Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an organic acid using algal biomass, The present invention pertains to the production of organic acids such as succinic acid using Euglena , by means of a method containing; either a nitrogen deficient culture step in which Euglena is cultured. aerobically under nitrogen-deficient conditions or a heterotrophic culture step in which Euglena is cultured aerobically using a culture medium containing a carbon source; and an anaerobic culture step in which the culture product obtained in the nitrogen-deficient culture step is incubated under anaerobic conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a lactic acid bacterium belonging to Lactobacillus kunkeei, the bacterium having a higher IgA production inducing activity than that of Lactobacillus strain GG (ATCC53103), and a lower mitogenic activity and a lower IL-2 production inducing activity than those of Listeria strain EGD; and a food composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a cosmetic composition, an immunostimulant for preventing the infection by pathogens or viruses that invade through the respiratory or esophageal mucosa, and an intestinal immunostimulant for preventing or alleviating food poisoning, each of which contains the lactic acid bacterium or treated cells of the lactic acid bacterium.

Abstract: The properties of microbial pellicles are tuned by adjusting the physical culture conditions. A culture of Gluconacetobacter xylinus can be grown in a liquid growth media having a surface exposed to air so that a basal pellicle of microbial cellulose forms on the surface. Feeding the culture by adding additional liquid growth media at the surface, thereby submerging the basal pellicle; and then allowing the culture to grow again forms a second pellicle of microbial cellulose.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for preventing or treating neoplastic disease in a mammalian subject. A composition is provided which comprises an enriched immune cell population reactive to a human endogenous retrovirus type E antigen on a tumor cell. A method of treating a neoplastic disease in a mammalian subject is provided which comprises administering to a mammalian subject a composition comprising an enriched immune cell population reactive to a human endogenous retrovirus type E antigen, in an amount effective to reduce or eliminate the neoplastic disease or to prevent its occurrence or recurrence.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a genetically modified cell (e.g., stem cells) containing a complete or partial gene deletion of one or more genes of a blood group antigen (BGA) biosynthesis or transportation pathway. The systems and methods provided herein facilitate the generation of blood substitutes (e.g., blood cells).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and methods to increase the expression of PD-L1 and/or IDO-1 in a population of cells, the modulated cells expressing increased PD-L1 and/or IDO-1, and methods related to the immunosuppressive effects obtained by cells expressing increased PD-L1 and/or IDO-1.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards methods for producing cell and tissue compositions suitable for therapeutic applications to a mammal in need of a therapeutic cell or tissue treatment. In particular, the invention is directed towards a method of culturing cells for use in therapy, which method comprises (i) culturing a sample of cells in a first cell culture medium and (ii) prior to harvesting cells for use in therapy culturing the cells in a second cell culture medium.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of inducing differentiation of stem into myogenic cells without gene manipulation and for inducing proliferation of satellite cells. The cells can be used as a source of cells for transplantation in a subject in need thereof. Also disclosed is a screening assay for screening test compounds using blastomere cultures.

Abstract: Provided are an in vitro fibrosis model, a method of preparing the in vitro model, and use of the in vitro model, the in vitro model including a cell cluster differentiated from mesenchymal cells, wherein the cell cluster exhibits pathological characteristics of fibrosis.

Abstract: Enhanced postnatal adherent cells and a preparation method therefor are provided. The preparation method of enhanced postnatal adherent cells can increase the yield and the proliferation rate of adherent cells from placental tissues; and prepare adherent cells, which secrete proteins effective for neurological diseases and have an improved ability for movement to damaged tissues.

