Abstract: A half shaft connects to the mounting bracket of the wheel in a splined connection. The straight external spline of the half shaft is modified to a helical or involute external spline, in which the helix angle adopted is small. The mounting bracket of the wheel can be longitudinally advanced by hand assembly only part way onto the half shaft. The rest of the longitudinal advancement during assembly occurs by tightening the nut to completely eliminate the fit clearance between the external spline and its corresponding mating arrangement. Various road tests of vehicles verify that, when using the present invention, the nut does not loosen during use of the vehicle. The invention enables the locking force of the nut to be reduced, and assembly and maintenance are convenient.

Abstract: A non-pneumatic tire 1 comprises: a radially inner ring 3 coupled with an tire wheel H; a radially outer ring 2 comprising a radially outermost annular tread portion 5 having electrical conductivity, and a radially innermost second portion 6; and radial link portions 4 connecting between the radially outer and inner rings 2 and 3. The second portion 6, radial link portions 4 and radially inner ring 3 are each formed of a resin material containing carbon black to have electrical conductivity. The resin material comprises 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of carbon black having a BET specific surface area of from 300 to 1500 sq·m/g with respect to 100 parts by mass of its resin component. The tread portion 5 is electrically connected with the second portion 6.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire including an innerliner member applied on a tire inner circumferential surface, the innerliner member being constituted from an at least three-layer structure including a film having a main component of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer containing a blend of a thermoplastic resin and an elastomer, and rubber sheets layered on both sides of the film; and a lap splice portion in which tire circumferential direction end portions of the film are overlapped with the rubber sheets inbetween. The rubber sheet on the tire cavity side of the innerliner member disposed on the tire cavity side in the lap splice portion is formed longer along the tire circumferential length than the film adjacent thereto.

Abstract: An agricultural implement comprises a wheel body with a peripheral groove, a tire with a bead projecting radially inward, and a radial lock which locks the tire around the wheel body. The bead is shaped so as to be housed in the groove when the tire is mounted around the wheel body. The radial lock comprises a first aperture formed in the wheel body, opening into the groove on the one hand and onto a main face of the wheel body on the other hand, at least a second aperture formed in the bead of the tire, opening substantially facing the first aperture, and a pin placed in the first aperture and the second aperture.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a tread portion, and a belt layer including a plurality of belt plies on an inner side in a tire radial direction of the tread portion. In such a pneumatic tire, a mounting direction of the pneumatic tire on a vehicle is specified; the belt layer includes a circumferential reinforcing layer, circumferential reinforcing layer cords being disposed side by side in a tire width direction in the circumferential reinforcing layer, the circumferential reinforcing layer cords being inclined with respect to a tire circumferential direction within a range of ±5° in the tire width direction; and a cord count, namely a number of the circumferential reinforcing layer cords in the tire width direction, of the circumferential reinforcing layer is greater on an inner side in a vehicle mounting direction than on an outer side in the vehicle mounting direction, based on a tire equatorial plane.

Abstract: The tread has four grooves that delimit a central, intermediate and edge regions. Each intermediate region is divided into elongated raised elements that delimit oblique grooves which open into the circumferential grooves and are inclined at an average angle of between 30 and 60 degrees relative to the circumferential direction. The raised elements have an average circumferential length of between 50 and 70 mm. The depth of the oblique grooves is at least 30% of the depth of the circumferential grooves. Each raised element has a plurality of sipes that open into the oblique grooves. Each raised element also has an internal and oblique cut that has a total depth at least equal to 75% of the thickness PMU to be worn away. The oblique cut has a wide part and a part that forms a sipe that extends by a channel that forms a new groove after wear.

Abstract: Tire with sidewalls (6) having, on their outer surfaces, a set of protuberances (8) that alternate with voids (9). The tread (4) comprises a circumferential groove (10) at at least one axially outermost end (4a). Each protuberance (8) is disposed at the surface of a sidewall, the different protuberances being disposed regularly or irregularly and continuously or discontinuously between a point A and a point E. The inner wall (2a) of the carcass ply (2) of the tire is partially or entirely covered with at least one layer of a self-sealing composition (2b).

