Abstract: A sheet conveying apparatus, including a conveyer to convey a sheet in a predetermined conveying direction along a predetermined conveyer path, and a discharger forming a part of the conveyer to discharge the sheet from the conveyer path, is provided. The discharger includes a driving roller, a pinch roller arranged to confront the driving roller across the conveyer path, and an urging member to urge the pinch roller against the driving roller. The conveyer includes a chute member. The chute member includes a guiding face defining a part of the conveyer path, a supporting face to support one end of the urging member, and a contact face located on a particular face of the chute member opposite from the supporting face. The sheet conveying apparatus includes a plate member made of metal arranged to extend in a direction intersecting with the conveying direction and to contact the contact face.

Abstract: A series of conveyance paths to convey a recording medium is formed across a printer and a post-processing device in a printing system. The printing system includes: a detection unit that detects that the post-processing device has entered a predetermined state; and a paper feeding control unit that limits the number of recording media fed to the conveyance path, when it is not detected that the post-processing device has entered the predetermined state, based on the number of recording media conveyable to the post-processing device after the post-processing device enters the predetermined state.

Abstract: A spool, presented herein, is comprising a proximal side including a central opening about a rotation axis thereof, a distal side including a central opening about the rotation axis thereof, the proximal side and the distal side being assembled together with alignment of the rotation axis thereof, an axial slot radially extending from the central opening and a recessed portion communicating with the central opening, the recessed portion extending between the axial slot and a locking member receiver. A method of using same and a mechanism to engage lock and actuate the spool is also presented therein.

Abstract: A method for implementing a correct winding of a wire on a spool. The method is characterized in that it comprises a step for calculating the angular speed of a motor displacing a wire dispensing device according to the wire winding pitch and according to the pulling error, detected in relation to a given pre-set set-point and to a tolerance value, in order to determine the presence of a possible “valley error”, or of a possible “peak error”. Furthermore, if during the spool winding a “valley error” or a “peak error” is detected, the control device decides whether to slow down or to increase the speed of the wire dispensing device with the aim of filling the valley or of skipping the peak.

Abstract: The hose caddy for expandable hoses comprises a housing formed from a bottom surface and sidewalls to define an open interior. A top is hingedly coupled to the housing to control access to the interior of the housing. A flexible elongated body is coupled to the housing using a guidance rail assembly. The flexible elongated body can be extended or retracted along the guidance rail assembly, and includes a hook for attaching the hose caddy to a water faucet.

Abstract: A spool-supplying apparatus for managing a plurality of spools is presented and is comprising a spool support frame, a spool-supporting axle secured in cantilever, at a first end thereof, to the spool support frame, the spool-supporting axle being configured to support a plurality of axially-supported spools thereon, the plurality of spools axially engaging the spool-supporting axle through a second end thereof, and a spool unwinder operatively associated with the spool-supplying apparatus for unwinding a spool, the spool unwinder being configured to rotatably engage a first spool from the second end of the spool-supporting axle. A method of using the spool-supplying apparatus is also presented.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of operating an elevator system is provided. The method includes detecting, using a controller, when an external power source is unavailable. The method also includes controlling, using the controller, a plurality of components of the elevator system. The controlling comprises operating at least one of an elevator car, a drive unit, an inverter and a brake. The method further includes detecting, using the controller, an original direction of travel of the elevator car. The method yet further includes detecting, using the controller, a mode of the elevator car, wherein the mode includes at least one of a motoring mode, a near balance mode, and a regenerative mode. The method includes determining, using the controller, a target floor. The method also includes adjusting, using the controller, a velocity of the elevator car to reach the target floor in response to the mode detected.

Abstract: A method of operating an elevator system is provided. The method includes powering, using a battery, the elevator system when an external power source is unavailable. The method also includes controlling, using a controller, a plurality of components of the elevator system. The controlling comprises operating at least one of the battery, an elevator car, a drive unit, and a brake. The method further includes determining, using the controller, a run profile of the elevator car in response to a selected deceleration. The method yet further includes operating, using the controller, the elevator car in response to the run profile determined, and determining, using the controller, an actual velocity of the elevator car.

