Abstract: Systems and methods for the production of malonate in recombinant host cells.

Abstract: The invention includes a process of producing methyl methacrylate or derivatives thereof is described. The process includes the steps of converting 2-butanone to methyl propionate using a Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase, and treating the methyl propionate produced to obtain methyl methacrylate or derivatives thereof. A method of preparing polymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate or its derivatives is also described.

Abstract: The invention concerns a strain of Schizochytrium mangrovei, filed on 22 Nov. 2012 with the CNCM as number I-4702, having the ability to produce a high quantity of docosahexaenoic acid (or DHA) and palmitic acid, the methods for producing the corresponding biomass containing said lipid compounds of interest, and the biomass containing the products and compositions prepared from this strain.

Abstract: This document describes biochemical pathways for producing 6-hydroxyhexanoate methyl ester and hexanoic acid hexyl ester using one or more of a fatty acid O-methyltransferase, an alcohol O-acetyltransferase and a monooxygenase, as well as recombinant hosts expressing one or more of such enzymes. 6-hydroxyhexanoate methyl esters and hexanoic acid hexyl ester can be enzymatically converted to adipic acid, adipate semialdehyde, 6-aminohexanoate, 6-hydroxyhexanoate, hexamethylenediamine, and 1,6-hexanediol.

Abstract: A method of continuously producing 5-aminolevulinic acid employs the photosynthetic bacteria-derived photosynthetic membrane vesicle, succinyl-CoA synthetase, and 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase. The enzymatic synthesis of 5-aminolevulinic acid directly from succinic acid and glycine may be simple, but the synthesis is not inexpensive due to the supply of ATP and CoA, which are relatively expensive reactants. The photosynthetic membrane vesicle is used together with succinyl-CoA synthetase and 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase, thereby enabling the re-use of adenosine diphosphate or CoA in reaction. Accordingly, relatively expensive 5-aminolevulinic acid can be efficiently produced at low manufacturing costs from succinic acid and glycine.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter provides a process for starch liquefaction using at least two classes of ?-amylase enzymes, wherein the starch hydrolysis pattern from at least two of these classes is different. At least one class of enzyme is provided to the liquefaction process in the form of transgenic plant material expressing at least one class of ?-amylase enzyme or is provided in the form of a purified or partially-purified ?-amylase enzyme preparation. The second or subsequent class(es) of ?-amylase enzymes may be provided in the form of additional transgenic plant material expressing the second or subsequent class(es), or may be provided in the form of a second or subsequent purified or partially-purified ?-amylase enzyme preparation.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for ligating single stranded nucleic acids wherein the ligation is based on fast, efficient, and low-sequence bias hybridization of an acceptor molecule with a donor molecule. In one embodiment, the structure of the donor molecule comprises a stem-loop intramolecular nucleotide base pairing (i.e., hairpin) and a 3?-overhang region such that the overhang is able to hybridize to nucleotides present in the 3? end of the acceptor molecule.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to droplets and/or emulsions, such as multiple emulsions. In some cases, the droplets and/or emulsions may be used in assays, and in certain embodiments, the droplet or emulsion may be hardened to form a gel. In some aspects, a heterogeneous assay can be performed using a gel. For example, a droplet may be hardened to form a gel, where the droplet contains a cell, DNA, or other suitable species. The gel may be exposed to a reactant, and the reactant may interact with the gel and/or with the cell, DNA, etc., in some fashion. For example, the reactant may diffuse through the gel, or the hardened particle may liquefy to form a liquid state, allowing the reactant to interact with the cell. As a specific example, DNA contained within a gel particle may be subjected to PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification, e.g., by using PCR primers able to bind to the gel as it forms. As the DNA is amplified using PCR, some of the DNA will be bound to the gel via the PCR primer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a glycoconjugate comprising an oligosaccharide part covalently linked to a non-sugar moiety selected from the group consisting of amino acids, peptides, proteins, lipids, longer alkyl groups, polyethylene glycols, ?,?-unsaturated amido group and polyvinyl alcohols, using a genetically modified cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a molecule of interest in bacteria which is based on a reversible growth arrest of the bacteria at the cellular growth global control system level, thus allowing an improved yield of production of said molecule of interest.

Abstract: Provided are a recombinant strain for preparing a terpenoid, and method for constructing the recombinant strain. Also provided is a recombinant bacterium 1, the recombinant bacterium 1 being a recombinant bacterium obtained in order to improve the enzymatic activity of ?-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in escherichia coli or the mutant thereof. The method for improving the enzymatic activity of ?-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in escherichia coli or the mutant thereof is replacing the original regulating element of the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase gene (sucAB) in escherichia coli or the mutant thereof with any of the following regulating elements: artificial regulating element M 1-46, M1-37, and M1-93. Also provided are a plurality of recombinant bacteria.

