Abstract: The present invention discloses a full voltage segmented linear constant-current LED drive circuit in an auto switchover mode, comprising a minimum two groups of LEDs in parallel connection in proper sequence and a voltage detection and control circuit used for detection of power voltage; positive terminal of each group of LEDs is directly connected or indirectly connected to the power source via the change-over switch; negative terminal of each group of LEDs is grounded via corresponding control switch; wherein, one group of LEDs comprises a minimum two groups of LED units in series connection in proper sequence; negative terminal of each LED unit is grounded via corresponding control switch; the change-over switch and control switch are connected to and controlled by the voltage detection and control circuit to change inter-group parallel connection mode and ON/OFF of different LED units.

Abstract: A solid-state light source (SSLS) with an integrated electronic modulator is described. A device can include a SSLS having an active p-n junction region is formed within the SSLS for electron-hole pair recombination and light emission. the active p-n junction region can include a n-type semiconductor layer, a p-type semiconductor layer and a light generating structure formed there between. A pair of current supply electrodes can be formed to receive a drive current from a current supply source that drives the SSLS. A field-effect transistor (FET) modulator can be monolithically integrated with the SSLS for modulation thereof. The FET modulator can receive a modulation voltage from a modulation voltage source. The modulation voltage includes voltage pulses having a pulse amplitude and polarity to turn on and off current flowing through the FET modulator. These voltage pulses enable the FET modulator to control the drive current supplied to the SSLS.

Abstract: The invention describes an LED lighting system (1) comprising a wireless communication arrangement (11, 12) for wireless transfer of signals (D10_11, D11_12, D4_12, D5_12) between devices (10, 11, 12, 4, 5) of the LED lighting system (1); at least one LED lamp (10) connectable to a mains power supply (2), which LED lamp (10) comprises a driver arrangement (100) with a control unit (102) for controlling the LED lamp (10) according to a received signal (D10_11); a phase-cut detector (103A, 103B, 103C) realized to detect a phase-cut input (Vcut) to the LED lamp (10); and a protection circuit (106) realized to prevent operation of the LED lamp (10) with the phase-cut input (Vcut) if the phase-cut angle of the phase-cut input (Vcut) exceeds a critical threshold, wherein said protection circuit (106) is adapted to prevent an exposure of the LED lamp to the phase-cut input. The invention further describes an LED lamp (10) comprising a driver arrangement (100); and a method of controlling an LED lighting system (1).

Abstract: A signal transmitting device includes an input unit, an output unit, and a step-down circuit. The input unit is configured to receive an input voltage. The output unit is configured to output an output voltage. The step-down circuit is configured to controllably adjust the output voltage by stepping down the input voltage. The step-down circuit includes first and second capacitors, a switch circuit, an inductor, first and second diodes, and a control circuit. The switch circuit includes a series circuit of first and second switches. The control circuit is configured to control the first and second switches to change a voltage value of the output voltage in order to transmit transmission data from the output unit.

Abstract: Illumination devices with improved color mixing optics are disclosed herein for mixing the colors produced by a multi-colored LED emitter module to produce uniform color throughout the entire beam angle of the output light beam, along with smoother edges and improved center beam intensity. Embodiments disclosed herein include a unique arrangement of multi-color LEDs within an emitter module, a unique exit lens with different patterns of lenslets on opposing sides of the lens, and other associated optical features that thoroughly mix the different color components, and as such, provide uniform color across the output beam exiting the illumination device. Additional embodiments disclosed herein include a unique arrangement of photodetectors within the primary optics structure of the LED emitter module that ensure the optical feedback system properly measures the light produced by all similarly colored emission LEDs.