Abstract: A target floor registration unit for use in an elevator system including a unit controller configured to receive assignment information, a user detection device operably coupled to the controller; wherein the user detection device is configured to determine whether a user is present at the target floor registration unit, and a display part; the display part configured to dynamically display the assignment information based in part on whether the user is present at the target floor registration unit.

Abstract: A belt for an elevator system and a method for making the same is provided. The belt includes a plurality of tension members that extend along a length of the belt and a jacket. The jacket substantially retains the plurality of tension members. The jacket maintains a desired spacing and alignment of the tension members relative to each other. The jacket includes a plurality of first fibers and a plurality of second fibers. The jacket defines at least one exterior, traction surface of the belt. The first fibers are at least partially disposed between the tension members and the traction surface of the belt. The second fibers are fill fibers. The first fibers have at least one property that distinguishes them from the second fibers.

Abstract: An elevator system (100) includes an elevator drive system (101) including a tension member (103) supporting an elevator car (106) under tension and a monitoring system (102). The monitoring system includes a vibration sensor (111) for detecting vibration of at least one of the tension member and the elevator car and an analysis unit (112) for determining a level of wear and life of the tension member based on the vibration of the tension member detected by the vibration sensor.

Abstract: A stairlift with an elongated rail includes a first side running surface and a second side running surface; and a carriage movable along the rail. The carriage having a first roller including a first roller friction surface which is in frictional engagement with the first side running surface for guiding the first roller; and a second roller including a second roller friction surface which is in frictional engagement with the second side running surface for guiding the second roller; and a first bridge. The first roller being rotatable around a first axis at a first end of the first bridge and the second roller is being rotatable around a second axis at a second end of the first bridge.

Abstract: Several embodiments of an end cap are provided for use with a spreader bar system for distributing the lift force of a load across multiple points. The end cap comprises at least one lifting lug with the shackles positioned therethrough, along with at least one visual indicium for keeping a minimum of a 45 degree lift angle. Additionally, the end cap is provided with a pinch bolt system for easy assembly as well as a flat, horizontal foot plate located beneath the end cap for quick alignment. A four-point embodiment duplicates these features and positions two end caps at a 90 degree perpendicular angle atop a support plate. Additionally, a method of use is provided for pre-calculating maximum load so as to reduce the computation to a single chart.

Abstract: A breach sling system used to quickly and efficiently remove material and items. Using this system may allow law enforcement personnel to quickly remove material and items such as doors and windows from structures, which allows law enforcement to quickly breach and enter a structure. Breaching hooks, used by law enforcement personnel, may be embedded into material and items. Attached to ropes, the breaching hooks may be pulled using a vehicle, which may exert enough force on the material and items to remove them from a structure.

Abstract: A breach sling system used to quickly and efficiently remove material and items. Using this system may allow law enforcement personnel to quickly remove material and items such as doors and windows from structures, which allows law enforcement to quickly breach and enter a structure. Breaching hooks, used by law enforcement personnel, may be embedded into material and items. Attached to ropes, the breaching hooks may be pulled using a vehicle, which may exert enough force on the material and items to remove them from a structure.

Abstract: A breach sling system used to quickly and efficiently remove material and items. Using this system may allow law enforcement personnel to quickly remove material and items such as doors and windows from structures, which allows law enforcement to quickly breach and enter a structure. Breaching hooks, used by law enforcement personnel, may be embedded into material and items. Attached to ropes, the breaching hooks may be pulled using a vehicle, which may exert enough force on the material and items to remove them from a structure.

Abstract: A lifting anchor assembly that is configured to be embedded in a tilt-up concrete structure includes an anchor member that has a pair of legs extending downward from a central portion of the anchor member to form a generally inverted U shape. A spacer is disposed at a lower end portion of each of the pair of legs, where the spacers each include a plurality of spacing arms that extend radially at different lengths from an engagement portion of the spacer that adjustably attaches at the anchor member. The engagement portion of the spacer is configured to engage the anchor member in different rotational positions to selectively position one of the plurality of spacing arms in a downward position for accommodating different thickness dimensions of concrete structures.