Abstract: A tire having a central axis and a radius further includes a circumferential tread having a convex cross-section. The convex cross-section is defined by a radius that is less than a maximum radius of the tire. A pair of sidewalls extends from opposite sides of the circumferential tread. Each of the pair of sidewalls has a concave cross-section that is defined by a radius that is greater than a maximum radius of the convex cross-section of the circumferential tread.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a wheel load (WL) acting on a tire (1) of a vehicle, comprising: a) determining a footprint (L) of the tire (1), b) receiving a tire information (ti) that identifies a type of the tire (1) and/or characterizes physical properties of the tire (1) as such, c) receiving tire operation conditions (toe) based on a measurement, d) selecting one of a plurality of predetermined calculation models (mod(ti)) based on the received tire information (ti), wherein each of the predetermined calculation models (mod(ti)) defines the wheel load (WL) as a function of the footprint (L) and the tire operation conditions (toe) for a respective tire type and/or respective physical properties of the tire (1) as such, e) calculating the wheel load (WL) based on the determined footprint (L) and the received tire operation conditions (toe), using the selected calculation model (mod(ti)). Further, a corresponding system (10) for determining a wheel load (WL) is proposed.

Abstract: A rubber article having an electronics attachment mechanism is provided. In one embodiment, the rubber article is a tire, comprising: a tread surface; an inner surface; and a tire body contained between the tread surface and the inner surface; wherein the tire body comprises a cavity having a cavity major width in at least one of an axial direction and a circumferential direction, wherein a channel extends between the cavity and the inner surface, wherein the channel has a channel major width in at least one of the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and wherein the cavity major width is greater than the channel major width.

Abstract: An inflatable electronics band for use in a tire features an annular, flexible, inflatable, tubular body configured to contact an inner portion of a tire opposite the tread surface, such as an innerliner. The inflatable electronics band further features an inflation valve, disposed on the tubular body. The tubular body is configured to inflate to a pressure at least 10% greater than the recommended tire inflation pressure.

Abstract: An assembly for mounting an electronics package to an interior of a tire includes a carriage configured to receive an electronics package. The assembly also includes an attaching device having a first side and a second side. The first side of the attaching device is permanently affixed to the interior of the tire. The second side of the attaching device has an attaching structure. The attaching structure is configured to receive the carriage to form a secure and locked connection.

Abstract: A rubber article having an electronics device fastener is provided. In one embodiment, a tire is provided, the tire comprising: a first surface; a second surface; and a tire body contained between the first surface and the second surface; wherein the tire body comprises a cavity having a cavity major width in at least one of an axial direction and a circumferential direction, wherein a channel extends between the cavity and the first surface, wherein the channel has a channel major width in at least one of the axial direction and the circumferential direction, wherein the cavity major width is greater than the channel major width, and wherein a protrusion of a fastener is engaged within the cavity.

Abstract: A wheel suspension unit of a motor vehicle, for example a trailing arm, the trailing arm produced, at least in part, from a fiber-reinforced plastic. The trailing arm including a molded member or tube formed of braided and/or wound continuous fibers. The continuous fibers of the molded member or tube interlinked with a plastic matrix.

Abstract: A wheel suspension unit for a motor vehicle having a longitudinal link, having a first end for pivotable vehicle-side connection, a second end for connection to a wheel carrier, and a blade-like link portion resilient in the direction of the transverse axis (Y) and rigid transversely relative thereto. The wheel suspension reduces the number of components by providing a longitudinal link having a resilient portion resilient toward the longitudinal axis (X), wherein the longitudinal link is at least partially produced from a fiber-reinforced plastics material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a strut mount interposed between a vehicle body and a piston rod of a shock absorber of a suspension. The strut mount includes an interior member passed through by and fixed to the piston rod; an exterior member including a cylindrical part surrounding the interior member, and a bottom formed in a ring shape by extending radially inward from a lower end of the cylindrical part, an elastic member formed in a ring shape between the interior member and the exterior member, and sandwiched between a part of the vehicle body or an upper member and the bottom of the exterior member; and a positioner radially positioning the elastic member. The elastic member is not in contact with the cylindrical part of the exterior member over its entire axial length and over its entire circumference.

Abstract: A method for operating a motor vehicle which includes an active chassis system with which it is possible to change a wheel load distribution between two rear wheels and two front wheels which are deflected relative to a supporting structure of the motor vehicle by a steering system during a maneuvering process, wherein friction occurs at the front wheels owing to ground contact. In order to prevent the occurrence of undesired noise during the maneuvering, during the maneuvering process with the large wheel deflection, the wheel load at a first wheel pair, which comprises a left/right front wheel and a right/left rear wheel arranged diagonally with respect thereto, is reduced selectively compared to a second wheel pair, which comprises a right/left front wheel and a left/right rear wheel arranged diagonally with respect thereto, in order to reduce the friction at one of the two front wheels during the maneuvering.

