Abstract: The present invention is an improved package and configuration for an implantable retinal prosthesis. The retinal prosthesis of the present invention includes an electrode array suitable to be mounted in close proximity to a retina, an electronics package and inductive receiving coil mounted next to each other on a strap surrounding the sclera so that the height above the sclera of the prosthesis is minimized.

Abstract: It has been discovered that pain felt in a given region of the body can be treated by stimulating a peripheral nerve at a therapeutically effective distance from the region where pain is felt to generate a comfortable sensation (i.e., paresthesia) overlapping the regions of pain. A method has been developed to reduce pain in a painful region following limb joint replacement by stimulating a peripheral nerve innervating the painful region with an electrode inserted into tissue and spaced from the peripheral nerve. This method may be used to help alleviate postoperative pain in patients following total knee arthroplasty surgery or other limb joint replacement surgeries.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods for positioning of an implantable lead in a patient with an integrated EMG and stimulation clinician programmer. The integrated clinician programmer is coupled to the implantable lead, wherein the implantable lead comprises at least four electrodes, and to at least one EMG sensing electrode minimally invasively positioned on a skin surface or within the patient. The method comprises delivering a test stimulation at a stimulation amplitude level from the integrated clinician programmer to a nerve tissue of the patient with a principal electrode of the implantable lead. Test stimulations are delivered at a same stimulation amplitude level for a same period of time sequentially to each of the four electrodes of the implantable lead.

Abstract: Devices and methods for treating obstructive sleep apnea by first performing an assessment of the patient that involves observing the patient's upper airway during a tongue protrusion maneuver. The assessment may, for example, be done using endoscopy to observe the upper airway while the patient is awake in the supine position. An adequate response of the upper airway during the tongue protrusion maneuver is indicative of likely therapeutic success with hypoglossal nerve stimulation, and may be used for making clinical decisions. The principles of the present invention may be applied to other therapeutic interventions for OSA involving the upper airway.

Abstract: A method is provided to deliver C tactile fiber stimulation to nervous tissue of a patient. The method comprises delivering a first tactile stimulation waveform to a first electrode combination within an array of electrodes located proximate to nervous tissue of interest. The method further provides sequentially delivering successive tactile stimulation waveforms to successive electrode combinations within the array of electrodes. The first and successive tactile stimulation waveforms include at least one series of pulses having a pulse amplitude and pulse frequency. Delaying delivery of the successive tactile stimulation waveforms by a firing delay, the pulse amplitude, pulse frequency and firing delay represent therapy parameters. The method manages at least one of the therapy parameters of the first and successive tactile stimulation waveforms to excite C tactile fibers of the nervous tissue of interest.

Abstract: In accordance with the techniques for heart monitoring described in this disclosure, an implantable medical device (IMD) may assess cardiac wall motion using impedance measurements through cardiac leads. As an example, the IMD may calculate an amount or rate of change in impedance due to the motion of a wall of the heart during at least a portion of one cardiac cycle, e.g., systole, in order to assess the strength of systolic contraction.

Abstract: A medical device system and method for determining pacing threshold data that includes a cardiac capture sensor, a phrenic nerve stimulation sensor, a pulse generator selectively coupled to a plurality of electrode vectors to deliver a phrenic nerve stimulation pulse, and a processor coupled to the cardiac capture sensor, the phrenic nerve stimulation sensor and the pulse generator and configured to deliver the phrenic nerve stimulation pulse along the plurality of electrode vectors, determine, for each vector of the plurality of vectors, whether phrenic nerve stimulation is detected in response to the delivered phrenic nerve stimulation, deliver a pacing pulse along only the vectors of the plurality of vectors that phrenic nerve stimulation is determined not to be detected, and determine pacing capture thresholds in response to the delivered pacing pulse.

Abstract: An implantable medical device includes a pressure input, an excitation source, a detector module, and a processor. The pressure input is configured to be joined to a pressure sensor located proximate to a cardiac chamber of the heart. The pressure input receives pressure measurements representative of a pressure in the cardiac chamber. The excitation source is configured to deliver stimulation pulses to the heart. The detector module communicates with the pressure sensor to receive and compare the pressure measurements to a pressure threshold. The processor instructs the excitation source to deliver the stimulation pulses at a pressure-based rate based on the comparison of the pressure measurements to the pressure threshold.

