Abstract: Provided is a Fischer Tropsch catalyst prepared according to a process comprising: a. preparing a catalyst precursor by: i. impregnating an alumina catalyst support material with a first solution comprising ammonium metavanadate and phosphoric acid, to obtain a treated catalyst support material; ii. calcining the treated catalyst support material at a temperature of at least 500° C. to obtain a modified catalyst support having a modified support surface area and a pore volume of at least 0.4 cc/g; wherein the modified catalyst support loses no more than 8% of the pore volume when exposed to a water vapor; and iii. contacting the modified catalyst support with a second solution comprising a precursor compound of an active cobalt catalyst component and glutaric acid to obtain the catalyst precursor; and b. reducing the catalyst precursor to activate the catalyst precursor to obtain the Fischer Tropsch catalyst.

Abstract: A silicate-coated MFI-type zeolite is obtained by coating an MFI-type zeolite with a silicate, and a peak area ratio b/a of a peak b at 2?=8.4 to 9.7° to a peak a at 2?=7.0 to 8.4° in an X-ray diffraction spectrum is 1 or more, and a pKa value measured by a Hammett indicator is +3.3 or more.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an activated EU-2 zeolite, including: pores having a diameter of 30 to 40 ? while maintaining the crystal structure of the EU-2 zeolite; and pores having a diameter of 40 to 200 ?, wherein the volume of the pores having a diameter of 30 to 40 ? is 0.01 to 0.06 cc/g, and the volume of the pores having a diameter of 40 to 200 ? is 0.07 to 0.4 cc/g.

Abstract: A novel catalyst blend for processing of feedstocks into monoaromatics in a single stage, comprising at least one cracking catalyst, one heterogeneous transition metal catalyst, and optionally at least one hydrogenation catalyst. The process occurs in one-step or single stage with substantially no solvents or external additives, or when the feedstock contains less than 15% oxygen, the process includes additional water or steam to enable sufficient amounts of H2 being produced in-situ.

Abstract: Provided is a process of conducting a Baeyer-Villiger oxidation which comprises contacting a ketone and an oxidant in the presence of an Sn-DZ-1 catalyst to thereby oxidize the ketone to an ester. The Sn-DZ-1 catalyst comprises Sn heteroatoms on the external surface of the zeolitic material lattice framework, and B heteroatoms, or silanols created from boron hydrolysis, throughout the remainder of the lattice framework.

Abstract: Methods for generating a purified catalyst are provided. The method includes performing a reaction in a reaction vessel to generate a liquid catalyst and reaction products, purging the reaction products using an inert gas to form a purged catalyst, freezing the purged catalyst in the reaction vessel, and applying a vacuum to the reaction vessel while the purged catalyst thaws, wherein the vacuum removes residual reaction products to form a purified catalyst. Systems for generating a purified catalyst and a purified catalyst are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bifunctional catalyst of the formula (1): wherein: each R1 is independently selected from an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted heteroaryl group, an optionally substituted aralkyl group and an optionally substituted alkaryl group; Z represents a divalent organic linking moiety optionally containing one or more stereocenters; and EWG represents an electron-withdrawing group.

Abstract: An optically active compound production method using a column reactor, a column for column reactor is charged with asymmetric catalyst particles to produce the column reactor, and reaction compound is introduced into column reactor to bring reaction compound into contact with asymmetric catalyst particles, whereby reaction compound is converted to optically active compound. Asymmetric catalyst particles are preferably resin particles that are prepared from a monomer composition containing a proline derivative monomer having unsaturated bond and radical polymerization initiator and serve as catalyst for enamine mechanism reaction. Asymmetric catalyst particles are preferably resin particles prepared by micro-channel method including injecting monomer composition into continuous phase to thereby form droplets of monomer composition in continuous phase and then heating droplets to cause proline derivative monomer having an unsaturated bond to undergo radical polymerization.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions comprising metal complexes, and related methods. In some embodiments, metal complexes of the invention may be useful as catalysts for chemical reactions, including metathesis reactions, wherein the catalysts exhibit enhanced activity and stereoselectivity. In some embodiments, the invention may advantageously provide metal complexes comprising a stereogenic metal atom. Such metal complexes may be useful in enantioselective catalysis.

