Abstract: The zoom lens consists of, in order from an object side: a first lens group that remains stationary during zooming and has a positive refractive power; at least two movable lens groups that are moved during zooming; and a final lens group that remains stationary during zooming and has a positive refractive power. The first lens group consists of, in order from the object side, a first-a lens group that remains stationary during focusing and has a negative refractive power, a first-b lens group that is moved during focusing and has a positive refractive power, and a first-c lens group that remains stationary during focusing and has a positive refractive power. The first-a lens group consists of, in order from the object side, a first lens that has a negative refractive power, a second lens that is convex toward the object side and has a positive refractive power, and a third lens that has a negative refractive power.

Abstract: Substrates with lenses having lenses disposed therein are aligned with high accuracy. A stacked lens structure has a configuration in which substrates with lenses having a lens disposed on an inner side of a through-hole formed in the substrate are direct-bonded and stacked. In particular, one or more air grooves formed in surfaces of the substrates reduces an influence of air inside a void portion between adjacent lenses of a layered lens structure.

Abstract: A lens structure includes a dorsal portion having a curved and/or convex surface and a ventral portion having an adhesive bottom surface that can be connected to an image acquisition device. The dorsal portion is substantially semi rigid or rigid and is made from a non-adhesive polymeric resin. The ventral portion includes a transparent and substantially flat support layer having the bottom surface on one side and, on the opposite side, an intermediate surface connected to the dorsal portion.

Abstract: A variable magnification optical system includes: a first lens group having a positive refractive power and arranged closest to an object; a negative lens group having a negative refractive power and arranged closer to an image than the first lens group; a positive lens group which has a positive refractive power, which includes at least one lens that moves integrally with an aperture stop, and which is arranged closer to the image than the negative lens group; and a focusing group arranged between the negative lens group and the positive lens group, wherein when varying magnification, a distance between the first lens group and the negative lens group is changed, and a distance between the negative lens group and the positive lens group is changed, wherein when focusing, a distance between the focusing group and a lens arranged at a position to face an object-side of the focusing group is changed, and a distance between the focusing group and a lens arranged at a position to face an image-side of the focusin

Abstract: The invention provides miniaturized devices, systems and methods for imaging of biological specimens. The devices and system provide accurate alignment and modular mounting of imaging components internally and in relation to the target subject. In some embodiments, the invention provides devices, systems and methods for in vivo fluorescent brain imaging in freely-behaving rodents.

Abstract: A finite conjugate optical assembly, comprising a lens with a core zoom module that includes five optical groups that are configured to exhibit at least 1.58 mm2sr of etendue at a lowest magnification position, and a ratio of highest to lowest magnification of at least 7:1, and to provide a maximum magnification of 2× or greater.

Abstract: A finite conjugate optical assembly including a core zoom module that includes five optical groups that are configured to provide a ratio of highest to lowest magnification between 5.5:1 and 16:1. A lens attachment module and rear adapter module may be disposed, respectively, on an object side and an image side of the optical assembly. The optical assembly may exhibit an approximate etendue between 0.95 and 4.65 mm2sr, and may have a magnification of 2× or more at one or more points of the zoom. The optical assembly may be configured in accordance with between 6.6 MP and 32 MP image sensors.

Abstract: A finite conjugate lens assembly including an afocal zooming component that has five optical groups that are configured to provide a ratio of highest to lowest magnification between 5.5:1 and 16:1. A lens attachment module and rear adapter module may be disposed, respectively, on an object side and an image side of the optical assembly. The lens assembly may exhibit an approximate etendue between 0.95 and 4.65 mm2sr, and may be configured in accordance with between 6.6MP and 32MP image sensors.

Abstract: Disclosed is an attachment for a standalone optical device to alleviate back and neck strain which allows the eyes of the user relative to the eyepieces of the optical device, with embodiments allowing inclusion of preset values such as shape and dimension of the user's face, eye relief distance, pupillary distance. Eye relief may be optimized by the size and shape of the mask or by an adjustable eye relief mechanism. Movement of the eyes is achieved either by a mechanical pivot or by stretching of the mask being comprised of flexible material.

Abstract: A phase distribution calculation method includes: moving a focal position of an optical system to a plurality of positions within a phase object, the plurality of positions being different from each other in an optical axis direction of the optical system, and acquiring an image via the optical system in each of the plurality of positions; calculating a first phase distribution of a three-dimensional region that corresponds to a plurality of images acquired in the plurality of positions, in accordance with the plurality of images; and correcting the first phase distribution in accordance with a change in the optical axis direction in a region of interest specified in the three-dimensional region.