Abstract: In various method embodiments, a neural activity signal is sensed, a feature from the sensed neural activity signal is extracted, and a neural marker for the extracted feature is created. The neural marker includes information regarding the extracted feature. Various device embodiments comprise a port to receive a neural activity signal, and a feature extractor adapted to receive and process the neural activity signal to produce a neural marker that includes information for the neural activity signal. Various device embodiments comprise a display, a memory adapted to store a neural marker associated with a sensed neural activity signal, and a controller adapted to communicate with the memory and the display to provide a representation of the neural marker on the display.

Abstract: Approaches for characterizing a phrenic stimulation threshold, a cardiac capture threshold, a maximum device parameter, and a minimum device parameter are described. A plurality of cardiac pacing pulses can be delivered by using a cardiac pacing device, a pacing parameter of the plurality of cardiac pacing pulses being changed between delivery of at least some of the pulses. One or more sensor signals can be evaluated to detect stimulation of the phrenic nerve by one or more of the plurality of cardiac pacing pluses. The evaluation of the one or more sensor signals and the pacing parameter can be compared to determine if a phrenic stimulation threshold is at least one of higher than a maximum device parameter and lower than a minimum device parameter.

Abstract: System, implantable medical device and method for communicating between an implantable medical device and an external communication device. The implantable medical device has a physical connector, a medical module and a communication module. The medical module is configured to at least one of deliver a therapeutic output by way of the physical connector and/or sense data indicative of a physiologic condition of a patient by way of the physical connector. The external communication device is configured to communicate with the communication module by way of the physical connector. In an embodiment, electronic communication may be by way of a differential pair of connectors.

Abstract: A portable electronic programmer has a display screen, one or more sensors, a non-transitory memory storing instructions, and one or more electronic processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations that include: detecting, via the one or more sensors, that the display screen of the portable electronic programmer has been engaged by an object; determining a location of the display screen of the portable electronic programmer that has been engaged; and causing an external monitor to display a visual indicator that corresponds to the location of the display screen of the portable electronic programmer, the external monitor being communicatively coupled to the portable electronic programmer.

Abstract: Forming a connector head for a generator of an active implantable medical device by providing a pin (20) having alternating smooth sections (21) for receiving an electrical contact (210) and a profiled section (22); disposing the electrical contacts on the smooth sections; injecting into a first mold a flexibly resilient material around the profiled sections of the pin to produce isolation elements between the electrical contacts; injecting in a second mold a rigid material around the pin to form the connector head with the electrical contacts and isolation elements embedded therein; and withdrawing the pin from the cavity of the connector head thus formed. The material provides precise axial and radial positioning of the different elements, and good electrical insulation.

Abstract: A device for powering an implant within a body of a subject from a location external to the subject, wherein the implant requires a threshold rate of power increase in order to operate in at least one mode, may include an antenna configured to wirelessly transmit energy to the implant. The device may also include a power storage unit configured to store energy from a power source incapable of delivering the threshold rate of power increase to enable the implant unit to operate in the at least one mode and a power release unit configured to release a pulse of energy from the power storage unit to the antenna after the power storage unit collects an amount of energy sufficient to enable the implant unit to operate in the at least one mode.

Abstract: Methods and devices for stimulating nerves are disclosed. In one embodiment adapted for stimulating excitable tissue, the invention includes drive circuitry, an acoustic transducer and a pair of electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a detection architecture for use in implantable cardiac rhythm devices. The detection architecture of the present invention provides methods and devices for discriminating between arrhythmias. Moreover, by exploiting the enhanced specificity in the origin of the identified arrhythmia, the detection architecture can better discriminate between rhythms appropriate for device therapy and those that are not.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods are disclosed for treating bronchial constriction related to asthma, anaphylaxis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The treatment comprises transmitting impulses of energy non-invasively to selected nerve fibers that are responsible for smooth muscle dilation. The transmitted energy impulses, comprising magnetic and/or electrical, mechanical and/or acoustic, and optical and/or thermal energy, stimulate the selected nerve fibers.

