Abstract: A surgical instrument includes a body, an ultrasonic transducer assembly, and a transducer lock having a lock member configured to move between unlocked and locked positions. The transducer assembly is rotatably mounted along a longitudinal axis within the body such that the transducer assembly is configured to selectively rotate about the longitudinal axis. With the lock member in the unlocked position, the transducer assembly is configured to be selectively rotated about the longitudinal axis relative to the body. With the lock member in the locked position, the transducer lock is configured to seize the transducer assembly and inhibit rotation relative to the housing for coupling with an acoustic waveguide. The surgical instrument may also include an integral torque wrench for coupling the acoustic waveguide with a predetermined torque and an integral torque indictor for signaling to a user that the acoustic waveguide is coupled with the predetermined torque.

Abstract: A surgical instrument for use during a surgical procedure includes an instrument body, an ultrasonic transducer assembly extending along a longitudinal axis, a power cord, and a transducer slip joint. The ultrasonic transducer assembly is rotatably mounted within the instrument body about the longitudinal axis and defines a first outer profile. The power cord projects from the instrument body to provide electrical power to the ultrasonic transducer assembly for operating an acoustic waveguide. The transducer slip joint is positioned between the power cord and the ultrasonic transducer assembly and electrically and mechanically connects the power cord to the ultrasonic transducer assembly. The ultrasonic transducer assembly selectively rotates relative to the power cord for inhibiting the power cord from winding upon rotation of the ultrasonic transducer assembly. The transducer slip joint also defines a second outer profile that fits within the first outer profile of the ultrasonic transducer assembly.

Abstract: A treatment tool includes a sheath, a first grasping member, a second grasping member and a swing member. The first grasping member protrudes from a distal portion of the sheath. The second grasping member is rotatably provided to the sheath so that a first angle, which is an angle formed with the first grasping member, changes. The swing member is provided to the second grasping member so as to swing and so that a second angle, which is an angle formed with the second grasping member, changes. When the second angle is at its maximum, there is a first angle at which the first grasping member and the swing member do not contact each other.

Abstract: An ultrasound observation apparatus for generating an ultrasound image based on an ultrasound echo acquired by an ultrasound probe provided with an ultrasound transducer includes: a puncture needle detection unit configured to detect an image of a puncture needle displayed in the ultrasound image; a motion extraction unit configured to extract a linear motion at a point of the puncture needle based on a history of the image of the puncture needle in the ultrasound image; and a composite image generation unit configured to generate a composite image by generating loci of the linear motions extracted by the motion extraction unit and superimposing the loci on the ultrasound image, the composite image generation unit generating the composite image by using the loci of the linear motions having passed through a common section a plurality of times among the loci of the linear motions extracted by the motion extraction unit.

Abstract: An example introducer is disclosed. An example introducer includes an inner liner including a lumen, a proximal region, and at least one folded portion extending longitudinally along the proximal region. The introducer further includes an expandable support member. The support member includes a plurality of ribs extending along a length of the support member. The introducer further includes a sheath attached to at least a portion of the support member and the support member is designed to shift from a first position to an expanded position.

Abstract: A surgical insertion device is disclosed, comprising an elongated central flat region tapering from one distal end having a device area, configured to receive an electronic device, towards the opposite distal end having a sharp tip.

Abstract: External fixation systems, and methods for immobilizing joints or fractured bones. An external fixation system may include one or more clamp assemblies connected to one or more rod assemblies at polyaxial joints. Each rod assembly may be length adjustable, and may include a one-way locking mechanism to provisionally lock the length of the rod assembly, and additional locking mechanisms to permanently lock the length of the rod assembly. The system may be deployed pre-assembled as a unit to immobilize a joint or fracture. Another external fixation system further includes a spanning member extending transverse to the rod assemblies. Two or more external fixation systems may be deployed in a stacked configuration on one set of bone pins to immobilize two joints and/or fractures. The systems may be provided in kits including guiding instrumentation, bone pins and pin clamping assemblies for connecting the bone pins to the external fixation systems.

Abstract: A bone positioning device can include a fixation pin for attachment to a first bone and a fixation pin for attachment to a second bone. A first block having an aperture can be included for slidably receiving a fixation pin, and a second block having an aperture can be included for slidably receiving a fixation pin. A multi-axis joint can connect the first block and the second block, where the multi-axis joint allows the first second blocks to move with respect to each other about more than one axis.