Abstract: The invention provides an interconnected string of three LED modules, having internal and external connections such that each LED in the string is fully individually addressable. LED biases and interconnects are oriented and configured such that individual addressability is achieved without the need for direct external signal connections to each LED in the string. Consequently embodiments are provided comprising pluralities of strings, arranged so as to form an array of LED modules, wherein wiring tracks running beneath, or along the intermediary spaces between, rows of LEDs are not required. Hence are provided LED devices comprising an array of individually addressable LED modules, having reduced spacing between rows and columns, and having optimal thermal path perpendicularly across the substrate layer. Provided devices have improved heat dissipation and greater achievable LED array density.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (“LED”) module is disclosed. The LED module includes a first LED tap and a second LED tap, the first tap being powered on for a longer amount of time than the second LED tap, based on an alternating current voltage. The LED module also includes a first LED package on which a first LED associated with the first LED tap and a second LED associated with the second LED tap are disposed. The LED module further includes a second LED package on which a third LED associated with the first LED tap and a fourth LED associated with the second LED tap are disposed.

Abstract: A driver device (24) for driving a load (18), in particular a light unit comprising one or more LED's is presented. The driver device comprises input terminals (20, 22) for connecting the driver device to an external electrical power supply (12) and for receiving an input voltage (V10). The driver device further comprises a power converter unit (26) connected to the input terminals for converting the input voltage to a drive voltage (V20) and/or a drive current (120) for powering the load and a control unit (28) connected to the power converter unit for controlling an electrical power provided by the power converter unit to the load.

Abstract: A control circuit for an LED driving circuit having a rectifier and a power transistor for driving an LED load, can include: a control signal regulation circuit configured to control a driving voltage of the power transistor to vary with a rectifier output voltage to control the variation of a current flowing through the power transistor to be consistent with that of the rectifier output voltage to decrease a power loss of the power transistor; and the control signal regulation circuit being configured to control the driving voltage of the power transistor to vary with the rectifier output voltage to control the variation of the current flowing through the power transistor to be opposite to that of the rectifier output voltage to improve a power factor of the LED driving circuit.

Abstract: A low-voltage DC lighting system with identification addresses, comprising a smart controller, a terminal controller, a plurality of digital control switches connected with a low-voltage DC power supply through the terminal controller and controlled by the terminal controller and low-voltage DC lamps connected with each of the digital control switches respectively, each one of the smart controller and the terminal controller has a unique code, a storage space and an own CPU respectively, the terminal controller has a network interface connected to the smart controller, and the terminal controller exchanges information with the smart controller through the network interface, the smart controllers are also connected with each other via network interfaces, and the smart controller stores the identification addresses of every low-voltage DC lamps controlled by the terminal controller; the terminal controller comprises a network information receiving and transmitting module, a terminal calculating module and a lig

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling a light emitting diode (LED) system having a plurality of LED arrays are provided. The lighting system can include a dimmable LED driver circuit configured to provide a driver output suitable for providing a driver current to the LED arrays. A current splitter circuit can be provided between the LED driver circuit and the plurality of LED arrays to control the ratio of current from the driver output provided to each of the plurality of LED arrays. The current splitter circuit can be configured to control the current ratio provided to the plurality of LED arrays independently of the driver output according to a current ratio control curve based at least in part on a variable reference signal provided at the current splitter circuit.

Abstract: An LED arrangement comprising at least one LED, which receives an LED illumination voltage in accordance with a square-wave signal, wherein the brightness of the LED is dependent on the ambient luminosity, which is measured by means of the LED, which is switched in a non-illuminated state as a light sensor. The at least one LED is arranged together with a first and a second transistor in a bridge circuit such that the first transistor applies the LED illumination voltage to the LED in accordance with the square-wave signal, and the second transistor applies a voltage having inverted polarity as the LED illumination voltage to the LED in intervals of the turned-off times of the LED, wherein the duty cycle of the square-wave signal is dependent on the strength of a photocurrent, which flows through the LED when the voltage having inverted polarity is applied thereto.

Abstract: A control circuit for a light emitting diode (LED) lighting system for achieving a dim-to-warm effect is provided. The control circuit includes an LED controller, a clamp circuit coupled to a set of warm correlated-color-temperature (“CCT”) LEDs, a switch coupled to a set of cool LEDs, and a feedback circuit coupled to the clamp and the switch. The LED controller is configured to control the clamp circuit to clamp current through the set of warm LEDs based on the input current, and control the switch to switch on the set of cool LEDs responsive to the input current being greater than a first threshold level and to switch off the set of cool LEDs responsive to the input current being lower than the first threshold level. The feedback circuit is configured to divert current from the set of warm LEDs to the set of cool LEDs.