Abstract: A phototherapeutic device includes a sheet member that is attachable to a skin; a skin-condition sensor that is disposed in the sheet member and that detects information related to a condition of the skin; and a light-emitting device unit that is disposed in the sheet member, the light-emitting device unit operating on the basis of the information detected by the skin-condition sensor. The light-emitting device unit includes a plurality of light-emitting devices that emit light having different wavelengths.

Abstract: A method and device for treating an infection of the nail or nail bed and adjacent tissues through non-thermal means is described. The device illuminates an area with light in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Preferably, light having wavelengths of from about 870 nm to about 930 nm will be used. Further, the device includes light emitting diodes that are capable of emitting ultraviolet light. These lights are intended to provide a sterile environment for a user using the apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting a brachytherapy includes at least one radiation device, at least one dose measuring device, and a processing unit. The at least one dose measuring device is configured to be introduced into a target area of an object under treatment which includes at least one target object and that is designed to measure radioactive radiation originating from the at least one radiation device, which is introduced into the target area of the object under treatment, and to provide the measured values by way of a device for transmission to the processing unit.

Abstract: This invention relates to MEMS X-ray sources based on carbon nanotube coated with metal oxides and metal oxide crystals and insulated with parylene for parallel microbeam intraoperative 100 to 1,000 Gy radiation therapies with minimal toxicity to normal tissue. It sterilizes cancer stem cells that cause tumor recurrence and metastasis. It generates high brightness, 10,000 to 20,000 Gy/s radiations that is closer to synchrotron radiation's dose rate. The parallel microbeam generating X-ray sources are microfabricated with CNT and its variant herringbone, stacked carbon nanotube. They are implantable or contact therapy X-ray sources. Each microfocus carbon nanotube based X-ray source is capable of switching a series of parallel microbeam simultaneously or in sequence. The 100-1,000 Gy single fraction radiosurgery exposes tumor antigens that induce local and systemic tumor immunity. It avoids adaptive resistance to radiation therapy as with 2 Gy daily fractionated radiation therapies that lasts several weeks.

Abstract: The therapeutic treatment of a patient using intensity-modulated proton therapy is described. In one example, a method of creating a proton treatment plan is presented that divides volumes of interest into sub-volumes, applies dose constraints to the sub-volumes, finds one or more feasible configurations of a proton therapy system, and selects a proton beam configuration that improves or optimizes one or more aspects of proton therapy. In some implementations, the method of dividing volumes into sub-volumes includes creating fractional sub-volumes based at least in part on proximity to a target volume boundary. In some implementations, the method of finding an improved or optimal proton beam configuration from a set of feasible configurations includes finding a minimum of a cost function that utilizes weighting factors associated with treatment sites.

Abstract: Provided is a device for multi-portal irradiation of particle beams which makes it possible to carry out multi-portal irradiation by remote operation without an operator having to enter an irradiation room. This device for remotely multi-portal irradiation of particle beams includes an irradiation room and a control room. The irradiation room comprises an irradiation device for emitting a particle beam at an irradiation target, an irradiation control device for controlling the position and direction of the irradiation device, and a support stand for supporting the irradiation target. The control room, in turn, includes a control device and a remote operation controller. The control device controls the position and direction of the irradiation device by controlling the irradiation control device.

Abstract: A system is attachable to a surface of a tissue of a patient for applying pressure pulses to the tissue. The system includes a shockwave transducer that has a shockwave generating portion and a solid transducer interface arranged to directly contact a tissue of a patient. The shockwave generating portion includes an electrical-to-shockwave energy converter operable to generate shockwaves. The transducer interface includes an electrically safe and bio-compatible material arranged to transmit the shockwaves from the shockwave generating portion to the tissue.

Abstract: An ultrasonic HIFU transducer (120) has a threaded opening into which a modular cavitation sensor (90) is removably located. The modular cavitation sensor includes a modular housing (92) containing a piezoelectric transducer for sensing acoustic signals indicative of cavitation. The modular cavitation sensor has electrodes (96,98) which engage spring contacts (112,114) in the threaded opening when the modular housing is screwed into the threaded opening. A damaged sensor can be unscrewed and replaced simply without connectors or soldering.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a carrageenan product comprising a semi-refined, alkali treated iota carrageenan wherein the semi-refined, alkali treated iota carrageenan has: (i) a viscosity of 18 cP to 83 cP, (ii) a particle size of at least 90% passing through a #100 US sieve mesh and at least 20% passing through a #230 US sieve mesh, and (iii) a fraction of sodium cations of at least 35%, wherein the fraction of sodium cations is determined by the weight of sodium cations divided by the sum of the weight of sodium cations and potassium cations. This invention is also directed to toothpaste compositions comprising the carrageenan product of the invention.

