Abstract: A video synchronization apparatus and method by adding sync data to an ancillary data space of a video signal are provided. A sync data adding apparatus may include a sync data generator to generate sync data; and a sync data adder to add the sync data to an ancillary data space of a video signal.

Abstract: A videoconferencing apparatus automatically tracks speakers in a room and dynamically switches between a controlled, people-view camera and a fixed, room-view camera. When no one is speaking, the apparatus shows the room view to the far-end. When there is a dominant speaker in the room, the apparatus directs the people-view camera at the dominant speaker and switches from the room-view camera to the people-view camera. When there is a new speaker in the room, the apparatus switches to the room-view camera first, directs the people-view camera at the new speaker, and then switches to the people-view camera directed at the new speaker. When there are two near-end speakers engaged in a conversation, the apparatus tracks and zooms-in the people-view camera so that both speakers are in view.

Abstract: A disclosed information processing device transmits and receives, as elements, audio information of inputted audio, video information of video taken, and screen image information of a screen image to be shared. The information processing device includes a determination criteria storing unit configured to store determination criteria created in terms of the elements for determining whether to continue transmission or reception of the elements, an information obtaining unit configured to obtain specified information related to the elements from the elements being transmitted and received, and an element determination unit configured to determine from the obtained information whether to continue or not the transmission or the reception of the elements by referring to the determination criteria.

Abstract: A web-based video conferencing system and method for providing remote visitation with inmates incarnated in a prison. All visitations are initiated by the inmates and no endpoint control by prison personnel is required. Inmate terminals in the prison communicate via Internet with visitor Internet-enabled devices. Payment for services is paid by visitors using an on-line payment service relieving prison personnel of any handling of money. All calls (excluding clergy, lawyers, etc.) are typically recorded and no routine monitoring is required by prison personnel. A fee-per-minute is charged. Time is tracked for each call and the call duration and remaining time for a call based upon the maximum allowed call length and an inmate's available minutes are displayed for both the visitor and the inmate.

Abstract: An audio processor for a video conference system receives an audio signal from content to be shared over a video conference and an audio signal from a network. The audio signal from the shared content and the audio signal from the network are mixed together for output to a speaker. The audio processor may also receive a local audio signal from a microphone. The local audio signal is mixed with the audio signal of the shared to content to generate an outbound signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises a memory that stores executable instructions and a processor that executes the instructions in order to determine, for plural received compressed video inputs, at least one motion vector included in each of the plural compressed video inputs; calculate, based on the determined motion vectors, a motion value corresponding to each of the plural compressed video inputs, the motion values representing a level of motion over several frames for each of the plural compressed video inputs; and select, based on the calculated motion values, at least one of the plural compressed video inputs to be displayed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for videoconferencing using an avatar are described. The presence of a user may be detected by analyzing video captured by a digital camera. The avatar may be provided to a remote device to represent the detected user.

Abstract: Described in an example herein is an apparatus that comprises video quality monitoring logic operable to receive data representative of a video stream that includes one or more frames and to produce data representative of an estimated mean opinion score for the video stream. The video quality monitoring logic is operable to determine a scene complexity and a level of motion for the video stream. The video quality monitoring logic is operable to determine a mean square error for frames belonging to the plurality of frames. The video quality monitoring logic is operable to determine the estimated mean opinion score for the video stream based on compression distortion determined from an average of the mean square error for frames belonging to the one or more frames, the scene complexity, the level of motion, and a frame rate for the video stream.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to create and transmit transport multiplexes comprising one or more levels of service over a network. In one embodiment, the level of service comprises high definition (HD) content or programs, and the transmitted multiplexes are distributed over a plurality of downstream RF carriers in a cable network simultaneously. A head-end architecture for performing the multiplexing and distribution of multiple HD programs over the multiple carriers (i.e., in a “wideband” configuration) is disclosed. CPE having one or more wideband tuners is also disclosed, the CPE being adapted to receive the multiplexed HD content from the various RF carriers, and demultiplex it in order to permit decoding and subsequent viewing by the user. The use of multiple HD source programs with the multiplex advantageously provides for enhanced statistical multiplexing by providing a larger “pool” of constituent inputs and available carriers.