Abstract: An isolated human cell and populations thereof is provided comprising at least one astrocytic phenotype and at least one mesenchymal stem cell phenotype, wherein the mesenchymal stem cell phenotype is not an astrocytic phenotype.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for stably producing airway epithelial cells from pluripotent stem cells. Specifically, the invention relates to a method for producing airway epithelial cells from pluripotent stem cells comprising steps: (1) culturing pluripotent stem cells in a medium containing activin A and a GSK3? inhibitor; (2) culturing the cells obtained in Step (1) in a medium containing a BMP inhibitor and a TGF? inhibitor; (3) culturing the cells obtained in Step (2) in a medium containing BMP4, retinoic acid, and a GSK3? inhibitor; (5) subjecting the cells obtained after Step (3) to three-dimensional culture in a medium containing a GSK3? inhibitor, FGF10, and a ROCK inhibitor; and (6) subjecting the proximal airway epithelial progenitor cells obtained in Step (5) to three-dimensional culture in a medium containing a ROCK inhibitor.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and materials for resetting or sustaining a human stem cell in a “naïve” or “ground” state, based on the use of media including combinations of inhibitors. An example naïve culture medium comprises a PKC inhibitor, a MEK inhibitor. Also provided are methods of obtaining or propagating such cells, cells obtained using these methods, and novel culture media, which can be used in these methods.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to a method for preparing a skin substitute, a dermal substitute, to a skin substitute, to a dermal substitute and to a kit for implementing the method. Some other embodiments are directed to a graft that can consist of of a skin substitute and to the use thereof as treating a skin disorder and/or a loss of skin substance.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to an in vitro skin, in particular animal skin, including, mammalian and/or human skin, equivalent, and to the use thereof. In particular, the subject matter of some embodiments includes the use of a skin equivalent as a laboratory tool and/or in a method for testing cosmetic and/or dermatological compounds.

Abstract: Provided are compounds that enhance the efficacy of viruses by increasing spread of the virus in cells, increasing the titer of virus in cells, or increasing the antigen expression from a virus, gene or trans-gene expression from a virus, or virus protein expression in cells. Other uses, compositions and methods of using same are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides engineered ketoreductase enzymes having improved properties as compared to a naturally occurring wild-type ketoreductase enzyme. Also provided are polynucleotides encoding the engineered ketoreductase enzymes, host cells capable of expressing the engineered ketoreductase enzymes, and methods of using the engineered ketoreductase enzymes to synthesize a variety of chiral compounds.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a PINK1-C-terminal domain (PINK1-CTD) polypeptide that binds to ERBB tyrosine kinase domain (ERBB-TKD) and therefore impedes ERBB from dimerization and activation. The PINK1-CTD polypeptide inhibits, prevents and/or treats ERBB-expressing cancers. The disclosure demonstrates the anti-tumor function of the PINK1-CTD, which provides a new direction for ERBB-expressing cancer therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions of matter and methods of using the same in enhancing regeneration or restoring function of an injured liver. The compositions of matter are useful in the treatment of hepatic disorders, for example, in the prevention and/or treatment of acute or chronic liver disease or as a supportive therapy to improve the outcomes following liver resection or liver transplantation.

Abstract: An isolated nucleic acid includes a sequence encoding a mutant human deoxycytidine kinase (hdCK) capable of converting prodrugs, such as a nucleoside analogue, into cytotoxic drugs. An isolated vector can include the nucleic acid and an isolated host cell can be genetically engineered with the isolated vector. The polypeptides can be obtained by a procedure using recombinant techniques. A pharmaceutical composition, which includes the isolated nucleic acid, the expression vector, the host cell, or an isolated mutant hdCK, can be used as a medicament, such as for the treatment of cancer or for the prevention of a viral infection. The polypeptides and nucleic acids can be used for the treatment of malignancies and viral infections, in methods of sensitizing cells to prodrugs, in methods of gene therapy, in methods of non-invasive nuclear imaging and in methods of inhibiting pathogenic agents in a subject.

Abstract: Provided are mutant polymerases having DNA polymerase activity and reverse transcriptase activity or strand displacement activity, along with target nucleic acid amplification methods employing such mutant polymerases.

Abstract: Disclosed are mutant DNA polymerases having increased 3?-mismatch discrimination relative to a corresponding, unmodified polymerase. The mutant polymerases are useful in a variety of disclosed primer extension methods. Also disclosed are related compositions, including recombinant nucleic acids, vectors, and host cells, which are useful, e.g., for production of the mutant DNA polymerases.

Abstract: Provided are a recombinant microorganism including a genetic modification that increases a pyruvate, phosphate dikinase activity, a method of producing cellulose using the same, and a method of producing a microorganism having enhanced cellulose productivity.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the identification of MCPIP1 as tumor suppressor. Methods of employing MCPIP1 to treat cancer are described.

Abstract: A composition comprising recombinant iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) and a method for producing a purified recombinant IDS are provided. The glycosylation pattern and formylglycine content of the IDS composition are different from those of ELAPRASE® and have superior pharmaceutical efficacy and are safer than the conventional agent and thus can be effectively used for the therapy of Hunter Syndrome.

