Abstract: To provide a wire for a taper-faced compression ring, which can be provided with a running-in surface (contact surface) uniformly and rapidly in the production process of the taper-faced compression ring, a surface of the wire corresponding to an outer peripheral surface of the ring is provided with adjacent outward inclined first and second tapered portions, the inclination angle ?2 of the second tapered portion being larger than the inclination angle ?1 of the first tapered portion, and an outer end of the second tapered portion being located radially outward than an outer end of the first tapered portion by 0.005-0.05 mm. A long-life taper-faced compression ring with reduced friction and improved fuel efficiency is formed by the above wire, the second tapered portion having a lapped surface located radially outward than an outer end of the first tapered portion by 0.001-0.048 mm.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to propose an edging method that is quick, effective, easy to implement and makes it possible to obtain a lightweight panel. To this end, the aim of the invention is a method for sealingly edging a composite panel comprising; *a step (a) of providing a composite panel of redefined thickness having two planar faces and a side to be edged, and of providing a sealing strip made from a polymer material having a width greater than the thickness of the composite panel, and comprising a first face, referred to as the “inner” face, and a second face, referred to as the “outer” face, in reference to the position of use of same: *a step (b) of applying the strip and an adhesive to the side and to a peripheral portion of the planar faces of the composite panel in such a way that the adhesive is located between the composite panel and the inner face of the strip, which sealingly protects the composite panel against dust, foreign bodies and the absorption of moisture.

Abstract: A seal land for a gas turbine engine can include a seal body circumferentially extending about a longitudinal centerline axis. The seal body includes at least one sealing surface that extends in a plane that is transverse to the longitudinal centerline axis.

Abstract: In a gasket which is installed to an installation groove provided in one member of two members facing to each other and comes into close contact with the other member, and has a seal projection coming into contact with a groove side surface of the installation groove, and provided over a whole periphery of the gasket in a side surface of the gasket, a concavity is provided in a part on a circumference of the gasket in the side surface of the gasket, for venting air when the gasket is installed to the installation groove. The concavity is formed into a shape having a predetermined curvature in a longitudinal direction of the gasket. The gasket can prevent the pressing resistance at a time of installing the gasket from being enlarged, and prevent the gasket from floating up from the installation groove due to the spring back of the sealed air.

Abstract: A seal with, on the one hand, a support body in the form of a carrier ring with an axial leg and, on the other hand, a sealing washer which is placed or arranged on the carrier ring and which surrounds the axial leg on the outer periphery, said carrier ring being made of a metallic material, wherein the carrier ring is made of a sheet of the HYS type.

Abstract: The invention provides a snorkel valve (2) for controlling a flow of fluid into a deployable submarine mast, the snorkel valve comprising: a valve body (30) having: a tubular wall having an outer surface and an inner surface on the reverse side of the outer surface, the inner surface defining an inner bore (32); a valve inlet (38) extending through the tubular wall to fluidly connect the outer surface and the inner bore; and a valve outlet (40) in fluid communication with the inner bore, and a sleeve (42) slidable within the said inner bore between a closed position in which it covers the said valve inlet to thereby inhibit water from flowing into the inner bore through the valve inlet, and an open position in which at least a portion of the said valve inlet is uncovered by the sleeve to thereby allow air to flow into the said inner bore through the said valve inlet.

Abstract: A vacuum valve includes a valve housing (1) having a first housing part (1a) and a second housing part (1b), between which a ring-shaped housing seal (3b) is arranged, and a closure member (9) which is adjustable between an open position in which the vacuum valve is open and a closed position in which the vacuum valve is closed. The housing seal (3b) is mounted on a ring-shaped carrier (3a). Additionally on the carrier (3a) radially inside the housing seal (3b) is mounted a ring-shaped seat seal (3c) against which the closure member (9) is pressed with the closure member (9) in the closed position, wherein the seat seal (3c) abuts against a sealing face of the valve housing (1).

Abstract: A flow control valve includes an inlet, an outlet, and defines a fluid flow path. A valve seat is disposed within a valve body, and a valve plug in the valve body is surrounded by a cage. An exterior surface of the valve plug includes a plurality of notch sets, each notch set spaced apart from an adjacent notch set along the longitudinal axis, and the cage is disposed within the valve body and arranged to retain the valve seat, with an interior of the cage including a plurality of annular recesses. The annular recesses are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis, and the cage includes a plurality of apertures forming a portion of the fluid flow path. The notch sets and the recesses are arranged to form a plurality of turns in the fluid flow path when the valve plug is shifted toward the open position.