Abstract: There is proposed a rail member [see: 102] comprising a resiliently flexible elongate substrate comprising first and second major surfaces, the member comprising at least one channel formation [see: 202] formed transversally relative to the longitudinal axis of the elongate substrate across at least one of the first or second major surfaces, according to a first embodiment, an insert [see: 304] is positioned between the first and second major surfaces; according to a second embodiment, an insert [see: 304] ex tends longitudinally along the member.

Abstract: Systems and methods for preventing improper lifting of tubular members are described, in which sensing devices are used to detect when a tubular reaches a selected position within a lifting device suitable for engagement, and/or to detect when a lifting operation is initiated that would exceed the capacity of a lifting device. Operators are engaged with the tubular member and provided with a preselected force corresponding to the weight of one or more tubular members, such that when the weight of a lifting operation exceeds the preselected force, an audible device may be actuated responsive to sensor output, to immediately alert individuals, such that the improper lifting operation may be halted. Similarly, an audible device may be actuated responsive to sensor output when a tubular member reaches a selected position within the lifting device, such that additional movement may be ceased.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing reliable spooling for hoists, winches, and other pulling and/or lifting devices is disclosed. In one embodiment, such an apparatus includes a motor and a drum rotated by the motor to draw in or let out a line from the drum. The drum includes a groove formed in an outer surface thereof to accommodate the line. A roller is provided to place pressure on the line against the drum. This roller is powered to assist the drum in spooling the line onto and off of the drum. In certain embodiments, the roller is driven by a gear that engages teeth on the drum. In other embodiments, the roller is driven by a wheel that is rotated by the drum. A corresponding method is also disclosed and claimed herein.

Abstract: A line guidance device (40) is provided for use with a confined space entry/retrieval hoist and fall protection anchorage system (10) and includes a line guide (46) that guides a line from an extend/retract line device (22) past another extend/retract line device (20) with both devices (20, 22) mounted on a backside (24) of a mast (12) of the system (10).

Abstract: A push-up system for heavy loads comprising multiple lift modules that are usable to collectively support and raise a load, wherein each lift module is capable to receive a support beam on top of it, and wherein the support beam is placeable on top of the lift module in at least one of a first direction and a second direction which traverses the first direction, and wherein each lift module is equipped with supports for the support beam, wherein the supports are swivably mounted at an upper end of the lift module and arranged to be displaceable between a first position wherein the support's guiding surface is horizontal and a second position wherein the supports are swiveled away from the first position so as to arrange that the support's guiding surface is perpendicular with said upper face of the lift module.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a hydraulic circuit for a forklift, and more particularly, to a hydraulic circuit for a forklift which is capable of preventing an engine from being stopped due to surge pressure that instantaneously occurs when a lift cylinder reaches an end stroke and thus cannot be operated any further when the lift cylinder is extended. According to the hydraulic circuit for a forklift according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, which is configured as described above, the accumulator is provided on the hydraulic line through which the working fluid is provided to the lift cylinder, and as a result, the accumulator may quickly absorb surge pressure when the surge pressure is produced in the lift cylinder or the hydraulic line.

Abstract: A tap (1) is disclosed for delivering liquids, particularly for delivering high- and medium-density liquids from rigid vessels, comprising: a body (3); stem means (9); and elastic actuating means (11) of the stem means (9); air inlet/outlet means (13, 25, 28) in the body (3) and inside the vessel; valve means (7) for passing air; non-return valve means (26) placed between the air inlet and outlet means (13, 25, 28) and the vessel interior and adapted to be guided and driven by the pressure difference between outside the tap (1) and inside the vessel; anti-counterfeiting and protecting means (A); supporting means (E); and an integrated glass (D).

Abstract: A signaling apparatus paces a free pour count and choreographs a movement to stop pouring. The apparatus emits a first signal after an approximately 200-ms time interval and a series of subsequent signals every approximately 400-ms thereafter. The first time interval approximates a first time, measured from a moment the sensor detects the start of the pour, needed to dispense a first unit of beverage through the pour spout, minus a second time needed to react to a signal and stop the pour. The 400-ms time interval approximates the time required to dispense each subsequent unit of beverage through the pour spout. In one embodiment, the signaling apparatus emits sequential pulses according to the pattern Y-Y-Y-Y-G-Y-Y-R, wherein Y is yellow, G is green, and R is red, wherein each pulse represents a quarter-ounce increment, the green pulse represents a standard pour, and the red pulse represents a full pour.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an electronic fuel management control and accounting system may include: a server having a management logic in a memory and executable by a processor; a client device having an interface logic in a memory and executable by a processor; and a dispenser control device communicatively coupled to a material providing system to control dispensing of a material from the material providing system. A dispensing logic may be stored in a memory of the dispenser control device and executable by a processor of the dispenser control device. The dispensing logic may communicate with the management logic of the server via the interface logic of the client device thereby allowing the management logic to control dispensing of the material from the material providing system. The system may enable any number of client devices, such as cell phones, to instantly provide access to the material providing system.