Abstract: The disclosed examples relate to methods and systems facilitate self-healing of regions of electrowetting devices. Electrowetting devices may be coupled to a switchable AC/DC electrical power supply that provides AC power to the electrowetting device to control electrowetting device operation and DC power to promote self-healing of the electrowetting device. A monitoring circuit outputs a signal in response to electrical power supply operating characteristic changes due to a failure of the electrowetting device's dielectric. The controller, responding to the signal, switches the power supply output from AC power to DC power to the electrowetting device. In response to the DC power, the electrowetting device responds by healing the degraded dielectric. When the failure is determined to be corrected, the power supply output is switched from DC power to AC power to the electrowetting device. The number of times self-healing is applied may be tracked for future analysis.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a MEMS light valve, which includes: a fixed grating partitioned into first regions and second regions, which are arranged alternately, wherein the fixed grating comprises reflective units configured within the first regions for reflecting at least part of incident light and the second regions do not reflect light; and a movable grating located at a side of the fixed grating to which outside light is incident and movable in a plane where the movable grating is located, wherein the movable grating is capable of block part or all of the reflective units during moving. The embodiments of the present disclosure are adopted to manufacture of a MEMS light valve and a display device including the MEMS light valve.

Abstract: This rotary drive apparatus is arranged to rotate a mirror arranged to reflect incoming light coming from a light source, and includes a motor including a rotating portion arranged to rotate about a central axis extending in a vertical direction; and a flywheel including the mirror, and arranged to rotate while being supported by the motor. The flywheel further includes a tubular upper support member, and a lower support member having at least a portion thereof arranged below the upper support member. The mirror has at least a portion thereof arranged on the central axis, and is fixed while being in contact with at least a portion of a lower surface of the upper support member and at least a portion of an upper surface of the lower support member.

Abstract: This rotary drive apparatus is arranged to rotate a flywheel arranged to support an optical component arranged to reflect incoming light coming from a light source or allow the incoming light to pass therethrough, and includes a motor including a rotating portion; the flywheel, the flywheel being supported by the motor and arranged to rotate about a central axis extending in a vertical direction; and an elastic member. The flywheel includes an accommodating portion in which the optical component is arranged. In the accommodating portion, at least a portion of the optical component is arranged opposite to at least a portion of the flywheel with the elastic member intervening therebetween. Examples of the optical component include a mirror arranged to reflect the incoming light, and a lens arranged to allow reflected light obtained by a mirror reflecting the incoming light to pass therethrough.

Abstract: This rotary drive apparatus is arranged to rotate a flywheel arranged to support an optical component arranged to reflect incoming light coming from a light source or allow the incoming light to pass therethrough, and includes a motor including a rotating portion; and the flywheel, the flywheel being supported by the motor and arranged to rotate about a central axis extending in a vertical direction. The flywheel includes a plate-shaped accommodating portion in which the optical component is arranged; a bottom surface arranged at a bottom portion of the accommodating portion, and arranged to slant with respect to at least one of two opposed side surfaces of the optical component; and a base surface arranged to be in contact with at least a portion of another one of the two opposed side surfaces of the optical component.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes Augmented Reality (AR) methods and systems allowing one or more user to observe a virtual image (e.g., computer generated image) overlaid on a physical scene (e.g., actual real life surroundings). Embodiments herein allow components of the AR methods and systems to be decoupled from each other, such that a user is able to view a virtual image overlaid on a physical scene while simply wearing thin, lightweight holographic spectacles.

Abstract: A backlight unit includes a housing having an opening in which an liquid crystal display device is disposed, a light source disposed inside the housing, and an optical member disposed inside the housing, turning a path of light from the light source toward the liquid crystal display device, and having a triangular prism portion made of a translucent material. The prism portion has one side wall serving as an entrance wall on which the light from the light source is incident, another side wall as an exit wall emitting light to the liquid crystal display device, and still another side wall as a reflecting wall reflecting the light incident on the entrance wall to the exit wall inside the prism portion.