Abstract: A surgical lamp for illuminating a surgical field on a human body is provided. The surgical lamp comprises a control device (4), a lamp body (1) comprising several illuminants (3) with one respective light ray (I, II, II?) directed to the surgical field, and a 3D sensor (6) for detecting a spatial position of at least one object, and a device for switching on and off and dimming the illuminants (3), wherein the control device (4) controls the devices for switching on and off and dimming the illuminants (3), the 3D sensor (6) detects the spatial positon of the at least one object and transmits corresponding data to the control device (4), and the control device (4) is configured to control the illuminants (3) according to the spatial position of the at least one object.

Abstract: An anti-flicker and anti-glow switchable load apparatus to be installed in the light socket of a commonly powered electronic switching device, such as a motion activated light switch. An energy efficient light bulb or lamp, such as a cathode fluorescent lamp or light emitting diode is then screwed into the apparatus. A first embodiment of the present invention includes a switchable light source, a switchable load, a controller, and a voltage sensor. When the present invention in the first embodiment detects a higher voltage, thus indicating the lamp has been switched from the “off” state to the on state, the switchable load is disconnected, and the current is re-routed to pass through the energy efficient lamp.

Abstract: A lifestyle lighting solution using a controller with program codes for managing night time illumination is disclosed; wherein the night time illumination is divided into at least two illumination modes including a regular illumination mode for providing early evening illumination and an user friendly illumination mode for providing a mid night illumination with a soft on process to avoid or mitigate an eye irritating hardship. The conversion time point to switch from a regular illumination mode to an user friendly illumination mode is controlled by a timer configured in an external control device. The timer is programmed to operate one of three time setting methods including an anytime setting method, a fixed time point setting method and a fixed time period method.

Abstract: Lighting units, lighting systems, and methods are described herein for automatic and decentralized commissioning of a replacement lighting unit (140, 150, 250). In various embodiments, a replacement lighting unit may receive, from one or more remote lighting units over one or more communication networks, one or more identifiers associated with the one or more remote lighting units. The replacement lighting unit may also receive, from at least one of the one or more remote lighting units over the one or more communication networks, the lighting operation parameters associated with an inoperative lighting unit. The replacement lighting unit may then selectively energize one or more light sources (258) associated with the replacement lighting unit to emit light having one or more properties indicated in the lighting operation parameters associated with the inoperative lighting unit.

Abstract: A method (and system) is for monitoring a lighting system. Physical location information is received in respect of each lighting unit of the system. Supply voltage information is also received in respect of each lighting unit. Based on the physical location of each lighting unit and the supply voltage information, power network information is derived which identifies cable routes between the lighting units and the locations of lighting cabinets along the cable routes.

Abstract: A lighting system is disclosed which provides dynamic lighting control of each light on a rail lighting system. The lighting system is able to change settings of each light within a track lighting or rail lighting system based on motion, user preferences, lighting conditions, or security parameters. Light intensity and color can be set and scheduled based on user control and programming. Optical sensors may also be used to provide control input for the track lighting or rail lighting.

Abstract: A luminaire includes a body case and a lighting device mounted on the body case. The lighting device includes: a power generator which generates electric power upon being pressed when the lighting device having a light source is mounted onto the body case; a wireless module which performs wireless communication; and a controller connected to the power generator. When the lighting device is mounted onto the body case, the controller transmits identification information by which the lighting device is identified, via the wireless module using the electric power generated by the power generator.