Abstract: A test strip, a detecting device, and a detecting method are disclosed. The test strip includes a first specimen path, a first electrode set, a second specimen path, a second electrode set, and a reaction reagent. When the specimen contacts the first electrode set and the second electrode set, a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal are generated for obtaining a flow time of the specimen. When the specimen contacts the reaction reagent, the analyte concentration of the specimen can be obtained, and the concentration of the analyte can be corrected by the flow time.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for detecting and quantifying bacterial spores on a surface. In accordance with the method: a matrix including lanthanide ions is provided on the surface containing the bacterial spores; functionalized aromatic molecules are released from the bacterial spores on the surface; a complex of the lanthanide ion and the aromatic molecule is formed on the surface; the complex of the lanthanide ion and the aromatic molecule is excited to generate a characteristic luminescence of the complex on the surface; and the bacterial spores exhibiting the luminescence of the complex on the surface are detected and quantified.

Abstract: The present invention provides an assay for detection of oxidized glutathione (GSSG).

Abstract: The invention discloses isolated endotoxemia marker polynucleotides selected from any one of 163 different polynucleotide sequences, or variants thereof. Endotoxemia related conditions are diagnosed in a test subject by aberrant expression of at least one of the endotoxemia markers or variants thereof. Of practical use, is the early diagnosis of disease, determining those animals at risk of developing endotoxemia, monitoring of an animals immune response to the disease and the enablement of better treatments. Of particular interest is the diagnosis of laminitis in hoofed animals, including horses.

Abstract: Disclosed are biomolecule based bioprobes that exhibit improved water solubility and mono layer-forming properties with substantially little or no aggregation that can appreciably interfere with binding of the bioprobes to a target nucleotide. The bioprobes may be used in conjunction with a suitable reporter system to detect very small quantities of biological markers. The bio-probes comprise a nucleobase sequence capable of hybridizing to a target nucleotide; and at least one charged functional group attached to said nucleobase sequence. Also disclosed are biosensors, and sensing devices that comprise the bin-probe. Further disclosed are suitable electrochemical reporter systems for use with the bioprobes. Methods of use of these devices and probes, including for the detection of target biomarkers, including biomarkers for cancer cells or pathogens, are also included.

Abstract: Methods, compositions, and kits comprising target-specific oligonucleotides (TSOs) are disclosed herein. Methods, compositions, and kits comprising target-specific oligonucleotides (TSOs) can be used to attach adapters and/or linkers to target RNAs. Methods, compositions, and kits comprising target-specific oligonucleotides (TSOs) can be used in reactions, including, but not limited to, ligation reactions, amplification reactions, and sequencing reactions. Additionally, methods, compositions, and kits comprising target-specific oligonucleotides (TSOs) can be used for reducing and/or preventing the formation of secondary structures in target RNAs. These methods, compositions, and kits can also find use in a number of applications, for example, any application that benefits from stabilizing primary RNA structure, such as detecting and quantifying target RNAs in a sample, in the construction of small RNA libraries, in microarray and RT-qPCR applications, etc.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for use in connection with the performance of the polymerase chain reaction are provided. An exemplary sample processing module is described that includes a sample assembly and a PCR assembly, the sample processing module being configured to hold the sample therein at a pressure higher than ambient pressure. A sample is added to the sample assembly at the time of use, which is then connected to the PCR assembly. Embodiments of the cartridge include a flow restriction device that enables or aids in creating a higher pressure within the reaction vial. The sample is introduced into a PCR reaction vial, which contains all of the constituents of a PCR reaction mixture that are necessary to process the sample and provide amplified DNA of interest, if that DNA was present in the sample.

Abstract: A heating mechanism for use in DNA applications such as DNA amplification, extraction and sterilization is provided. Nanoparticles having photo-thermal properties are put in contact with a reaction mixture and irradiated with an activation light beam to activate these photo-thermal properties, thereby releasing heat. Nanoparticles of several types may be used. Use of the same nanoparticles or of different one to monitor the reaction using a different light beam is also presented.

Abstract: Provided herein are microfluidic circuits that include at least one device for forming a quantity of drops of a solution in a carrier fluid and at least one storage zone for storing drops produced by the microfluidic device. Such microfluidic circuits are useful, for example, for the analysis of a solution containing a biological sample.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for amplifying selected polynucleotides, including DNA and RNA, particularly in multiplex amplification reactions using common primers amplification. Generally, methods of the invention employ multiple steps such as template-specific hybridization, a linear amplification, partial degradation of nucleic acid, and ligation. At the end of the process the sequences of selected polynucleotides are flanked by the common sequences which can be used for exponential amplification using common primers. In some aspects the polynucleotides are associated with a barcode and the presence of the barcode is detected to measure the amount of the polynucleotide.