Abstract: The invention proposes a method of supplying with hydraulic fluid a hydraulic motor (2) of a drive wheel supporting a vehicle by means of a cylinder-type suspension system (1). The hydraulic fluid passes through a feed duct (25) extending longitudinally through a cylinder (3) of the cylinder-type suspension system (1). The invention also relates to the use thereof in order to eliminate the need for hoses.

Abstract: The twist axle assembly includes a twist beam which is made of a single integral piece, extends along a length between opposite ends and the twist beam has an open cross-sectional shape between the ends. The twist beam is stamped into a U-shape with a middle section that extends in a first direction between a pair of trailing arm sections. The trailing arm sections extend at least partially in a second direction that is generally transverse to the first direction to reduce twisting stresses within the trailing arm portions during operation of the twist axle assembly.

Abstract: A thermal energy storage system for a vehicle. The system includes a tank that is external to the vehicle. The tank is configured to receive liquid from the vehicle, and store the liquid at or above a predetermined temperature prior to the liquid being returned to the vehicle.

Abstract: There is described an air conditioning system with a refrigerant circuit, wherein the air conditioning system includes a leakage detection system. The leakage detection system comprises a room temperature sensor, an inlet temperature sensor for detection of a refrigerant temperature at a refrigerant inlet of a refrigerant evaporator, and an outlet temperature sensor for detection of a refrigerant temperature at a refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant evaporator. The sensors (34, 36, 40) are coupled with a calculating unit. In addition, there is described a method for leakage detection, in which a room temperature of the room to be air-conditioned is detected before the refrigerant evaporator on an air inlet side, a refrigerant inlet temperature is detected at the refrigerant inlet of a refrigerant evaporator, and a refrigerant outlet temperature is detected at a refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant evaporator.

Abstract: An auxiliary heat exchanger separated from a main heat exchanger is disposed at the position facing a heat exhausting passage. The auxiliary heat exchanger switches among an inside air heat exchanging state in which a condenser performs heat exchange with the air inside the vehicle interior, an outside air heat exchanging state in which the condenser performs heat exchange with the air outside the vehicle interior, and a ventilation heat exchanging state in which the condenser performs heat exchange with the ventilation air. The auxiliary heat exchanger switches among an inside air heat exchanging state in which the evaporator performs heat exchange with the air inside the vehicle interior, an outside air heat exchanging state in which the evaporator performs heat exchange with the air outside the vehicle interior, and a ventilation heat exchanging state in which the evaporator performs heat exchange with the ventilation air.

Abstract: A protection device for a vehicle interior compartment including a flexible planar structure displaceable between a pulled-out protective position and a rest position. The planar structure is connected to a dimensionally stable pull-out profile, which profile is mounted for longitudinal displacement on each of its opposite sides in a respective guiding structure fixed to the vehicle. A respective cable pull is installed in each guiding structure, each cable pull engaging on a respective one of sliding bodies slidingly mounted in the guiding structure. The sliding body is connected to the pull-out profile such that a torque introduced into the pull-out profile by the cable pull on the sliding body and a counter-torque introduced into the pull-out profile by the planar structure are configured, relative to a longitudinal axis of the pull-out profile extending transversely to the pull-out direction, such that the sliding bodies and the pull-out profile are held in equilibrium during a displacement move.

Abstract: Sunscreen assembly for an open roof construction in a vehicle of the type includes a flexible sunscreen having a center part and two opposed longitudinal edges connected to the center part and folding lines along which the longitudinal edges fold inwardly and whereby the center part of the flexible sunscreen comprises at least one layer of cloth. The sunscreen assembly further comprises a rotatable winding shaft configured to wind and unwind the sunscreen at a first one of its transversal edges, two opposed longitudinal guides configured to receive therein and guide corresponding ones of the inwardly folded longitudinal edges of the sunscreen, and wherein the folding lines are formed substantially by at least one respective incision made in the center part of the sunscreen along which the longitudinal edges are folded inwardly.

Abstract: A vehicle top assembly having a housing and a pair of rails that are perpendicular to and extend away from the housing. A roller is rotatably mounted within the housing. A layer of material is attached to the roller and has one or more locking members attached to a side edge.

