Abstract: The invention relates to design and production methods for a rotor which is both a turbine and a propeller having blades that are hollow along the entire length thereof and which lead into peripheral circular chambers that operate as an engine (THRA) that can be powered by working fluids.

Abstract: Nozzle segments and methods of cooling airfoils of nozzle segments are provided. For example, a turbine nozzle segment includes an inner band defining an inner band cavity and/or an outer band defining an outer band cavity. The inner band may define an inner band aperture extending from the inner band cavity through the inner band, and the outer band may define an outer band aperture extending from the outer band cavity through the outer band. Inner and/or outer band cooling passages may extend through a trailing edge portion of a CMC airfoil of the nozzle segment. An inlet of any inner band cooling passage is defined adjacent an inner band aperture, and an inlet of any outer band cooling passage is defined adjacent an outer band aperture. The cooling passage inlets are aligned with the adjacent inner or outer band apertures to provide cooling fluid from the respective cavity.

Abstract: A hollow aerofoil is described having a leading edge and a trailing edge. The leading edge and trailing edge are connected by a pressure surface side (34) and a suction surface side (37) and one or more cavities are bounded by the pressure surface side (34) and/or suction surface side (37). In use, the cavity is arranged to receive coolant from a coolant source. The trailing edge has an apogee (36) where the pressure surface side (34) and suction surface side (37) meet. In an embodiment, a row of holes (32) is provided to a pressure surface side of a centreline of the apogee (36), the holes (32) being in fluid communication with cavity. The arrangement of the holes is such that outlets (33) to the holes extend from the apogee (36) and onto an adjacent part of the pressure surface side (34). A method for the manufacture of the aerofoil is also described.

Abstract: A component for a gas turbine engine includes a first region formed substantially of a first CMC material, wherein first region defines a first thermal conductivity. The component further includes a second region formed substantially of a second CMC material, wherein the second region defines a second thermal conductivity. Further, the component defines a thickness and the first region is positioned adjacent to the second region along the thickness, wherein the first thermal conductivity is different than the second thermal conductivity to alert a thermal profile of the component.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine component made of a nickel-based superalloy, the gas turbine engine component comprising a protective coating. The protective coating includes an inner diffusion barrier layer including any one or any combination of elements selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, tantalum, tungsten, hafnium and iridium, and an outer layer of hard material formed of hard particles embedded in a matrix.

Abstract: A blade for a wind turbine comprising a blade root portion is described. The blade root portion defines a mounting surface for coupling to a hub or extender of the wind turbine and comprises a plurality of first holes provided with an insert, the blade root portion further comprises a mounting flange arranged in the periphery of the mounting surface and provided with second holes, wherein the inserts comprise a first end embedded in the blade root portion and a second end opposite to the first end, the second end protruding beyond the mounting surface of the blade root portion, and wherein the second ends are fitted in the second holes of the mounting flange and the mounting flange is attached to the blade by means of the inserts. Furthermore, a wind turbine rotor comprising such a blade is described. Methods of manufacturing half a wind turbine blade and a whole wind turbine blade are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to part of a turbine engine comprising two arms passing through a stream of the turbine engine, wherein each arm comprises an outer surface and an aerodynamic linking device. The aerodynamic linking device comprises fairings extending between the two arms, compressible interface means interposed between the fairings and means for retaining the fairings in place by pressure in relation to the arms, which compress the interface means.

Abstract: Provided is a radial diffuser that includes a housing, a plurality of diffuser vanes, and a plurality of deswirl vanes and at least one vane extension providing a service routing. Each of the vane extensions is disposed after a radial section and may extend into or through a transition and into the deswirl cascade. At least a portion of the vane extensions include a service passage extending therethrough. Each service passage is configured to allow a service conduit to extend therethrough without adversely crossing either a diffusion flow passage or a transition flow passage.

Abstract: A seal retainer for a fire seal of a gas turbine engine is provided. The seal retainer includes a core formed from a thermoplastic material and having a shape of a seal retainer with a top surface and a bottom surface, a first layer applied to the top surface of the core, and a second layer applied to the bottom surface of the core. The first layer and the second layer are formed from a high-temperature resistant material.

Abstract: A carbon seal assembly for a gas turbine engine is disclosed. The carbon seal assembly includes a first carbon seal. The carbon seal assembly also includes a first carbon seal spring configured to provide force against the first carbon seal in a first axial direction, the first carbon seal spring having an annular shape and circumferentially disposed around a first shaft of the gas turbine engine.