Abstract: Technology is described for electronically aligning a central ray of an x-ray tube to a radiation detector. In an example, an x-ray system includes an x-ray tube and a tube control unit (TCU). The x-ray tube includes a cathode that includes an electron emitter configured to emit an electron beam, an anode configured to receive the electron beam and generate x-rays with a central ray from electrons of the electron beam colliding on a focal spot of the anode, and a steering magnetic multipole between the cathode and the anode that is configured to produce a steering magnetic field from a steering signal. At least two poles of the steering magnetic multipole are on opposite sides of the electron beam. The TCU includes at least one steering driver configured to generate the steering signal. The TCU is configured to convert an offset value to the steering signal.

Abstract: Technology is described for calibrating a deflected position of a central ray of an x-ray tube to a radiation imager. An x-ray system includes an x-ray tube and a tube control unit (TCU). The x-ray tube includes a cathode that includes an electron emitter configured to emit an electron beam, an anode configured to receive the electron beam and generate x-rays with a central ray from electrons of the electron beam colliding on a focal spot of the anode, and a steering magnetic multipole between the cathode and the anode that is configured to produce a steering magnetic field from a steering signal. At least two poles of the steering magnetic multipole are on opposite sides of the electron beam. The TCU includes at least one steering driver configured to generate the steering signal. The TCU is configured to convert a position correction value to the steering signal.

Abstract: An X-ray device may comprise a timer for monitoring a nonoperation time, such as a time from a previous signal input to a control circuit to the next input signal. When the timer detects that the nonoperation time has exceeded a preset time, the control circuit controls the contactors and so as to turn off the contactors. The standby power of the X-ray device when the frequency of use during the nonoperation time is low can be reduced. Further, when the next signal is input to the control circuit, the control circuit controls the contactors so as to close the contactors, thereby restoring power supply. Therefore, when the next signal is input to the control circuit, the X-ray device is turned to a usable state.

Abstract: A micro-hollow cathode discharge device. The device includes a first electrode layer comprising a first electrode. A hole is disposed in the first electrode layer. The device also includes a dielectric layer having a first surface that is disposed on the first electrode layer. The hole continues from the first electrode layer through the dielectric layer. The device also includes a semi-conducting layer disposed on a second surface of the dielectric layer opposite the first surface. The semi-conducting layer is a semiconductor material that spans across the hole such that the hole terminates at the semi-conducting layer. The device also includes a second electrode layer disposed on the semi-conducting layer opposite the dielectric layer.

Abstract: The invention comprises a process for obtaining a gas from a fluid fuel and an oxidising fluid, said process comprising steps in which the incoming fluid is subjected to temperature, photocatalytic action and reaction with catalysts, all this within a device with a tubular structure which the incoming fluid circulates through in a spiral manner, between a fixed bed attached to the walls of the duct and a circulating bed with an ionised gas stream that occupies a central position of the duct, producing a gas obtained.

Abstract: A continuous, thin layer of neutron source material, for example solid lithium, is formed into a belt. The belt is continuously advanced in front of a proton source to generate neutrons from the lithium target. Additionally, the belt is continuously cooled, as it passes through a gas cooling section. Through the continuous motion and cooling of the lithium target, the belt can provide an effective neutron source without melting the target neutron source material.

Abstract: An accelerator 4 includes a circular vacuum container including circular return yokes 5A, 5B. An injection electrode 18 is disposed closer to an inlet of a beam extraction path 20 in the return yoke 5B than a central axis C of the vacuum container. Magnetic poles 7A to 7F are radially disposed from the injection electrode 18 at the periphery of the injection electrode 18 in the return yoke 5B. Recessions 29A to 29F are disposed alternately with the magnetic poles 7A to 7F in the circumferential direction of the return yoke 5B. In the vacuum container, a concentric trajectory region, in which multiple beam turning trajectories centered around the injection electrode 18 are present, is formed, and an eccentric trajectory region, in which multiple beam turning trajectories eccentric from the injection electrode 18 are present, is formed around the region.

Abstract: According to an example, an air dielectric printed circuit board (PCB) may include a first PCB layer including a first substrate and a first conductive layer formed of a first conductive material, and a second PCB layer including a second substrate and a second conductive layer formed of a second conductive material. The second conductive layer may be disposed in a directly facing configuration relative to the first conductive layer, and at a predetermined distance away from the first conductive layer to provide an air dielectric gap between the first and second conductive layers. The air dielectric PCB may further include a standoff that includes a first end and a second end that is opposite to the first end. The standoff may be attached to the first and second PCB layers respectively at the first and second ends thereof, and may include a predetermined length to maintain the predetermined distance.