Abstract: An automobile safety glass breaker tool is held against an automobile safety glass window and fired to break the window. The tool is armed by sliding a firing pin piston to the rear against a spring and fired by releasing the firing pin piston. The firing pin piston hits a 0.22 blank cartridge to fire the blank cartridge. The blank cartridge drives a striker piston forward, and a striker point on the striker piston impacts and shatters the automobile safety glass window. The striker point is limited to reach about 0.06 inches forward and out of the tool to prevent injury to a user.

Abstract: Various concepts are provided for suppressing a fire condition in an aircraft. In one embodiment, the presence of a fire condition in an aircraft is detected. After such a detection, extinguishing agents can be dispensed and/or certain areas of the aircraft can be depressurized.

Abstract: A standpipe assembly including a pair of elongated, side-by-side chambers each including a first end and a second end, a Y-valve including an inlet and two outlets, each outlet in fluid communication with a respective one of the first ends of the pair of chambers, a hose connection snoot in fluid communication with the second ends of the pair of chambers, and a valve handle operatively connected to the Y-valve, wherein the valve handle is positionable between a first position and a second position, in the first position, the valve handle is spaced apart from the pair of chambers by at least two inches, in the second position, the valve handle is spaced apart from the pair of chambers by less than two inches.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining the accuracy of a foam addition system on a firefighting vehicle are disclosed. The methods may include measuring the amount of a test water stream flowing through a foam metering device.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus has a frame, a seat that is supported by the frame and a body support member that is supported by the frame. The seat extends at a seat angle relative to the frame. A seat adjustment device facilitates adjustment of the height of the seat with respect to the frame and causes adjustment of the seat angle when the height of the seat is adjusted.

Abstract: A hand pad for stabilizing and supporting on a floor or other surface the hand of a user during stationary and dynamic exercises includes a body having a top surface defining a debossed profile of a human hand for receiving therein the hand of a user, and a bottom surface having a slip-resistant texture.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gait rehabilitation apparatus including a first frame having a bottom surface which is movable at predetermined speed; a second frame extending upwards from a tip of the first frame; a load support unit which is mounted to an upper end of the second frame and is rotatable about a rotation axis thereof; a connection string, one end of which is connected to the load support unit, and the other end of which is connected to an upper body of a rehabilitant; a safety bar which is connected to the second frame and is rotatable so as to be tilted upwards; and a gait assistance link member which has a structure able to be tilted upwards, and is connected to each leg of the rehabilitant entering onto the first frame to assist rehabilitation training of the rehabilitant through mechanical movement of the gait assistance link member.

Abstract: An exercise equipment includes a base, an operating device and a magnetic resistance device. The operating device is movably disposed on the base. The magnetic resistance device is connected to the operating device and the base, wherein the magnetic resistance device is for providing a magnetic resistances in accordance with an operation of the operating device.

Abstract: A fitness station and resistance band assembly and a method of using the same. The station includes a base; a support extending upwardly from the base; a first arm extending outwardly from the support; and a plurality of attachment members provided on one or more of the base, the support or the first arm. The assembly is selectively engageable with one of the attachment members and is operable to apply a resistive force during a performance of an exercise. The assembly includes a housing that is at least partially rigid and a first resilient member for providing the resistive force located within the housing. The assembly is attached to one of the attachment members on the fitness station. A pulling motion is applied to the assembly during the performance of an exercise. A resistive force is generated within the assembly in response to the applied pulling motion.

Abstract: The adjustable variant resistance exercise apparatus has installed several different resistant elastic springs and can provide variety of resistance for exercise. Man, woman, boy and girl can share the same one of adjustable variant resistance exercise apparatus for exercise. User can upgrade or downgrade exercise resistant power by adding more or remove some elastic rubber bands for exercise.