Abstract: A turbomachine blade (10) comprising a body (11) and an elastomer gasket (12) fastened to said body (11).

Abstract: A seal arrangement for a gas turbine engine according to an example of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a component including a body having a cold side surface adjacent to a mate face, and a seal member including a leading edge region and a trailing edge region spaced by sidewalls. The seal member defines one or more grooves. A length of the one or more grooves abuts the cold side surface to define one or more cooling passages, with at least one of the one or more cooling passages having a flared inlet defined by a corresponding one of the one or more grooves.

Abstract: An embodiment of a gas turbine engine component includes an abrasive coating disposed on at least a portion of a sealing region. The abrasive coating includes an inner abrasive region disposed outward of the sealing region in a coating thickness direction, and an outer abrasive region disposed outward of the inner abrasive region in the coating thickness direction. The inner abrasive region includes abrasive particles retained in an inner matrix, and the outer abrasive region includes abrasive particles retained in an outer matrix. At least one of the inner matrix and the outer matrix is modified with a first indicator material. At least one aspect of the first indicator material corresponds to a thickness range of the abrasive coating being within the inner thickness region or the outer thickness region.

Abstract: An modular apparatus for generating electrical power in a borehole penetrating the earth includes a body comprising first and second mechanical connectors at opposing ends and first and second electrical connectors at the opposing ends, the mechanical connectors and the electrical connectors being configured to connect with the same type of corresponding connectors on another modular apparatus when the modular apparatus and the another modular apparatus are stacked together. The modular apparatus further includes: an electrical generator having a rotor and stator in mechanical communication with the first and second mechanical connectors and in electrical communication with the first and second electrical connectors; and a turbine wheel coupled to or integrated with the rotor and comprising one or more turbine blades that are configured to interact with fluid flowing through the borehole causing the turbine wheel to rotate and the rotor to rotate in order to generate the electrical power.

Abstract: A bearing arrangement rotatably supports a shaft of an aircraft engine. The bearing arrangement comprises a bearing having rolling elements disposed between inner and outer races. The inner race is affixed to the shaft. A decoupler normally structurally couples the outer race of the bearing to a stator structure of the engine. The decoupler is configured to release the bearing from the stator structure when subject to a predetermined critical load. A bumper is mounted to the stator structure and encircles the bearing. The bumper has a radially inwardly facing surface disposed in close proximity to a radially outer surface of the outer race of the bearing and defines therewith a radial gap to accommodate and constrain an orbiting motion of the rotor about the central axis of the engine after decoupling at the bearing.

Abstract: A piping system of a steam turbine plant is provided with: steam piping connected to a steam turbine; bypass piping which branches from the steam piping at a branching portion and which is connected to a condenser; a steam check valve provided between the branching portion of the steam piping and the steam turbine; and a turbine bypass valve provided in the bypass piping. A piping system cleaning method includes the steps of: connecting at least one valve of the steam check valve and the turbine bypass valve and a connecting portion provided between the turbine bypass valve of the bypass piping and the condenser, by using temporary piping having a foreign matter collecting portion; closing a flow path on the outlet side of the valve; cleaning the steam piping by supplying steam to the steam piping; and sending the steam to the condenser through the temporary piping.

Abstract: A system for on-wing engine washing and water reclamation is provided. The system has at least one spray device for introducing a cleaning liquid containing at least water into the engine while the engine is being operated, and an effluent trough for collecting the cleaning liquid from an exit end or underneath side of the engine. In a preferred embodiment, a source of the cleaning liquid and the effluent trough are located on a mobile unit. Further, a treatment system for treating the collected cleaning liquid is also located on a mobile unit.

Abstract: A nacelle for an aircraft propulsion system includes a core cowl portion, a bifurcation portion and an extension portion. The core cowl portion extends about a centerline to the bifurcation portion. The bifurcation portion is connected to and extends radially between the core cowl portion and the extension portion. The extension portion projects out from the bifurcation portion and circumferentially extends over the core cowl portion. The extension portion includes an acoustic panel and a structural reinforcement. The acoustic panel includes a cellular core between a perforated face skin and a back skin, wherein the face skin is radially inboard of the back skin. The structural reinforcement is bonded to the back skin and structurally reinforces the acoustic panel.