Abstract: A mandibular fixation device is provided to overcome the low operability of the conventional mandibular fixation device. The mandibular fixation device includes a sleeve, a first screw rod, a second screw rod and two positioning members. The sleeve includes two ends respectively provided with first and second screw holes. The first and second screw holes have opposite spiral directions. The first screw rod has a first threaded portion and a first assembly portion. The first threaded portion is threadedly engaged with the first screw hole, and the first assembly portion is located outside of the sleeve. The second screw rod has a second threaded portion and a second assembly portion. The second threaded portion is threadedly engaged with the second screw hole, and the second assembly portion is located outside of the sleeve. The two positioning members are coupled with the first and second assembly portions, respectively.

Abstract: A spinal fixation system that utilizes the sublaminar approach is disclosed. Devices and methods describe herein generate a link with two secure attachments (one to the spine and one to the spinal fixation rod) that can be manipulated separately from one another.

Abstract: A closure for an open headed medical implant, such as a bone screw. The closure having a cylindrical body having an axis of rotation and also having a radially outer surface with a thread or other guide and advancement structure thereon. The body having a plurality of apertures that open onto a top surface of the body and that are parallel to but spaced from the axis of rotation. The closure also has a break-off head centrally attached by a neck to the top surface of the body.

Abstract: A polyaxial bone screw for attaching a rod to a vertebra comprises a fastener having a threaded shank and a head. A yoke has a rod receiving channel for receiving the rod. A screw support rotatably attached to the yoke has a cavity articulatingly and rotatably supporting the fastener head, a hole receiving the threaded fastener shank therethrough, and a plurality of slots for maximum screw angulation. A crown has an upper rod receiving surface, a lower surface in contact with the fastener head and a projecting surface in contact with the yoke. A biasing element between the screw support and the yoke applies biasing forces among the fastener, the crown, and the yoke to provide sufficient friction to retain the yoke in a manipulable position relative to the fastener. A set screw is supported by the yoke to overcome the bias and to rigidly secure the components.

Abstract: The invention relates to a uniplanar bone anchoring element (10) comprising an anchoring screw (12) with a bone thread (14) and a screw head (18), which is flattened on at least one side (17); a receiving element (20) that has a through-bore which tapers in a lower region (21) and in which the anchoring screw (12) can be received; and two limbs (25, 26) which extend upwards and which comprise a threaded profile (27) in an upper region, said threaded profile being designed for screwing on a securing screw. The receiving element (20) has an inner groove (24) which partly runs at least in the circumferential direction in the seat region of the anchoring screw head (18). The bone anchoring element also comprises a bearing element (40) for inserting into the inner groove (24) of the receiving element (20).

Abstract: Implant adapters and related methods are disclosed herein. Exemplary adapters can allow a single connector to be used interchangeably for rod-to-rod, rod-to-anchor, or anchor-to-anchor attachment. In some embodiments, the adapter can fit within tight spaces, can be adjustable in one or more degrees of freedom, or can be configured to “snap” onto a rod and/or to “drag” against the rod, e.g., for provisional retention and positioning of the connector prior to locking.

Abstract: A facet joint replacement device includes an enclosing element including an enclosing body and an inferior attachment member. The enclosing body includes an inner cavity defined by an interior surface of the enclosing body, wherein a portion of the interior surface of the enclosing body forms a superior articulating surface. The facet joint replacement device also includes an inferior articulating element including an articulating body and a superior attachment member. The inferior articulating body is positioned within the inner cavity of the enclosing body of the enclosing element and is configured to move within the inner cavity of the enclosing body of the enclosing element. The inferior articulating body includes an inferior articulating surface. The movement of the articulating body of the inferior articulating element is constrained in at least one direction within the inner cavity of the enclosing body of the enclosing element.

Abstract: Systems and methods for registering and tracking multiple anatomical structures, e.g., multiple vertebrae, as a single functional unit for surgical procedures are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the system can include a bone bridge for attaching a navigation marker to multiple vertebrae and for limiting or preventing movement between the multiple vertebrae. Various ways of attaching the bone bridge are disclosed, including fasteners that extend through gaps or throughholes formed in the bridge, bridges having a jaw portion that clamps the underlying bone, and bridges formed of adhesive or cement and directly attached to the bone. Various adjustment features are also disclosed, including joints that allow the position and/or orientation of the bridge to be adjusted in one or more degrees of freedom, and bridges that include telescoping portions or other features for adjusting a length of the bridge.