Abstract: A circuit structure includes an electronic component, a circuit board having a conductive path, the electronic component being mounted on the circuit board, a heat dissipation member on top of which the circuit board is placed and which dissipates heat of the circuit board, a sheet-like spacer sheet provided in a predetermined region between the circuit board and the heat dissipation member, and a bonding portion for bonding the circuit board and the heat dissipation member to each other, the bonding portion having adhesive properties or tackiness and being provided in a region between the circuit board and the heat dissipation member where the spacer sheet is not provided.

Abstract: An electrical connector assembly includes a first electrically conductive contact member and a second electrically conductive contact member. Both contact members have non-planar interface surfaces. The second interface surface is complimentary to the first interface surface. Magnetic field concentrators are spaced apart to concentrate a magnetic field in a zone. The magnetic field is associated with electric current carried by the electrical connector assembly. A flexible circuit carrier has openings to receive the magnetic field concentrators. The flexible circuit carrier comprises a flexible dielectric layer and a conductive traces. A magnetic field sensor is mounted on the flexible circuit carrier in the zone.

Abstract: A circuit board, on which a packaged semiconductor integrated circuit is to be mounted, includes a substrate, a heat-dissipating connection pad, and a first open area. The substrate includes a substrate body having a main surface, a metal layer located on the main surface, and an insulating layer located on the metal layer. In the heat-dissipating connection pad, the metal layer is exposed from an opening in the insulating layer. The heat-dissipating connection pad is connectable to a heat-dissipating unit of the semiconductor integrated circuit via a bond. In the first open area, the metal layer is exposed from an opening in the insulating layer located outboard with respect to a periphery of the heat-dissipating connection pad.

Abstract: An electronic transfer card is provided, including a bottom shell, an upper cover located above the bottom shell, and an accommodating cavity formed by enclosing the bottom shell and the upper cover and provided with a socket and a window, a first and second plastic component are arranged in the accommodating cavity, the first plastic component is clamped in the bottom shell and provided with a plurality of first connecting terminals capable of electrically contacting with a clip piece, the second plastic component is partly overlapped in the first plastic component, the first plastic component is provided with a plurality of second connecting terminals electrically contacting with the clip piece and an electric conduction portion capable of performing information transmission to an external electronic component, and electric conduction portion is electrically communicated with each of the second connecting terminals; an electronic device is further provided, comprising the above transfer card.

Abstract: A printed circuit body includes a bus bar as a metal member electrically connected with a connected body, an insulator layer providing insulation properties, and a conductor layer formed across the metal member and the insulator layer and electrically connected with the metal member. The metal member and the insulator layer are positioned such that a metal-member side connected surface of the metal member on which the conductor layer is provided and an insulator-layer side connected surface of the insulator layer on which the conductor layer is provided are positioned at an identical plane. This configuration allows connection between the bus bar and the conductor layer and circuit formation to be simultaneously achieved at manufacturing of the printed circuit body, thereby facilitating formation of a wiring structure of the bus bar and the conductor layer.

Abstract: An electronic device disclosed herein includes a first conductor layer, a first nonconducting layer, and a second conductor layer in a stacked arrangement. A signal carrying conductive via is formed in the first nonconducting layer and extends between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. A shielding conductive via is formed in the first nonconducting layer, is not electrically coupled to the signal carrying conductive via, and substantially completely surrounds the signal carrying conductive via in spaced apart relation thereto.

Abstract: A multiple-layer circuit board has a signaling layer, an exterior layer, and a ground layer. A pair of differential signal lines implemented as strip lines are within the signaling layer, and propagate electromagnetic interference (EMI) along the signaling layer. An element conductively extends inwards from the exterior layer, and as an antenna radiates the EMI propagated by the strip lines along the signaling layer outwards from the circuit board. A defected ground structure within the ground layer has a size, shape, and a location in relation to the element to suppress the EMI propagated by the strip lines to minimize the EMI that the element radiates outwards as the antenna.