Abstract: An assembly is provided for a piece of rotational equipment with an axis. This assembly includes a static structure, a bearing within a bore of the static structure, and a centering spring mounting the bearing to the static structure. The static structure is configured with the bore, a slot, a first slot surface and a second slot surface. The slot extends radially into the static structure from the bore. The slot extends axially within the static structure between the first slot surface and the second slot surface. The centering spring includes an annular hub and a mounting tab. The annular hub is within the bore. The mounting tab projects radially from the annular hub into the slot.

Abstract: A system for a turbine engine includes a first bearing, a second bearing, a first rotating assembly, a second rotating assembly, a first lubrication circuit and a second lubrication circuit. The first rotating assembly includes a first component rotatably supported by the first bearing. The second rotating assembly includes a second component rotatably supported by the second bearing. The first lubrication circuit includes a first pump and the first bearing. The first pump is driven by the first rotating assembly and configured to pump lubricant to the first bearing. The second lubrication circuit includes a second pump and the second bearing. The second pump is configured to pump lubricant to the second bearing. The second lubrication circuit is configured discrete from the first lubrication circuit.

Abstract: A stiffness boss for a turbine case of a gas turbine engine is disclosed. The stiffness boss includes a head portion disposed on an outer case surface of the turbine case, the head portion configured to provide rigidity in response to a transverse load being applied to the turbine case in a transverse direction. The stiffness boss also includes a leg portion disposed on the outer case surface of the turbine case and connected to the head portion, the leg portion configured to provide rigidity in response to an axial load being applied to the turbine case in an axial direction, such that deformation of the turbine case is resisted.

Abstract: A fixing device fixes a relative position in a rotational direction of an outer member and an inner member of a stationary body of the rotary machine, and includes: a radial pin that is inserted into a through hole passing through the outer member in a radial direction of a rotary machine and having a stepped portion formed therein to have a larger diameter at a portion on an outer side in the radial direction of the rotary machine than at a portion on an inner side in the radial direction, that has a part on the inner side in the radial direction of the rotary machine to be inserted into a concave portion of the inner member, and that has a flange portion on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotary machine.

Abstract: A compact energy cycle construction that operates as or in accordance with a Rankine, Organic Rankine, Heat Pump, or Combined Organic Rankine and Heat Pump Cycle, comprising a compact housing of a generally cylindrical form with some combination of a scroll type expander, pump, and compressor disposed therein to share a common shaft with a motor or generator and to form an integrated system, with the working fluid of the system circulating within the housing as a torus along the common shaft and toroidally within the housing as the system operates.

Abstract: A pressure reduction system may include an alternator with a casing and a rotor positioned, at least in part, within a cavity defined by the casing. The pressure reduction system may also include a mass management system that includes a control tank configured to be maintained at a tank pressure lower than a cavity pressure within the cavity of the alternator, thereby forming a pressure differential. A first transfer conduit may transfer a working fluid from the cavity of the alternator to the control tank via the pressure differential. The mass management system may be positioned at an elevation above the alternator, and include a refrigeration loop configured to cool the working fluid contained within the control tank. A second transfer conduit may fluidly couple the alternator and the mass management system, and may transfer the cooled working fluid from the control tank to the cavity via gravitational force.

Abstract: A valve drive device for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The valve drive device has an axially displaceable cam element and an adjusting device with a first engagement element which displaces the cam element axially into a first switching position and a second engagement element which displaces the cam element axially into a second switching position. The adjusting device has a first slotted guide track in which the first engagement element is guided in the first switching position and a second slotted guide track in which the second engagement element is guided in the second switching position. The first engagement element is positively coupled to the second engagement element. The adjusting device includes a triggering device which holds the first engagement element fixedly in the second switching position counter to a restoring force. A method for axial displacement of a rotating cam element is also disclosed.

Abstract: An engine component, for example a piston ring, including a wear resistant coating applied by physical vapor deposition (PVD) is provided. The coating includes tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C), the carbon of the coating includes sp3 hybrid orbitals, and the coating includes boron in an amount of 0.1 wt. % to 4.0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the coating. The doped boron makes the coating less sensitive to the ion energy during the physical vapor deposition (PVD) process, improves adhesion of the coating, and expected to reduce compressive stress in the coating. Thus, the boron-doped ta-C coating can be applied to a greater thickness compared to ta-C coatings without the doped boron. In addition, there is a strong indication that the addition of boron will maintain a high level of sp3 bonded carbon and a high microhardness.

