Abstract: A system for and a method of controlling a filler wire and/or an heat source is provided. The system includes a high intensity energy source configured to heat at least one workpiece to create a molten puddle on a surface of the at least one workpiece. A filler wire feeder is configured to feed a filler wire into said molten puddle, and a travel direction controller is configured to advance the high intensity energy source and the filler wire in a travel direction to deposit the filler wire on the at least one workpiece. The system also includes a controller configured to move the filler wire and/or the energy source in at least a first direction during the feeding and advancing of the filler wire. At least the first direction is controlled to obtain a desired shape, profile, height, size, or admixture of a bead formed by the molten puddle.

Abstract: A system for a welding apparatus including a welding cup; a hollow tubular adapter body extending longitudinally from a first end to a second end, an external surface of the adapter body defining one or more grooves extending about a circumference thereof and longitudinally disposed between the first and second end; and one or more O-rings configured to be installed about the adapter body and received in each of the one or more grooves; wherein the first end or the second end of the adapter body is engageable with a welding torch head and wherein the welding cup is configured to receive the other of the first end and the second end of the adapter body therein, the welding cup extending longitudinally along the adapter body such that the one or more O-rings is disposed between the adapter body and the welding cup.

Abstract: A negative electrode current collector is placed on outer sides of two outermost surfaces of a layered negative electrode core-exposed portion, and a negative electrode conductive member is placed between first and second layered negative electrode core-exposed portions formed by dividing the layered negative electrode core-exposed portion into two parts. A resistance-welding electrode is brought into contact with the negative electrode current collector from the side opposite to the layered negative electrode core-exposed portion side, and the negative electrode current collector, the layered negative electrode core-exposed portion, and the negative electrode conductive member are resistance-welded together.

Abstract: A method of spot welding a workpiece stack-up that includes a steel workpiece and an aluminum alloy workpiece involves passing an electrical current through the workpieces and between welding electrodes that are constructed to affect the current density of the electrical current. The welding electrodes, more specifically, are constructed to render the density of the electrical current greater in the steel workpiece than in the aluminum alloy workpiece. This difference in current densities can be accomplished by passing, at least initially, the electrical current between a weld face of the welding electrode in contact with the steel workpiece and a perimeter region of a weld face of the welding electrode in contact with the aluminum alloy workpiece.

Abstract: The present disclosure reduces equipment failures, decreases maintenance frequency, and stabilizes cutting operation. Specifically, a holder (5) includes a fitting surface (52) capable of fitting a distal end (2a) of an electrode tip (2). A cutting member (6) having a cutting blade (6b) is attached to the holder (5) and the cutting blade (6b) cuts the distal end (2a) of the electrode tip (2) by rotating the holder (5). On the fitting surface (52), a plurality of grooves (52a) extending arcuately around the rotation axis (C1) as the center thereof are consecutively formed adjacent to each other toward the rotation axis (C1).

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for extending the range, reach, and/or length of a welding tool. A welding extension in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure comprises an extension bar that couples between a welding tip and a welding head, such that material passes from the welding head to the welding tip through a bore in the extension bar.

Abstract: A method and apparatus particularly for additively manufacturing materials that are susceptible to hot cracking. The additive manufacturing process may include a leading energy beam (16) for liquefying a raw material to form a melt pool (20), and a trailing energy beam (17) directed toward a trailing region of the melt pool. The trailing energy beam may be configured to enhance agitation and/or redistribution of liquid in the melt pool to prevent hot cracking, reduce porosity, or improve other characteristics of the solidified part. The method and apparatus also may improve processing parameters, such as adjusting vacuum level to prevent volatilization of alloying agents, or providing a chill plate to control interpass temperature. The process may be used to form new articles, and also may be used to enhance tailorability and flexibility in design or repair of pre-existing articles, among other considerations.

Abstract: A steel workpiece may have an edge region and a core region. The object of specifying a steel workpiece wherein a maximum near-surface strength and nevertheless favorable surface properties are achieved, especially favorable scaling characteristics during hot rolling, is achieved in that the steel workpiece may be softer in the edge region than in the core region, and in that a sum total of alloy constituents C, Si, Mn, Cr, and N of the steel workpiece overall is greater than 1.45% by weight. And in some examples the sum total of the alloy constituents C, Si, Mn, Cr, and N of the steel workpiece is less than 4.5% by weight.

