Abstract: Improved systems and processes for forward osmosis water purification or desalination are herein disclosed. According to one embodiment a process for purifying contaminated water is provided wherein a contaminated feed solution stream comprising water and with a first osmotic pressure is passed through a semipermeable membrane to a draw side having a draw solution stream with a second osmotic pressure on a draw side of the semipermeable membrane. The diluted draw solution stream is heated, agglomerated and cooled to produce a cooled single phase water rich stream that is purified to produce a water product stream.

Abstract: A method of making a micro-channel electrode structure includes providing a curable layer and imprinting the curable layer to form an electrode micro-channel and a fluid micro-channel in a common step. The electrode micro-channel intersects the fluid micro-channel to form a micro-channel intersection. The curable layer is cured to form an imprinted cured layer. Both the electrode and the fluid micro-channels are filled with a developable material that is exposed with an electrode pattern including the electrode micro-channel and extending from the electrode micro-channel into the micro-channel intersection without occluding the fluid micro-channel. The exposed developable material is developed to remove the developable material from the electrode pattern and the electrode micro-channel and the micro-channel intersection corresponding to the electrode pattern are at least partly filled with a conductive material. At least a portion of the remaining developable material is removed from the fluid micro-channel.

Abstract: Compositions for a phage particle are disclosed. The phage particle is non-replicating and includes at least one heterologous nucleic acid sequence that is capable of being expressed in a target bacteria. The expressed heterologous nucleic acid sequence is non-lethal to the target bacteria.

Abstract: A system comprising method and apparatus for separating biologically-digestible materials from an influent sewage stream. The system may comprise a primary clarification tank to capture sixty percent or more of the total solids from an influent stream; a sludge classifying press (SCP) to isolate and concentrate biologically digestible materials from sludge formed in the primary clarification tank, releasing valuable organics, such as are found in corn kernels, by fracturing the protective casings; a grit capture mechanism in a chamber within the primary clarification tank and isolated from the bulk of the sludge containing biologically-degradable materials; a grit trap to remove grit from the sludge prior to classifying the sludge with the SCP; apparatus for adding thickener to the sludge after classification and prior to digestion; and automation of one or more elements of the process for separating and digesting the biologically digestible materials in an influent stream.

Abstract: A method for producing bubble-free glasses is provided, in which a glass mixture that is arsenic-free, antimony-free and tin-free with the exception of any unavoidable raw material impurities and at least one sulfate compound as a refining agent are used. The glass mixture and refining agent are melted and primarily refined in a first region of a melting tank, an average melting temperature (T1) is set at T1>1580° C. and an average melt residence time (t1) is set at t1>2 hours. A secondary refinement is carried out in a second region, an average melting temperature (T2) is set at T2>1660° C. and an average melt residence time (t2) is set at t2>1 hour, and the proportion of the SO3 resulting from decomposition of the sulfate is reduced to less than 0.002 wt. %.

Abstract: Methods and systems produce a molten mass of foamed glass in a submerged combustion melter (SCM). Routing foamed glass to a fining chamber defined by a flow channel fluidly connected to and downstream of the SCM. The flow channel floor and sidewalls have sufficient glass-contact refractory to accommodate expansion of the foamed glass as fining occurs during transit through the fining chamber. The foamed glass is separated into an upper glass foam phase and a lower molten glass phase as the foamed glass flows toward an end of the flow channel distal from the SCM. The molten glass is then routed through a transition section fluidly connected to the distal end of the flow channel. The transition section inlet end construction has at least one molten glass inlet aperture, such that the inlet aperture(s) are positioned lower than the phase boundary between the upper and lower phases.

Abstract: A device for flowing molten glass suitable for installation on a glass melting furnace, including: a flow channel including an outlet of given diameter; and a device for regulating flow of molten glass at an outlet of the flow channel, including: a removable plate including a through-orifice with an area smaller than an area of the outlet of the flow channel; and a movable shuttering mechanism configured to adjustably shutter the outlet of the flow channel or the through-orifice of the removable plate. The device allows a single furnace to be used for various types of glasses having very different viscosities.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for blow-molding a glass bottle, and more particularly, to an apparatus for blow-molding a glass bottle in which molding air is injected into a pair of mold bodies such that molten glass accommodated in the mold bodies is formed into a glass bottle and a groove is formed at the center of the inner side of the bottom surface of the glass bottle. The apparatus for blow-molding a glass bottle of the present invention uses a blow mold (10) configured to include: a pair of mold bodies (11) forming a tubular body; a base mold (12) which molds the bottom surface of the glass bottle; and a blowing head (13) which are arranged in the upper portions of the mold bodies (11) and into which molding air is injected such that the glass bottle is expanded after primary molding and closely contacts the inner walls of the mold bodies (11) and the base mold (12).

