Abstract: Provided herein are graphene materials, fabrication processes, and devices with improved performance and a high throughput. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides graphene oxide (GO) materials and methods for forming GO materials. Such methods for forming GO materials avoid the shortcomings of current forming methods, to facilitate facile, high-throughput production of GO materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides a safe and highly efficient method for producing graphite oxide. The present invention relates to a method for producing graphite oxide by oxidizing graphite, the method including the step of oxidizing graphite by adding a permanganate to a liquid mixture containing graphite and sulfuric acid while maintaining the concentration of heptavalent manganese at 1% by mass or less in 100% by mass of the liquid mixture.

Abstract: Provided are an aerogel precursor, a method for preparing the same, an aerogel prepared therewith, and a method for preparing an aerogel using the same, wherein the aerogel precursor includes a structural unit represented by Formula 1 below and at least one selected from the group consisting of structural units represented by Formulae 2 to 4 in a molar ratio of 100:1 to 100:20, and has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 g/mol to 6,000 g/mol, and a viscosity of 2.0 to 4.0 cps after heating for 24 hours or more at 45 to 60° C.

Abstract: Minerals (e.g. silica- or silicate-based minerals) having good oil- and/or water-absorption capacities and/or good flowability, mineral composites comprising first and second mineral components having good oil- and/or water-absorption capacities and/or good flowability, methods of making said minerals and mineral composites and the uses of said minerals and mineral composites, for example in animal feed or fertilizer compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to azirconium solution or sol comprising: (a) zirconium, (b) nitrate, acetate and/or chloride ions, and (c) one or more complexing agents being an organic compound comprising at least one of the following functional groups: an amine, an organosulphate, a sulphonate, a hydroxyl, an ether or a carboxylic acid group, wherein the molar ratio of components (a):(b) is 1:0.7 to 1:4.0, the molar ratio of components (a):(c) is 1:0.0005 to 1:0.1, and the pH of the zirconium solution or sol is less than 5.

Abstract: In one example, a fluid container includes a reservoir that includes a reservoir wall. A cover is configured to engage the reservoir, and the cover includes a spout configured and arranged for fluid communication with the reservoir, and the spout is disposed at one end of the cover. The fluid container also includes a filter cage configured to releasably engage the cover in a location near the spout. When the filter cage is engaged with the cover, and the cover is disposed on the reservoir, a small gap is defined between the front of the spout and the front of the filter cage.

Abstract: A method for forming, or crystallising, clathrates hydrates of a host molecule in a liquid including water includes the following consecutive steps: cooling the liquid to a temperature no higher than the crystallisation temperature of the clathrates hydrates; and placing the cooled liquid in contact with host molecules that are capable of forming clathrates hydrates and are adsorbed on a solid support that has a large specific surface area and is made of a hydrophobic and apolar material, whereby the host molecules are desorbed from the solid support that has a large specific surface area and is made of a hydrophobic and apolar material, and react with the water of the liquid in order to provide a liquid containing clathrates hydrates and the solid support.

Abstract: The invention provides a bound sulfided metal containing metals such as nickel, cobalt, iron manganese or zinc for removing selenocyanate from aqueous streams. The binder may be alumina, silica, clay or metal oxide. The amount of sulfur in the bound sulfided metal may range from 5-75% by weight. In one embodiment, the bound sulfided metal is formed and reduced and placed in a column system that comprises one or more columns and may comprise a Lead-Lag1-Lag2-Polisher series of columns.

Abstract: Cross-linked terpolymers made up of phenol, diaminoalkane and formaldehyde monomeric units. The cross-linked terpolymers are synthesized via a Mannich mechanism in n-heptane, characterized with multiple spectroscopic techniques, scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction, and are also investigated for their Pb2+ adsorption capacity and thermodynamic properties. A method of removing Pb2+ ions from an aqueous solution or a wastewater sample with these cross-linked terpolymers is also described.

Abstract: Cross-linked terpolymers made up of phenol, diaminoalkane and formaldehyde monomeric units. The cross-linked terpolymers are synthesized via a Mannich mechanism in n-heptane, characterized with multiple spectroscopic techniques, scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction, and are also investigated for their Pb2+ adsorption capacity and thermodynamic properties. A method of removing Pb2+ ions from an aqueous solution or a wastewater sample with these cross-linked terpolymers is also described.