Abstract: A superconducting wire joining method joins superconducting wires each having a superconducting layer and a stabilizing layer that contacts with the superconducting layer to cover the superconducting layer. The superconducting wire joining method includes overlapping the superconducting wires such that the stabilizing layers of the superconducting wires face each other, and performing ultrasonic joining relative to overlapped portions of the superconducting wires. The overlapping of the superconducting wires and the performing of the ultrasonic joining are performed at room temperature.

Abstract: A bonding tool that executes an ultrasonic vibration processing of applying ultrasonic vibration to an application portion on a lead wire from a direct contact tip portion and a pair of press mechanisms having a pair of press rollers capable of performing a rotational operation. The pair of press mechanisms executes a press processing of pressing both sides of the application portion on the lead wire by the pair of press rollers at a time of execution of the ultrasonic vibration processing by the bonding tool and a movement processing of executing a rotational operation performed by the pair of press rollers to move the pair of press rollers on the lead wire while pressing the lead wire at a time of non-execution of the ultrasonic vibration processing.

Abstract: A method for forming an impact weld used in an additive manufacturing process is provided. The method includes providing a metallic material for impact welding to a substrate. The metallic material is propelled toward the substrate with a sufficient velocity to form an impact weld for welding the metallic material to the substrate. Further, the method includes traversing the substrate in a direction relative to a direction from which the metallic material is propelled and repeating the propelling so that a layer of additive material is deposited on the substrate as desired. In addition, a method for forming an impact welding used in an additive manufacturing process via discharge actuated arrangement is provided.

Abstract: A laser processing method includes: a first step of converging laser light having a wavelength larger than 1064 nm on an object to be processed with a rear face of a silicon substrate as a laser light entrance surface and moving a first converging point of the laser light along a line to cut, and thereby forming a first modified region along the line to cut; and a second step of converging the laser light having a wavelength larger than 1064 nm on the object to be processed with the rear face as the laser light entrance surface after the first step and moving a second converging point of the laser light along the line to cut while offsetting the second converging point with respect to a position where the first converging point is aligned, and there by forming a second modified region along the line to cut.

Abstract: A method for the remote laser welding of at least two metal sheets, where at least one metal sheet has a coating with a low boiling point, in particular for welding galvanized steel sheets, includes moving a laser beam at a welding velocity along a welding contour in order to produce a weld seam. The laser beam executes an oscillating movement which is superposed on the welding velocity, where the energy input into the joint is controlled by a power modulation, dependent on the oscillating movement, such that the energy input increases in at least one lateral oscillation periphery or a preceding oscillation periphery of the melt bath volume, but the size of the melt bath surface in the root area remains unaffected.

Abstract: A laser cutting apparatus conveyable within a casing lining at least a portion of a wellbore that extends into a subterranean formation. The laser cutting apparatus includes a housing, a deflector, a motor, a sensor, and a processing device. The deflector rotates relative to the housing to direct a laser beam to form a radial slot extending through the casing and into the subterranean formation. The motor rotates the deflector. The sensor generates information related to depth of the radial slot in real-time as the radial slot is formed by the laser beam. The processing device receives the information generated by the sensor and causes the motor to rotate the deflector based on the received information.

Abstract: Systems for processing a material by submerging the material in a fluid and directing laser pulses at the fluid and the material for processing the material. An embodiment removes the surface of concrete, brick, or rock or minerals in a relatively gentle, energy-efficient, and controlled manner that also confines the material that is removed.

Abstract: Systems for processing a material by submerging the material in a fluid and directing laser pulses at the fluid and the material for processing the material. An embodiment removes the surface of concrete, brick, or rock or minerals in a relatively gentle, energy-efficient, and controlled manner that also confines the material that is removed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a housing of a turbomachine, in particular a housing of a radial turbo compressor. The method includes the following steps: a) providing a hollow body that is closed in a circumferential direction and extends along an axis; b) coating the inner side of the hollow body with a corrosion-resistant layer that is more resistant to corrosion than the material of the hollow body; c) dividing the hollow body into two half-shells along the axis in a separation joint plane; d) assembling the housing by joining both half-shells and fastening both half-shells in the region of the separation joints, which were created by separation, by means of detachable fastening elements.

Abstract: A first metal powder is supplied to a substrate to form a beginning part of a clad layer. After the beginning part is formed, the second metal powder is supplied to the substrate. A concentration of at least one of Si, Ni, Mo, and Al in the first metal powder is lower than a concentration thereof in the second metal powder.

Abstract: A valve seat alloy having a clad layer made of Cu-based powder that contains Ni: 5.0% to 20.0%, Si: 2.4% to 4.0%, and Mo: 0% to 40.0%, wherein the valve seat alloy has aluminum content of 12% or less.