Abstract: A glassware-forming neck ring system includes a neck ring assembly and a carrier assembly carrying the neck ring assembly. The neck ring assembly includes a neck ring guide having a first forming aperture therethrough around a vertical axis, and a neck ring divided along a longitudinal axis into neck ring sections carried by the neck ring guide and movable toward and away from one another along the neck ring guide along a lateral axis. The carrier assembly includes a carrier having a body with a second forming aperture therethrough, longitudinally opposite ends, laterally opposite sides between the ends, and a channel extending between the sides, restricting movement of the neck ring assembly along the vertical and longitudinal axes, and permitting movement of the neck ring assembly along the lateral axis. A process of forming glassware includes carrying the glassware by a neck ring system through an entire glassware forming process from a blank molding station to a ware handler.

Abstract: A fusion down-draw method for making a glass sheet using a forming body comprising an upper part (101) made of a first material and a lower part (103) made of a second material, where the first material has lower creep rate than the second material at the normal operating temperature of the forming body, and an fusion down-draw forming apparatus comprising such forming body. The invention is advantageous in that it solves the issues of internal stress and long-term creep issue of a unitary forming body made of a single material such as zircon.

Abstract: Glass substrates and methods for forming glass substrates are disclosed. The glass substrates include a planar A-side surface having a surface roughness Ra1 of less than 0.5 nm and a planar B-side having a surface roughness Ra2 wherein the ratio Ra2:Ra1 is greater than or equal to about 1.5. A plurality of texturing features are formed in the B-side surface. The plurality of texturing features have a peak-to-valley height H such that 0.05 ?m?H?3.75 ?m. The texturing features are distributed in the B-side surface such that a center-to-center pitch P between adjacent texturing features is at least 1.5 mm in at least one direction. The plurality of texturing features are formed in the B-side surface while the glass substrate is at a temperature T1, wherein 600° C.?T1?1200° C. and a viscosity of the glass substrate is from greater than 150,000 Poise and less than 1013 Poise.

Abstract: The method for producing a glass sheet by down-drawing includes an air pressure controlling step of controlling the air pressure of a furnace outside space formed between a furnace and a covering part that covers the furnace, the furnace including a forming furnace and a lehr, a melting step of melting glass raw materials to form molten glass, a supplying step of supplying the molten glass to a forming cell disposed inside the forming furnace, a forming step of forming a glass sheet by allowing the molten glass to flow down the forming cell, an annealing step of cooling the glass sheet while allowing the glass sheet to flow in one direction in the lehr, and a cutting step of cutting the glass sheet that has been cooled. In the air pressure controlling step, air pressure is controlled such that the air pressure is higher, inside the furnace outside space, at a position more toward the upstream side of the flow direction of the glass sheet.

Abstract: A cartridge assembly includes a hub portion having a first end and a second end, a first retaining ring portion including a first snap ring and a first retaining ring member, and a second retaining ring portion including a second snap ring and a second retaining ring member. The cartridge assembly further includes a plurality of disc elements positioned between the first retaining ring portion and the second retaining ring portion, where the plurality of disc elements has an outer diameter that is greater than an outer diameter of the first retaining ring portion and the second retaining ring portion, and a plurality of fastening members positioned at the first end and the second end of the hub portion, the plurality of fastening members extending radially inward from the hub portion.

Abstract: Submerged combustion systems and methods of use to produce foamed glass. One system includes a submerged combustion melter having an outlet, the melter configured to produce an initial foamy molten glass having a density and comprising bubbles filled primarily with combustion product gases. The initial foamy molten glass is deposited directly onto or into a transport apparatus that transports the initial foamy molten glass to a downstream processing apparatus. An intermediate stage may be included between the melter and the transport apparatus. One intermediate stage is a channel that includes gas injectors. Another intermediate stage is a channel that produces an upper flow of a less dense glass and a relatively more dense glass lower flow. The upper flow may be processed into foamed glass products, while the more dense flow may be processed into dense glass products.