Abstract: A videophone system includes a processor which selectively sets a television (TV) broadcast program viewing function mode and videophone function mode in response to manual operation of a remote control, a decoder which performs, in the TV program view mode, a TV program-use decode function for decoding a broadcast program signal received from a TV tuner to thereby display it on a display screen while producing audio sounds by loudspeakers and which performs, in the videophone function mode a videophone-use decode function for decoding a videophone signal received from a distant party to thereby display on the screen an image of the distant party using the screen and speakers, and an encoder which performs a videophone-use encode function for encoding a video signal from a camera and a voice signal from a microphone to generate a videophone signal, which is sent to the distant party via a network.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method for creating data products in real-time with the aid of a ground station system. The method includes the steps of monitoring one or more communication links for newly captured sensor data and positional data of oblique images, saving the sensor data and positional data to one or more directories of one or more computer readable media, monitoring the one or more directories of one or more computer readable media for sensor data and positional data, processing the sensor data and positional data to create one or more data products for use by one or more mapping and exploitation systems responsive to the sensor data and positional data being saved in the one or more directories, and storing the one or more data products to one or more directories of one or more computer readable media.

Abstract: A device for acquiring first and subsequent images of a suspect area on a patient and methods for monitoring or detecting changes of the suspect area over time and providing notification when the changes exceed a threshold. The device may be an imaging device, such as a digital camera, possibly augmented with physical or optical devices for arranging the orientation and/or distance of the imaging device with respect to the suspect area. In addition, methods for identifying, relocating, acquiring a first and/or subsequent image of the suspect area, and performing a comparative analysis of respective images are also described. Results of the comparative analysis can be used to notify and/or assist a medical professional in treating or counseling the patient.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for analyzing a scene depicted in an input stream of video frames captured by a video camera. The techniques include receiving data for an object within the scene and determining whether the object has remained substantially stationary within the scene for at least a threshold period. If the object is determined to have remained stationary for at least the threshold period, a rareness score is calculated for the object to indicate a likelihood of the object being stationary to an observed degree at an observed location. The rareness score may use a learning model to take into account previous stationary and/or non-stationary behavior of objects within the scene. In general, the learning model may be updated based on observed stationary and/or non-stationary behaviors of the objects. If the rareness score meets reporting conditions, the stationary object event may be reported.

Abstract: A vision system of a vehicle includes a plurality of cameras with exterior overlapping fields of view. The vision system is operable to calibrate at least one of the cameras and includes a plurality of targets disposed at locations near the vehicle and within the fields of views of the cameras. A display device is operable to display images captured by the cameras of the vision system. A plurality of user inputs may be provided and a user may selectively actuate the user inputs to manipulate images captured by the cameras to align portions of a target in overlapping regions of the captured images of adjacent cameras to calibrate the cameras. The vision system may calibrate cameras automatically, such as responsive to the targets moving into the fields of views of the cameras, whereby the vision system may calibrate the cameras as the vehicle is moved along an assembly line.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for using a video camera. According to at least one embodiment, a camera assembly for recording video footage includes a lens connector with a lens attached to a first end and a camera body connector on a second end. Further, the lens connector has a length that separates the video lens a distance from a camera body when the lens connector is attached to camera body and also housing at least one cable capable of transmitting a video signal recorded by the lens from the lens to the camera body. Also, the camera body has a power module and a communication module to communicate with a remote control unit.

Abstract: An imaging system and method of a trailer backup assist system is provided and includes a camera having an image sensor. The camera is mounted on the rear of a vehicle and images a target provided on a trailer. A controller is included for adjusting an image capture setting of the camera based on a status input from a vehicle lighting system, image data from the camera, and locational input from a positioning device.

Abstract: A vehicle surroundings monitoring apparatus includes a processing device. The processing device outputs a surrounding image as viewed from an eyepoint behind a host vehicle, including a current location of the host vehicle, to a display device mounted on the host vehicle on the basis of an image captured by a camera located a predetermined distance behind the current location of the host vehicle while the host vehicle is travelling forward or the host vehicle is stopped.