Abstract: Embodiments of an apparatus that provide functions to set and to verify the set point of a valve assembly in a single device. These embodiments forgo the need to use of two separate devices, one each to accomplish the tasks to set the set point and to verify the set point. Rather, the apparatus incorporates components that can assume different configurations including a first configuration that facilitates the task for setting the set point and a second configuration that facilitates the task of verifying the set point.

Abstract: A valve includes a housing, in which a first valve body is accommodated so that it is moveable in a direction of a longitudinal axis, a first valve seat configured to be closed by the first valve body and arranged on the housing, a first fluid flow path extending from a first connection via the first valve seat to a second connection, a second valve seat closeable by a moveable second valve body, the second valve body formed separately from the first valve body, a second fluid flow path extending from the first connection via a bypass duct in the first valve body, onwards via the second valve seat to the second connection, so that pressure at the first connection is limited upwardly by the first and the second valve body in that hydraulic fluid is led to the second connection via the first fluid flow path.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, a pressure relief valve system comprises a valve body coupled to a pressure chamber. The valve body defines a vapor flow path between the pressure chamber and the atmosphere. A valve orifice in the valve body is configured to allow vapor to flow between the pressure chamber and the valve body. A vapor conduit comprises a vapor conduit first end coupled to the valve orifice and a second end opening into the pressure chamber. The vapor conduit forms a passageway between the vapor conduit first and second end. The vapor conduit also comprises a vapor conduit orifice near its first end. The vapor conduit orifice is configured to allow the vapor to flow from the pressure chamber into the vapor conduit. A gravity-operated valve positioned near the vapor conduit first end is configured to control the flow of vapor through the vapor conduit orifice.

Abstract: A unisex ball valve coupling includes an interface end that engages an interface end of a mating coupling half assembly. A valve of the coupling has a valve body, which has an open position in which fluid flow is permitted through the internal passage and a closed position in which the valve body closes off fluid flow through the internal passage. A valve shaft rotates with the valve body between the open position and the closed position. The valve shaft has a first surface. A blocking member is movable from a blocking position to a non-blocking position within the body portion. In the blocking position, the blocking member engages the first surface of the valve shaft to secure the valve body in the closed position and, in the non-blocking position, the blocking member does not engage the first surface of the valve shaft to permit opening of the valve.

Abstract: A surge relief valve includes a piston housing and a piston located within the housing for reciprocal motion. The surge relief valve also includes a position sensor to resolve the axial position of the piston relative to the piston housing. The position sensor includes a sensor body coupled to the piston housing and a movable element configured to move linearly relative to the sensor body and configured to move axially with the piston. At a least portion of the sensor body is located within the piston housing.

Abstract: Systems and methods for testing a valve using valve signatures are provided. An analytical device receives a first valve signature from a portable measurement device. The portable measurement device obtains the first valve signature by causing a plurality of control signals to be applied to the valve and receiving data representing actual positions of the valve corresponding to the applied control signals. The analytical device may generate an image including a graphical representation of the first valve signature and a second valve signature that was measured prior to or after the first valve signature.

Abstract: A valve includes a body with an inlet at a first end of the body, and an outlet at a second end of the body. A first electrically resistive heating element is located in the inlet and heats a first fluid source to a temperature above 0 degrees C. A second electrically resistive heating element is located in the outlet and heats a second fluid source to a temperature above 0 degrees C.

Abstract: A method for removing from a terrain (T) a buried longitudinal portion (P) of a substantially cylindrical pipe made of a ductile material and of a type suitable for use in oil pipelines, water pipelines, gas pipelines or the like, which method comprises steps of: digging at least an excavation (S1, S2) in the terrain (T), at a longitudinal end (P1, P2) of the buried portion (P) to be removed, such as to make the end accessible; making at least a through-cut in the wall of the portion (P) of pipe to be removed, so as to obtain at least a strip having two opposite longitudinal edges which define a width of the strip that is smaller than a circumference of a wall of the portion (P) of pipe; taking the strip and removing it from the terrain, passing it through the excavation (S1, S2); and obstructing the underground volume that has housed the portion (P) of the pipe (P) and the excavation (S1, S2) with filler material.