Abstract: Various uses of fluoroalkenes, including tetrafluoropropenes, particularly (HFO-1336) in a variety of applications, including as blowing agents for integral skin foams are disclosed.

Abstract: A spinal joint distraction system for treating a facet joint including articular surfaces having a contour is disclosed and may include a delivery device including a generally tubular structure adapted to engage a facet joint, an implant adapted to be delivered through the delivery device and into the facet joint, the implant comprising two members arranged in opposed position, and an implant distractor comprising a generally elongate member adapted to advance between the two members of the implant causing separation of the members and distraction of the facet joint, wherein the implant is adapted to conform to the shape of the implant distractor and/or the articular surfaces of the facet upon being delivered to the facet joint. Several embodiments of a system, several embodiments of an implant, and several methods are disclosed including a method for interbody fusion.

Abstract: A digitizer pointer is provided as part of a system for correcting a curvature or deformity in a patient's spine based on the digitized locations of implanted screws and tracking the placement of the rod as it is placed in a minimally invasive fashion. The digitizer pointer is includes an offset adjustment feature, a swivel feature, and a translation feature.

Abstract: An intramedullary assembly for intraosseous bone fusion includes a lag screw member and a tapered screw member. The lag screw member includes a first elongated body, where the first elongated body includes a first threaded portion at a first end and a bulbous portion at a second end. The tapered screw member is coupled to the lag screw member, and the tapered screw member includes a second elongated body, where the second elongated body includes a second threaded portion at a third end, and an opening at a fourth end.

Abstract: An orthopedic plate is specifically configured for use in osteotomies, in which part of the plate extends into a portion of a first bone segment and part is external to the cortical surface of an adjacent bone segment to fix the segments to allow them to fuse. The plate has a first end and a second end where the end which is inserted into the bone has a chamfer and a through hole having a hole axis optionally at an oblique angle to the longitudinal axis of the plate, and which can receive a screw, peg or pin. The second end of the plate includes a locking screw hole and optionally including a compression slot extending in a direction toward a screw hole in the opposing end. Optionally, the non-locking hole has a shroud that forms an arc or portion of a cylinder over the hole. A plate driver having a recess that holds the plate is used to insert the plate into the bone.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods of bone stabilization. The bone stabilization system includes a mesh body. The mesh body includes a plurality of rings, with each of the rings defining a screw hole. Bridge portions extend between and interconnect the rings. The bridge portions have a reduced thickness compared to the rings. An elongate body may also extend from the mesh body. The elongate body defines at least one screw hole.

Abstract: A bone plate system includes a plate member, a disk, and a cover member. The plate member having a through-hole extending through top and bottom sides of the plate member. The disk is receivable in the through-hole to be rotatably supported in the plate member about an axis of rotation extending from the top side to the bottom side. The disk includes a slot configured to receive a bone anchor therethrough. The slot has a non-circular shape when viewed along the axis of rotation to allow a guided displacement of the bone plate in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The cover member is configured to cover the bone anchor and the disk when the disk is received in the through-hole of the plate member.

Abstract: The present embodiments include a cable cerclage system and method for the correction of fractures. The system and method can include a cable saddle including first and second loops extending from an upper surface thereof, the first and second loops including apertures extending therethrough and sized and shaped to receive a cerclage cable therethrough. The present embodiments are also directed to a cable cerclage system including at least one cable link, the cable link having a through-hole extending therethrough from a first end to a second end and including a first coupling member at a first and a second coupling member at a second end. The first coupling member of a first cable link is configured to couple to the second coupling member of an adjacent second cable link so that the through-holes of the first and second cable links align to form an elongated cerclage cable passageway.

Abstract: Headache treatment methods are described and include providing an energy delivery device; locating a secondary or higher-order branch of a postganglionic nerve that provides innervation for a patient's head, by identifying a target region of the patient's head that includes the nerve branch; positioning, within the target region, a portion of the energy delivery device; and applying, from the positioned portion of the energy delivery device to the target region, an amount of energy effective to result in a stimulation activity of the nerve branch; and, after observing the stimulated nerve branch activity, delivering, from the energy delivery device to the nerve branch, energy in an amount effective to reduce a headache severity in the patient.