Abstract: A broadcast system and method of changing allocations therein include a plurality of broadcast system components and a broadcast operation channel management system having a database. The broadcast operation channel management system generates a first allocation chart for the broadcast system with a first effective time and communicates at least a portion of the first allocation chart to the plurality of broadcast system components. The plurality of broadcast system components determines a local time and when the local time is equal to or greater than the effective time, operates with the first allocation chart. The broadcast operation channel management system generates a second allocation chart for the broadcast system with a second effective time. The broadcast operation channel management system communicates at least a portion of the second allocation chart to the plurality of broadcast system components.

Abstract: A projection method, a projection apparatus and an electronic device are provided. The method may include: acquiring a target content to be projected in an electronic device; determining a projection parameter for the target content; adjusting a beam output mode of a light path changing module for projection beams of the target content based on the projection parameter; and based on the beam output mode, projecting, via the light path changing module, the projection beams of the target content into a first region of a projection carrier located away from the electronic device by a first distance, where the area of the first region varies with the beam output mode. With the projection method, the projection apparatus and the electronic device in the application, the area of the projection region can be adjusted easily, so that multiple users can use the electronic device to watch the projection conveniently.

Abstract: A multi-DMD projection system uses an extended X-cube color splitting/recombining prism to implement splitting and recombining functions at different sections of the cube. Light directed from a white light source is split into red, green and blue components in a lower section of the cube. The components are directed to respective first, second and third DMDs for separate modulations and reentered into the X-cube prism by TIR prism for recombining at an upper section of the cube.

Abstract: A projector adapted to project an image includes an imaging section adapted to image a projection surface on which the image is projected, and output an image obtained by imaging, an identification section adapted to identify a projection area in which the image is projected based on the image output by the imaging section, a mask processing section adapted to mask an outside of an area, which includes the projection area identified by the identification section, on the image output by the imaging section, a discrimination section adapted to determine which one of a first state, in which the projector is used alone, and a second state, in which the projector and another projector project images side by side, is set, and a setting section adapted to set an area to be masked by the mask processing section in accordance with a determination result of the discrimination section.

Abstract: Provided is a projection-type image display device including: a projection unit including a light source configured to emit light having intensity corresponding to a pixel value of an input image and a deflection unit configured to deflect emitted light from the light source using a mirror to perform scanning on a projection object; a retiming unit configured to perform retiming on pixel data of the input image in accordance with a deflection angle in the deflection unit; a shape distortion correction table having a shape distortion correction amount in each shape distortion correction table calculation position; a brightness distortion correction table having a brightness distortion correction amount in each brightness distortion correction table calculation position; and an image correction unit configured to perform distortion correction on the input image by performing signal processing based on the shape distortion correction table and the brightness distortion correction table.

Abstract: In a projector, a comparator included in a trapezoid correction unit compares the aspect ratio of a rectangular input unit with that of the device area. A projection area determination unit determines an effective projection area that is an area included in the projection area and that is rectangular on the object on the basis of a result of the comparison. The device area determination unit determines an effective device area so that the relation of the effective projection area with the projection area corresponds to the relation of the effective device area with the device area. A geometric transformation unit projects the input image into the effective device area so that the input image is projected without distortion within the effective projection area of the object.

Abstract: An in-vehicle imaging device is provided with a detection region setting unit for setting a detection region, which corresponds to a predetermined object to be detected within an imaging screen; a color signal determination unit for setting a specific color corresponding to the object to be detected, and for determining whether the color data of pixels contained in the detection region are close to the specific color; and a gain control unit for averaging the color data of pixels (approximate color pixels) that were determined to be close to the specific color within the detection region and for adjusting the color gain of the image signal on the basis of a differential value of the color data of the specific color and the average value of the color data of the approximate color pixels.

Abstract: An image processing device of an embodiment includes: an input circuit to input a first to a third image signal respectively corresponding to different first to third colors of an image; a first generator to generate a fourth image signal by adding the first and second image signals; an enhancing circuit to apply edge enhancement processing to the third and fourth image signals; an output circuit to output the third and fourth image signals having undergone the edge enhancement processing in correspondence to a plurality of different areas of the image; a dividing circuit to divide the output third image signal and the output fourth image signal into a plurality of fifth image signals and a plurality of sixth image signals respectively; and a second generator to generate a luminance signal based on the plural fifth and sixth image signals.