Abstract: The variable valve actuating device (20) comprises a valve lifter (24) interposed between a swing end of a rocker arm 22 and a stem end of an engine valve (17), and a switch pin (53) slidably received in the valve lifter (24) so as to selectively abut the end surface of the valve stem as the valve lifter is actuated by a cam (21a). The swing end of the rocker arm abuts an upper end of a projection (55) projecting from the upper end of the valve lifter via an engagement feature (26b, 55a) that prevents a rotational movement of the valve lifter relative to the swing end around the axial line of the valve stem.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine may include at least one cylinder, a first outlet valve and a second outlet valve for directing exhaust gas out from a combustion chamber of the at least one cylinder. The first outlet valve may include a first valve opening and a first valve body where the first valve opening is adjustable between a closed position and an open position. The second outlet valve may include a second valve opening and a second valve body where the second valve body is adjustable between a closed position and an open position. An adjusting lever may adjust one or both of the first valve body and the second valve body between the open position and the closed position.

Abstract: A control system of a continuously variable valve duration (CVVD) is provided. A system for controlling a CVVD by adjusting an actuator for controlling the CVVD includes an electronic control unit (ECU) configured to output a command for adjusting the actuator based on a vehicle state and a cam position sensor is configured to measure a cam revolutions per minute (RPM). A controller is configured to calculate a crank RPM from the cam RPM when a failure occurs during communication with the ECU. A target phase angle is extracted based on the calculated crank RPM, and an electric current is output that corresponds to the extracted target phase angle to the actuator.

Abstract: A valve train may include a camshaft, a cam follower, and first and second cams mounted axially adjacent in a torque-proof manner on the camshaft. The valve train may also include an adjustment arrangement having adjustable first and second mechanical engagement elements, which may each cooperate with at least one slide guide arranged on the camshaft. The valve train may further include a control shaft or control slide forming a stop for the first and second engagement elements and adjusting the first and second engagement elements into respective switching positions. The cam follower may be drivingly connected with the first and second cams in first and second positions, respectively. The first and second engagement elements may each be adjustable between respective basic positions, in which no contact exists with the associated slide guide, and the respective switching positions, in which the respective engagement element cooperates with the associated slide guide.

Abstract: A valve train may include a camshaft having first and second slide guides, first and second cams mounted axially adjacent in torque-proof manners on the camshaft, and a cam follower adjustable between a first position, in which the cam follower is drivingly connected with the first cam, and a second position, in which the cam follower is drivingly connected with the second cam. The valve train may also include an adjustment arrangement having adjustable mechanical first and second engagement elements for axially adjusting the cam follower between first and second positions. Each engagement element may be adjustable between basic positions, in which no contact exists with a respective one of the slide guides, and switching positions, in which the respective engagement element cooperates with the slide guide. Each engagement element may have a spring that prestresses it into the switching position.

Abstract: A compression-release brake system is provided that includes a lost motion exhaust rocker assembly, an actuation piston, and a reset device. The actuation piston includes an actuation piston body that is slidably received by the rocker arm to define a piston cavity in the rocker arm and is movable between piston retracted and extended positions. The actuation piston is configured to be operatively associated with the exhaust valve to permit unseating of the exhaust valve from the seated state. An actuation piston check valve is configured to move between closed and open positions to permit hydraulic fluid flow through an actuation piston communication port to the piston cavity. The reset device includes a reset check valve and a reset pressure control spring for applying a biasing force to the reset check valve to urge the reset check valve toward an open position.

Abstract: A two-cycle internal combustion engine with rear compression chamber, other than that of a crank case. This present engine has valves that can be screwed on the engine block near top dead center, and is actuated by air pressure. This present two-cycle engine yet uses an oil sump similar to that of a four-cycle engine, which eliminating the need to premix oil with the fuel. This present engine has a stationary piston which operates within a movable piston to form a rear-compression chamber. The movable piston has ports near its crown to transfer charge to the combustion chamber. The movable piston also has ports near bottom of its skirt to allow the fuel and air mixture to enter the rear compression chamber. This engine has a piston seat which is adapted to connect the movable piston to the connecting rod.

Abstract: An engine assembly is provided. The engine assembly comprises an oil system comprising: a first oil pump configured to supply oil at a first pressure to one or more first components of the engine assembly; and a second oil pump configured to supply oil at a second pressure to one or more second components of the engine assembly, the second pressure being higher than the first pressure; wherein the second oil pump is provided adjacent to a valve train of the engine assembly.