Abstract: A system of additive-manufacturing by laser melting of a powder bed. The system includes a first laser unit selectively emitting a first laser beam to form at least one layer of material by melting the powder bed; a second laser unit selectively emitting a second laser beam to machine at least a portion of the layer of material; and an optical unit enabling to focus the first laser beam on the powder bed to be melted and the second laser beam on the layer of material to be machined. The system is able to produce a part by successive stacking of melted then machined layers of material. A process of additive-manufacturing by laser melting of a powder bed is also contemplated.

Abstract: To provide a galvanometer scanner that increases reliability by reducing burden on a mechanism unit. A galvanometer scanner converts a command for machining position on a machining target to movement commands for a rotary motor, a rotary motor, and a direct drive mechanism. If the movement command for the direct drive mechanism contains a weak direct drive component depending on the movement command for the rotary motor, and falling within an amplitude range not exceeding a predetermined amplitude and within a frequency range not falling below a predetermined frequency, the galvanometer scanner removes the weak direct drive component from the movement command for the direct drive mechanism, and then outputs control signals corresponding to the movement commands for the rotary motors and the direct drive mechanism. The galvanometer scanner controls the rotary motors and the direct drive mechanism based on the control signals.

Abstract: A method for welding two components is provided. The method includes providing a first component, which has a convex elevation, and providing a second component, which has a through-hole. The method also includes placing the two components one against the other such that the convex elevation of the first component protrudes into the through-hole in an interlocking manner, and welding the two components along the rim of the through-hole by way of a laser welding device. The welding is performed without the use of a welding filler and the laser welding device is repeatedly switched on and off in a pulsed manner during the welding of the two components along the rim of the through-hole.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method for preparing a kind of Sn-based silver-graphene lead-free composite solder, including mixing a certain amount of graphene with sodium dodecyl sulfate, then adding a certain amount of dimethylformamide, sonicating for 2 hours, adding a certain amount of silver nitrate to the mixture, continuing the sonication and finally obtaining the homemade. The solders matrix powder is weighed according to different silver-graphene mass fraction required, then poured into a ball-milling tank milling for 5 h. The powder is poured into a stainless steel mold after drying, then placed under hydraulic pressure to 500 Mpa for pressure forming. Later, the cold-pressed cylinder is placed in a high vacuum tube resistance furnace and sintered at 175° C. for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, it is formed into a cylinder under the hydraulic press.

Abstract: A flux-cored wire for gas-shielded arc welding, including, in terms of mass % relative to a total mass of the wire, in the total of the steel outer sheath and the flux, C: 0.03 to 0.08%, Si: 0.1 to 0.6%, Mn: 1.5 to 2.8%, Cu: 0.01 to 0.5%, Ni: 0.35 to 0.98%, Ti: 0.05 to 0.25%, and B: 0.002 to 0.015%, Al: 0.05% or less, and including, in the flux, TiO2 conversion value: 3 to 8%, Al2O3 conversion value: 0.1 to 0.6%, SiO2 conversion value: 0.2 to 1.0%, ZrO2 conversion value: 0.20 to 0.65%, Mg: 0.2 to 0.8%, F conversion value: 0.05 to 0.25%, Na conversion value: 0.02 to 0.10%, and K conversion value: 0.05 to 0.20%.

Abstract: A method for joining members of the present invention is as follows: a second member is inserted through a hole part of a first member; a guide shaft is inserted through a through hole of rubber; the rubber with the guide shaft inserted is inserted into the second member; and a drive mechanism relatively moves pushers and toward each other to compress the rubber in the extending direction of the guide shaft so that the rubber is expanded outward from inside to expand and deform at least a portion of the second member inserted into the hole part, thereby joining the second member to the first member.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid-cooled jacket, includes: a placing step for placing a sealing body on a jacket body; a first primary joining step for performing frictional stirring by moving a primary joining rotary tool along a first abutment portion where a step side surface of a peripheral wall stepped portion and an outer peripheral side surface of the sealing body abut on each other; and a second primary joining step for performing frictional stirring by moving the primary joining rotary tool along second abutment portions in each of which a step side surface of a columnar support stepped portion and a hole wall of a hole abut on each other.