Abstract: A method comprising: capturing, by an electronic device, a first incident light sample and generating an image based on the first incident light sample; capturing, by the electronic device, a second incident light sample and identifying a light source type associated with the second incident light sample; and adjusting a white balance of the image according to the light source type.

Abstract: A multi-area white-balance control device includes a component that divides an inputted image into a plurality of division areas, a component that estimates a lighting-source color temperature for each division area, a component that calculates out color information of an areal image for each division area, and a component that acquires information for white-balance processing on the basis of the lighting-source color temperature and the color information of the areal image for each division in such a manner as to weight, in the information for white-balance processing, a multi-area white-balance factor as more significant in reference to a single-area white-balance factor in a case where the color information has a value higher than a predetermined value, than in a case where the color information fails to have the predetermined value. Thereby, an image with natural color reproduction can be generated.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes: an adjusting unit configured to perform a color adjustment process on an input image and generate an output image: a determining unit configured to determine an approximate expression which approximates conversion characteristics of the color adjustment process; and an outputting unit configured to output color adjustment information including information representing the approximate expression determined by the determining unit, wherein when the adjusting unit performs the color adjustment process on a partial region of the input image, the outputting unit outputs, as the color adjustment information, information including the information representing the approximate expression determined by the determining unit and region information representing the partial region.

Abstract: The enhanced 3D audio/video processing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention may comprise: a three-dimensional (3D) content generating unit for generating 3D content including video content and analog content; a depth information generating unit for generating depth information for the video frames constituting the video content; and a signal generating unit for generating a 3D enhanced signal including the generated 3D content and the depth information.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a receiving unit configured to receive at least two parallax images that are obtained from a subject image captured via a single optical system, where the at least two parallax images include an image in a first viewpoint direction and an image in a second viewpoint direction, an average calculating unit configured to calculate, for each pixel, an arithmetic average and a geometric average between the image in the first viewpoint direction and the image in the second viewpoint direction, a ratio calculating unit configured to calculate, for each pixel, a ratio of the arithmetic average to the geometric average, and a disparity calculating unit configured to calculate, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, a disparity between the image in the first viewpoint direction and the image in the second viewpoint direction based on the ratio.

Abstract: Predetermined three-dimensional video parameter settings may be dynamically adjusted based on scene content. One or more three-dimensional characteristics associated with a given scene may be determined. One or more scale factors may be determined from the three-dimensional characteristics. The predetermined three-dimensional video parameter settings can be adjusted by applying the scale factors to the predetermined three-dimensional video parameter settings. The scene may be displayed on a three-dimensional display using the resulting adjusted set of predetermined three-dimensional video parameters.

Abstract: A method for generating a stereoscopic video stream (101) having composite images (C) that include information about a right image (R) and a left image (L), as well as at least one depth map includes pixels from the right image (R) and from the left image (L), and then entering the selected pixels into a composite image (C) of the stereoscopic video stream. The method also provides for entering all the pixels of the right image (R) and all the pixels of the left image (L) into the composite image (C) by leaving one of said two images unchanged and breaking up the other one into regions (R1, R2, R3) having a plurality of pixels. The pixels of the depth map(s) are then entered into that region of the composite image which is not occupied by pixels of the right and left images.

Abstract: A plurality of video input units generate video frames and provide shooting characteristics. A 3D video frame generator creates a 3D video frame by combining a plurality of video frames, which are provided from the plurality of video input units, respectively, and provides 3D video frame composition information indicating a composition type of the plurality of video frames included in the 3D video frame, and resolution control information indicating adjustment/non-adjustment of resolutions of the video frames. A 3D video frame encoder outputs an encoded 3D video stream by encoding the 3D video frame provided from the 3D video frame generator. A composition information checker checks 3D video composition information including the shooting information, the 3D video frame composition information, and the resolution control information. A 3D video data generator generates 3D video data by combining the 3D video composition information and the encoded 3D video stream.

Abstract: An imaging device includes a multifocal main lens having different focal distances for a plurality of regions, an image sensor having a plurality of pixels configured of two-dimensionally arranged photoelectric converting elements, a multifocal lens array having a plurality of microlens groups at different focal distances disposed on an incident plane side of the image sensor, and an image obtaining device which obtains from the image sensor, a plurality of images for each of the focal distances obtained by combining the multifocal main lens and the plurality of microlens groups at different focal distances.