Abstract: In the hydrocyanation reaction of butadiene proceeding through pentenenitriles to adiponitrile, catalysis by complexes of zerovalent nickel with bidentate phosphorus-based ligands of the NiL2A type wherein L2 is a bidentate ligand and A is an unsaturated compound, can be rate-limited by the solubility of the catalytic complex. The present invention concerns solvent compositions for the nickel-ligand complex comprising mixtures of unsaturated nitriles that provide for increased metal solubility, particularly in the absence of a Lewis acid promoter, resulting in higher hydrocyanation reaction rates in an industrial-scale process for production of important nylon manufacturing intermediates. The mixed nitrile solvent compositions can include mixtures of pentenenitriles and/or methylbutenenitriles. The mixtures of mixed unsaturated nitriles can be, at least in part, from recycle streams from the hydrocyanation reaction for which the nickel-bidentate ligand complexes are used as catalysts.

Abstract: A novel nickel particulate form is provided that efficiently forms a zero-valent nickel complex with a phosphorus-containing ligands in an organic liquid to form a hydrocyanation catalyst. Particles in the nickel particulate form comprise nickel crystallites. For example, the nickel particulate form can have a BET Specific Surface Area of at least about 1 m2/gm; an average crystallite size less than about 20-25 nm, the nickel particulate form can have at least 10% of the crystallites in the nickel form can have can have a diameter (C10) of less than about 10 nm, and/or there are on average at least about 1015 surface crystallites per gram nickel. A ratio of BET SSA to C50 for the nickel particulate form can be at least about 0.1×109 m/gm and preferably at least about 0.4×109 m/gm. Methods of preparation and use are also provided.

Abstract: A new stable, catalytically active, tetradentate organophosphorus modified rhodium hydroformylation catalyst has been discovered that is capable of producing aldehyde products with a high linear/branched product ratio from linear olefins. The tetradentate organophosphorus modifier is a tetrasubstituted 2,2?,2?,5?-tetramethyl-1,1?:4?-1?-terphenyl, whereby, each methyl group has one hydrogen substituted by an R, R?-diorganophosphine moiety. The R, R? may comprise aromatic, alkyl, arylalkyl and alkylaryl groups. The precursor 2,2?,2?,5?-tetramethyl-1,1?:4?,1?-terphenyl hydrocarbon may be prepared from para-xylene and toluene derivatives.

Abstract: A process for the regeneration of a supported noble metal catalyst comprising contacting the catalyst with a liquid aqueous system at a temperature in the range of from 90 to 160° C., wherein the pH of the aqueous system is outside the range of from 6 to 8, separating the aqueous system from catalyst; and subjecting the catalyst to calcination.

Abstract: A process for regenerating catalysts that have been deactivated or poisoned during hydrogenation of biomass, sugars and polysaccharides is described, in which polymerized species that have agglomerated to catalyst surfaces can be removed by means of washing the catalyst with hot water at subcritical temperatures. A feature of the process can regenerate the catalysts in situ, which allows the process to be adapted for used in continuous throughput reactor systems. Also described is a continuous hydrogenation process that incorporated the present regeneration process.

Abstract: The invention includes compositions comprising curable imidazolium-functionalized poly(room-temperature ionic liquid) copolymers and homopolymers. The invention further includes methods of preparing and using the compositions of the invention. The invention further includes novel methods of preparing thin, supported, room-temperature ionic liquid-containing polymeric films on a porous support. In certain embodiments, the methods of the invention avoid the use of a gutter layer, which greatly reduces the overall gas permeance and selectivity of the composite membrane. In other embodiments, the films of the invention have increased gas selectivity and permeance over films prepared using methods described in the prior art.

Abstract: A pipetting device (2) for removing fluid from a sample vessel (52) includes a pipetting needle (4) and an auxiliary cannula (18) for piercing a septum, designed to guide the pipetting needle axially through the auxiliary cannula. The pipetting device has a guide arm (6), on the lower end (10) of which is arranged an end plate (12) that is axially displaceable along the guide arm against a resilient resistance. A centering device (14) inserts into the end plate of the guide arm, and at least three centering fingers (26) with conical bevels (34) are constructed on the radial outside of the centering device, distributed around the circumference thereof, and forming a holding-down device for the sample vessel. The disclosed construction makes possible to reliably pierce the septum of a sample vessel and to easily pull the pipetting needle out of the septum again even with thin pipetting needles.