Abstract: A HMD includes a display block. The display block combines light from a local area with image light to form an augmented scene. The display block also provides the augmented scene to an eyebox corresponding a location of a user's eye. The display block includes a waveguide display, a focusing assembly and a compensation assembly. The waveguide display emits the image light. The focusing assembly includes a focusing geometric phase lens and presents the augmented scene at a focal distance. The compensation assembly includes a compensation geometric phase lens that has an axis of orientation orthogonal to an axis of orientation of the focusing geometric phase lens. The compensation assembly compensates the optical power of the focusing assembly.

Abstract: A display device and a method of controlling the same realizes a virtual reality display and an augmented reality display. The display device includes a transparent display panel, an imaging device disposed at a light-exiting side of the transparent display panel, and a light adjusting cover disposed at a side of the transparent display panel away from the light-exiting side. The transparent display panel is disposed within a focal length of the imaging device. The imaging device is configured to image pictures displayed on the transparent display panel at a side thereof away from the imaging device. The light adjusting cover is switchable between a light-transmitting state and a light-shaded state, and is capable of covering a viewing field of human eyes. The display device can perform the virtual reality display or the augmented reality display.

Abstract: A head mounted display includes a control section that switches between a single-touch mode and a multi-touch mode in a case where an operation in a preset aspect is detected, and, in the multi-touch mode, in a case where a pseudo-pointer is moved to a corresponding position outside a display region of an image display section according to an operation on an operation surface, the control section changes a display aspect of the pseudo-pointer.

Abstract: A head-mounted display device (30) is provided which includes: optical elements (33L, R) disposed in front of the eyes of a user and configured to introduce light associated with images to be presented to the user into the eyes of the user; and a drive mechanism configured to move the optical elements in directions intersecting with visual line directions of the user. An image display system is further provided which includes the head-mounted display device (30) and an image supply device (10) including: an image supply part configured to supply the images to the head-mounted display device; and a display position control part configured to output control instructions to operate the drive mechanism in a manner changing the positions at which the images are displayed within fields of view of the user.

Abstract: A display device displays video for a virtual image. The display device includes a video generation unit generates image light representing the video, a concave mirror has a reflective surface on which the image light is reflected, and a support mechanism adjusts a position of the concave mirror. The concave mirror has, in each position on the reflective surface, a first radius of curvature in the first direction and a second radius of curvature in a second direction. The first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature individually change and have different rates of change. The reflective surface has a shape following a partial region on an outer surface of an ellipsoid. The ellipsoid has a radius along the first direction that is greater than a radius along the second direction and a radius along a third direction orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device comprising a headband portion configured to fit atop a user's head; an ear piece portion physically and communicatively coupled to one end of the headband portion; a modular processing device communicatively coupled to the ear piece portion wherein the modular processing device is configured to be physically detached and attached from ear piece portion; an arm portion connected to the ear piece portion and configured to facilitate data communications between the modular processing device and a virtual reality or augmented reality display portion.

Abstract: Improved text rendering by microshifting the display in a head mounted display is provided. Systems, methods and computer-readable devices provide a head mounted display. The head mounted display includes a display unit; a rotational actuator coupled to the display unit; and a rotation processor having a rotation sensor coupled to the display unit wherein as the head mounted display is rotated, the rotation processor is operable to signal the rotational actuator to rotate the display unit to counter the rotation of the head mounted display.

Abstract: Device for shaping a laser beam for an atomic sensor, comprising a retroreflector prism with an entrance area, an exit area and two reflection surfaces forming a right angle therebetween. The device for shaping includes a linear polarizer disposed upstream from the entrance area of the retroreflector prism for linearly polarizing a laser beam entering into the retroreflector prism by the entrance area, and a form birefringence plate disposed downstream from the exit area of the retroreflector prism to circularly polarize a laser beam exiting from the retroreflector prism by the exit area.

Abstract: An optical beam delivery device establishes, from an optical beam, an optical trap that is moveable to different optical trap locations. The device has a first length of fiber through which the optical beam propagates along a propagation path and which has a first refractive index profile (RIP) enabling modification of the propagation path to form an adjusted optical beam movable to propagate along different propagation paths in response to different states of applied perturbation. The device also has a second length of fiber coupled to the first length of fiber and having confinement cores defining a second RIP. The confinement cores occupy different positions in, and correspond to the different optical trap locations at an output of, the second length of fiber.