Abstract: An attachment assembly for an exercise device and a method of using the same. The device includes a first end and a second end; a first J-hook defining a portion of the second end; and a second J-hook defining a portion of the second end; wherein the first and second J-hooks are releasably attach the device to a separate exercise structure. The method includes providing a ring on the exercise structure, wherein the ring defines an aperture; affecting relative movement of the ring relative to an exercise assembly, defining a gap between two inverted J-hooks; positioning the ring in the gap beneath two ends of the J-hooks; affecting a relative rotation of the ring relative to the two J-hooks such that the ring is beneath a J-hook passageway defined by a downwardly facing concave surface on each J-hook; and engaging the ring with the concave surface on each J-hook.

Abstract: New donning-actuated clips and other fastening and tightening techniques for garments are disclosed. In one aspect of the invention, a garment includes a self-contained fitting and fastening system that, preferably, is reversibly actuated by donning, and therefore requires no additional fastening or fitting step to use—a user need only don the garment in an ordinary fashion. In one embodiment, a lateral tightening and fitting mechanism is provided, which translates donning movements into fitting and fastening force via channeled bands, eliminating lateral play in the garment when worn. In other aspects, the fitting and fastening system is configured to aid in compressing and folding the garment when the system is released and the garment is removed by a user. The techniques of the invention are also applied in the context of sporting garments, such as running shoes, allowing a user to put on well-fitted shoes quickly, with easy entry, and no need for separate lacing or binding steps.

Abstract: A Pilates machine tension device support system for efficiently providing a tension force to a movable platform of an exercise machine. The Pilates machine tension device support system generally includes a frame, a platform movably positioned upon the frame and a tension assembly connected between the frame and the platform to provide selective tension upon the platform in a first direction. The tension assembly is comprised of a plurality of pulleys and a plurality of tension devices positioned upon the pulleys, wherein the tension devices are attached between a frame and the platform. The tension members are selectively engaged to the platform to increase or decrease the tension applied to the platform for varying levels of workouts.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for exercising muscles of a body part, especially the neck, waist, torso, legs, and glutes from any angle with variable resistance while taking up minimal floor space. The apparatus improves the ability of athletes, including football players and wrestlers, to better prepare for contact from any angle while engaged in their sport. The apparatus includes a ring having a guide track therein. Another inner ring may also be provided in different sizes and shapes to accommodate a variety of users. A car connected to a source of resistance rides freely along the guide track. The source of resistance may be other gym equipment including a bungee cord, a cable cross over machine, springs, and the like. As the user freely exercises by moving the body part the car adapts to the user's position to facilitate a full range of motion.

Abstract: A system and method for tracking the flight of golf balls at driving range. The system includes a plurality of hitting stations, a plurality of sensors, a computer, and a range surface. Each hitting station in the plurality of hitting stations includes a golf ball, a golf club, a monitor, and a sensor. At least one other sensor in the plurality of sensors is placed outside a hitting station. The flight path of the golf balls being calculated by the computer using parameters by the plurality of sensors. The method includes steps for determining whether a first sensor detected a first parameter and a second parameter, whether a second sensor detected a first and a second parameter, whether a third sensor detected a third parameter, and depicting the flight path of the golf balls using the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter.

Abstract: Articles of clothing or pieces of athletic equipment include modules, e.g., for sensing physical and/or physiological characteristics associated with use of the clothing or athletic equipment or for performing other functions. Such systems and methods may use physical or other interaction(s) between the module and the article of clothing or piece of athletic equipment for activating and/or deactivating the module and/or sensing devices included with the module, for confirming whether the module and clothing or piece of athletic equipment are authorized for use with one another, and/or for automatic data algorithm selection methods. Additionally, such systems and methods also may use the activation and/or authentication systems for data input to the module. Some examples of such systems and methods may utilize magnets and magnetic sensing systems and/or light (or other radiation) sources and sensing systems for activation, authentication, data input, and/or algorithm selection.

Abstract: An arrangement, a communication module, a sensor unit and a method for monitoring physical performance includes at least one communication module having means for providing an output DC power by wire, and means for receiving at least one sensor signal representative of measured physiologic activity from at least one sensor unit. Said at least one sensor unit adapted to measure physiologic activity and to generate analog measurement signals in response thereof and is connected to said DC power wire and having means for processing and sending a sensor signal representative of measured physiologic activity by a wire to said communication module. A processing unit is adapted to form from said analog measurement signals data messages in predetermined transmission time slots. A wireless communication unit is used for transmitting the data messages at successive time slots using a wireless communication protocol to a wireless receiver device.