Abstract: A method for bending a sheet of material into a shaped article includes providing the sheet of material. A reformable area and a non-reformable area of the sheet of material are heated to a first temperature range corresponding to a first viscosity range. The reformable area of the sheet of material is subsequently heated to a second temperature range corresponding to a second viscosity range. The reformable area of the sheet of material is reformed into a selected shape by at least one of sagging the reformable area of the sheet of material and applying a force to the sheet of material outside of or near a boundary of the reformable area.

Abstract: A method for creating a glass ceramic component having at least one angle is provided, where the angle is formed as a transition between two legs. The angle is made with a bending radius in the range between 30 mm and 200 mm during conversion of the glass plate in a green glass state to the glass ceramic plate under the effects of a deformation tool.

Abstract: An electric glass hot shop system is described herein that has at least one electrically powered heating unit (e.g., electric furnace, electric glory hole, electric pipe warmer, electric color box, electric annealer, electric crucible kiln) used in the processing of glass.

Abstract: Provided is lithium disilicate crystalline glass containing cristobalite crystal phase for high strength and aesthetic traits and its manufacturing process thereof. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide the high strength and aesthetic lithium disilicate crystalline glass, one kind of dental restoration materials, and its manufacturing method which induces the growth of the different crystal phase, cristobalite, from glass with lithium disilicate crystal.

Abstract: A production method for a glass particulate deposit which includes a deposition step in which, at least two liquid source material ejecting ports 31a for a glass source material 23 jetting out from a burner 22 are provided per one burner 22, the area of at least one liquid source material port 31a is 2.25×10?4 or less of the area of the flame forming part of the burner 22, the glass source material 23 is, in the form of a liquid thereof, supplied to each liquid material source port 31a, jetting gas ports 31b are arranged in such a manner that the inner periphery of the jetting gas port is positioned outside by 1.0 mm or less from the outer periphery of each liquid source material port 31a, and a gas is jetted out from each gas jetting port 31b.

Abstract: One embodiment of the disclosure relates to a method of making an optical fiber comprising the steps of: (i) exposing a silica based preform with at least one porous glass region having soot density of ? to a gas mixture comprising SiCl4 having SiCl4 mole fraction ySiCl4 at a doping temperature Tdop such that parameter X is larger than 0.03 to form the chlorine treated preform, wherein X = 1 1 + [ ( ? ? s - ? ) ? 0.209748 ? ? T dop ? Exp ? [ - 5435.33 / T dop ] y SiCl ? ? 4 3 / 4 ] and ?s is the density of the fully densified soot layer; and (ii) exposing the chlorine treated preform to temperatures above 1400° C. to completely sinter the preform to produce sintered optical fiber preform with a chlorine doped region; and (iii) drawing an optical fiber from the sintered optical preform.

Abstract: A manufacturing method that enables stably making a high-quality optical fiber is provided. The manufacturing method of the present invention comprises: a softened portion falling step in which an optical fiber preform is heated in a heating furnace and a dropping part of softened portion of the preform thus heat-softened is allowed to drop; and a drawing step for drawing the preform such that the softened glass is drawn into a fiber by applying a tension with a take-up means after the softened portion falling step, whereas the preform is rotated about its axis at the softened portion falling step.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention relates to a bent optical fiber manufacturing method for manufacturing a bent optical fiber in which a bent region with a desired radius of curvature is formed, while maintaining an optical transmission loss within a permissible range. The method has a pre-step of preparing an optical fiber comprised of silica-based glass, a bend portion forming step of forming a bend portion in a partial region of the optical fiber, and a laser light irradiating step of irradiating the thus-formed bend portion with laser light.

Abstract: The present invention provides an etching method of a glass substrate and a wet etching apparatus thereof. The etching method of the glass substrate comprises steps of: providing a glass substrate (1) to be etched, a wet bench (3), etchants and a supply line (7); setting a tank (9) in the wet bench (3); filling in the tank (9) with a predetermined amount of the etchants through the supply line (7); delivering the glass substrate (1) to be etched into the wet bench (3); raising the tank (9) until the glass substrate (1) is completely immersed with the etchants in the tank (9); lowering the tank (9) to expose the glass substrate (1) after a predetermined soaking time. The etching method of the glass substrate is simple and easy for operation. It is capable of shortening the etching process time and raising the production efficiency.

Abstract: A supported resin substrate comprises a supporting substrate, a release layer arranged on the supporting substrate and containing a metal or a metal oxide, and a resin substrate arranged on the release layer, the resin substrate including a front surface region opposite the release layer and a rear surface region in contact with the release layer. The resin substrate consists essentially of a resin material containing elemental fluorine. The ratio of the compositional proportion of fluorine in the rear surface region of the resin substrate to that in the front surface region of the resin substrate is 0.45 or less.