Abstract: A mounting system for pipes, the mounting system including a mounting plate for being fixed onto a support, a pipe holder integral with the mounting plate and including a first supporting surface and a second supporting surface, each supporting surface being designed to accommodate a pipe and including a different shape from that of the other supporting surface, and adjustment structure designed to ensure a displacement of the pipe holder on the mounting plate along an adjustment direction and to ensure a blocking of the pipe holder on the mounting plate.

Abstract: A pipe support structure which is constructed to utilize the Coriolis force and the reaction force caused, thereby making it possible to suppress the hose compliance amount in the high temperature area while maintaining the degree of freedom of mountability specific for the resin pipe and to realize the above suppressing effect by the simple construction and at a low cost.

Abstract: A pass through fitting for a cable or the like comprises a split bolt having a threaded shank and a nut which can be locked on the shank to prevent rotation therebetween. A passageway extends through the split bolt for receiving one or more cables. The fitting would be supported in a structure, such as a boat hull, through which it is desired to run the cable. The fitting may be sealed at the head, against the structure, to be watertight.

Abstract: A pipe or fitting having a polymer liner and a replaceable component including an outer ring having an outside diameter matching the inside diameter of the pipe or fitting, a polymer liner bonded to the outer ring and having an inside diameter matching the inside diameter of the liner of the pipe or fitting. The replaceable component is disposed in an inlet or outlet of the pipe or fitting so as to form a continuous bore lined with a polymer.

Abstract: A layer for directing a hydraulic fluid includes a first fluoropolymer, a first crosslinker, and an anti-static additive. The first fluoropolymer is present in an amount greater than 60 parts by weight, the first crosslinker is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 10 parts by weight, and the anti-static additive is present in an amount of from about 0.4 to about 4 parts by weight, each based on 100 parts by weight of the layer. The layer may be included in a layered tube. In addition to the layer, the layered tube also includes an outer layer. The outer layer includes a second fluoropolymer, which is the same as or different than the first fluoropolymer. The second fluoropolymer is present in an amount greater than 60 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the outer layer.

Abstract: Submarine flexible pipe includes a metal flexible carcass, an inner polymeric liner arranged in a radially outer position with respect to the metal flexible carcass, a protective polymeric outer sheath and a mechanical armor structure arranged in a radially inner position with respect to the protective polymeric outer sheath, the mechanical armor structure being potentially exposed to water contact. The mechanical armor structure includes a pressure resistant armor and a tensile armor arranged in a radially outer position with respect to the inner polymeric liner. The mechanical armor structure includes a plurality of carbon steel elongated elements, each of the carbon steel elongated elements being coated by an aluminum cladding.

Abstract: An assembly having a fitting body, a structure, an annular cavity within the fitting body, a grip ring, a seal element, and a spacing element. The structure has an end that is received in the fitting body. The annular cavity is disposed within the fitting body between an interior surface of the fitting body and an exterior surface of the structure. The grip ring, seal element, and spacing element are disposed in the annular cavity in a side-by-side relationship. The grip ring includes a plurality of first teeth that engage the exterior surface of the structure. Both the seal element and the spacing element extend radially across a height of the annular cavity such that the seal element and the spacing element each contact and sealingly engage the exterior surface of the structure and the interior surface of the fitting body.

Abstract: A system includes a conduit and a gasket assembly. The conduit includes a body and has a bell defining an opening disposed at one end of the conduit. The bell includes a ridge defining a circumferential internal groove, a sloping portion defining an internal recessed area and disposed adjacent to the ridge, and an abutment end inwardly extending from the sloping portion in a direction that is perpendicular to a central axis defined by the bell. The gasket assembly is disposed within the internal groove. The gasket assembly includes a plurality of gripping inserts each comprising a hollow body and an elastomeric gasket having a circular shape and being disposed within the hollow bodies defines by the plurality of gripping inserts.

Abstract: A connecting apparatus for creating a connection to a measuring instrument or to a valve block/valve with a measuring instrument, and a connection to a pipeline or to a metering orifice device installed in a pipeline comprises: a first connecting device that provides a sealing connection to the pipeline or to the metering orifice device with a first recess extending through in the longitudinal direction, and a second connecting device that provides a sealing connection to the measuring instrument or to the valve block/valve with a second recess extending through in the longitudinal direction. The first and second connecting devices are interconnected with sealing effect. The connecting unit is designed so that the sealing connection can be created solely by rotation of the connecting unit without rotating the first and second connecting devices.