Abstract: A suction tip includes a tip opening, a tubular passage provided with a first selector configured to permit the passage of non-selection subjects included in a collection of subjects sucked through the tip opening, and a capture portion provided on a side of the tubular passage downstream of the first selector in a suction direction of the collection of subjects and configured to capture the non-selection subjects. The capture portion includes a passage hole configured to permit the passage of the non-selection subjects and a storage portion configured to store the non-selection subjects having passed through.

Abstract: A container for storing a biological sample for molecular diagnostic testing and/or histological testing is provided. The container includes a first chamber for receiving a sample holder therein, a second chamber, and a closure for enclosing the container. A breakable membrane, such as a piercable foil, extends within the container and separates the two chambers. When the breakable membrane is broken, fluid can pass between the first and second chambers. The membrane may be broken through an activator on the closure, such as a depressible member or a rotatable carrier, causing the sample holder to break through the membrane.

Abstract: A fluid specimen collection, storage, transport, and testing cup contains a chromatographic strip-carrying caddy which moves between an initial position allowing a deposited liquid specimen to contact the test strips, and a second, sealed position where the strips are hermetically isolated from a remainder portion of the specimen stored for later confirmatory testing. The caddy is moved between the two positions by screwing a threaded lid onto the top opening of the cup. The axial range of the screw is limited by a removable obstruction collar. The caddy can include a liquid specimen containing chamber having a lower opening sealed by a frangible barrier. The strips can be loaded in a cartridge mountable to the caddy. An adulteration panel having a transparent adhesive backed fronting can secure adulteration patches to the caddy.

Abstract: Microfluidic devices and methods for conducting chemical assays and biological assays using microfluidic devices are disclosed. The microfluidic devices do not require external connections, tethers, tubing, valves and actuators. The microfluidic devices are useful in methods for analyzing a wide variety of chemical and biological assays such as, for example, molecule-molecule interactions, enzyme-substrate interactions, molecule identification, minimum inhibitory concentrations, therapeutically effective amounts, and toxic amounts.

Abstract: The invention provides a micro-fluidic device that includes a pre-loaded sample that begins to flow only when a sample is provided in the device. In certain embodiments, the invention provides a micro-fluidic device including at least two paper flow path layers providing fluid flow in substantially parallel planar directions, and at least one valve positioned between the at least two paper flow paths, wherein the at least one valve for providing flow in a direction that is orthogonal to the substantially planar directions.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a microfluidic platform for optical biosensing, the platform including an optical substrate, a layer provided on the substrate, and a channel formed within the layer through which fluid can flow, the channel including a constriction that is adapted to trap a microsphere suspended in the fluid when the fluid flows through the channel.

Abstract: Microfluidic system, including methods and apparatus, for processing fluid, such as by droplet generation. In an exemplary method, a sample-containing fluid may be dispensed into a well through a sample port of a channel component. The channel component may include (a) a body having a bottom surface attached to the well, and a top surface with a microchannel formed therein, and (b) an input tube projecting into the well from the bottom surface of the body. The sample-containing fluid when dispensed may contact a bottom end of the input tube and may be retained, with assistance from gravity, out of contact with the microchannel. A pressure differential may be created that drives at least a portion of the sample-containing fluid from the well via the input tube and through the microchannel.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved, leak proof, air tight, cost-effective, plastic liquid specimen container device and methods of use, comprised of a container, a lid, a lid groove containing a gasket therein that is configured to cover and tighten over the rim of the container, a lid flange, and a thin hook in the container containing a second gasket that is compressed by the lid flange when the lid is closed over the container. The improved container device of the present invention thus provides two, independent, internal seals that protect the liquid contents therein for extended periods of time, even if the plastic undergoes deformation, during transport, especially air transport, and under varying temperature and atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A cap is provided for a laboratory vessel. The cap includes a lid that can be rotated relative to the laboratory vessel from a closed position to an open position. The lid includes at least one tab dimensioned and disposed for receiving manual digital pressure for opening and/or closing the lid. The tab is in an offset position to prevent a thumb or forefinger from passing over and in contact with the opening to the vessel. Additionally, the lid includes a shield inwardly from the tab for further preventing contact between a finger and the open top of the vessel.

Abstract: There is described a method for heating a sample material in a sample holder, the method comprising receiving the sample holder in a heating chamber of a heating system, the sample holder having at least one sample recipient with the sample material therein; dynamically forming an individual mini microwave cavity around the sample recipient; and applying microwaves generated by at least one microwave generator directly to the sample.