Abstract: A bipolar electrode for radio frequency ablation, the electrode including: a cylindrical body provided with first and second coupling grooves formed on an outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical body in a screw thread shape and spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval; an active electrode body wound on the first coupling groove of the cylindrical body a plurality of times to be inserted thereinto, and connected to a first terminal of a radiofrequency generator; and a passive electrode body wound on the second coupling groove of the cylindrical body a plurality of times to be inserted thereinto, and connected to a second terminal of the radiofrequency generator. Thus, the electrode has effects of efficiently being moved to a vascular lesion such as varicose veins, and reducing a risk of thermal damage to surrounding tissue outside the lesion during treatment.

Abstract: Methods for treating tissue with irreversible electroporation and immunotherapy are described. The methods include placing a probe in tissue within a human body, wherein the probe has at least a first electrode, applying a plurality of electrical pulses through the first electrode and a second electrode, causing irreversible electroporation (IRE) of the tissue within a target ablation zone, and administering one or more exogenous agents into the tissue within the target ablation zone or to the human, thereby stimulating or otherwise modulating an immune system response within the body.

Abstract: A device including a tissue manipulator, a conductive coating and at least one connector area. For example, the tissue manipulator may be scissors, clip appliers or clips, staplers and staple or a vessel sealing device. The conductive coating may be applied to the clip, staple or jaws of the scissors or sealing device. Electrical energy can be supplied through areas of contact (connector areas)—such as between an anvil and a pusher of the stapler and the conductive coating on the staple. The conductive coating can be energized along with mechanical application of the manipulator to transform and facilitate attachment of tissue layers.

Abstract: An arthroscopy handpiece includes a handle body and a plurality of electrical components carried by the handle body. The electrical components may be connected to an external controller and power supply remote from the handle body. Typical electrical components include a motor and radiofrequency (RF) contacts adapted for coupling to a disposable electrosurgical tool. The handle body is usually both thermally and electrically conductive, and insulator elements are disposed between the electrical components and the handle body, with each insulator element adapted to prevent a potential leakage current flow from an electrical component to the handle body to prevent accidental electrical shock to the user.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a connector (1), a medical instrument and a method for manufacturing a medical instrument (2) according to the present invention. The connector comprises an alignment element (4) for receiving an end portion of at least one of the arms (3) of the instrument (2), thereby to align the arm (3) or arms (3) relative to the alignment element (4); and a housing element (7), in particular a bushing element, for receiving and holding the alignment element (4), wherein the alignment element (4) is insertable into the housing element (7). The medical instrument (2) comprises a connector (1) according to the present invention.

Abstract: An all-in-one, light-weight navigated bipolar forceps allow the surgeon to stay focused on and not have to take their eyes off the surgical site that (s)he is operating on, such as the brain. The navigated bipolar forceps would have a navigated frame that would be positioned at the superior end of the bipolar forceps instrument. Like conventional bipolar forceps, the navigated bipolar forceps of the present invention may be useful for various procedures, such as bipolar electro surgery. The navigated frame would be incorporated into the instrument to provide an all-in-one solution that requires fewer instruments in the surgical field and retains the surgeon's focus on the surgical site. The navigated frame of the forceps can be designed to wirelessly connect to a machine for the navigational purposes. Software can be provided that permits the navigated bipolar forceps to support the instrument on various hospital-owned navigation machines.

Abstract: Aspect of the inventions may include a universal handpiece that can be coupled to pre-existing legacy RF signal generator systems to provide certain precision controlled radiofrequency therapies and treatments for skin. Further, another embodiment of the present invention may include an interchangeable electrode (tip section) with an array of distally insulated microneedles, conductive pads or smooth surface configurations which couple to the handpiece for allowing for heating of dermis without damage to the superficial epidermis. This allows the handpiece to be used for various different treatment types by changing the tip or electrode section to meet the requirements of a desired therapy, rather than requiring another dedicated handpiece.

Abstract: A double loop catheter for delivering ablation energy, the catheter comprising a catheter sheath having a proximal end, a distal end and at least one lumen extending therethrough and having a first loop structure having a proximal end and a distal end, and a second loop structure having a proximal end and a distal end. The first loop structure and the second loop structure are receivable in the at least one lumen of the catheter sheath, and the first loop structure and the second loop structure are configurable to extend distally of the distal end of the catheter sheath. The first loop structure comprises a first electrode near to the distal end of the first loop structure and the second loop structure comprises a second electrode near to the distal end of the second loop structure, wherein the first loop structure and the second loop structure are displaceable relative to each other.