Abstract: In some aspects, the invention relates to compositions and methods of generating antigens, wherein the antigen is a biomolecule that is modified by a reactive oxygen species or a reactive nitrogen species. In some aspects, the invention relates to compositions and methods of generating antibodies that bind to biomolecules that have been modified by a reactive oxygen species or a reactive nitrogen species. In some aspects, the invention relates to compositions and methods of generating antibodies that bind to novel epitopes on unmodified biomolecules. In some aspects, the invention relates to the induction of active immunotherapeutic processes (e.g., using preventive or therapeutic vaccines), which may comprise administering neo-antigens generated through methods and compositions described herein.

Abstract: Modified DNase I protein in which one or more amino acids of a DNase I protein are modified non-cellularly, are provided. The modified DNase I protein exhibits a DNA hydrolytic activity in the presence of actin and an improved DNA hydrolytic activity compared to a homologous non-modified DNase I protein. Processes of preparing the modified DNase I protein and uses thereof in, for example, reducing a DNA content in sputum and/or in treating a disease or condition associated with excess extracellular DNA in a fluid, secretion or tissue of a subject, are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for purifying recombinant human Galactocerebroside ?-Galactosidase (rhGALC) from a cell culture, wherein a fraction of said cell culture comprising rhGALC is subjected to chromatography on three distinct resins.

Abstract: The present teachings provide an amylase with maltogenic properties. Nucleic acids encoding the maltogenic amylase and variants thereof, expression vectors, formulations, and host cells are also provided. Additional embodiments of the present teachings provide various methods of use and methods of manufacturing.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides AprL-clade protease enzymes, including variant AprL-clade protease enzymes, nucleic acids encoding same, and compositions and methods related to the production and use thereof, including an AprL-clade variant subtilisin enzyme that has improved stability and/or soil removal compared to a parent AprL-clade subtilisin enzyme.

Abstract: In vitro method for stem cell proliferation and use of a device for increasing the proliferation of stem cells in vitro The invention relates to an in vitro method for the proliferation of stem cells, comprising a step in which the stem cell culture is treated with an alternating current with a frequency in the 0.4 MHz to 0.6 MHz range, and to the use of a device for generating alternating current with a frequency in the 0.4 MHz to 0.6 MHz range in order to increase the proliferation of stem cells in vitro.

Abstract: The invention provides methods, compositions and kits for segregating a target nucleic acid from a mixed nucleic acid sample. The methods, compositions and kits comprise a non-processive endonuclease (e.g., a restriction enzyme) or an antibody that binds the target nucleic acid (e.g., has methylation specificity). The mixed nucleic acid sample can comprise prokaryotic and eukaryotic nucleic acid and/or nucleic acid from more than one prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms.

Abstract: A device for manipulating magnetic particles includes a gelled medium layer and liquid layers alternately stacked in a tubular container along a longitudinal direction of the container. A magnetic particle movement portion for moving magnetic particles exists along an inner wall surface of the container, and the magnetic particle movement portion extends along the longitudinal direction of the container. At a portion where the gelled medium layer is loaded, the cross-sectional shape of the container inner wall in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the container is non-circular, and the shape of the magnetic particle movement portion in the cross section is a curved shape or an angular shape.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for isolating a nucleic acid from a sample comprising a formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue fragment, a kit for isolating the nucleic acid, and a lysis buffer for the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for nucleic acid isolation. In particular, the present disclosure provides systems and methods for isolating nucleic acids from aqueous samples (e.g., blood or urine).

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to method of screening a biological sample for a plurality of diseases. In some embodiments, such a method comprises obtaining a biological sample from a subject in need thereof. In some embodiments, the biological sample comprises a plurality of biomarkers. In some embodiments, each of the plurality of biomarkers is specific for at least one disease. In some embodiments, the method comprises contacting the biological sample with a display library of peptides. In some embodiments, each peptide in the library may have a unique amino acid sequence. In some embodiments, each of the peptides is physically linked to a nucleic acid sequence that identifies of encodes the peptide. In some embodiments, at least one of the peptides is capable of binding to at least one of the biomarkers in the biological sample. In some embodiments, the method comprises separating the bound peptide particles from the unbound peptide particle.