Abstract: Supports for biocontainer bags and systems, and methods of using the supports and systems, are disclosed.

Abstract: A crushing mill with an internal ring inside an external ring is disclosed. In some embodiments, the inner ring has protrusions that fit within pockets in the outer ring such that as the rings rotate rock or other materials may be crushed between the protrusions and pockets of the inner and outer rings, respectively. In some embodiments, the inner and outer rings each have surface protrusions such that rock or other materials may be crushed between the inner and outer rings as they rotate. In some embodiments, the inner ring has a circumferential ridge that fits within a circumferential groove of the outer ring such that rock or other materials may be crushed between the rings. In some embodiments the rings operate at differential speeds with respect to each other to induce shear forces on the material to be crushed.

Abstract: A paper shredder having shredder cover and a motor coupled to shredder blades includes a shredder throat coupled to an inlet in the shredder cover and in proximity to shredder blades. The shredder throat has a moveable throat blade, which widens the shredder throat. An anti-jam switch, which when activated causes the motor to advance the shredder blades to clear a jam in the widened shredder throat. The jam clearing mechanism can be automatic or manual, as by push-button or turn-knob linkages. A method for recovering from a shredder jam in a paper shredder is provided, including providing a moveable throat blade; sensing a shredder throat jammed condition; releasing the moveable throat blade; moving the moveable throat blade to a wide gap position; sensing the moveable throat blade in the wide gap position; advancing shredder blades in response to the sensing, by which the jammed condition is cleared.

Abstract: A screen and rotor assembly is provided having a rotor of cylindrical shape having a plurality of toolholders in a preselected spaced pattern about an outer surface of the rotor, cutting tools connected to the plurality of toolholders and a screen positioned adjacent the rotor in close tolerance to the cutting tools. The screen has a plurality of transverse extending screen segments defining a plurality of apertures therebetween wherein the apertures form rows in a circumferential direction about the rotor. The cutting tools are centered relative to one or more of the apertures in an axial direction of the rotor. A path of the cutting tools aligned with respect to a row of the apertures extending in a circumferential direction.

Abstract: A machining method of a shredding cutter includes providing a cutter shaft and a plurality of blades; arranging the plurality of blades on the cutter shaft in a predetermined spacing; and rolling or extruding intervals of the cutter shaft between the blades to shift some materials thereof from middle toward both sides and squeeze the materials onto flanks of the blades to form embossed parts so that the blades are embedded in the embossed parts and clamped by the embossed parts, thereby fixing the blades onto the cutter shaft. The shredding cutter has a strong unitary structure, high precision, high yield, which is beneficial to reduce the processing cost and the cost of materials.

Abstract: A device for recovering magnetic particles trapped on a magnetic plug that has a bar magnet to retain the magnetic particles entrained by a liquid in which the magnetic plug is immersed, the device including a cap including a non-magnetic tube having a proximal end having an opening for the insertion of the magnet into the tube and a closed distal end, the tube to cover the magnet when it is inserted into the tube, a retention device to ensure retention between the cap and the magnet when the magnet is inserted into the tube, an extraction device provided with an opening to ensure insertion of the tube into the extraction device, the extraction device to cover the tube when the tube is inserted into the extraction device and to receive the particles trapped on the tube when the magnet is withdrawn from the tube, and a retention device to ensure retention between the extraction device and the tube.

Abstract: A separator disk package for a rotatable drum of a centrifuge for processing of a fluid product in continuous operation is disclosed. The separator disk package includes axially stacked conical separator disks, where, between adjacent separator disks, disk gaps are respectively formed. On one or more of the axially adjacent separator disks are one or more labyrinth-like flow channels, in which, during operation, a direction of flow of a through-flowing product, which is to be clarified of solids, changes on two or more occasions through respectively at least 120°.

Abstract: A multi-mode shower device. The shower device may provide an aerated spray mode and a non-aerated spray mode. The spray engine may include an elastomeric layer providing a spray face and defining an outlet and a support layer defining an opening, material of the elastomeric layer extending from the spray face and through the opening to provide an integrated seal on the opposite surface of the support layer. A conduit to one shower mode outlet may pass through a plenum for another shower mode, the conduit being completely surrounded by the plenum as the conduit passes through the plenum. The shower device may include a valve having a valve body defining a valve port in fluid communication with the inlet and a mode isolator adjacent the valve port.