Abstract: A design for printed circuit board with reduced susceptibility to common-mode noise includes a first substrate, a differential pair of signal lines with two differential transmission lines laid on the first substrate, a second substrate, a metal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a grounding layer The second substrate is located between the second substrate and the grounding layer, and a conductive structure is located in the second substrate and couples the metal layer to the grounding layer. A length of the metal layer is substantially equal to a length of each of the two differential transmission lines.

Abstract: A wiring board includes a first wire, a second wire, a third wire and a fourth wire formed over a substrate and extending in a first direction respectively, the second wire being adjacent to the first wire in the first direction, and the third wire being adjacent to the first wire in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the fourth wire being adjacent to the second wire in the second direction, a pair of fifth wires, a pair of sixth wires, a pair of seventh wires and a pair of eighth wires formed in the substrate and extending in the second direction respectively, a pair of ninth signal vias, a pair of tenth signal vias, a pair of eleventh signal vias and a pair of twelfth signal vias formed in the substrate and extending in a third direction orthogonal to a surface of the substrate respectively.

Abstract: A resin substrate includes an insulating base material in which conductive particles are mixed with resin, and conductor patterns provided on the principal surfaces of the insulating base material. When a length at a position at which a distance between two conductor patterns that are adjacent to each other without directly electrically connecting to each other on the same principal surface of the insulating base material is smallest is indicated by L1 and a length at a position at which a distance between two conductor patterns that face each other without directly electrically connecting to each other between the different principal surfaces of insulating base materials is smallest is indicated by L2, L1 is larger than or equal to L2 (L1 L2).

Abstract: Some example forms relate to an electronic package. The electronic package includes a first dielectric layer that includes an electrical trace formed on a surface of the first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer on the surface of the first dielectric layer. The second dielectric layer includes an opening. The electrical trace is within the opening. The electronic package includes an electrical interconnect that fills the opening and extends above an upper surface of the second dielectric layer such that the electrically interconnect is electrically connected to the electrical trace on the first dielectric layer.

Abstract: A flexible laminated sheet manufacturing method includes thermocompression-bonding an insulation film formed of a liquid crystal polymer onto a metal foil between endless belts to form a flexible laminated sheet. The thermocompression bonding includes heating the flexible laminated sheet so that the maximum temperature of the sheet is in the range from a temperature that is 45° C. lower than the melting point of the liquid crystal polymer to a temperature that is 5° C. lower than the melting point. The thermocompression bonding also includes slowly cooling the flexible laminated sheet so that an exit temperature, which is a temperature of the sheet when transferred out of the endless belts, is in the range from a temperature that is 235° C. lower than the melting point of the liquid crystal polymer to a temperature that is 100° C. lower than the melting point.

Abstract: A multi-layer circuit board includes a first circuit board, multiple conducting blocks, a second circuit board, and multiple conducting recesses. The first circuit board has a first conductor layer formed thereon. The conducting blocks are mounted on the first circuit board and electrically connected to the first conductor layer. The second circuit board has a second conductor layer mounted thereon and facing the first circuit board. The conducting recesses are formed in the surface of the second circuit board. Each conducting recess has a conducting layer electrically connected to the second conductor layer. When the conducting blocks are mounted in the conducting recesses, the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer are electrically connected through the conducting blocks and the conducting recesses. As can be separated from the first circuit board for test of the two conductor layers, the yield of the second circuit board is enhanced.

Abstract: A thermal overload device containing a polymer composite, which contains at least one polymer and a modified graphite oxide material, containing thermally exfoliated graphite oxide having a surface area of from about 300 m2/g to 2600 m2/g, and a method of making the same.