Abstract: Chemically strengthened glass articles having at least one deep compressive layer extending from a surface of the article to a depth of at least about 45 ?m within the article are provided. In one embodiment, the compressive stress profile includes a single linear segment extending from the surface to the depth of compression DOC. Alternatively, the compressive stress profile includes two linear portions: the first portion extending from the surface to a relatively shallow depth and having a steep slope; and a second portion extending from the shallow depth to the depth of compression. The strengthened glass has a 60% survival rate when dropped from a height of 80 cm in an inverted ball drop test and an equibiaxial flexural strength of at least 10 kgf as determined by abraded ring-on-ring testing. Methods of achieving such stress profiles are also described.

Abstract: Providing a cement production apparatus in which raw material is supplied into a duct with being dispersed uniformly so that heat-exchanging efficiency is improved by even preheating and clogging and the like are prevented, so that stable operation can be carried out.

Abstract: Refrigerated hydraulic cement compositions comprise a mixture of (a) ?-tricalcium phosphate powder, (b) monocalcium phosphate comprising monocalcium phosphate anhydrous (MCPA), monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), or a combination thereof, wherein a 0.1 g/ml saturated aqueous solution of the monocalcium phosphate has a pH less than 3.0, (c) non-aqueous water-miscible liquid, and (d) an aqueous hydrating liquid. The aqueous hydrating liquid is included in an amount of about 1-50 volume percent, based on the combined volume of the non-aqueous water-miscible liquid and the aqueous hydration liquid, and the refrigerated hydraulic cement composition is storage stable for greater than one day, without setting. Methods of forming hardened cements in vivo and/or for forming implants for use in vivo employ the hydraulic cement compositions.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the preparation of a calcium silicate hydrate and ettringite containing hardening accelerator composition by reaction of a water-soluble calcium compound, silicate compound, aluminum compound and a sulfate compound, wherein the molar ratio of silicon to sulfate is from 2/1 to 30/1 and the reaction of the four compounds being carried out in the presence of an aqueous solution which contains a comb polymer suitable as a plasticizer for hydraulic binders. Also concerned are the use of said accelerators in building material mixtures, the building material mixtures containing said accelerators and a process for the preparation of a sprayable binder composition in which said accelerators are used.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for oxidizing lignin at alkaline conditions. This oxidized lignin can be used as a dispersant in various end-products, for example as a renewable plasticizer in cement-containing products, such as concrete, where the ability of the oxidized lignin to endure alkaline conditions is an advantage. Further, the invention concerns a concrete mixture containing aggregate, cement, water and a plasticizer formed of oxidized lignin, and a process for producing such a concrete mixture. The oxidized lignin can be manufactured using a process, where the lignin starting material is reacted with an oxidizing agent in solution in alkaline conditions.

Abstract: A dry mix for a composite cement is described. The dry mix includes a calcium-containing material, an aluminum-containing material, a lithium-containing accelerant, a retarder, and a pozzolanic additive that contains a soluble sulfur salt. The pozzolanic additive preferably includes a soluble sulfur salt at a fraction greater than approximately 0.2% by weight. The pozzolanic additive may be a fly ash, and is preferably a class C fly ash. A powdered additive for use with a pre-prepared dry mix for a calcium aluminate cement is also described. The powdered additive includes a lithium-containing accelerant, a retarder, and a pozzolanic additive that contains a soluble sulfur salt.

Abstract: Method of converting calcium bentonite to sodium bentonite that is suitable for use as drilling mud or a cement additive. After the addition of a calcium bentonite sample to a prepared soda ash solution at predetermined soda ash/bentonite weight ratios, the bentonite suspension is continuously heated and stirred for up to 24 h. The heating and stirring are crucial towards enhancing the sodium activation of the bentonite, as well as other rheological properties of the bentonite.

Abstract: A handle substrate is composed of a translucent alumina sintered body containing a sintering aid including at least magnesium. A concentration of magnesium at a bonding face of the handle substrate to a donor substrate is half or less of an average concentration of magnesium of the handle substrate.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for fabricating an orange, zirconia-based article, characterized in that it includes the series of steps consisting in creating a first mixture comprising a zirconia powder, 3 to 20% by weight of at least one stabilizer chosen from the group of oxides comprising yttrium oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide, alone or in combination, 0.1% to 5% by weight of at least one element intended to form a vitreous phase, and chosen from the group comprising silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, lithium oxide and yttrium oxide, alone or in combination, 1% to 6% by weight of a cerium oxide powder; creating a second mixture including said first mixture and a binder; creating a granulated mixture by granulating said second mixture; forming a green body by giving said second granulated mixture the shape of the desired article; air sintering for at least thirty minutes at a temperature comprised between 1,250 and 1,500° C.