Abstract: A fluid dispensing system. The fluid dispensing system includes a portable source container, a fluid dispensing nozzle, a pump system, a fluid conduit, and a power connector. The pump system includes at least one pumping portion for pumping fluid through a first fluid passage, an electric motor for powering the first pumping portion and a power receptacle for receiving power to the electric motor. The pump system is coupled the source container or the fluid dispensing nozzle. The power connector includes at least one retaining clip biased to a retaining configuration, the first retaining clip in the retaining configuration being configured to enable the power connector to be retained in the power receptacle.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a plurality of through-holes (132) in a layer of material by subjecting the layer to directional dry etching to provide through-holes (132) in the layer of material; For batch-wise production, the method comprises after a step of providing a layer of first material (220) on base material and before the step of directional dry etching, providing a plurality of holes at the central locations of pits (210), etching base material at the central locations of the pits (210) so as to form a cavity (280) with an aperture (281), depositing a second layer of material (240) on the base material in the cavity (280), and subjecting the second layer of material (240) in the cavity (280) to said step of directional dry etching using the aperture (281) as the opening (141) of a shadow mask.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical system and a method for manufacturing a microelectromechanical system including: a substrate; a microelectromechanical device including: a diaphragm configured as a transducer to convert between electrical energy and mechanical energy and an electrode coupled to the diaphragm; a support region mechanically coupling the microelectromechanical device to the substrate, wherein the support region is confined to a first continuous region spanning an arc of less than 90 degrees around a perimeter of the diaphragm; and a second continuous region free from mechanical support of the microelectromechanical device to the substrate, the second continuous region spanning the perimeter of the diaphragm from one end of the support region to the other end of the support region; wherein the support region cantilevers the microelectromechanical device and the second continuous region mechanically decouples the microelectromechanical device from the substrate.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical device may include: a semiconductor carrier; a microelectromechanical element disposed in a position distant to the semiconductor carrier; wherein the microelectromechanical element is configured to generate or modify an electrical signal in response to a mechanical signal and/or is configured to generate or modify a mechanical signal in response to an electrical signal; at least one contact pad, which is electrically connected to the microelectromechanical element for transferring the electrical signal between the contact pad and the microelectromechanical element; and a connection structure which extends from the semiconductor carrier to the microelectromechanical element and mechanically couples the microelectromechanical element with the semiconductor carrier.

Abstract: A layer material which is particularly suitable for the realization of self-supporting structural elements having an electrode in the layer structure of a MEMS component. The self-supporting structural element is at least partially made up of a silicon carbonitride (Si1-x-yCxNy)-based layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device composed of a capacitive humidity sensor comprised of a moisture-sensitive polymer layer electrografted to an electrically conductive metal layer situated on an CMOS substrate or a combined MEMS and CMOS substrate, and exposed within an opening through a passivation layer, packages composed of the encapsulated device, and methods of forming the capacitive humidity sensor within the semiconductor device, are provided.

Abstract: The application relates to integrated MEMS transducers comprising a MEMS transducer structure formed of a plurality of transducer layers and at least one circuit component formed from a plurality of circuitry (CMOS) layers. The integrated MEMS transducer further comprises a conductive enclosure that is integral to the transducer layers and circuitry layers. The at least one circuit component is inside the conductive enclosure whilst the MEMS transducer structure is outside the enclosure.