Abstract: A rotary internal combustion engine with a housing having a fluid passage defined therethrough opening into a portion of its inner surface engaging each peripheral or apex seal of the rotor. An injector has an inlet for fluid communication with a pressurized lubricant source and a selectively openable and closable outlet in fluid communication with the fluid passage for delivering the pressurized lubricant to each seal through the fluid passage. A housing for a Wankel engine and a method of lubricating peripheral seals of a rotor in an internal combustion engine are also discussed.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, the cylinder block includes a first blowby gas passage and a first oil return passage. The cylinder head includes a second blowby gas passage connecting the first blowby gas passage with a connection passage connected with a gas-liquid separator, an oil return chamber separated from a valve operating chamber and the second blowby gas passage by first and second partition walls, respectively, and provided with a first oil return hole connected with the gas-liquid separator, and a second oil return passage connecting the valve operating chamber with the first oil return passage. The first partition wall is formed with a second oil return hole connecting the oil return chamber with the valve operating chamber. The second partition wall is formed with a ventilation hole connecting the oil return chamber with the second blowby gas passage at a higher position than the second oil return hole.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine has a volume element such as a muffler or a silencer. First and second exhaust pipes are connected as dual exhaust pipes upstream of or downstream of the volume element. The first exhaust pipe has a first length (L1). A valve is positioned in the second exhaust pipe at a distance (D) from the volume element. The distance D is a fraction of L1 such that the second pipe is a resonator for the first pipe with the valve in a closed position. A method of controlling exhaust noise includes positioning a valve in the first exhaust pipe at a distance (D) from a volume element with D being a specified fraction of a length of the second exhaust pipe, and closing the valve such that the first pipe provides a resonator for the second pipe to counteract standing wave in the second pipe.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for regeneration of a particulate filter including a filter body having a filter paper looped along a plurality of rolling guides. At least one rolling guide may be a roller heater having a motor and a heater. Activation of the roller heater based on a pressure difference across the particulate filter regenerates the particulate filter during a regeneration phase and positions a regenerated section of the filter paper for trapping soot in a subsequent soot loading phase.

Abstract: An apparatus for purifying an exhaust gas passing through an exhaust pipe includes a catalytic converter disposed on the exhaust pipe. The catalytic converter is provided with a lean NOx trap (LNT) device, the LNT device having an LNT catalyst coated therein, and a catalyzed particulate filter (CPF), the CPF having a catalyst coated therein, and the LNT device and the CPF are sequentially disposed in the catalytic converter.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system includes: a NOx reduction catalyst for reducing and purifying NOx in an exhaust gas; a catalyst regeneration control module for executing a catalyst regeneration process of restoring a NOx purification capacity of the NOx reduction catalyst by switching an air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas from a lean state to a rich state by using in parallel an air system control to reduce an intake air amount and an injection system control to increase a fuel injection amount; an exhaust gas temperature sensor that is provided on a downstream side of the NOx reduction catalyst on an exhaust passageway; a catalyst temperature estimating module for estimating a catalyst temperature of the NOx reduction catalyst; a temperature sensor value estimating module for estimating a sensor value of the exhaust gas temperature sensor; and an abnormality determination module for determining on an abnormality of a catalyst regeneration process.

Abstract: There is provided an exhaust gas purification system including: a NOx storage-reduction catalyst that is provided in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine to reduce and purify NOx in exhaust gas; a degree of deterioration estimation module 120 for estimating a degree of deterioration of the NOx storage-reduction catalyst; a regeneration control unit 100 for executing a regeneration process in which exhaust gas is enriched so as to restore a NOx storage capacity of the NOx storage-reduction catalyst; an interval setting module for setting a target interval from an end of the regeneration process to a start of the subsequent regeneration process by the regeneration control unit; and an interval target value correction module for correcting the target interval based on the degree of deterioration that is estimated by the degree of deterioration estimation module.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes an electrically conductive shell defining an exhaust pathway. The shell includes a tapered portion that tapers inward toward a longitudinal axis of the shell to define a narrowing region of the exhaust pathway. The exhaust system further includes an ionization assembly and an electrical subsystem that applies an electrical potential difference between the shell and at least a portion of the ionization assembly located within the exhaust pathway. The ionization assembly includes a support arm located within the exhaust pathway that extends into the narrowing region of the exhaust pathway. The ionization assembly further includes a plurality of electrically conductive discs mounted on and supported by the support arm. The ionization assembly is electrically insulated from the shell by an electrically insulating support structure.