Abstract: An all-fiber optical beam switch mechanism includes a first length of fiber through which an incident optical beam having beam characteristics propagates along a first propagation path and which has a first refractive index profile (RIP). The first RIP enables, in response to an applied perturbation, modification of the optical beam to form an adjusted optical beam that is movable to propagate along a second propagation path. A second length of fiber is coupled to the first length of fiber and formed with multiple spaced-apart, non-coaxial confinement cores. A selected state of applied perturbation moves the second propagation path of the adjusted optical beam to a position of a selected corresponding one of the multiple confinement cores to confine and thereby direct the adjusted optical beam to a corresponding beam output location at the output of the second length of fiber.

Abstract: An optical beam delivery system, includes: an optical beam source; a fiber assembly situated to receive and modify one or more beam characteristics of an optical beam; and a nonlinear frequency-conversion stage in optical communication with the fiber assembly and situated to receive and frequency-convert an optical beam from a first wavelength to one or more second wavelengths. The fiber assembly includes: a first length of fiber comprising a first RIP formed to enable modification of the one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam by a perturbation device, and a second length of fiber having a second RIP coupled to the first length of fiber, the second RIP formed to confine at least a portion of modified beam characteristics of the optical beam within one or more confinement regions. The first RIP and the second RIP are different.

Abstract: Display device is disclosed herein, and may be implementable in a variety of contexts, including a motor vehicle (for example, the instrument cluster). A semi-transparent plane is essentially placed in between a display and a mechanical element member. This allows a virtual projection of information over the mechanical plane in an on-state, while the mechanical element shows non-indicia during the off state.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display device. The display device comprises a display panel and a grating layer, wherein along a direction pointing from a center of a left-eye field-of-view central area of the display device to a non left-eye field-of-view central area of the display device, a grating period of a left-eye grating region of a first color, a grating period of a left-eye grating region of a second color, and a grating period of a left-eye grating region of a third color all decrease gradually; along a direction pointing from a center of a right-eye field-of-view central area of the display device to a non right-eye field-of-view central area of the display device, a grating period of a right-eye grating region of the first color, a grating period of a right-eye grating region of the second color, and a grating period of a right-eye grating region of the third color all decrease gradually.

Abstract: The invention provides a naked-eye stereoscopic display device. The naked-eye stereoscopic display device includes a backlight module, a liquid crystal panel and a lens component successively stacked in that order. The lens component includes several lens elements arranged in a predetermined manner, and in an arrangement direction of the lens elements, a full width at half maximum of a curve of light intensity changing with angle for output light of the backlight module is less than or equal to 10°. The invention can eliminate secondary viewpoints, and therefore can effectively increase brightness of main viewpoints during 3D display, reduce image crosstalk between adjacent pixels and further significantly reduce the overall thickness of the display device.

Abstract: A 3D display device and a driving method thereof are provided, which includes controlling first subpixels, arranged in an electroluminescent display (ELD) panel disposed below a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel, to form luminous areas and black areas alternately arranged in the row direction, so as to form a rear grating; determining a position for displaying a left-eye view and a position for displaying a right-eye view in the LCD panel according to current positions of eyes of a viewer; and controlling second subpixels corresponding to the same position for displaying the left-eye image in the LCD panel to display same view, and controlling second subpixels corresponding to the same position for displaying the right-eye image to display same view.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a liquid crystal lens, comprising: an upper substrate, a lower substrate, and both a liquid crystal layer and spacers disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate; wherein the surfaces of the spacers are coated with ?/4 phase retardation film. Via the method of disposing a ?/4 phase retardation film on the surface of the spacers in the present disclosure, a part of light emitting into the ?/4 phase retardation film cannot be reflected from the film and then further decreasing leaking light caused from reflective light of spacers to achieving objects of increasing the contrast of the picture and improving 3D displaying efficiencies.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display including an OLED panel having a series of gore shaped panel portions that form a quasi-spherical display surface. Each gore shaped panel portion includes a middle portion, a first end portion, and a second end portion. The middle portions of adjacent gore shaped panel portions are separated by bend regions. The OLED panel is bent along the first bend regions and each gore shaped panel portion is bent, such as along second bend regions between the middle portion and end portions, to join adjacent first end portions and adjacent second end portions of the gore shaped panel portions. Two OLED displays may be mounted within a head-mounted display (HMD), each behind an optics block. The quasi-spherical display surface of each OLED display generates a substantially flat image for the user after light from the display surface passes through the optic block.

Abstract: Polarizing beam splitters and systems incorporating such beam splitters are described. More specifically, hybrid polarizing beam splitters and systems with such beam splitters that incorporate polymeric reflective polarizers aligned with MacNeille or wire grid reflective polarizers are described.