Abstract: An irrigated balloon catheter, includes a balloon carrying contact electrodes, wherein a user can vary the balloon's configuration by manipulating an elongated expander that extends along the catheter and through the balloon's interior, with its distal end coupled to a distal end of the balloon. The expander may pass through an irrigation lumen to save on space within the catheter, and the expander itself may be hollow in providing a lumen for cables or lead wires. The expander may include flexure slits for increased flexibility. The distal end of the balloon includes a housing for components, e.g., a position sensor. The distal end of the balloon and the manner by which the balloon membrane is attached to the housing present a generally flat atraumatic surface suitable for direct head-on contact with tissue. Longitudinal spines extend along the outer surface of the balloon to provide support.

Abstract: A method of treating a patient with a bioelectrical system is provided. The method may include inserting a probe into a first position in an anatomy of the patient, the system being provided with a plurality of electrodes; energizing a first electrode of the plurality of electrodes with a measurement level of power; determining a complex impedance in the patient's anatomy; determining whether the first position is a desired position of the probe for ablating a predetermined portion of tissue of the patient, based on the complex impedance determined; and energizing one of the plurality of electrodes with an ablation level of power, the ablation level of power being greater than the measurement level of power. An apparatus for performing BIA on a patient is also provided.

Abstract: Described herein are devices and systems configured to detect an energy from a cell, a cell population, and/or a cellular microenvironment and can optionally actuate a cell or population thereof in response to the detection of the energy. Also described herein are methods of operation and use of the devices and systems described herein.

Abstract: A microwave applicator having a probe which comprises an elongate shaft (14), the shaft having an external tubular wall (18), a radiating portion (15) disposed at the distal end of the shaft (14), a transmission line (17) extending to the radiating portion internally of the tubular external wall (18), and an elongate flow dividing member (19) which co-extends with the transmission line (17) longitudinally of the shaft (14), the side wall of the transmission line (17) and the side wall of the flow dividing member (19) contacting each other and contacting the internal surface of the external tubular wall (18) at two-spatially separated discrete positions, thereby defining a pair of flow channels (20, 21) inside the shaft (14). In use, cooling fluid can pass down one channel (20) and return via the other channel (21). The structure of the probe is uncomplicated and the probe is straightforward to assemble.

Abstract: A method for visualizing ablation includes displaying to a user a three-dimensional (3D) tube that visually represents a region for ablation in tissue of a patient. Ablation information, which specifies one or more ablation locations along the 3D tube and one or more respective ablation configurations for ablating in the ablation locations, is received from the user. An estimated impact of the ablation in the tissue is displayed to the user on the 3D tube based on the ablation locations and the corresponding ablation configurations.

Abstract: Aspects extend to methods, systems, and computer program products for providing personalized surgery recommendations for eye patients. Surgery types, and surgery parameters can be recommended for a patient based on predicted post-operative UCVA for the patient if the surgery types and surgery parameters were to be used. Predicting post-operative UCVA can be handled as a regression problem based on patient demography and pre-operative examination details. In an additional aspect, surgery parameters are automatically determined and/or optimized for improved post-operative UCVA by including surgery parameters in a regression model.

Abstract: A method and a system are provided for helping to guide an endovascular tool in vascular structures. The method includes an initial planning phase in which a first three-dimensional anatomical model specific to the patient is determined from an acquired three-dimensional image, and an intervention phase in which a final transformation, which is a combination of a rigid transformation and of an elastic transformation, is applied to the first three-dimensional anatomical model specific to the patient in order to obtain a second three-dimensional model specific to the patient. The rigid transformation is estimated between the preoperative three-dimensional image and one or more perioperative two-dimensional images of perioperative two-dimensional images, and the elastic transformation is calculated as a function of a simulation of vascular deformations that are induced by introducing the tool into the target vascular structure.