Abstract: Compositions for bromide removal include a two-dimensional material impregnated with silver. The silver may be impregnated in the two-dimensional material by contacting the two-dimensional material with silver ions in an aqueous solution, allowing the silver ions to adsorb on the two-dimensional material, and drying the two-dimensional material. Removing bromide from an aqueous composition including bromide may include contacting the aqueous composition with a two-dimensional material impregnated with silver, and allowing the bromide to react with the silver to yield silver bromide.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp assembly for a fluid treatment system. The lamp assembly can include an inductive secondary, first and second electrodes coupled to the inductive secondary, and a lamp including a dielectric barrier interposed between the first and second electrodes. The dielectric barrier can define a discharge chamber including a discharge gas, and one of the first and second electrodes can extend within the discharge chamber. The inductive secondary can be adapted to receive power from a nearby inductive primary to promote a dielectric barrier discharge in the discharge chamber. The resulting dielectric barrier discharge can generate ultraviolet light for the treatment of air or water, or for other applications.

Abstract: A waste water treatment apparatus utilizing electrochemical technology. Electrochemical waste water treatment is based on the application of an electric field between an anode and a cathode to the waste water. The apparatus for waste water treatment comprise a channel extending through a housing between an inlet and an outlet and a water treatment zone between the inlet and outlet. The apparatus further comprise first and second spaced apart electrodes having working ends for treating waste water in the treatment zone, and an electrode feed arrangement for feeding the first and second electrodes towards the channel to control the spacing between the working ends of the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: An electrolytic assembly and a method for the bacterial disinfection of water or wastewater is disclosed. Water circulating in cooling towers such as those that discharge heat from air conditioning; ships' ballast water; or wastewater with a dryness varying from 0.01 to 3%; can be treated. The assembly comprises one or more electrolytic units comprising at least one Dimensionnally Stable Anode commonly known as DSA, or a Boron Doped Diamond anode, also named BDD anode. The electrolytic treatment at least partially kill the bacteria present in the water. It has been shown that the electrolytic treatment breaks the cell membrane of bacteria present in the water. The treatment is particularly adapted for eliminating Legionella and others microorganisms, such as E. coli.

Abstract: The current invention is an apparatus for concentrating ions in a water stream and a method for using the apparatus to concentrate ions for detection and/or removal. The apparatus is comprised of an electrically charged barrier, a distal electrode having an electrical charge with a sign opposite to the electrical charge of the barrier, and a proximate electrode having an electrical charge with a sign corresponding to the electrical charge of the barrier. The apparatus further includes a moving water stream which is processed to comprise an ion-depleted stream and an ion-concentrated stream located between the distal electrode and the first surface, a first diversion structure to divert the ion-concentrated stream, a second diversion structure to divert the ion-depleted stream, and an electrical power source operatively coupled with the distal and proximate electrodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimising material recovery in a chemical pulping process. The method comprises treating of cellulosic raw material with cooking chemicals in a cooking step, where lignin is at least partly dissolved into cooking liquid phase and separated from fibres. The lignin is separated from the cooking liquid phase. The separated lignin is used for formation of a treatment composition comprising at the most 1 weight-% of aluminium. A bleaching liquid phase is treated with the treatment composition in order to remove organic humic substances from the bleaching liquid. Organic sludge is formed and it is used for energy production in a chemical recovery step.

Abstract: A method for treating organic waste water, wherein after forming flocs by adding a polymeric flocculant to organic waste water in which organic nitrogen waste components to suspended solids (SS) is 6%/SS to 20%/SS, solids are separated from liquid to separate said flocs from said organic waste water.

Abstract: A process for producing a treated wastewater stream from an initial gaseous wastewater stream. The process begins by condensing a gaseous wastewater stream into a liquid wastewater stream wherein the liquid wastewater stream contains at least one compound susceptible to treatment by chemical oxidation. Both a chemical oxidizer and a copper (I) catalyst are then fed into the liquid wastewater stream. The copper (I) catalyst with the at least one compound are then precipitated to produce a treated wastewater stream.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, apparatuses and systems for the remediation of contaminated soils, groundwater, water, and/or waste using a combination of reagents. The disclosed methods may be used to treat various recalcitrant halogenated substances, such as perfluoroalkyls and polyfluoroalkyls. Particular combinations of reagents that may be used in the disclosed methods include but are not limited to: (1) persulfate, oxygen and ozone; (2) persulfate, salt, oxygen and ozone; (3) persulfate, phosphate, and/or oxygen; (4) persulfate, phosphate, oxygen and ozone; (5) persulfate, phosphate, salt and oxygen (6) persulfate, phosphate, salt, oxygen and ozone; (7) oxygen and salt; and (8) air and salt. The disclosed methods may enhance destruction of organic contaminants in the liquid phase and may also control the rate of aerosol or foam formation relative to the rate of chemical oxidation and/or reduction/transfer.

Abstract: Reconfigurable water leaching modules are provided herein. These modules may comprise a plurality of dosing conduits and a plurality of leaching channels fluidly coupled to the dosing conduits where the leaching channels are reconfigurable from a first retracted position to a second extended position and where the leaching channels may hang downwardly from the dosing conduits in the second extended position.