Abstract: A cartridge for assay of a target nucleic acid sequence in a liquid sample. The cartridge comprises: a fluidic portion through which the sample flows and in which nucleic acid amplification and detection takes place; a pneumatic portion which controls flow through the fluidic portion; and at least two electrodes which provide a potential difference for the detection of an amplified nucleic acid of interest.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a two-stage reaction and detection tube comprises a first tube, a second tube and a connector. The first tube comprises a detection space for placing a dipstick and a detection space for the test result. The second tube comprises a storing space for the PCR or RT-PCR reagents and the target gene segments. The connector comprises a first portion and a second portion which connect to the first tube and the second tube respectively. The connector further comprises a diversion unit, a liquid collection space, and a dipstick fixing space, where the liquid collection space is connected to the dipstick fixing space. The target gene amplification and detection could be directly processed in the same tube without any liquid transfer.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and kits are disclosed for high-sensitivity single molecule digital counting by the stochastic labeling of a collection of identical molecules by attachment of a diverse set of labels. Each copy of a molecule randomly chooses from a non-depleting reservoir of diverse labels. Detection may be by a variety of methods including hybridization based or sequencing. Molecules that would otherwise be identical in information content can be labeled to create a separately detectable product that is unique or approximately unique in a collection. This stochastic transformation relaxes the problem of counting molecules from one of locating and identifying identical molecules to a series of binary digital questions detecting whether preprogrammed labels are present. The methods may be used, for example, to estimate the number of separate molecules of a given type or types within a sample.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and systems for sequencing and constructing a high resolution physical map of a polynucleotide. In accordance with the invention, nucleotide sequences are determined at the ends of restriction fragments produced by a plurality of digestions with a plurality of combinations of restriction endonucleases so that a pair of nucleotide sequences is obtained for each restriction fragment. A physical map of the polynucleotide is constructed by ordering the pairs of sequences by matching the identical sequences among the pairs.

Abstract: Methods for predicting a disease free time interval (DFI) for a cancer patient under consideration for initial or further chemotherapy treatment are disclosed. The methods include obtaining a biological sample from a patient and detecting a copy number of chromosome region A1 and/or C2. The mean copy number per cell is correlated with a DFI for the subject. The chemotherapy can include doxorubicin and/or L-asparaginase treatment. Also provided are kits for predicting DFI in a subject with cancer and computer readable storage media for performing the presently disclosed methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for tagging and/or identifying microorganisms. In some preferred embodiments, the microorganisms are bacteria. In some particularly preferred embodiments, the bacteria are members of the genus Streptococcus, while in other embodiments, the bacteria are members of other genera. The present invention also provides microorganisms tagged using the methods set forth herein. In some preferred embodiments, the tagged microorganisms are bacteria. In some particularly preferred embodiments, the tagged bacteria are members of the genus Streptococcus, while in other embodiments, the tagged bacteria are members of other genera.

Abstract: A method for detecting dog-fecal contamination in a sample, comprising assaying the sample using a nucleotide sequence based genetic assay which comprises contacting the sample with at least one nucleic acid molecule having the nucleic acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11, the nucleic acid sequence being capable of binding to a nucleic acid sequence in the sample, and detecting binding of the nucleic acid molecule to the nucleic acid sequence in the sample, wherein a presence of binding is indicative of the presence of dog-fecal contamination in the sample; the nucleic acid molecules; and a kit comprising at least two of the above-described nucleic acid molecules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the rapid detection of the presence or absence of Staphylococcus aureus in a biological or nonbiological sample. The present invention includes methods of detection comprising performing an amplifying step, a hybridizing step, and a detecting step. Furthermore, the present invention relates to primers, probes, and kits that are designed for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the rapid detection of the presence or absence of Staphylococcus aureus in a biological or nonbiological sample. The present invention includes methods of detection comprising performing an amplifying step, a hybridizing step, and a detecting step. Furthermore, the present invention relates to primers, probes, and kits that are designed for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the rapid detection of the presence or absence of Staphylococcus aureus in a biological or nonbiological sample. The present invention includes methods of detection comprising performing an amplifying step, a hybridizing step, and a detecting step. Furthermore, the present invention relates to primers, probes, and kits that are designed for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract: Methods for the rapid detection of the presence or absence of Clostridium difficile in a biological or nonbiological sample are described. The methods can include performing an amplifying step, a hybridizing step, and a detecting step. Furthermore, primers, probes, and kits are provided that are designed for the detection of Clostridium difficile.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for identifying the variety of a hop by using an identification marker comprising at least one single nucleotide polymorphism that differs among varieties, and a method for preparing said identification marker. The present invention also provides a primer or a probe to be used in the method for identifying the variety of a hop, and a nucleic acid of a region including said identification marker. The present invention further provides a method for detecting the intrusion of different varieties in a hop sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of detection of viruses, and in particular to detection of viruses using a liquid crystal assay format. In the present invention, virus binding in a detection region is identified by changes in liquid crystal orientation caused by virus binding independent orientation caused by any topography associated with the detection region.