Abstract: Methods, system, and media for identifying one or more ablation locations in an atrial tissue region in an atrial fibrillation (AF) patient with atrial fibrosis are disclosed. Three-dimensional imaging data representing the atria of the patient may be received. A patient-specific model of the atria may be generated from the three-dimensional imaging data. Simulation of the AF on the patient-specific model may be conducted to identify AF-perpetrating regions. One or more ablation locations in the atria may be identified from the AF-perpetrating regions.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for model-based surgical planning. A surgical planning system can include a prescreening tool configured to provide an initial classification of a set of patients according to a pelvic tilt, measured as a position of a pelvis of the patient relative to the position of a spine of the patient, in a plurality of body positions. A model constructor is configured to construct a model of a pelvis of the patient according to the initial classification of the patient. A finite element modeling component is configured to simulate relative motion of the model of the pelvis and a model of an implant. A patient classifier is configured to select at least one of a position of the implant and an orientation of the implant for the patient according to the simulated relative motion.

Abstract: The present teaching relates to surgical procedure assistance. In one example, a first volume of air inside a lung is obtained based on a first image of the lung captured prior to a surgical procedure. The lung has a first shape on the first image. A second volume of air deflated from the lung is determined based on a second image of the lung captured during the surgical procedure. A second shape of the lung is estimated based on the first shape of the lung and the first air volume inside the lung and second volume of air deflated from the lung. A surgical plan is updated based on the estimated second shape of the lung.

Abstract: A method for evaluating the placement of a prosthetic heart valve in a structure of interest. The method comprises acquiring one or more depictions of an anatomical region of interest that includes the structure of interest, wherein each depiction shows the structure of interest and/or the blood pool volume of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) of the patient's heart. The method further comprises designating one or more positions in at least one of the one or more depictions wherein each position corresponds to a respective position in the structure of interest at which the prosthetic valve may be placed. The method still further comprises predicting, for each of the one or more designated positions, an amount of blood flow obstruction through the LVOT of the patient's heart that would occur if the prosthetic valve was to be placed at a corresponding position in the structure of interest.

Abstract: Embodiments include a system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of the patient's heart, and create a three-dimensional model representing at least a portion of the patient's heart based on the patient-specific data. The at least one computer system may be further configured to create a physics-based model relating to a blood flow characteristic of the patient's heart and determine a fractional flow reserve within the patient's heart based on the three-dimensional model and the physics-based model.

Abstract: A method for improving the development of an initial surgical plan includes receiving input information, developing an initial surgical plan based upon the input information, and allowing a user to customize the initial surgical plan by providing input related to modifications to the initial surgical plan. The method further includes storing information related to the modifications to the initial surgical plan and using the stored information to develop a subsequent initial surgical plan based on the modifications.

Abstract: A technique for accessing extra articular lesions or abnormalities or intra osseous lesions or abnormalities or bone marrow lesions or all has the step of positioning the localizing pinning member onto cartilage or subchondral bone to define a virtual pathway through the cartilage or subchondral bone towards or into or through the lesion or abnormality or a desired target to create the virtual pathway utilizing an intra articular localizing pinning member to determine a location of the lesion or abnormality wherein the utilization of the localizing pinning member includes the step to locate or stabilize or both and thereafter using the virtual pathway to create an entry access.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device and method for measuring tissue deformation during an invasive medical procedure. A device is provided comprising a flexible fiber having a proximal end and a distal end; at least one sensor embedded in the flexible fiber; a rigid mount having a transverse opening for the flexible fiber; a mechanism for inserting the flexible fiber into a tissue; a detector for receiving information from the sensor; and a tracking system for receiving information from the detector to calculate the sensor location.

Abstract: A handheld user interface device for controlling a robotic system may include a member, a housing at least partially disposed around the member and configured to be held in the hand of a user, and a tracking sensor system disposed on the member and configured to detect at least one of position and orientation of at least a portion of the device. At least one of the detected position of the portion of the device and detected orientation of the portion of the device is correlatable to a control of the robotic system.

Abstract: Various exemplary surgical tool and robotic surgical system interfaces are provided. In general, a sterile barrier can be positioned between a robotic surgical system and a surgical tool releasably coupled to the robotic surgical system. The surgical tool can be in a sterile environment on one side of the sterile barrier, and the robotic surgical system can be in a non-sterile environment on the other, opposite side of the sterile barrier. The robotic surgical system can be configured to control movement of the surgical tool releasably coupled thereto using a magnetic field that extends across the sterile barrier between the surgical tool and the robotic surgical system.