Abstract: Techniques for identifying usable projection areas within an environment and projecting content onto these areas are described herein. The systems described herein may include one or more projectors, one or more cameras, and one or more computing devices. In some instances, the described techniques may utilize the one or more cameras to identify a flat projection surface. After identifying this surface, the techniques may use depth detection, edge detection, or other techniques to determine whether the surface includes any objects protruding there from. If so, then the techniques may identify the size and location of these objects and may store an indication that these objects occlude a portion of the flat projection surface and, therefore, that the locations associated with these objects are not usable projection areas. The techniques may then deduct the locations of the objects from the initially identified projection surface to determine the usable projection areas.

Abstract: Rendering a stereoscopic image of a 3-D environment, including: tracing a path of ray from a camera to a light source for every pixel in a view window; determining shading of all pixels in the view window; and adjusting the shading for all pixels to show horizontal displacement but substantially reduce vertical displacement in the stereoscopic image. Keywords include shading and horizontal displacement.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes an image-frame reading section that reads one or more image frames from a moving image, a region-boundary-line-information receiving section that receives information concerning a region boundary line in the read image frames, a region dividing section that expands a division region starting from a point on the region boundary line and divides the inside and outside of the region boundary line with division lines, which connect points of brightness, an opening processing section that leaves a first division line between a pair of the region boundary lines and opens a second division line, a separating section that separates regions in the image frames in units of a region surrounded by the first division line, and a first depth-value giving section that gives, to the region surrounded by the first division line, a depth value representing a distance degree of the region.

Abstract: A method and system to determine the disparity associated with one or more textured regions of a plurality of images is presented. The method comprises the steps of breaking up the texture into its color primitives, further segmenting the textured object into any number of objects comprising such primitives, and then calculating a disparity of these objects. The textured objects emerge in the disparity domain, after having their disparity calculated. Accordingly, the method is further comprised of defining one or more textured regions in a first of a plurality of images, determining a corresponding one or more textured regions in a second of the plurality of images, segmenting the textured regions into their color primitives, and calculating a disparity between the first and second of the plurality of images in accordance with the segmented color primitives.

Abstract: A 3D display device is provided. The 3D display device includes a collimated backlight, a display module, an interference filter, and a lens array. The collimated backlight herein includes a first sub-backlight source and a second sub-backlight source. The display module includes a plurality of sub-pixel units. The interference filter includes a plurality of first interference filter units and second interference filter units. The lens array includes a plurality of lens units. The 3D display device of the present invention has a higher resolution and a wider viewing angle.

Abstract: A system and computer implemented method for managing a display for a software application is disclosed. The software application may have a set of portions. The method can include collecting, for a first portion and a second portion of the set of portions, optical tracking information including a set of viewing coordinates having a temporal feature. The method can also include determining, based on the optical tracking information including the set of viewing coordinates having the temporal feature, a set of viewing scores including a first group of viewing scores and a second group of viewing scores. The method can also include generating a frustum having a set of regions. The set of regions can include a first region, to provide the first portion, based on the first group of viewing scores, and a second region, to provide the second portion, based on the second group of viewing scores.

Abstract: A device and a method for controlling the same are disclosed, in which a user may control a 3D display device more conveniently and exactly. The 3D display device comprises a 3D display unit a measurement unit configured to obtain location information indicating a location of a user located in front of the 3D display unit, and a processor configured to control the 3D display unit and the measurement unit, wherein the processor obtains a first angle, which is a horizontal angle between the 3D display unit and the user, by using the location information, maintains an image displayed on the 3D display unit if the first angle is within a preset first angle range, and rotates the image displayed on the 3D display unit based on a vertical axis of the image and in a left or right direction according to the first angle if the first angle departs from the preset first angle range.

Abstract: A direct interaction stereoscopic display system that produces an augmented or virtual reality environment. The system comprises one or more displays and one or more beam combiners to virtually project high-resolution flicker-free stereoscopic 3D imagery into a graphics volume in an open region. Viewpoint tracking is provided enabling motion parallax cues. A user interaction volume co-inhabits the graphics volume and a precise low-latency sensor allows users to directly interact with 3D virtual objects or interfaces without occluding the graphics. An adjustable support frame permits the 3D imagery to be readily positioned in situ with real environments for augmented reality applications. Individual display components may be adjusted to precisely align the 3D imagery with components of real environments for high-precision applications and also to match accommodation-vergence distances to prevent eye strain.