Abstract: A joint is connected to a tube and includes a joint body, nut, and ring. The joint body has a tube coupling part and a main body thread part. The nut has a nut thread part and a constricted diameter part. The ring is arranged in a space radially inward of the nut thread part. The ring abuts an abutted part of the nut. The ring has a Young's modulus greater than the tube. The ring has a curved surface part at least at a radially inward portion of the ring axially on the joint body side, the curved surface part bulging radially inward of the ring and axially toward the joint body side. A maximum thickness of the ring in a radial direction is defined as 2r, an axial length of the curved surface part of the ring is defined as h, and ?=h/r being 0.5 to 1.2.

Abstract: A conduit fitting of the type having first and second threaded fitting components and at least one conduit gripping device, further includes a stroke limiting member that allows the fitting to be pulled up by applying a predetermined torque. In one embodiment, the stroke limiting member may be a non-integral torque collar and in another embodiment the stroke limiting member may be two engaging surfaces integrally formed with the fitting components. Alternatively, the fitting may also be pulled up by turns. In still another embodiment, a stroke limiting member is provided that may be used to enable a fitting that is designed to be pulled up by turns to also be pulled up by torque. The stroke limiting member facilitates many remakes of the fitting, including remakes by torque.

Abstract: Component connector for connecting cylindrical components includes an elastic sleeve which surrounds the components, the elastic sleeve can be braced, a radially deformable fixing sleeve is provided which encloses elastic sleeve. Elastic sleeve is braced via radial deformation of fixing sleeve in a perpendicular direction to a longitudinal axis of fixing sleeve, and at least one clamping ring is provided for radially deforming fixing sleeve. Fixing sleeve has a profiled outer wall and clamping ring has an oppositely profiled inner wall so clamping ring can be pushed concentrically onto fixing sleeve in an accurately fitting manner, during a relative rotation of clamping ring, placed in an accurately fitting manner, in a closing direction, the fixing sleeve can be deformed radially inwardly by the surface profiling; and, during a relative rotation of clamping ring counter to the closing direction, the surface profiling prevents any rotation.

Abstract: A coupling for attaching to an end of a tube, pipe, conduit or other round solid or hollow section. The coupling includes an inner body and a collar to be provided around the inner body. The inner body has an interior bore passing through at least a portion thereof to receive a tube and the bore has one or more interior annular protuberances extending into the bore. When the collar is provided around the inner body it applies a circumferential compressive force to deform the inner body such that the one or more annular protuberances engage the tube to seal with it.

Abstract: The connector assembly includes a housing with an open bore which extends along an axis from an open first end to an open second end. The housing further includes a plurality of fingers that are spaced circumferentially from one another and are deflectable in a radial direction. At least one of the fingers has a plurality of teeth that are spaced axially from one another and extend into the open bore of the housing for biting into the first tube to resist pull out of the first tube from the open bore. Each of the teeth also extends by a height to a leading edge of an engagement surface which also includes an angled portion that extends at an angle relative to the axis. The axially spaced teeth have at least one of differing heights and differing angles of the angled portions.

Abstract: A coupling for conveying a fluid between a stationary part and a rotatable part having confronting ports centered on a rotation axis of the rotatable part has an axially extending tube fixed in the port of one of the parts and extending toward the port of the other of the parts and a control element axially slidable on the tube. The one part, the tube, and the control element form an annular chamber around the tube pressurizable for axially shifting the control element. A first slide ring is connected to the control element and carries a seal ring turned toward the port of the other part, and a second ring on the other part at the port thereof axially bears on the first slide ring so that pressurization of chamber presses the slide rings axially against each other.

Abstract: A connector adapted to form a fluid tight connection includes first and second housing sections defining a fluid path. A locking element is configured to selectively lock the first and second housing sections together. A slide seal is positioned generally between the first and second housing sections and is movable between a first, blocking position in which the slide seal blocks and seals the fluid path and a second, unblocking position in which the fluid path is unblocked.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for tapping into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle. The assembly includes a tapping tool connectable to the tubular via a saddle connection and an adjustable tapping clamp with adjustable support/locking feet, compression plate with view ports, and angularly adjustable hot tapping system, along with a drill/saw system.