Abstract: A multi-segmented monolith (MSM) which can be used as a structured packing in mass-transfer and catalytic operations is disclosed. The MSM comprises a series of longitudinally attached segments. The length of each segment is between 0.2 to 5 inches. Each segment has flow passages which extend from the inlet flow face to the outlet flow face. The segments are located such that the outlet of a flow passage on a segment is in flow communication with the inlet of a flow passage on an adjacent attached segment. The segments are attached to each other either in the green state or with an adhesive, such as sodium silicate. Alternately, the segments are attached to each other by a mechanical means, such as a tie-rod or a dowel pin. The MSM further includes a spacer means between adjacent segments. A plurality of MSMs are further assembled into a Compound MSM (CMSM).

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the bio-based reparation of a concrete element having an element surface with cavities, comprising applying a first liquid with a first composition and a second liquid with a second composition to the element surface of the concrete element to provide a combined product to the cavities, wherein the first composition and the second composition are selected to provide gel formation in the cavities after application of one or more of the first liquid and the second liquid to the element surface, wherein the first composition and the second composition are also selected to provide bacterial material, a calcium source, and a nutrient for bacteria in the cavities after application of the first liquid and the second liquid to the element surface, wherein the first liquid at least comprises sodium silicate and wherein the second liquid at least comprises the calcium source.

Abstract: A fiber having an environmental barrier coating is provided that includes, in one illustrative form, a Hi Nicalon preform assembled in a tooling for chemical vapor infiltration and cleaned to remove sizing char from fibers of the Hi Nicalon preform; a ytterbium doped silicon carbide coat located over the Hi Nicalon preform; a boron nitride interface coat applied over the ytterbium doped silicon carbide coat; and a silicon carbide coat applied over the boron nitride interface coat.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to multi-effect tree dripping liquid and usage thereof. The dripping liquid includes coconut, astragalus and ephedra root extract, glucose, coenzyme A, adenosine triphosphate, vitamin B1, vitamin C, dexamethasone sodium phosphate, seaweed essence, brassinolide, boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, a plant growth hormone, their volume percentages are 20% to 30% of coconut fumet, 5% to 13% of coconut meat extract, 28% to 38% of astragalus and ephedra root extract, 10% to 15% of 50% glucose injection, 2% to 7% of 99.8% seaweed essence, 5% to 11% of 0.0016% brassinolide, 2% to 7% of potassium sorbate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, plant growth hormone, a trace amount of preservative, distilled water. The multi-effect tree dripping liquid can achieve the purposes of supplying nutrients, balancing the water content inside the bodies of seedlings, preventing water transpiration, fast healing trauma root wounds, promoting early rooting, and preventing infection.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to C—H activated ruthenium olefin metathesis catalyst compounds which are stereogenic at the ruthenium center, to their preparation, and the use of such catalysts in the metathesis of olefins and olefin compounds. In particular, the invention relates to the use of C—H activated ruthenium olefin metathesis catalyst compounds in Z-selective olefin metathesis reactions, enantio-selective olefin metathesis reactions, and enantio-Z-selective olefin metathesis reactions. The invention has utility in the fields of catalysis, organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, and industrial and fine chemicals chemistry.

Abstract: Processes for creating build sequences are described which use computational chemistry algorithms to simulate mechanosynthetic reactions, and which may use the mechanosynthesis process conditions or equipment limitations in these simulations, and which facilitate determining a set of mechanosynthetic reactions that will build an atomically-precise workpiece with a desired degree of reliability. Included are methods for error correction of pathological reactions or avoidance of pathological reactions. Libraries of reactions may be used to reduce simulation requirements.