Abstract: A printed circuit board is provided. The board includes a plurality of vias through the printed circuit board, each having a first section with a first width, a second section with a second width less than the first width, and a third section with a third width greater than the second width and less than the first width. The second section is located between the first section and the third section, the first and second sections are plated, and the third section lacks plating. At least one of the plurality of vias has the first width dimensioned to receive a connector pin inserted through the first face. A further at least one of the plurality of vias has the first width dimensioned to receive a further connector pin inserted through the second face. Further versions of the printed circuit board and method of making a printed circuit board are provided.

Abstract: A method for producing a flexible printed circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a through-hole formation step of preparing a base material including a base film having insulating properties and flexibility and a pair of metal films stacked on both surface sides of the base film, and forming a through-hole in the metal film on a front surface side of the base material and the base film; a filling step of stacking, by electroplating on a front surface of the base material, stacking a conductive material on a surface of the metal film on the front surface side to form a conductive material layer and to fill the through-hole with the conductive material; and a removal step of removing, by etching the front surface of the base material, a surface layer of the conductive material layer stacked on the surface of the metal film on the front surface side and a surface layer of the conductive material filling the through-hole.

Abstract: A through wiring substrate comprises a substrate having a pair of principal surfaces and a through hole penetrating between the pair of principal surfaces, the pair of principal surfaces and an inner surface of the through hole being electrically insulative; a through electrode provided on the inner surface of the through hole; a first wiring layer provided on one of the principal surfaces and connected to the through electrode; a second wiring layer provided on the other of the principal surfaces and connected to the through electrode; an underlying metal layer provided between the one of the principal surfaces and the first wiring layer; and catalyst metal particles existing between the underlying metal layer and the first wiring layer and between the through electrode and the inner surface of the through hole.

Abstract: A method for producing a wired circuit board, including an insulating layer having a first through portion passing through in a thickness direction thereof and a first terminal portion having a second through portion overlapped with the first through portion when projected in the thickness direction, includes the steps of providing a first bonding material at one surface in the thickness direction of the first terminal portion and allowing the first bonding material to flow from the one surface in the thickness direction of the first terminal portion toward the other surface in the thickness direction thereof into the second through portion by allowing the first bonding material to flow.

Abstract: A curved display device includes a semiconductor chip package including a base film, a plurality of driving chips on the base film, and an input wire unit and an output wire unit connected to the driving chips, a printed circuit board (PCB) connected to the input wire unit of the semiconductor chip package, and a display panel including a display unit and a pad unit connected to the output wire unit of the semiconductor chip package, wherein the display panel, the semiconductor chip package, and the PCB are bendable in a first direction, and the driving chips of the of the semiconductor chip package are separated from each other in the first direction.

Abstract: A tubular solid state lighting device is disclosed having a light transmissive tube. A flexible carrier strip having a first portion attached to an inner wall section of the tube, and comprises an elongate major surface and a further elongate major surface opposite the elongate major surface. The elongate major surface carries a plurality of solid state lighting elements on the first portion and a plurality of electrically conductive contacts on adjacent terminal regions separated by a recess at one end. The flexible carrier strip is soldered to a rigid printed circuit board comprising a first major surface onto which a driver circuit for the solid state lighting elements is mounted facing the flexible carrier strip and a second major surface opposite the first major surface carrying a plurality of spatially separated soldering pads along an edge of the second major surface.

Abstract: A control circuit board includes first and second elements on each surface of a board member. The first and the second elements respectively have first and third edge portions, which are opposite to each other and second and fourth edge portions which are opposite to each other. A plurality of signal input pins are provided to the first edge portion, a plurality of signal output pins are provided to the third edge portion, a plurality of between-element communication input pins are provided to the second edge portion, and a plurality of between-element communication output pins are provided to the fourth edge portion, respectively. A common signal is input to the first and second elements and a communication is performed between the first element and the second element. Loss of control function can be surely prevented while suppressing enlargement of the board and increase of development/production cost.

Abstract: In a device for producing and/or processing a workpiece, in particular circuit boards, in a work station, in particular for printing a corresponding blank or for checking finished circuit boards, at least one mark is provided on the workpiece. In this arrangement, at least one reference, which can be brought into alignment with the mark, is provided in the work station.