Abstract: A method and system for non-uniform catalyst heating for reducing exhaust gas emissions when the catalyst is below a predetermined light off temperature is provided. The method includes providing a catalyst formed of a plurality of electrically conductive subsections and at least one catalyst heating device that is operable to heat at least one of the plurality of electrically conductive subsections of the catalyst to form at least one predetermined non-uniform heating pattern. A heater control module is provided for controlling the operation of the at least one catalyst heating device. If the engine is in a cold start condition, then the heater control module causes the at least one catalyst heating device to heat at least one of the electrically conductive subsections of the catalyst to obtain a first predetermined non-uniform heating pattern.

Abstract: A method for controlling emissions from a power plant having an ammonia injection grid that includes a plurality of ammonia injection points includes the steps of injecting ammonia into a flow of exhaust gas at an injection location, the injection of ammonia defining a spatial distribution of ammonia across an exhaust gas flowpath, measuring at least one parameter of the exhaust gas downstream from the injection location, comparing a measured value for the at least one parameter of the exhaust gas to a threshold value for the at least one parameter and, if the measured value for the at least one parameter exceeds the threshold value for the at least one parameter, automatically modifying the spatial distribution of ammonia injection across the exhaust gas flowpath.

Abstract: A nitrous oxide (N2O) removal catalyst composite is provided, comprising a N2O removal catalytic material on a substrate, the catalytic material comprising a rhodium (Rh) component supported on a ceria-based support, wherein the catalyst composite has a H2-consumption peak of about 100° C. or less as measured by hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). Methods of making and using the same are also provided.

Abstract: A system for treating engine exhaust gas, which engine exhaust gas has a temperature of between T1 and T2, comprises a SCR reactor for converting NOx in a medium containing the engine exhaust gas into N2 and H2O. The SCR reactor has an inlet for receiving the medium and an outlet for outputting the NOx reduced medium. A first boiler unit has an outlet for outputting boiler exhaust gas (temperature greater than T3, T3>T1) from the first boiler unit. A mixing unit mixes the engine exhaust gas with the boiler exhaust gas to produce the medium. The mixing unit has a first inlet communicating with the engine for receiving the engine exhaust gas, a second inlet communicating with the outlet of the first boiler unit for receiving the boiler exhaust gas and an outlet for outputting the medium. The mixing unit outlet communicates with the inlet of the SCR reactor.

Abstract: An exhaust device of an engine is provided, which includes an exhaust port formed in a cylinder head and connected to an exhaust aperture of a cylinder, an exhaust manifold disposed on a side surface of the cylinder head and formed with a first exhaust passage, an exhaust path constituting part disposed on a side of the exhaust manifold opposite from the cylinder head, and formed with a second exhaust passage, a catalyst disposed on a downstream side of the exhaust path constituting part, an upstream gasket disposed between the side surface of the cylinder head and an upstream connecting member of the manifold, and a downstream gasket disposed between a downstream connecting member of the manifold and an exhaust-manifold-side connecting member of the exhaust path constituting part. The upstream gasket has a larger thermal resistance in an exhaust gas flow direction than the downstream gasket.

Abstract: An engine system includes an internal combustion engine having an exhaust system with an SCR aftertreatment mechanism and a urea injector upstream the aftertreatment mechanism. A mixing mechanism is positioned fluidly between the urea injector and the aftertreatment mechanism and includes a turbulator and a swirler structured to increase mixing of the urea and exhaust gases. Related methodology is also disclosed.

Abstract: A heat exchanger comprises a plurality of heat exchange segments juxtaposed in a housing, and a plug member connected fluid-tightly to the housing, and supporting the heat exchange segments to provide a coolant or cooling medium passage in each gap between the heat exchange segments adjacent to each other. Each heat exchange segment comprises a case having an opening only on a surface of the case, at least outside of the opening being plugged fluid-tightly by the plug member, and a guide member, e.g., fin accommodated in the case, and provided with a plurality of passages allowing only gas flow in a predetermined direction, and gas intake passages and gas exhaust passages at the upstream and downstream thereof, wherein an opening of the case is provided with a gas inlet port communicated with the gas intake passage, and a gas outlet port communicated with the gas exhaust passages.

Abstract: A nitrogen oxide purification system includes an exhaust line exhausting exhaust gas from a combustion chamber. A first nitrogen oxide purification device is mounted at an upstream side of the exhaust line to primarily purify nitrogen oxides (NOx) included in the exhaust gas, and a second nitrogen oxide purification device is mounted to a downstream side of the first nitrogen oxide purification device to secondarily purify the NOx. A second injector is disposed between the first nitrogen oxide purification device and the first injector to additionally inject fuel for controlling an air/fuel ratio of the exhaust gas.