Abstract: A power ice screw system including an ice screw and screw adapter configured to engage the ice screw, thus enabling use of a power drill to install the ice screw in an ice feature, is described. The ice screw includes a drive head configured to engage the screw adapter. The screw adapter includes clearing ports that enable the adapter to expel ice that enters the adapter from within the ice screw hollow core. The ice screw core extends through the drive head to permit ice to flow through the ice screw and into the adapter. A cutting member resides within the screw adapter, typically disposed between two clearing ports. The cutting member can be flanked by two flanges configured to direct ice that has been disrupted by the cutting member outwardly through the clearing ports. The power drill is typically a lightweight battery powered electric driver.

Abstract: A water-resistant cap by which, in use, can be secured in a stretched manner tightly around a user's head with maximal comfort during swimming and bathing, including (1) a dome-shaped main body enclosure with a crown providing ample housing to fit hair of any size, (2) the crown projecting downward to a perimeter edge extending about an aperture—with a front-edge section, right-edge section, left-edge section, and a rear-edge section—forming a comfortable, water-tight seal during swimming or bathing; and (3) an element projecting from an outer-surface of the dome-shaped main body enclosure in a seamless fashion; and a method of economically manufacturing such cap with a seamless element.

Abstract: A golf ball has a large number of dimples on a surface thereof. The golf ball meets the following mathematical formula (I): 1.320?L1?1.420 (I), where L1 represents a ratio of a lift coefficient CL1 which is measured under conditions of a Reynolds number of 1.290×105 and a spin rate of 2820 rpm, relative to a lift coefficient CL2 which is measured under conditions of a Reynolds number of 1.290×105 and a spin rate of 1740 rpm.

Abstract: Multi-layered golf balls containing a two or three-layered cover assembly are provided. In one embodiment, the cover assembly includes a relatively hard inner cover and relatively soft outer cover. Alternatively, the cover assembly may include a relatively soft inner cover with a relatively hard outer cover. Three-layered covers comprising an inner cover, intermediate cover, and outer cover layer also may be prepared. Preferably, at least one of the layers is formed from a thermoplastic composition that preferably comprises: a) ethylene acid copolymer, b) plasticizer, and c) cation source. A fatty acid ester such as ethyl oleate is preferably used as the plasticizer. The cover assembly has good impact durability and helps provide the ball with relatively high resiliency at given compressions.

Abstract: Multi-layered golf balls containing a three-layered core assembly are provided. Preferably, at least one of the core layers is formed from a thermoplastic composition that comprises: a) thermoplastic non-acid polymer, and b) plasticizer. In one preferred embodiment, the inner core is made of a first thermoset composition, for example, polybutadiene rubber; and the intermediate core layer is made of a thermoplastic composition; and the outer core is made of a second thermoset composition. A fatty acid ester such as ethyl oleate is preferably used as the plasticizer. Suitable non-acid polymers include, for example, polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins, and polyurethanes. The core assembly has a relatively high resiliency at given compressions.

Abstract: A device includes a signaling means and a motion sensor, and logic for activating or controlling the signaling means in response to a sensed motion according to an embedded logic. The device may be used as a toy, and may be shaped like a play ball or as a handheld unit. It may be powered from a battery, either chargeable from an AC power source directly or contactless by using induction or by converting electrical energy from harvested kinetic energy. The embedded logic may activate or control the signaling means, predictably or randomly, in response to sensed acceleration magnitude or direction, such as sensing the crossing of a preset threshold or sensing the peak value. The visual means may be a numeric display for displaying a value associated with the count of the number of times the threshold has been exceeded or the peak magnitude of the acceleration sensed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a golf club having a hollow golf club head which is filled with a gas under pressure. The interior surface of the golf club head is coated with a solidified layer of a sealant material. The pressurized gas permits the use of thinner face plates by compensating for forces generated when the face plate strikes a golf ball. The sealant is preferably applied by rotating the golf club head to coat the interior surface of the golf club head.