Abstract: The present invention provides highly sensitive methods used for diagnosing and monitoring various diseases and disorders by detecting and analyzing “ultra short” (20-50 base pair) nucleic acids obtained from bodily fluids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for differentiating in a subject with HR-HPV between a severe form of HR-HPV infection and a mild form of HR-HPV infection. It further is concerned with a composition comprising a probe oligonucleotide mixture, a device, and a kit for use in conjunction with the method of the invention.

Abstract: A method is provided for evaluating agents for the treatment of different intestinal motility disorders, using distinct methodological parts related to musculature and nerves of the GI tract which communicate with the brain. In particular, the present invention provides a method for the selection of an agent effective for the treatment of an intestinal motility disorder, comprising: a) a step of spatiotemporal (ST) mapping carried out on a gastrointestinal segment to analyze the effect of the agent on gastrointestinal motility; and b) a step of ex vivo nerve bundle recording carried out on a gastrointestinal segment to analyze the effect of the agent on mesenteric afferent nerve firing. Bacterial strains selected by the methods of the invention and the use of the bacterial strains in the treatment of intestinal motility disorders are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is a blast-furnace operating method including: a first step of adjusting a charging rate of coke while monitoring a furnace-top temperature Ttop; a second step of adjusting an injection rate of pulverized coal while monitoring an in-furnace superficial gas velocity u and the furnace-top temperature Ttop; a third step of adjusting an oxygen-enrichment ratio of oxygen-enriched air while monitoring a tuyere combustion temperature Tf and the furnace-top temperature Ttop; and a fourth step of determining whether an injection rate of the oxygen-enriched air needs to be adjusted, based on a value of the in-furnace superficial gas velocity u.

Abstract: A manufacture method of high-efficiency non-oriented silicon steel with excellent magnetic property includes the steps of smelting a chemical composition of non-oriented silicon steel, by weight percent, is: C?0.0040%, Si:0.1˜0.8%, Al:0.002˜1.0%, Mn:0.10˜1.50%, P:?0.2%, Sb:0.04˜0.08%, S?0.0030%, N?0.0020%, Ti?0.0020%, and the rest is Fe and unavoidable inclusions. The molten steel is then cast into billets which are hot-rolled into a hot-rolled product. The heating temperature for the billet is 1100°˜1150° and the finish-rolling temperature is 860°˜920°. The hot-rolled product is then air cooled for a period of time within a range determined by air cooling time t: (2+30xSb %)s?t?7 s. The hot-rolled product is reeled at a temperature ?720° and cold-rolled to form cold-rolled plate with a target thickness at a reduction ratio of 70˜78% followed by heating up the cold-rolled plate to 800˜1000° at heating rate of ?15°/s, and holding time of 10 s˜25 s.

Abstract: A high strength steel sheet is formed of steel having the composition containing by mass % over 0.015% and less than 0.100% C, less than 0.50% Si, over 1.0% and less than 2.0% Mn, 0.05% or less P, 0.03% or less S, 0.01% or more and 0.3% or less sol. Al, 0.005% or less N, less than 0.35% Cr, 0.0010% or more and 0.0050% or less B, less than 0.15% Mo, less than 0.030% Ti, and iron and unavoidable impurities as a balance, wherein the steel satisfies 2.1?[Mneq]?3.1, the microstructure of the steel includes a ferrite and a second phase, a volume fraction of the second phase is set to 2.0 to 12.0%, a total ratio of a volume fraction of martensite and a volume fraction of retained ? to the volume fraction of second phase is 60% or more, and the number of carbides which are present within ferrite particles, have an aspect ratio of 3.0 or less and have a diameter of 0.25 to 0.90 ?m is set to 10000 pieces/mm2 or less.