Abstract: Antireflection coatings for metasurfaces are described herein. In some embodiments, the metasurface may include a substrate, a plurality of nanostructures thereon, and an antireflection coating disposed over the nanostructures. The antireflection coating may be a transparent polymer, for example a photoresist layer, and may have a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the nanostructures and higher than the refractive index of the overlying medium (e.g., air). Advantageously, the antireflection coatings may reduce or eliminate ghost images in an augmented reality display in which the metasurface is incorporated.

Abstract: The optical image stabilizer system according to various aspects of the present technology may comprise a set of springs connected to a lens such that the force exerted by the set of springs and the force exerted by gravity are in equilibrium. A position detection sensor may be linked to the lens and detect a current position of the lens. An accelerometer may be communicatively linked to the lens and generate a set of acceleration data corresponding to the acceleration of the lens. A control unit may be coupled to at least one of the lens, position detector sensor, and the accelerometer, and calculate a new target position for the lens. A motor may be coupled to the lens and respond to the target position received from the control unit.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide an optical image stabilization circuit that synchronizes its gyroscope and drive circuit using gyroscope data ready signals and gyroscope reset signals. In response to a gyroscope data ready signal, the optical image stabilization circuit synchronously obtains position measurements of a camera lens when power drive signals are not transitioning from one power level to another power level, and synchronously transitions the power drive signals simultaneously with gyroscope reset signals. By synchronizing the gyroscope and the drive circuit, the gyroscope and other onboard sensing circuits are isolated from noise generated by the drive circuit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a nose-separation earpiece unit, an eyeglass frame having the same, and eyeglasses having the same in which a separate earpiece is further included on an existing earpiece passing over the ear when the eyeglasses are worn such that positions at which the eyeglasses are worn may be varied, and the eyeglasses may be worn even when the eyeglasses are separated from a main part of face to wash or apply makeup or when things are viewed without a lens due to having myopia or the like.

Abstract: The eyeglass frames with detachable temple pieces are similar in form and function to conventional eyeglass frames, but are configured to enable one or more temple pieces or components to be removably attached to the eyewear frame, and further to be interchanged with other detachable temple pieces as desired. This interchangeability permits a user to change the temple piece in the event of breakage, or for purposes of changing the style and appearance of the eyeglass frame. The eyeglass frames with detachable temple pieces include a front eyewear frame having a pair of opposed side ends and a pair of temple pieces respectively, releasably and pivotally secured to the side ends of the front eyewear frame. A bridge cover is preferably provided for releasably covering a bridge of the front eyewear frame.

Abstract: Provided is a composite lens structure and a method to prevent condensation buildup for use in eyewear that incorporates a glass cover slip, an electrically conductive thin film heating element, and a thermally conductive thin film intended to act as a heat spreader. The thermally conductive heat spreader accommodates for hot spots within the electrically conductive thin film heating element due to irregular geometry in eyewear. The method for heating the thin film heating element incorporates a thermal cutoff circuit intended to both heat the composite lens structure as well as preventing the thin film heater from reaching undesired temperatures. Analog circuitry may be used to determine the temperature setpoints for the thermal cutoff circuit.

Abstract: Eyeglasses are described that have optical transmission curves capable of directing selected wavelengths of light to the eyes based on the response of intrinsically photosensitive ganglion retinal cells (IPGRC). In one embodiment, glasses for evening use are described that block blue portions of the visible spectrum. In another embodiment for evening use, blue portions are blocked but violet light is transmitted. In an embodiment for daytime use, blue light is transmitted and red light is blocked.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lens (1) for vision correction, wherein the lens (1) is particularly configured to be placed directly on the surface of an eye (2) of a person, wherein the lens (1) further comprises: a transparent base element (10) having a back side (12), and a front side (11) facing away from the back side (12), a transparent and elastically expandable membrane (20) connected to said base element (10), wherein said membrane (20) comprises a back side (22) that faces said front side (11) of the base element (10), a ring member (30) connected to said back side (22) of the membrane (20) so that the ring member (30) defines a curvature-adjustable area (23) of the membrane (20), and wherein the lens (1) comprises a lens volume (41) adjacent said curvature-adjustable area (23) of the membrane (20), which lens volume (41) is delimited by the ring member (30), and wherein the lens (1) comprises a reservoir volume (42) arranged in a boundary region (24) of the lens (1), wherein said two volumes (41, 42) a

