to 10% D-isomers, the method comprising: adding a solvent to valsartan comprising more than or equal to 10% D-isomers to dissolve it, then adding a certain amount of inorganic base, separating solids out after salification, distilling a filtrate after filtration, and distilling the filtrate to remove the organic solvent; adjusting the pH of the filtrate with an acid, extracting with an organic solvent, concentrating most of the organic solvent, cooling to crystallize, and obtaining the product. The method enables isomers of the product to be below 0.5%, and produce a yield of more than or equal to 40%, being suitable for industrial production.

Abstract: A fused heterocyclic compound having an enteropeptidase inhibitory action and use of the compound as a medicament for treatment or prophylaxis of obesity, diabetes mellitus, etc., are provided. Specifically, a compound represented by the following formula (I): wherein each symbol is as defined herein, or a salt thereof and use of the compound as a medicament for treatment or prophylaxis of obesity, diabetes mellitus, etc., are provided.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to small molecule inhibitors of paxillin and paxillin binding, and related compositions and methods of treatment.

Abstract: A method for producing a purified compound represented by the formula (II), comprising; obtaining a reaction mixture containing a compound represented by the formula (I) from a crude compound represented by the formula (II) such as reacting the crude compound with a ketone compound, and reacting the obtained reaction mixture or a solution by filtering thus obtained reaction mixture containing the compound represented by the formula (I) with water.

Abstract: The instant invention provides near-infrared fluorescent nerve contrast agents and methods of using them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the following compounds for use in the treatment of a bacterial infection wherein the integers are as defined in the description. The invention also relates to compounds for use as medicaments, pharmaceutical compositions and some novel compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydrophilically modified multifunctional amine AC which has more than one primary amino group per molecule, and at least one group per molecule derived from the reaction of an epoxide group with a reactive group selected from the group consisting of secondary amino groups >NH, hydroxyl groups —OH, mercaptan groups —SH, amide groups —CO—NHR, where R can be hydrogen or an alkyl group having from one to twelve carbon atoms, hydroxyester groups, and acid groups, particularly carboxyl groups —COOH, sulphonic acid groups —SO3H, and phosphonic acid groups —PO3H2, and preferably, also moieties which are compatible with an epoxy resin, as well as a process for its preparation, and a method of use thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of making the compound of Formula I: and certain intermediates involved in such process.

Abstract: A crystalline form of dapagliflozin represented by formula (I) is provided. The crystalline form has a characteristic absorption peak in an X-ray powder diffraction pattern at a diffraction angle 2? and interplanar spacing (value d) at about 4.318 (20.45) in an X-ray powder diffraction pattern. The crystalline form can be prepared by dissolving dapagliflozin in good organic solvents, adding poor solvents, stirring to crystallization, filtering and drying. The provided crystalline form of dapagliflozin has the following features: good solubility, low hygroscopicity, high stability and good preparation reproducibility.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having the structure: wherein R1 is halogen, —NR5R6, —NR5—C(?O)—R6, —NH—C(?O)—OR7, —OR7, —NO2, —CN, —SR7, —SO2R7, —CO2R7, CF3, —SOR7, —POR7, —C(?S)R7, —C(?O)—NR5R6, —CH2—C(?O)—NR5R6, —C(?NR5) R6, —P(?O)(OR5)(OR6), —P(OR5)(OR6), —C(?S)C1-5 alkyl, C2-5 alkenyl, C2-5 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, wherein R5, R6, and R7 and are each, independently, H, C1-5 alkyl, C2-5 alkenyl, C2-5 alkynyl, heteroalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C1-5 alkyl-aryl, or C1-5 alkyl-NH-aryl; Ar1 is phenyl or thiophene; wherein when Ar1 is phenyl, then R1 is other than —O(?O)—NR5R6, where one of R5 or R6 is phenyl or quinoline and the other of R5 or R6 is hydroxyalkyl, or where one of R5 or R6 is quinoline and the other of R5 or R6 is H; and wherein when Ar1 is phenyl, then R1 is other than —NR5—C(?O)—R6, where one of R5 is H and R6 is quinoline, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are substituted pyrazolylpyridine, pyrazolylpyridazine, and pyrazolylpyrimidine derivative compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds. The subject compounds and compositions are useful for inhibition histone demethylase. Furthermore, the subject compounds and compositions are useful for the treatment of cancer, such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer and/or melanoma and the like.