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical pressure sensor device, formed by a cap region and by a sensor region of semiconductor material. An air gap extends between the sensor region and the cap region; a buried cavity extends underneath the air gap, in the sensor region, and delimits a membrane at the bottom. A through trench extends within the sensor region and laterally delimits a sensitive portion housing the membrane, a supporting portion, and a spring portion, the spring portion connecting the sensitive portion to the supporting portion. A channel extends within the spring portion and connects the buried cavity to a face of the second region. The first air gap is fluidically connected to the outside of the device, and the buried cavity is isolated from the outside via a sealing region arranged between the sensor region and the cap region.

Abstract: A semiconductor pressure sensor assembly for measuring a pressure of an exhaust gas which contains corrosive components, comprising: a first cavity, a pressure sensor comprising first bondpads for electrical interconnection, a CMOS chip comprising second bondpads for electrical interconnection with the pressure sensor, an interconnection module having electrically conductive paths connected via bonding wires to the pressure sensor and to the CMOS chip; the interconnection module being a substrate with corrosion-resistant metal tracks, wherein the CMOS chip and part of the interconnection module are encapsulated by a plastic package.

Abstract: A micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) device includes a MEMS substrate having a first opening, a second opening, and a membrane layer comprising a first membrane disposed over the first opening and a second membrane disposed over the second opening. The MEMS device also includes a carrier substrate bonded to a first side of the MEMS substrate, the carrier substrate having a first cavity exposing the first membrane and a second cavity exposing the second membrane, and a cap substrate bonded to a second side of the MEMS substrate. The cap substrate has a third cavity connected to the first opening and a fourth cavity connected to the second opening. The first membrane, the first cavity, and the third cavity are part of a pressure sensor. The fourth cavity extends completely through the cap substrate. The second membrane, the second cavity, and the fourth cavity are part of a microphone.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a plurality of through-holes in a layer of first material, for example for the manufacturing of a probe comprising a tip containing a channel. To manufacture the through-holes in a batch process, a layer of first material is deposited on a wafer comprising a plurality of pits a second layer is provided on the layer of first material, and the second layer is provided with a plurality of holes at central locations of the pits; using the second layer as a shadow mask when depositing a third layer at an angle, covering a part of the first material with said third material at the central locations, and etching the exposed parts of the first layer using the third layer as a protective layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are drug delivery systems and methods for extravascular administration of drug, vaccine, and/or diagnostic agents, for use in research and medical applications.

Abstract: A solid hydrogen reaction system and method of liberating hydrogen gas includes the utilization of a reactor having a body that defines a reaction chamber, having a first narrow end and a second wider end such that the reactor has an increasing cross-sectional area from the first end toward the second end, for facilitating a reaction to liberate hydrogen gas stored in a hydrogen storage solid located within the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A process for recovering carbonized lignin having a defined grain size distribution from a lignin-containing liquid is provided. The lignin-containing liquid is subjected to a hydrothermal carbonization to convert the lignin into a carbonized lignin and the carbonized lignin is separated from the liquid containing the carbonized lignin. The lignin-containing liquid is subjected to a hydrothermal carbonization at temperatures in the range from about 150° C. to about 280° C. and by adapting the H+ ion concentration in the lignin-containing liquid before and/or during the hydrothermal carbonization the grain size distribution of the carbonized lignin is adjusted.

Abstract: The present invention discloses single-walled carbon nanotubes horizontal arrays with ultra-high density and the preparation method. The method comprises the following steps: loading a catalyst on a single crystal growth substrate; after annealing, introducing hydrogen into a chemical vapor deposition system to conduct a reduction reaction of the catalyst; and maintaining the introduction of the hydrogen to conduct the orientated growth of a single-walled carbon nanotube. The density of the ultra-high density single-walled carbon nanotube horizontal array obtained by this method exceeds 130 tubes/micrometer, and an electrical performance test is performed on the prepared ultra-high density single-walled carbon nanotube horizontal array shows a high on-current density of 380 ?A/?m, and the transconductance of 102.5 ?S/?m.

Abstract: Inter-allotropic transformations of carbon are provided using moderate conditions including alternating voltage pulses and modest temperature elevation. By controlling the pulse magnitude, small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes are transformed into larger-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes of different morphologies, and multi-layered graphene nanoribbons.

Abstract: Disclosed is an activated carbon including pores formed on a surface thereof, in particular, the pores include ultra-micropores having a diameter that is equal to or less than about 1.0 nm.