Abstract: A gas to liquids process with a reduced CO2 footprint to convert natural gas and a renewable feed stock material into fuels or chemicals. In one non-limiting embodiment of the invention, a natural gas feed is converted into synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. A minor portion of the hydrogen is thereafter extracted from the synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is converted to hydrocarbons in a Fischer Tropsch reaction. The Fischer Tropsch hydrocarbon product and a renewable feedstock are hydro processed with the extracted hydrogen in order to produce fuels and/or chemicals. Waste products from the renewable feed are recycled to produce additional synthesis gas for the Fischer Tropsch reaction.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a traceless directing group in a radical cascade. The chemo- and regioselectivity of the initial attack in skipped oligoalkynes is controlled by a propargyl alkoxy moiety. Radical translocations lead to the boomerang return of radical center to the site of initial attack where it assists to the elimination of the directing functionality via ?-scission in the last step of the cascade. In some aspects, the reaction of the present invention is catalyzed by a stannane moiety, which allows further via facile reactions with electrophiles as well as Stille and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. This selective radical transformation opens a new approach for the controlled transformation of skipped oligoalkynes into polycyclic ribbons of tunable dimensions.

Abstract: A method for coupling an alkane with an alkene using a hydrogen transfer catalyst and an alkene dimerization catalyst to form one or more higher molecular weight hydrocarbons.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for processing hydrocarbon feeds. The method enhances the conversion of hydrocarbon feeds into conversion products, such as ethylene and propylene. In particular, the present techniques combine a first hydrocarbon feed with a second hydrocarbon feed and a hydrogen (H2) containing stream to manage the hydrogen content of the feed provided to a pyrolysis reactor. The mixture is then exposed to high-severity operating conditions in a pyrolysis reactor and further processing into desired olefins.

Abstract: Provided is a Group 9 novel metal catalyst complex further comprising a ketone-containing cocatalyst. The metal catalyst complex is useful in generating olefins from alkanes with great efficiency. In one embodiment, provided is an iridium catalyst complex useful in the dehydrogenation of alkanes comprising a ketone-containing cocatalyst and iridium complexed with a tridentate ligand. Also provided is a novel dehydrogenation method which utilizes the catalyst composition. In other embodiments, a novel process for preparing oligomers from alkanes utilizing the catalyst composition is provided.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for purifying 1,3-butadiene which can effectively remove an organic compound detrimental to anionic polymerization from 1,3-butadiene containing a polymerization inhibitor and suppress the formation of popcorn. The method includes: a water-washing step of washing 1,3-butadiene by using low-oxygen water having an oxygen concentration of less than 2 mg/L as wash water; and a polymerization inhibitor removing step of subsequently removing the polymerization inhibitor in 1,3-butadiene.

Abstract: A TSRU for recovering solvent from solvent diluted tailings includes a separation apparatus receiving the tailings and producing solvent and solvent recovered tailings. The separation apparatus includes a vessel, a tailings outlet, a solvent outlet, a tailings inlet for supplying a variable flow of the tailings to the vessel and a tailings recycle line connected to the tailings inlet for recycling part of the solvent recovered tailings into the variable flow of the diluted tailings to produce a flow rate controlled feed for introduction into the vessel. A tailings solvent recovery process includes separating the diluted tailings into recovered solvent and solvent recovered tailings, discharging the solvent recovered tailings, and recycling a portion of the solvent recovered tailings back into the variable flow of the diluted tailings. A method of controlling feed flow rate to a tailings solvent recovery vessel is also provided.

Abstract: A process for reducing the diene content of an olefin by feeding hydrogen to the process in stages.

Abstract: The disclosure shows a liquid crystal composition that contains a compound having an effect of preventing photolysis of the liquid crystal composition and having high solubility in the liquid crystal composition, and that satisfies at least one of characteristics such as high maximum temperature, low minimum temperature, small viscosity, suitable optical anisotropy, large positive or negative dielectric anisotropy, large specific resistance, high stability to ultraviolet light or heat, and a suitable elastic constant, etc. and so on. The disclosure shows a liquid crystal composition that contains a compound having the following azolidine ring (Q-1) or azepane ring (Q-2), a liquid crystal display device and so on.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process to prepare tetrahalopropenes, such as 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233xf). The process comprises atomizing a feed material, such as 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene (1230xa) and the like, and mixing it with superheated HF to form a vaporized composition of feed material and HF with substantially instantaneous contact with a vapor phase fluorination catalyst. The invention extends catalyst life and forestalls catalyst deactivation.

Abstract: To provide a method for obtaining 1,1-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropane by reacting 1,1-difluoroethylene with dichlorofluoromethane, which suppresses the production of chloroform as a by-product and achieves a product having a high R-243fa concentration. This method is characterized by obtaining 1,1-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropane by reacting 1,1-difluoroethylene with dichlorofluoromethane in the presence of trifluoromethane.