Abstract: Described herein are RNA arrays, and compositions and methods for generating RNA arrays, particularly high density RNA arrays. The disclosed methods for generating RNA arrays utilize template DNA arrays and RNA polymerase to generate RNA arrays. In some embodiments, the disclosed methods use an RNA polymerase and modified ribonucleosides to generate modified RNA arrays for various applications, e.g. RNA arrays having higher nuclease resistance, more conformationally stable RNA arrays, and higher binding affinity RNA aptamer arrays. In some embodiments, the disclosed methods are used to generate RNA bead arrays.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and compositions useful for labeling of target molecules with origin-specific nucleic acid identifiers (for example, barcodes), which can be used subsequently to identify, quantify, or otherwise characterize a feature or activity of target molecules originating from a particular discreet volume. Such target molecules can include polypeptides expressed by cells, in which nucleic acid molecules encoding the polypeptides are labeled with the same, or matched, origin-specific nucleic acid identifiers.

Abstract: CRISPR/Cas-related compositions and methods which provide for efficient gene editing of eukaryotic cells using modified gRNAs.

Abstract: The current invention provides for methods and medicaments that apply oligonucleotide molecules complementary only to a repetitive sequence in a human gene transcript, for the manufacture of a medicament for the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a cis-element repeat instability associated genetic disorders in humans. The invention hence provides a method of treatment for cis-element repeat instability associated genetic disorders. The invention also pertains to modified oligonucleotides which can be applied in method of the invention to prevent the accumulation and/or translation of repeat expanded transcripts in cells.

Abstract: IRF-7 inhibitors have been found to be useful in the treatment of infections, such as bacterial infections. Suitable inhibitors include siRNA molecules as well as small molecules. The inhibitors may be particularly useful in the treatment of bacterial kidney infection, and especially in the treatment of patients having a genetic susceptibility to acute pyelonephritis.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to segmented oligonucleotides capable of modulating gene expression. Specifically, the instant invention relates to segmented microRNA (miRNA) oligonucleotides, including segmented miRNA precursors and segmented pre-microRNAs. The invention also relates to compositions comprising such segmented oligonucleotides, as well as to methods of making and using such oligonucleotides for diagnosis and treatment of diseases associated or causally linked to aberrant levels or activities of gene expression, including aberrant levels of coding and/or non-coding RNA.

Abstract: The present invention provides stereodefined phosphorothioate LNA oligonucleotide, comprising at least one stereodefined phosphorothioate linkage between a LNA nucleoside and a subsequent (3?) nucleoside.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of identifying host factors that modulate Hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in mammalian, e.g., human cells, as well as factors identified by those methods, and methods of treating HBV infections by targeting those factors. Zinc finger, CCHC domain containing 14 (ZCCHC14) is an exemplary host factor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, are compositions and methods for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection. The compositions comprise engineered transcription activator like effector nucleases (TALENs) comprising a TALE DNA binding domain flanked by two spacer sequences, and a Fold nuclease catalytic domain. Also, described herein, are methods of using TALENs to cleave nucleic acids; and methods of administering the TALENs to subjects at risk for or having an HIV infection.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for an expression vector comprising (i) at least one nucleic acid sequence encoding a transcriptional gene silencing element; and (ii) at least two other nucleic acid sequences selected from the group consisting of a nucleic acid sequence that encodes a nucleic acid molecule that inhibits an HIV co-receptor; a nucleic acid sequence that encodes an HIV fusion inhibitor protein; a nucleic acid sequence encoding an inhibitor of HIV replication; and a nucleic acid sequence encoding an inhibitor of viral entry. The combination of the three mechanisms in a single expression vector provides for novel means of inhibiting HIV-I.

Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods for delivering biological moieties such as modified nucleic acids into cells to modulate protein expression. Such compositions and methods include the use of modified messenger RNAs, and are useful for production of proteins.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of inducing insulin production in a cell by up-regulating a target gene involved in insulin production in said cell using an saRNA (short activating ribonucleic acid) which specifically targets a target antisense RNA transcript present in said cell.

Abstract: The present invention includes siRNAs and antibodies that block the interaction between TEM8 and/or CMG2 cell surface proteins and anthrax toxin and methods of treating anthrax exposure with the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to genetically engineered methanotrophic bacteria with the capability of growing on a multi-carbon substrate (e.g., glucose) as a primary or sole carbon source and methods for growing methanotrophic bacteria on the multi-carbon substrate.