Abstract: A process gas preparation device for an industrial furnace system is disclosed. The gas preparation device includes a preparation reactor having a catalyst. A gas feed line and a gas return line are connected between the industrial furnace and the preparation reactor to form a closed loop. A compressor is situated upstream from the preparation reactor in the feed line. The preparation reactor is also connected with supply lines for hydrocarbon gas and air to be supplied to the preparation reactor. The process gas preparation device also includes a control device with which process gas preparation and return can be regulated and controlled. The gas feed line also has a shut-off valve. The control device can check the functional state of the catalyst by measuring the pressure differential across the catalyst and can initiate a burn-out process therein to clear clogging of the catalyst.

Abstract: A process of extracting copper from copper sulphide minerals which is enhanced at solution potentials exceeding 700 mV SHE, in the absence of any microorganism, by contacting the minerals in a pre-treatment phase using an acid solution at a high chloride content containing dissolved copper.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a column chromatographic method of manufacturing non-carrier-added high-purity 177Lu compounds for medicinal purposes. In the method in accordance with the invention a cation exchanger and a suitable chelating agent are used. With the method in accordance with the invention it is possible for the first time to provide non-carrier-added high-purity 177Lu compounds in milligram amounts for pharmaceutical-medicinal purposes from 176Yb compounds irradiated with thermal neutrons, the radionuclides 177Lu and 176Yb being present in an approximate mass ratio of 1:102 to 1:1010 for purification.

Abstract: A process includes sintering hydrogenated titanium or titanium hydride (TiH2) and/or Ti metal in a dynamically controlled hydrogen atmosphere with hydrogen partial pressure greater than 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a ?-type titanium alloy keeping the content of the relatively expensive ?-stabilizing elements such as V or Mo down to a total of 10 mass % or less and reducing the effects of composition segregation of Fe and Cr and thereby able to keep the Young's modulus and density relatively low. The ?-type titanium alloy of the present invention comprises, by mass %, when Al: 2 to 5%, 1) Fe: 2 to 4%, Cr: 6.2 to 11%, and V: 4 to 10%, 2) Fe: 2 to 4%, Cr: 5 to 11%, and Mo: 4 to 10%, or 3) Fe: 2 to 4%, Cr: 5.5 to 11%, and Mo+V (total of Mo and V): 4 to 10% in range, and a balance of substantially Ti. These include Zr added in amounts of 1 to 4 mass %. Furthermore, by making the oxygen equivalent Q 0.15 to 0.30 or leaving the alloy in the work hardened state or by applying both, the tensile strength before aging heat treatment can be further increased.

Abstract: The present subject matter describes Ni—Al—Zr alloys, which include Ni as the major component, with the additions of 9-20% Al and 4-14% Zr by atomic percentage. In one embodiment, the present subject matter describes a group of alloy compositions in a Nickel-Aluminum-Zirconium (Ni—Al—Zr) system corresponding to a concentration range of about 9-20% Al and about 4-14% Zr by atomic percentages, and the balance being Ni. In other embodiment, the present subject matter includes at least one eutectic constituent including at least two of the intermetallic compounds or phases Ni3Al, NiAl, Ni5Zr, Ni7Zr2 and derivatives that are realized within the aforementioned composition group.

Abstract: To provide a Ni ball having a low ? dose and high sphericity even when it contains impurity elements other than Ni in certain amounts. The Ni ball contains an element U, a content thereof being 5 ppb or less, and an element Th, a content thereof being 5 ppb or less, wherein a purity of the Ni ball is 99.9% or more but 99.995% or less, an ? dose thereof is 0.0200 cph/cm2 or less, a content of either Pb or Bi, or a total content of both Pb and Bi is 1 ppm or more, and a sphericity thereof is 0.90 or more, in order to prevent any software errors and reduce connection failure.

Abstract: Provided is a Ni-based single crystal superalloy containing 6% by mass or more and 12% by mass or less of Cr, 0.4% by mass or more and 3.0% by mass or less of Mo, 6% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of W, 4.0% by mass or more and 6.5% by mass or less of Al, 0% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less of Nb, 8% by mass or more and 12% by mass or less of Ta, 0% by mass or more and 0.15% by mass or less of Hf, 0.01% by mass or more and 0.2% by mass or less of Si, and 0% by mass or more and 0.04% by mass or less of Zr, and optionally containing at least one element selected from B, C, Y, La, Ce, and V, with a balance being Ni and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: An ornamental component has an ornamental face, and includes a titanium nitride sintered body containing nickel and niobium, and the titanium nitride sintered body contains a compound including nickel, niobium and titanium.

Abstract: A cost effective ferritic stainless steel exhibits improved corrosion resistance comparable to that observed on Type 304L steel. The ferritic stainless steel is substantially nickel-free, dual stabilized with titanium and columbium, and contains chromium, copper, and molybdenum.