Abstract: Bed foundation beams are sandwiched by a compression bar extending parallel to the first and second rails and moved towards the first and second rails while being conveyed. Further, the first and second rails and the spacers are sandwiched against spaced fixtures on an endless chain. While being compressed and sandwiched, staple guns fasten the rails and spacers together. The fixtures include front and back stops, with the back stop pivotable about a fixture axis to be movable by a cam moving in a cam track from a pushing position extending perpendicular to the endless chain and abutting with a trailing edge of one of the spacers and a non-intervening position after the staple gun and before the sprocket of the endless chain to reduce the apparatus footprint.

Abstract: A hold and drive tool for driving a target nut on a target threaded stud is provided. The target threaded stud includes a first end, a second end, and a recess defined within the first end. The hold and drive tool includes a motorized drive unit, a drive head portion coupled to the motorized drive unit and comprising: a socket; a non-rotatable torque arrest member substantially aligned with a central axis of the socket; and a retracting mechanism coupled to the non-rotatable torque arrest member and configured to move the non-rotatable torque arrest member, relative to the socket, along the central axis of the socket.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in installing and verifying installation of a seal member in a component, and including a housing defining an interior sized to receive the component therein, and a moveable lid selectively positionable between a loading position and a sensing position. The apparatus also includes at least one seal sensor coupled to the moveable lid and configured to selectively align with a first sensing point on the component when the moveable lid is in the sensing position. The at least one seal sensor is configured to only actuate when pressed against the seal member positioned at the first sensing point.

Abstract: A machine tool includes a trough which collects chips; a mobile unit which is located above the trough and moves in the longitudinal direction of the trough on a bed, is configured from a first beam member, a second beam member, and a connecting member connecting the first beam member and the second beam member, and is formed with a hollow that opens toward the trough from above; a first guide which supports the mobile unit in such a manner that the mobile unit is movable in the longitudinal direction of the trough; a second guide which faces the first guide across the trough, and supports the mobile unit in such a manner that the mobile unit is movable in the longitudinal direction of the trough; and a cradle, both ends of which are supported by the first beam member and the second beam member.

Abstract: A method and a support for holding a substrate, wherein the support is included in a transportation system configured to transport the substrate. The method includes attaching an adhesive to the support, wherein the material of the adhesive is a synthetic setae material and wherein the adhesive is configured to attach the substrate to the support; and attaching the adhesive to the substrate. Moreover, the thickness of the substrate is about 0.3 mm or less, and/or wherein the substrate has a size of 1.4 m2 or more. The support includes a support body and an adhesive, wherein the material of the adhesive is a synthetic setae material and wherein the adhesive is configured to attach the support body to the substrate, wherein the support is included in a transportation system configured to transport the substrate.

Abstract: A squeezer holder device for the holding a hand rivet squeezer on a bench top for improved part control and squeezer operation. The squeezer holder device also provides convenient storage for a hand squeezer and associated dies. The central feature of the invention is the simple slot and die holders designed into a single block. The squeezer holder device allows the user to position a squeezer on any benchtop at a user selected orientation. The squeezer holder device enables accurate control of parts with one hand throughout squeezer operation by using the table surface to operate the lower squeezer lever. The squeezer holder device can be easily slid around a benchtop with the squeezer and dies between operations. When squeezer use is completed the squeezer holder device holds the squeezer in an upright space saving position with associated dies.

Abstract: A machine tool includes: a revolving-type turret including a plurality of grips provided along a circumferential direction thereof, each of the plurality of grips being configured to hold the tool attached to a spindle; a first rotary shaft configured to rotate about a swing axis of the turret; a second rotary shaft extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the first rotary shafts, and configured to rotate the turret about a revolving axis; a motor configured to rotate the first rotary shaft; a power transmission unit including a first gear connected to the first rotary shafts and a second gear connected to the second rotary shaft, the second gear being configured to be meshed with the first gear; and a rotation prohibition unit configured to, when swinging the turret, prohibit rotation of the second rotary shaft in order to swing the second rotary shaft about the first rotary shaft.

Abstract: A machine tool system includes: a machine tool for machining a workpiece set on a table using a tool attached to a spindle; and a robot for gripping the workpiece. The robot is installed on the table and performs a setting operation for setting the workpiece on the table and a clamping operation for clamping the workpiece.

Abstract: A chip conveyor includes: a cover body; a guide plate configured to guide chips, which are conveyed inside the cover body, so as to be directed from a chip receiving position toward a chip discharging position; a case attached to the cover body and having an internal space provided therein; and a float switch configured to detect, based on a coolant flowing from inside the cover body into the internal space, that a liquid level of the coolant inside the cover body is equal to or greater than a prescribed liquid level. The cover body includes a first space and a second space that are partitioned from each other by the guide plate. The cover body is provided with: a first opening allowing communication between the first space and the internal space; and a second opening allowing communication between the second space and the internal space.