Abstract: The disclosure herein describes an apparatus for dual-frame eyeglasses that include a foundation eyeglass frame that may be worn on the user's head, and a pivot eyeglass frame that is rigidly coupled to the foundation eyeglass frame via a pair of pivot mechanisms. The pivot eyeglass frame may be substantially similar in form and profile to the foundation eyeglass frame. The pivot eyeglass frame may be configured to incrementally rotate about the pivot mechanism from a first position that substantially overlaps a user's line of sight through to a second position that is angularly offset away from the user's line of sight. Additionally, the foundation eyeglass frame may include a nose bridge that separates into two elements at a coupling point on the nose bridge to facilitate each half of the foundation eyeglass frame folding into a separate, compact form.

Abstract: A decorative element is described for covering a frontal lens-holding main member (2a) of a frame (2) of a pair of spectacles (3), said element including a second member (8) devoid of lenses, connectable frontally and removably, as well as in superposition with the main member (2a), so that only said decorative element is intended to remain externally visible from the front when the spectacles are worn, essentially concealing from view the main frontal member (2a) of the spectacle frame (2), means being provided on said second member (8) of the decorative element for the removable holding of the same on the main member (2a) of the spectacle frame. Said means comprise a groove (11) extending without interruption, with a closed-contour profile of development, along the peripheral edge (12) of said second member (8), which is intended to be engaged by the corresponding peripheral contour profile of the main member (2a) in order to couple said members (2a, 8) together.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for verifying conformity with a predetermined criterion of use of a spectacle frame intended to receive two ophthalmic lenses, including: a) at least one geometrical, mechanical, and/or structural characteristic is determined and the frame category to which the frame belongs from a set of predetermined spectacle-frame categories is deduced therefrom; b) an outline of at least one of the ophthalmic lenses intended to be mounted in the spectacle frame or of a rim of this spectacle frame is determined; c) the value of each parameter from a list of parameters of the frame is evaluated, considering the frame category of step a); the value of at least some of the parameters being evaluated as a function of the outline determined in step b); d) the conformity of the spectacle frame to the predetermined criterion is deduced from the values of the parameters of the spectacle frame.

Abstract: In the field of photonic and opto-electronic components, an optical filter comprises a plurality of semi-conducting nano-/microparticles, exhibiting properties of electromagnetic resonance in the optical and near-infrared domain, arranged on a plane, characterized in that it furthermore comprises a layer with electrically adjustable optical index disposed on the surface formed by said nano-/microparticles and said plane; a first electrically insulating layer disposed on said layer with electrically adjustable optical index and an electrode disposed on said first electrically insulating layer.

Abstract: An optical beam delivery device formed of optical fibers that are configured to produce an output exhibiting an intensity distribution profile having non-zero ellipticity includes a first length of fiber through which an incident optical beam having beam characteristics propagates and which has a first refractive index profile (RIP). The first RIP enables, in response to an applied perturbation, modification of the beam characteristics of the optical beam to form an adjusted beam having modified beam characteristics relative to the beam characteristics of the optical beam. A second length of fiber is coupled to the first length of fiber and formed with a set of one or more confinement regions that define a second RIP and confine at least a portion of the adjusted beam to generate, at an output of the second length of fiber, an intensity distribution profile having non-zero ellipticity.

Abstract: A method of materials processing using an optical beam includes: launching the optical beam into a first length of fiber having a first refractive-index profile (RIP); coupling the optical beam from the first length of fiber into a second length of fiber having a second RIP; modifying one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam in the first length of fiber, in the second length of fiber, or in the first and second lengths of fiber; and/or generating an output beam, having the modified one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam, from the second length of fiber. The first RIP can be the same as or differ from the second RIP. The modifying of the one or more beam characteristics can include changing the one or more beam characteristics from a first state to a second state. The first state can differ from the second state.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, apparatus, and systems for providing an optical beam delivery system, comprising an optical fiber including a first length of fiber comprising a first RIP formed to enable, at least in part, modification of one or more beam characteristics of an optical beam by a perturbation assembly arranged to modify the one or more beam characteristics, the perturbation assembly coupled to the first length of fiber or integral with the first length of fiber, or a combination thereof and a second length of fiber coupled to the first length of fiber and having a second RIP formed to preserve at least a portion of the one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam modified by the perturbation assembly within one or more first confinement regions.