Abstract: A tonneau system for use with a pickup truck is provided. The tonneau system includes a tonneau cover, a first bracket, and a second bracket. The tonneau cover includes a front cross-member, a primary tonneau section hingedly coupled to the front cross-member, and at least one secondary tonneau section hingedly coupled in series to the first tonneau section. The first bracket extends from the front cross-member proximal to a first end thereof for securing the first end of the front cross-member to a first side wall of a cargo box of a pickup truck when the front cross-member is positioned atop a bulkhead of the cargo box. The second bracket extends from the front cross-member proximal to a second end thereof opposite the first end for securing the second end of the front cross-member to a second side wall of the cargo box of the pickup truck when the front cross-member is positioned atop the bulkhead of the cargo box.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an autonomous agricultural vehicle includes a control interface disposed in an enclosure of the autonomous agricultural vehicle and configured to at least setup or control operation of the autonomous agricultural vehicle, an implement attached to the autonomous agricultural vehicle, or a combination thereof. The autonomous agricultural vehicle further includes a removable panel at least partially removably coupled to the autonomous agricultural vehicle over the enclosure, wherein the removable panel is positioned to be accessible to an operator who is operating the autonomous agricultural vehicle outside of the autonomous agricultural vehicle.

Abstract: A sealing structure for use on an automobile having a weather strip and an interior member wherein the weather strip includes an installation base member having an inner-cabin side wall, an outer-cabin side wall, a connecting wall and holding lips; and a seal member. The installation base member couples to a flange vertically formed along a peripheral edge of an opening corresponding to a door. The seal member is formed on the outer-cabin side wall and makes elastic contact with a door glass. The interior member is provided on an inner-cabin side of the inner-cabin side wall. An end of the interior member extends toward the connecting wall. A projection is formed on an outer circumference of a connecting part between the outer-cabin side wall and the connecting wall. The projection extends in an internal circumferential direction and covers the end of the interior member from an outer-cabin side.

Abstract: A sealing structure of a door frame of a vehicle to seal a body weather strip disposed at a body and a side outer panel of the vehicle to prevent noise, the door frame including a fitting end bent to an outside at an upper end, an installing end protruding to an inside at lower side of the fitting end, and a curved portion contacting the body weather strip, may include an outside weather strip unit including an upper weather strip correspondingly contacting a side outer panel and a lower weather strip introducing a door glass integrally or monolithically formed at an upper surface and lower surface of a carrier disposed at a fitting end of the door frame, an inside weather strip disposed at an installing end of the door frame to correspondingly contact the side outer panel, and a molding device inserted and fixed in one side of the carrier.

Abstract: A battery housing of a motor vehicle traction battery includes at least one base plate, and two side walls which extend parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction of the motor vehicle and are spaced apart from each other in the transverse direction of the motor vehicle. Formed between the side walls is a number of receiving spaces, within each of which at least one battery module of the traction battery of the motor vehicle is accommodated. A plurality of deformation elements which are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the motor vehicle are attached to the inner sides of the side walls. The battery modules are arranged in the receiving spaces in such a manner that, in the region of the deformation elements, lateral deformation spaces are formed between the battery modules and the side walls.

Abstract: An engine mount includes a center pin, a main rubber element, and a housing. In embodiments, the main rubber element may include at least one joining plate with at least one tab, and may be configured to at least partially encapsulate the center pin and the at least one joining plate. The housing may be configured to receive and/or engage the main rubber element including the center pin and the at least one joining plate. The main rubber element may be secured to the housing via the at least one joining plate and/or the at least one tab.

Abstract: The invention relates to a torque transmission device (1), having torque input means (2, 24) intended to be rotationally coupled to a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine (7), and torque output means (8) intended to be rotationally coupled to an input shaft (10) of a gearbox (36) and to a rotor (34) of an electric machine, the torque input means (2, 24) being capable of pivoting with respect to the torque output means (8) around an axis (X).

Abstract: The invention relates to a hybrid power system (1). System (1) has an internal combustion engine (2), a gear box (3) having an input (4) connectable to the engine and an output shaft (5) to drive a vehicle, a first power drive and take off (10) releasably connectable to the gear box input, a second power drive and take off (30) releasably connectable to the gear box output, at least one motor/generator (21,41) connected the first and/or second power drive and take off, a connecting clutch (50) to releasable connecting the first and second power drive and take off, and a battery (60) to power or be charged by the or each motor generator.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle may be a series hybrid or a parallel hybrid vehicle. One embodiment of a parallel hybrid vehicle includes an engine, a transmission coupled to the engine, a front drive coupled to the transmission through a prop shaft, a rear drive coupled to the transmission, a traction motor drivingly coupled to the prop shaft, and a battery to operate the traction motor.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for aging a new plastic fuel tank in a vehicle. In one example, during a plug-in event to recharge a battery of the vehicle, the fuel tank is isolated and the fuel pump is actuated to agitate fuel within the tank and increase fuel vapors until the plastic fuel tank becomes aged to a predetermined degree by fuel vapors generated therein. In this manner, the fuel tank is aged more rapidly, resulting in more accurate fuel level readings and less noise and vibration.