Abstract: An adjustable automatic fluid dispensing apparatus includes one or more inlets for receiving fluid or fluids to be mixed and dispensed. A flow sensor is provided in flow communication with the inlet for sensing the amount of fluid that is passing through the apparatus. A solenoid valve is in flow communication with the inlet and flow sensor for controlling the flow amount of fluid to be dispensed. An outlet is utilized in flow communication with the inlet and flow sensor for dispensing fluid out of the apparatus into a bucket or machine reservoir. A programmable control unit is utilized for adjustably controlling any mixing of the fluids, the flow sensor and solenoid valve to dispense a desired settable amount of the fluid from the apparatus.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus for positioning a tactile or optical roughness sensor, a probe or some other measuring instrument with respect to a workpiece can be secured to a movement device of a coordinate measuring machine. The positioning apparatus has a drive that produces a relative movement between two parts of the positioning apparatus, and an inhibiting device, which inhibits the relative movement between the two parts. For this purpose, the inhibiting device has a first friction element and a second friction element each having unlubricated friction surfaces. The friction surfaces are pressed against one another with a normal force that is not variable during the operation of the positioning apparatus. A coefficient of sliding friction that is less than 0.15 acts between the friction surfaces in the case of dryness and without lubrication. Typically, the inhibiting device is arranged in a flexspline of a strain wave gearing.

Abstract: A tool wear monitoring and predicting method is provided, and uses a hybrid dynamic neural network (HDNN) to build a tool wear prediction model. The tool wear prediction model adopts actual machining (cutting) conductions, sensing data detected at the current tool run of operation and the predicted tool wear value at the previous tool run of operation to predict a predicted tool wear value at the current tool run. A cyber physical agent (CPA) is adopted for simultaneously monitoring and predicting tool wear values of plural machines of the same machine type.

Abstract: Provided is a highly practical machining system. The machining system is configured to include a base, and multiple machining modules which are detachably disposed on the base to be aligned with one another in a left-right direction. Machining is sequentially performed by the multiple machining modules with respect to a workpiece. At least one of the multiple machining modules is a vertical lathe module. It is possible to configure a compact system in which machining can be performed by a vertical lathe.

Abstract: A manually operated lens cribber has a cutting compartment on a base. The cutting compartment has a door that is moveable between a closed position and an open position. A cutting tool is inside the cutting compartment and rotates about a first axis. A lens blank carrier is attached to the base in a manner to be manually movable across the base on a second axis that is substantially perpendicular to the first axis. The lens blank carrier has a hand operated screw mechanism on which a lens blank can be mounted and which moves the lens along a third axis that is substantially parallel to the first axis. A releasable end stop is positioned on the base for positioning the lens blank carrier relative to the cutting tool so that the desired amount of material is removed from the lens blank. A calibration and positioning scale is also provided.

Abstract: A hand-held power tool includes a gearing housing part and accessory equipment. The gearing housing part has at least one machine-side contact element. The accessory equipment has at least one accessory-equipment-side contact element. The machine-side contact element and the accessory-equipment-side contact element can be releasably connected to each other.

Abstract: A brush-like grinding stone (3) in a polishing brush (1) includes a brush holder (6) and a linear member aggregate (7) detachably held in the brush holder (6). The linear member aggregate (7) includes a large number of bundles (51) of the linear members (50) obtained by hardening aggregated yarn of inorganic filaments impregnated with a resin, and a brush holder (70) holding ends of the bundles (51). A linear member holder (70) in the linear member aggregate (7) is detachably attached to each of a plurality of holding holes (68) that is open in one side in an axial line direction L. In a case where any of the linear member aggregates has a failure, such as breakage, only the failed linear member aggregate needs to be replaced. Thus, it is not necessary to discard the entire brush-like grinding stone. Consequently, the polishing cost can be reduced.

Abstract: A brush-like grinding stone (3) in a polishing brush (1) includes a brush holder (6) and a linear member aggregate (7) detachably held in the brush holder (6). The linear member aggregate (7) includes a large number of bundles (51) of the linear members (50) obtained by hardening aggregated yarn of inorganic filaments impregnated with a resin, and a brush holder (70) holding ends of the bundles (51). A linear member holder (70) in the linear member aggregate (7) is detachably attached to each of a plurality of holding holes (68) that is open in one side in an axial line direction L. In a case where any of the linear member aggregates has a failure, such as breakage, only the failed linear member aggregate needs to be replaced. Thus, it is not necessary to discard the entire brush-like grinding stone. Consequently, the polishing cost can be reduced.