Abstract: A showerhead assembly includes an adapter having a tube extending between a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end being supported by a shower arm. A fluid connector includes a ball having an outlet, a stem having an inlet, and a fluid passageway extending along a longitudinal axis between the inlet and the outlet. A spray engine is fluidly coupled to the ball of the fluid connector. A retainer body is supported by the stem of the fluid connector and includes a radially inwardly facing engagement surface. A collet is operably coupled to the retainer body and is configured to be concentrically received intermediate the adapter and retainer body. The collet includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced fingers supporting radially extending teeth configured to engage the adapter.

Abstract: A shower head valve may be alternated between a high flow configuration to a low flow configuration. A valve body in the invention has a flow inlet, a flow outlet, and a communication portion formed between the flow inlet and the flow outlet. A ball is disposed within the communication portion of the valve body, where the ball is an oblong spheroid having a first axis and a second axis, with the first axis perpendicular to the second axis. The ball has a first passage axially aligned with the first axis and a second passage axially aligned with the second axis. The ball is positionable from a first position in which the first passage is in alignment with the flow inlet and the flow outlet, to a second position in which the second passage is in alignment with the flow inlet and the flow outlet.

Abstract: A directional sprinkler system for facilitating directional control of a sprinkler includes a sprinkler head that may spray a fluid. A shield is removably coupled to the sprinkler head. The shield directs the fluid in a selected direction with respect to the sprinkler head.

Abstract: An annular gap space (18), into which a part of turbine air for driving a turbine (6) and exhaust air discharged from a rear thrust air bearing (12) flow out, is provided between an inner peripheral surface (5B) of a rotational shaft (5) and an outer peripheral surface (17B) of a feed tube (17). Air outflow holes (25) are provided in the rotational shaft (5) to be positioned between a radial air bearing (8) and a rotary atomizing head (16) and to be radially bored through the rotational shaft (5). As a result, the exhaust air flowing in the annular gap space (18) flows out outside of the rotational shaft (5) from the air outflow holes (25) in a position behind the rotary atomizing head (16).

Abstract: This disclosure describes the application of a supplemental corona source to provide surface charge on submicrometer particles to enhance collection efficiency and micro-structural density during electrostatic collection.

Abstract: A rotary atomizing head (4) is mounted on a fore end side of a motor (3). A shaping air ring (9) having a plurality of air outlet holes (10) at fixed intervals is provided on a rear side of the rotary atomizing head (4). Outer surfaces of the air motor (3) and outer surfaces of the shaping air ring (9) are enshrouded over the entire circumference by a cover member (7) formed of an electrically insulating material. An external electrode assembly (13) is provided radially outwardly of the cover member (7). An annular projecting portion (16) which projects forward is provided on the shaping air ring (9) over the entire circumference. The air outlet holes (10) are open in a fore distal end of this annular projecting portion (16). As a result, a corona discharge can be generated by allowing an electric field to be concentrated at the fore distal end of the annular protecting portion (16).

Abstract: A liquid soap dispenser includes a cap adapted to be mounted onto a container. A cylinder longitudinally and rotatably extends through the cap. A tube is longitudinally connected to a lower end of the cylinder. A discharge tube is partially longitudinally received in the cylinder. The discharge tube has a lower end received in the cylinder and abutting against an inner periphery of the cylinder and is reciprocally moved relative to the cylinder. A push-button is mounted onto a top of the discharge tube. A negative pressure relative to the space in the container is intermittently formed in the cylinder such that the liquid soap in the container will sequentially pass through the tube, the discharge tube and the push-button when the push-button is reciprocally pressed and the piston of the discharge tube is reciprocally moved relative to the cylinder.

Abstract: A dispenser for applying at least two compositions, the dispenser including at least two reservoirs for storing the at least two compositions separately, at least two pumps for pumping the at least two compositions, an optional premix chamber for mixing the two compositions before dispensing, at least two channels for delivering the compositions from the reservoirs to the premix chamber or swirl chamber, an exit orifice, an actuator, and a lever assembly for reducing the actuation force required to activate the two pumps; wherein the first composition includes microcapsules and the second composition includes a volatile solvent.