Abstract: A total dimension of spacing dimensions of a gap provided by a metal rod on a side opposite to a metal housing in a first assembling structure and a second assembling structure is set to be larger than a difference in a thermal expansion amount between a resin lid main body and the metal housing in a reference radial direction when a temperature exceeds a reference temperature. A total dimension of each of a spacing dimension of a gap provided by the metal rod on a side toward the metal housing and a spacing dimension between a resin protrusion and the metal housing in the first assembling structure and the second assembling structure is set to be larger than a difference in a thermal shrinkage amount between the resin lid main body and the metal housing in the reference radial direction when a temperature falls below the reference temperature.

Abstract: A fuel cap barrier kit is basically provided with a movable barrier and an attachment member. The movable barrier is dimensioned and structured to be attached to a vehicle body at a location in which the movable barrier is disposed in front of a fuel cap and is underneath a filler compartment door. The movable barrier is movable between an inlet accessible position in which the movable barrier permits user access to the fuel cap and an inlet blocking position in which the movable barrier is disposed in front of the fuel cap. The attachment member is configured to fixedly attach the movable barrier to the vehicle body.

Abstract: Example blind spot detection systems and methods are described. In one implementation, a primary vehicle detects a secondary vehicle ahead of the primary vehicle in an adjacent lane of traffic. A method determines dimensions of the secondary vehicle and estimates a vehicle class associated with the secondary vehicle based on the dimensions of the secondary vehicle. The method also identifies a side-view mirror location on the secondary vehicle and determines a blind spot associated with the secondary vehicle based on the vehicle class and the side-view mirror location.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an autonomous vehicle includes a controller and a control interface disposed in an enclosure on the side of the autonomous vehicle. The control interface includes a display communicatively coupled to the controller. The display is used to at least setup or control operation of an implement attached to the autonomous vehicle, setup or control operation of the autonomous vehicle, or both.

Abstract: Provided are a projection type display device and an operation assistance method that enable an operator to enjoy an operation assistance function even in the case of occurrence of abnormality in an optical modulation unit or an image information input unit during operation of a vehicle. A system control unit 47 of a HUD, if sensing abnormality in an optical modulation device 44 and a drive unit 45, stops a light source unit 40 and, furthermore, in the case of image information generated by a projected image information generation unit 52 including image information that calls attention of the operator to the front field of view, displays an alert image based on the image information on a liquid crystal display device 61 in a meter cluster.

Abstract: Includes electric motor (330) driving driving wheel (610) , speed control unit (300) controlling driving of electric motor (330) based on instructed speed ?r*, brake control unit (400) controlling hydraulic brake (500) applying mechanical braking to an electromotive vehicle, speed sensor (340) detecting traveling speed ?r of the electromotive vehicle, and determination unit (200) determining whether the mechanical braking needs to be applied in response to the difference between instructed speed ?r* and traveling speed ?r, and controlling operation of brake control unit (400) based on the determination result. Determination unit (200) determines that mechanical braking needs to be applied when instructed speed ?r* indicates deceleration and traveling speed ?r is higher than instructed speed ?r* , and performs control so that brake control unit (400) works hydraulic brake (500) .

Abstract: A DC link capacitor coupled to positive and negative DC busses between a high voltage DC source and an electric vehicle inverter is quickly discharged during a shutdown. An active discharge circuit connected across the link capacitor has a discharge resistor in series with a discharge switch. The discharge switch has a control terminal for selectably turning the discharge switch on and off. A disable circuit is coupled to the control terminal and is responsive to a disable command signal to turn off the discharge switch. The disable circuit turns on the discharge switch upon cessation of the disable command signal. A timing circuit powered by a voltage from the link capacitor initiates a predetermined time interval upon cessation of the disable command signal, and continuously turns off the discharge switch after the predetermined time interval while the voltage from the link capacitor remains above a threshold.