Abstract: A method for double-side polishing a wafer uses a double-side polishing machine wherein a carrier which is yet to be arranged in the double-side polishing machine is previously subjected to two-stage double-side polishing which uses a double-side polishing machine different from the double-side polishing machine adopted for double-side polishing the wafer and includes primary polishing using slurry containing abrasive grains and secondary polishing using an inorganic alkali solution containing no abrasive grain, the carrier subjected to the two-stage double-side polishing is arranged in the double-side polishing machine adopted for double-side polishing the wafer, and the double-side polishing of the wafer is performed. Consequently, the method for double-side polishing a wafer enables suppressing damages to wafers to be polished immediately after arranging the carrier between the upper and lower turntables.

Abstract: A coolant flow guide for grinder includes a base including a tilted bottom wall having a predetermined tilt angle, a peripheral wall disposed around the tilted bottom wall and defining with the tilted bottom wall a diversion channel having a top opening and a partition wall located on the tilted bottom wall to divide the diversion channel into two flow passages that slope downwardly to the diversion port, and a workpiece positioning unit mounted on the base above the flow passages for holding a workpiece. Thus, when the grinder is operated to grind the workpiece, the debris thus produced is carried by the applied coolant to flow through the flow passages to the outside of the base via the diversion port.

Abstract: A centric clamping vise includes a base support including a longitudinal groove and two longitudinal tunnels at two sides of the groove respectively; a threaded spindle including an intermediate, ring-shaped enlargement, a right-handed-threaded section between the enlargement and a first end, and a left-handed-threaded section between the enlargement and a second end; a first jaw moveably disposed on a first end of the groove and including a threaded channel with the right-handed-threaded section disposed through; a second jaw moveably disposed on a second end of the groove and including a threaded channel with the left-handed-threaded section disposed through; an upper positioning member including two side shoulders, two threaded holes and a half-circular bottom cavity; a lower positioning member including two threaded holes and a half-circular top cavity; and two set screws each driven through the threaded holes to join the upper and lower positioning members.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a straight edge clamp that has a clamping head assembly and a stop assembly mounted upon the body of the straight edge. The head and stop are not connected together and the stop assembly is free to move with respect to the head assembly. The stop assembly has a locking assembly that allows it to be locked to the straight edge. The straight edge clamp body can include sections that are adapted to be connected together to form the overall length of the straight edge clamp.

Abstract: Provided is a clamp that includes a rail with a track region, a first clamping jaw that is to be maintained at a first clamping location along the rail while a plurality of edge-aligned objects are clamped together. A second clamping jaw is adjustable along the track region of the rail and is to be maintained at a second clamping location along the rail on an opposite side of the plurality of edge-aligned objects from the first clamping jaw. A clamping mechanism urges a face of the second clamping jaw toward the first clamping jaw to impart a compressive force on the plurality of edge-aligned objects. A caul extends between the first and second clamping jaws and exerts a compressive force on the plurality of edge-aligned objects disposed between the caul and the rail.

Abstract: Two-stage pincers as hand-operated tools, especially multifunctional wrenches automatically switching between two stages and having a large-opening jaw and a high clamping force, comprising: a first main structure (1), a second main structure (2), a handle (3), a pawl (4), a first pin (5), a second pin (6), a first connecting rod (7), a second connecting rod (8), a first stop nut (9), a second stop nut (10), a first preloaded spring (11), a second preloaded spring (12), a supporting spring (13), a small pin (15), a second small pin (14), a third pin (18), a fourth pin (16) and a fifth pin (17). The two-stage pincers overcome problems of the existing hand-operated tools, i.e. wide varieties, inconvenience to carry and low efficiency.

Abstract: A multi-tool plier that includes a screwdriver bit that is integrally formed with a tip of the plier jaws. The multi-tool plier provides the user the mechanical advantages of applying a sufficient force to the bit and screw, improved torque, and on-axis operation of the handle to rotate the bit on the screw. Moreover, with the screwdriver bit conveniently located at the tip of the pliers, the screwdriver bit is always at the ready, allowing an uninterrupted transition between operations with the pliers and the screwdriver. The bit elements at the ends of the plier jaws cooperatively define a drive bit for a variety of rotary fastener, including a standard, a Phillips, a Torx, a square, an Allen, or other geometrically shaped drive bit.