Abstract: The combination of an underground valve, for a supply line and having an underground actuator through which a state of the valve can be changed to control flow within the supply line, and a conduit assembly defining an access passage through which above ground access can be gained to the valve actuator. The conduit assembly further has a cap that can be selectively changed between: a) a first state wherein the cap blocks an entry opening; and b) a second state wherein above ground access can be gained to the valve actuator through the entry opening and access passage. A part of the cap and another part of the conduit assembly interact and are relatively moved as the cap is changed between the first and second states. At least one of: a) the part of the cap; and b) the another part of the conduit assembly is made from a non-metal material.

Abstract: A liner assembly and method for lining a damaged pipe junction between a main and lateral pipe is provided. The liner assembly includes a main liner member and a lateral liner tube. A collar disposed near the juncture between the main liner member and lateral liner tube is impregnated with a liquid hydrophobic or hydrophilic material capable of curing in a flexible or rigid state with the material expanding in the presence of water. The hydrophobic or hydrophilic material can also be applied without the use of the collar. When the liner assembly is pressed against the main and lateral pipes, a portion of the hydrophilic or hydrophobic material is forced into the damaged pipe junction.

Abstract: Tubing everting apparatus, assemblies, and methods are disclosed herein. The tubing everting apparatus include a pressure chamber that defines an internal volume, a liner inlet port that is configured to receive a flexible tube liner into the internal volume, an inlet sealing structure that is configured to resist fluid flow therepast from the pressure chamber, and a liner outlet port that is configured to permit the flexible tube liner to extend from the internal volume. In some embodiments, the apparatus include a lubricator that is configured to apply a lubricant to the flexible tube liner. In some embodiments, the apparatus include a non-deflation valve that is configured to selectively transition between open and closed states. The assemblies include the apparatus and a cart that includes a lubricant reservoir. The methods include methods of operating the apparatus.

Abstract: A tubular lining material for reinforcing pipelines, utilizable in a pipe-lining method wherein the tubular lining material, having a binder disposed on the inner surface thereof, is inserted into a pipeline and is allowed to advance within the pipeline as the tubular lining material is turned inside out under fluid pressure whereby the tubular lining material is applied to the inner surface of the pipeline with the binder being interposed between the pipeline and the tubular lining material, said tubular lining material including an outer layer of an impervious material and provided on the inside thereof with an inner reinforcing tubular jacket wherein the inner reinforcing tubular jacket includes at least two sheets of high tensile strength and/or high modulus fibers and wherein the sheets overlap at least two locations and wherein said overlap portions extend in the lengthwise direction of the inner tubular jacket.

Abstract: A crack arrestor apparatus and method for making same by applying layers of a composite material of non-metallic fibers and resin around a length of pipe; the fibers generally aligned with the pipe circumference. The applied layers have a thicker portion in the middle and a thinner portion on the ends. Part of the pipe covered by the thicker portion is then yielded by application of radial force past the elastic limit of the pipe, thereby creating circumferential tension on the composite. At least a portion of the composite remains in circumferential tension upon release of the radial force. The residual stresses in the yielded metal pipe assist to arrest crack propagation. Thereby, the process to arrest a crack in a metal pipe includes maintaining circumferential tension in a composite residing around the pipe while maintaining compressive circumferential residual stress on the metal pipe covered by the composite.

Abstract: A food processing apparatus has a frame assembly in which frame members are joined using adhesive, such as an epoxy. The frame members are comprised of stainless steel and the adhesive is applied so that exterior surfaces of the stainless steel frame members are free of any adhesive residue. Adhesive may be used to join exterior frame members as well as interior frame members, such as those used to support mechanical components of the processing apparatus.

Abstract: A mechanism geometrically constituted with twelve axes can be manipulated for spherical coordinate kinematics. Concerning the major improvement of the invention, one of the two geometric tetrahedron frames which were ever specified by our two pre-inventions (U.S. Pat. No. 8,579,714 B2/US20120083347A1 and US20150082934A1) is decoupled and reconstructed as two separated terminal frames which are constituted by two individual geometric arcs. The other one of the two geometric tetrahedron frames without changing its original geometric definition is inherited in the invention and renamed as a base frame. Comparing to the original single geometric tetrahedron, the mechanism newly developed by two individual geometric arcs is suffering fewer constraints and gaining more work space. If a terminal saddle is equipped onto a terminal frame, the newly developed mechanism can be increased extra payload capability.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a controlling device, a gimbal on which the controlling device is applied and a method for controlling a gimbal.