Abstract: Because neighboring frames may affect how a current frame is perceived, we examine different neighborhoods of the current frame and select a neighborhood that impacts the perceived temporal distortion (i.e., when frames are viewed continuously) of the current frame most significantly. Based on spatial distortion (i.e., when a frame is viewed independently of other frames in a video sequence) of frames in the selected neighborhood, we can estimate initial temporal distortion. To refine the initial temporal distortion, we also consider the distribution of distortion in the selected neighborhood, for example, the distance between the current frame and a closest frame with large distortion, or whether distortion occurs in consecutive frames.

Abstract: A measuring system for measuring video processing quality of a device under test includes a measuring device comprising transmission means set up for transmitting a video to the device under test. The device under test is set up for receiving the video and displaying it using a display included by the device under test. The video includes at least a first barcode to be displayed for a first duration. The measuring system includes a barcode reader set up for reading the first barcode from the display of the device under test. The measuring system is set up for determining the video processing quality of the device under test based upon measuring results of the barcode reader.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a system for generating video test pattern signals from definitions contained in a text-based definition file. The definition file allows the user to create generic definitions for test signals that can be interpreted to create test signals in a variety of formats, raster sizes, color spaces, sample structures, frame modes, and bit depths. A parametric generator uses one or more engines to then generate the desired test pattern from the definition file.

Abstract: The present technique relates to an image processing device and a method therefor allowing rate control to be performed more easily. An image encoding device that encodes image data to generate an encoded stream includes: a setting unit configured to set binary parameters used for defining the size, the accumulated data amount, and the like of a hypothetical decoder defined in the encoded stream obtained by encoding the image data in binary data generated by arithmetic coding; an encoding unit configured to encode image data to generate an encoded stream; and a transmitting unit configured to transmit the binary parameter set by the setting unit and the encoded stream generated by the encoding unit to an image decoding device that decodes the encoded stream via a predetermined transmission path such as a recording medium or a network. The present disclosure can be applied to image processing devices, for example.

Abstract: A device for processing video data includes a memory; a receiver configured to real-time transport protocol (RTP) packets; and one or more processors configured to: receive a first real-time transport protocol (RTP) packet comprising a first network abstraction layer (NAL) unit, and in response to a transmission mode for the first RTP packet being a single session transmission mode and a first parameter being equal to a first value, determine a decoding order number for the first NAL unit based on a transmission order of the first NAL unit.

Abstract: Intra prediction is used in state-of-the-art video coding standards such as AVC. The intra prediction modes are coded into the bitstream. Luma and chroma components could potentially have different prediction modes. For chroma components, there are 5 different modes defined in AVC: vertical, horizontal, DC, diagonal down right, and “same as luma”. Statistics show that the “same as luma” mode is frequent used, but in AVC, this mode is encoded using more bits than other modes during entropy coding, therefore the coding efficiency is decreased. Accordingly, a modified binarization/codeword assignment for chroma intra mode signaling is able to be utilized for high efficiency video coding (HEVC), the next generation video coding standard.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for decoding and coding a data signal representing at least one current image split up into partitions. The method of decoding includes, for at least one current partition to be reconstructed in the image, steps of: prediction of the current partition from at least one already decoded causal partition, and reconstruction of the current partition, from the predicted current partition, delivering a reconstructed current partition. Following the aid reconstruction step, the decoding method implements steps of: determination of at least one already decoded causal partition using a motion estimation applied to the reconstructed current partition, and modification of the reconstructed current partition by calculation of a function applied both to the determined causal partition and to the reconstructed current partition, delivering a modified reconstructed current partition.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus capable of reducing a capacity of a storage element includes: a first variable-length decoding unit that sequentially outputs, for each first unit of processing, one or more components included in the first unit of processing, by performing a first process on a coded stream; a reordering unit that sequentially outputs, for each second unit of processing different from the first unit of processing, one or more components included in the second unit of processing, by reordering the components outputted from the first variable-length decoding unit; and a second inverse quantization unit that performs a second process on the components outputted from the reordering unit, for each second unit of processing.