Abstract: A method of operating a vehicular system includes charging, by a controller and via an electric vehicle charge station, a low-voltage battery when a module powered by the low-voltage battery is awake and an SOC of the low-voltage battery is less than a threshold; and in response to the SOC exceeding the threshold, commanding by the controller the module to enter a sleep mode for a sleep duration defined by a power usage of the module such that as the power usage changes, the sleep duration changes.

Abstract: Disclosed is an extended-range full-electric low-speed tractor, which includes a system control unit, a battery pack, a frequency conversion driver, a bidirectional DC-DC converter, a generating set and a drive system. The generating set is capable of working in an intermittent mode. The generating set will be started when the power of the battery pack is lower than a preset working range; once the generating set begins to work, the generating set will be running under a condition of “the most economic fuel consumption” and provide stable output at constant speed and constant power, so as to make sure that the generating set is not overloaded, emits no black smoke and has highest energy efficiency. It has advantages of low energy consumption, low pollution and long life of the generating set.

Abstract: An inductive charge system may include an inductive charging circuit having a switchgear configured to swap between a step-up converter and a step-down converter. The inductive vehicle charge station or system may include a controller configured to operate the switchgear to switch between the step-up converter and the step-down converter based on presence or absence of a load. The step-up converter may be a boost converter. The step-down converter may be a buck converter. The buck converter may have a maximum power output of 100 W. An output of the step-down converter may include a forward-biased diode to prevent backfeeding. The controller may be further configured to ramp an output voltage of the step-down converter from a coupling voltage to a charging voltage to prevent hard switching between the step-up converter and the step-down converter.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for a distributed system to provide wireless energy sharing between electrically powered vehicles. In some examples, two or more vehicles traveling on a roadway may be configured to share energy while in route to a destination. The vehicles may be equipped with wireless energy transfer units to enable the vehicles to exchange energy. At least one of the vehicles may be a mobile electric charging station configured to store a large amount of charge and to provide charge to vehicles. The electric charging station may be in communication with a controller, where the controller may be configured to identify vehicles in need of recharge and to identify at least one vehicle having sufficient charge to share. The controller may schedule a time and place for the two vehicles to meet in order to share charge. Additionally, the vehicles may be self-coordinated without a controller.

Abstract: In an in-vehicle structure described in the present specification, an electric-power converter is fixed onto a transaxle and positioned in front of a cowl top. The electric-power converter includes a capacitor configured to restrain a high-frequency fluctuation in a voltage of electric power supplied from a battery, and a discharge circuit configured to discharge the capacitor. A connector (a signal connector) to which a wiring harness for communication of a discharge instruction signal to operate the discharge circuit at a time of a collision is connected is provided on a side face of the electric-power converter, the side face of the electric-power converter being facing in a vehicle width direction.

Abstract: A method for operating a motor vehicle, which is driven by an electric motor. The motor vehicle has a high-voltage power system, to which the electric motor is connected, with a high-voltage battery that is operated in an operating temperature range, for which purpose, a temperature control mechanism utilizing a circulating coolant, and having a heating mechanism for the coolant and a cooling mechanism for the coolant is assigned to the high-voltage battery, to satisfy a power deficiency which indicates that a braking power required by recuperation of the electric motor exceeds the on-demand power currently in the high-voltage power system that can be demanded for charging the high-voltage battery.

Abstract: A control method for a swappable battery pack set of electric vehicles (EVs), wherein each of the EVs has a main battery pack set and at least a swappable battery pack set simultaneously. The control method comprises the following process of uninstalling the swappable battery pack set from a first EV, before charging the swappable battery pack set; executing a charge unlocking procedure, before charging the swappable battery pack set; executing a charge locking procedure, after charging the swappable battery pack set; and installing the swappable battery pack set to a second EV after executing the charge locking procedure.

Abstract: A vehicular inductive power transfer system includes a power transmission unit and a power receiving unit. The distance between the units and the overall alignment of the units with respect to each other determines the overall efficiency of the energy transfer between the power transmission unit and the power receiving unit. Magnetic fields produced by the inductive power transfer system may exceed allowable standards or regulations for human exposure to electromagnetic fields. An inductive power transfer control circuit autonomously causes an actuator to position at least one of the power transmission unit or the power receiving unit in a three-dimensional space based on one or more measured power transfer parameters. Such positioning may occur while the vehicle is moving or stationary. The control circuit may further autonomously adjust one or more power transfer parameters to maintain magnetic field exposure levels at or below industry standards or governmental regulations.