Abstract: A system for mounting a flat panel television or display to a surface such as a wall. A base plate is configured to operatively connect to a surface, while an adapter plate is configured to operatively connect to a display device. A plurality of connecting arms are used to operatively connect the base plate to the adapter plate. Each of the plurality of connecting arms includes a base plate engagement portion slidably engageable with slots in the base plate and an adapter plate engagement portion operatively connected to the adapter plate. Movement of the base plate engagement portions within the base plate's slots results in a translational movement of the adapter plate relative to the base plate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a utility platform assembly a having a utility platform, an insulative liner, and a liner retention system. The insulative liner presents a complementary shape to, and is disposed in, the utility platform. The insulative liner is secured in place and protected from damage by the liner retention system. The liner retention system is disposed atop and through the liner near the top edge or edges of the insulative liner. The edge or edges of the insulative liner are therefore disposed between the liner retention system and the lip of the sidewall of the utility platform. The liner retention system generally comprises at least one retaining bar with an associated plurality of fastener receptors and fasteners.

Abstract: Provided herein is a crane tie arm assembly for connecting a crane to a structure. The assembly comprises: (i) a first arm comprising a cylindrical female end portion having a plurality of internal, elongate protuberances parallel to one another and arranged in axially extending columns; and (ii) a second arm comprising a cylindrical male end portion having a plurality of spaced external, elongate protuberances, which protuberances are arranged in axially extending columns on the external surface thereof for mating engagement with channels formed between protuberances of the female end portion. The assembly can be coupled and locked in place by sliding the male end portion axially into the female end portion and then rotating either end portion circumferentially to sufficiently to engage surfaces of the protuberances with the channels. A stop element is disposed on the female end portion or the male end portion for preventing over-elongation of the assembly.

Abstract: An umbrella mounting system for PURPOSE includes a cart that may be urged along a support surface. The cart has a plurality of horizontal members. An umbrella is provided that has a shaft and a canopy. A mounting unit is removably coupled to the cart. The mounting unit insertably receives the shaft such that the canopy is positioned over the cart. Thus, the umbrella shades an area around the cart.

Abstract: Provided is an X-beam structure including: a plurality of beams extending in X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions and formed in a lattice pattern and a plurality of cross intersections at which an X-axis beam, a Y-axis beam, and a Z-axis beam meet one another, wherein in the X-beam structure in which a cross section of each beam has the geometry of a right-angled X, and the beam intersections are formed with one continuous beam and the two other joining beams are attached and welded onto the continuous beam.

Abstract: A liquefied gas treatment system includes: a liquefied gas supply line connected from a liquefied gas storing tank to a source of demand, a pump provided on the liquefied gas supply line, and configured to pressurize liquefied gas discharged from the liquefied gas storing tank, a heat exchanger provided on the liquefied gas supply line between the source of demand and the pump, and configured to heat exchange the liquefied gas supplied from the pump with heat transfer media, a media heater configured to heat the heat transfer media, a media circulation line connected from the media heater to the heat exchanger, and a controller configured to change a flow rate of the heat transfer media flowing into the media heater or calories supplied to the heat transfer media by the media heater on the basis of a flow rate of the liquefied gas supplied to the heat exchanger

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method for measuring quantity of a material are disclosed. One or more sensors are used to measure the quantity of the material are measured and error causing parameters are also measured. Error causing parameters are processed by executing one or more correction methodologies to determine a correction output. The quantity of the material is measured by using the correction output. One or values associated with the quantity of the material are measured and displayed. The one or more values are transmitted to a server and informative messages are received from the server.

Abstract: An apparatus, manufacture and method of illumination support being a single monolithic substrate with light emitting diodes mounted on the external sides of the monolithic substrate. The necessary circuitry for the LEDs is embedded in one or more rigid or flexible electrical substrate that is affixed to one or more of the external sides of the monolithic substrate. The two terminal ends of the monolithic substrate are designed to fit into the lamp sockets of an existing or new light fixture without the use of end caps or end socket adapters, which provides structural support for the monolithic substrate.

Abstract: A lighting device (1) and a method of manufacturing a lighting device is provided. The lighting device comprises an envelope (100), a light generating unit (120), a stem (130) arranged to support the light generating unit inside the envelope, and a mechanical fastening part (110) arranged to fasten the light generating unit at the stem. The mechanical fastening part comprises at least one protrusion (115) and the light generating unit comprises at least one hole (126) adapted to mate with the at least one protrusion so as to fasten the light generating unit to the mechanical fastening part.