Abstract: A method of making activated carbon including: compressing a mixture of carbonaceous source material and an alkali source material into a first solid form; and activating the first solid form to a form an activated carbon having a second solid form.

Abstract: 1. The present invention relates to a method for the purification of halogenated oligosilanes as a pure compound or mixture of compounds each having at least one direct Si—Si bond, the substituents thereof being exclusively halogen or halogen and hydrogen, and the composition thereof being an atom ratio of substituent:silicon of at least 3:2, by the action of at least one purification agent on the halogenated oligosilane and isolation of the halogenated oligosilane with improved purity. 2.1. In the prior art, halogenated monosilanes such as HSiCl3 are purified by treatment with preferably polymeric organic compounds containing amino groups, and are separated out from these mixtures. This method cannot be used for halogenated oligosilanes because of the contained amino groups, since secondary reactions would lead to decomposition of the products. The new method should provide the desired products in high yield and purity without amino groups being used. 2.2.

Abstract: In an embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a composition comprising a zeolite with high silica content. In some embodiments, the silica to aluminum ratio (SAR) for the zeolite is 2:1. In some embodiments, the zeolite comprises Zeolite HOU-2 (LTA-type). In some embodiments, the silica to aluminum ratio (SAR) for the zeolite is >3. In some embodiments, the zeolite comprises Zeolite HOU-3 (FAU type). In some embodiments, the zeolite is synthesized using a one-step method. In some embodiments, the zeolite is synthesized without the use of an organic structure-directing agent (OSDA). In some embodiments, the zeolite is synthesized without the use of post-synthesis dealumination. In some embodiments, the zeolite is synthesized without the use crystal seeds. In some embodiments, the zeolite is used in commercial ion exchange. In some embodiments, the zeolite is used for catalysis reaction. In some embodiments, the zeolite is highly thermostable.

Abstract: A method for preparing ?-calcium sulfate hemihydrate with calcium sulfate dihydrate includes steps of: uniformly mixing the calcium sulfate dihydrate with an additive solution, and obtaining a mixture, wherein weight percentages of the calcium sulfate dihydrate and the additive solution in the mixture are respectively 90.00-95.00% and 5.00-10.00%, and the additive solution contains water, inorganic salt, organic salt, organic acid, surfactant, and seed crystal; rising a temperature of the mixture to 130-150° C., keeping for 20-120 minutes, and the calcium sulfate dihydrate in the mixture transforming to the ?-calcium sulfate hemihydrate; drying the mixture after reaction at 105-160° C., and thereafter obtaining ?-calcium sulfate hemihydrate product. The used calcium sulfate dihydrate can be natural raw materials and industrial by-products. The industrial by-products can be directly applied.

Abstract: A cleaning module (10) for cleaning a media flow of a first medium contaminated with a second medium that has a housing (12) having an inlet (18) and an outlet (20, 21) and a replaceable filter element (30) arranged within the housing (12). In this arrangement, a flow direction (32) of the media flow is directed through the filter element (30) in the specified installed state against the force of gravity. The filter element (30) has an absorptive and/or adsorptive material (34) for picking up at least a portion of the second medium in the first medium. A filter element for the cleaning module (10) and a filter system (100) having the cleaning module (10) are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and system for separating a suspension into solid and fluid components. The suspension is centrifuged about a substantially vertical axis of rotation to concentrate solid components in a first lower flow stream and fluid components in a first upper flow stream. The first upper flow stream may be centrifuged about a substantially vertical axis of rotation to concentrate solid components in a second lower flow stream and fluid components in a second upper flow stream. The first lower flow stream, the second lower flow stream, or both, may be centrifuged about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation to separate water from stackable dry tailings. The method and system may be applied to separation of tailings or other suspensions.

Abstract: The filter medium is a filter medium which uses a liquid containing oil and water as a separation target, and has a channel for the liquid. The filter medium includes a base constituting the channel, and one or more of nitrogen-containing fluorine compounds which are provided on at least a portion of a surface of the channel. The nitrogen-containing fluorine compound includes an oil-repellency imparting group and any one hydrophilicity imparting group selected from a group consisting of an anion type, a cation type, and an amphoteric type, in a molecule.