Abstract: A rolled film formation apparatus including a first chamber in which a first precursor is applied to a substrate, a second chamber in which a second precursor is applied to the substrate such that the first and second precursors react with each other and that an atomic layer is deposited on the substrate, a third chamber in which a purge gas is applied to the substrate, and conveyance roller pairs which are positioned in the first, second and third chambers, and convey the substrate. Each conveyance roller pair includes a first roller and a second roller which sandwich the substrate in a thickness direction of the substrate. At least one of the first and second rollers has an outer peripheral surface having a surface unevenness. The substrate is moved back and forth among the first, second and third chambers. The atomic layer is deposited more than once on the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pipe-shape structure coating device. A pipe-shape structure coating device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: a rack unit on which a pipe-shape structure is placed, and a work vehicle which carries out a coating process on an inner surface of the pipe-shape structure by driving inside the pipe-shape structure placed on the rack unit along a longitudinal direction of the pipe-shape structure.

Abstract: A sprinkling device includes a grip, a rotary seat sealingly mounted onto the grip and a sprinkling head sealingly and rotatably mounted onto the rotary seat. The sprinkling device is used as a spray gun when an axis of sprinkling head co-axially corresponds to that of the rotary seat or the axis of sprinkling head is parallel to that of the rotary seat. The sprinkling device is used as a sprinkler when the axes of the sprinkling head and the rotary seat form an angle, wherein the grip is used as a platform and the sprinkling head upwardly sprays water.

Abstract: Provided that a process for manufacturing an elastic roller having a mandrel and a coating film. The process comprise a first step of forming a coating film on an outer peripheral surface of a first mandrel, and a second step of forming a coating film on an outer peripheral surface of a second mandrel. The process further comprises a cleaning step between the steps. The cleaning step comprising: making a cleaning member arranged coaxially with the central axis of a circular coating head, in a downstream side in a moving direction of the first mandrel with respect to the circular coating head, making the cleaning member relatively approach the circular coating head; bringing a surface to be cleaned into contact with the cleaning member; rotating the cleaning member while the surface comes in contact with the cleaning member; and inserting the cleaning member into the center hole.

Abstract: A fluid dispensing system may include a first die portion having a first face defining a first edge and a second die portion spaced from the first die portion and having a second face facing the first face and defining a second edge, wherein the first edge and the second edge define a fluid outlet opening. The fluid dispensing system may also include a fluid inlet for introducing fluid to a region between the first face and the second face, and a cavity in flow communication with the fluid inlet, wherein the cavity opens to the region between the first face and the second face. The fluid dispensing system may further include a shim disposed between the first die portion and the second die portion to maintain the spaced positioning of the first and second die portions, wherein the shim defines a plurality of channels bounded by the first and second faces and extending from the cavity in a direction toward the fluid outlet.

Abstract: A coating film forming apparatus includes a substrate holding unit, a ring-shaped member annularly installed along a circumferential direction of the substrate so as to cover an upper side of a peripheral edge portion of the substrate, and a control unit that outputs a control signal so as to perform: positioning the ring-shaped member at a processing position where an air flow flowing above the peripheral edge portion of the substrate is straightened; rotating the substrate at a first revolution number such that a coating liquid supplied to a central portion of the substrate is diffused toward the peripheral edge portion by a centrifugal force; bringing the ring-shaped member to a retreated position where an air flow flowing near a front surface of the substrate is prevented from becoming turbulent; and reducing the revolution number of the substrate to a second revolution number lower than the first revolution number.

Abstract: A substrate treating apparatus includes a first treating block and a second treating block disposed adjacent to the first treating block. Each of the first treating block and the second treating block include a plurality of stories arranged vertically. Each of the plurality of stories includes treating units for treating substrates and a main transport mechanism for transporting the substrates to and from the treating units. The substrates are transportable between the stories of the first treating block and the stories of the second treating block at same heights as corresponding stories of the first treating block. The substrates are transportable between the stories of the first treating block and the stories of the second treating block at different heights from corresponding stories of the first treating block.

Abstract: A UVLED apparatus (and related system and method) provide efficient curing of an optical-fiber coating on a drawn glass fiber. The apparatus employs one or more UVLEDs that emit electromagnetic radiation into a curing space. An incompletely cured optical-fiber coating, which is formed upon a glass fiber, absorbs emitted and reflected electromagnetic radiation to promote efficient curing.