Abstract: A polyphosphate-based glass scale inhibition composition comprising from about 45 to about 55 mole percent P2O5, from about 35 to about 45 mole percent of an oxide of an alkaline earth metal, and from about 8 to about 12 mole percent of an oxide of an alkali metal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the treatment of urban or industrial wastewater, in particular a process for the primary treatment of water, said process comprising a first operating mode P1 of the treatment system called a “reagent-free mode”, a second operating mode P2 of transition from the first reagent-free mode P1 to a third mode P3, said third operating mode P3 of the treatment system being called a “mode with reagents”, switching from the first mode P1 to the second mode P2, from the second mode P2 to the third mode P3 and from the third mode P3 to the mode P1 being respectively made after verifying a set of conditions C1, C2 and C3.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to systems and methods for removal of contaminants from water including, but not limited to, industrial wastewater, brackish water, municipal wastewater, drinking waters, and particularly waters obtained from fracking operations. For example, a method for purifying a feed water composition may comprise (a) contacting the feed water composition with an activated manganese dioxide to form an activated manganese dioxide-containing feed water composition, where the activated manganese dioxide was formed by contacting soluble organics with soluble permanganate ions (MnO4?) at a pH from about 5.

Abstract: A method or process for treating wastewater containing high organics, silica, boron, hardness, and suspended and dissolved solids. The method includes degasifying the wastewater for the removal of dissolved gases and thereafter chemically softening the wastewater. After the chemical softening step, the wastewater is directed through a media filter or membrane which removes additional solids and precipitants. Thereafter the wastewater is directed through a sodium ion exchange that further softens the wastewater. The effluent from the ion exchange is directed through a cartridge filter and the effluent from the cartridge filter is directed through one or more reverse osmosis units. At a selected phase of the process, prior to the wastewater reaching the reverse osmosis unit or units, the pH of the wastewater is raised and maintained such that the pH of the wastewater reaching a reverse osmosis unit is at a pH greater than 10.5.

Abstract: A method for separating solids from liquids is disclosed. A double-roller system is provided. A process fluid is provided to the double-roller system. The process fluid comprises a suspended solid and a process liquid. The suspended solid comprises non-fibrous solid particles. A portion of the process fluid is compressed through the double-roller system to produce a compressed portion of the suspended solid. A product stream and a dilute fluid stream are separated. The product stream comprises a compressed portion of the suspended solid and a first portion of the process liquid. The dilute fluid stream comprises a second portion of the suspended solid and a second portion of the process liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing rock wool and cast iron by melting a mixture of materials such as basalt, blast-furnace slag, coke and components necessary for melting, with an admixture containing alumina, said admixture making it possible to adjust the alumina content in order to obtain a rock wool having the following composition (as wt %): Al2O3: 18-22; SiO2: 40-50; CaO: 10-15; MgO: <10; FeO: <2; Na2O: <4; K2O: <2. The method includes the following operations: producing by melting a slag and a cast iron, separating the slag and the cast iron, and performing a fibring operation on the slag followed by a bonding operation in order to obtain the rock wool. According to the invention, at least one spent adsorbent and/or catalyst is used as an admixture, said catalyst containing alumina in Al2O3 form. Said adsorbent and/or catalyst preferably contains at least one metal, and said metal is retrieved in the cast iron.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling the flow of vitrified material. In at least some embodiments, a vitrified material control system comprises a melt chamber (8) configured to contain a molten material (27) during operation of the control system; a siphon valve (11) configured to facilitate a flow of the molten material from the melt chamber; and a vacuum-generation system (26, 15, 16) configured to controllably deliver a vacuum to the molten material in the melt chamber and to thereby regulate a flow of the molten material from the melt chamber. In other embodiments, methods of controlling a flow of molten vitrified material from a heating device are disclosed. The methods may include, for example, applying a vacuum to the molten material to control a dwell time of the molten material in a vessel of the heating device and regulating the vacuum based on a measured temperature of the molten material.

Abstract: Glass manufacturing apparatuses with cooling devices and methods for using the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus for forming a glass web from molten glass includes an enclosure and pulling rolls that cooperate to draw a glass web in a draw direction rotatably positioned in an interior of the enclosure. A cooling device for extracting heat from the glass web is in fluid communication with a cooling fluid source and includes an actively cooled flapper disposed in the interior of the enclosure that is movable to facilitate varying the heat extraction. The actively cooled flapper serves as a heat sink in the interior of the enclosure and the cooling fluid extracts heat from the actively cooled flapper to remove heat from the glass web and the enclosure.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of forming a laminated glass ribbon may include flowing a molten glass core composition and a molten glass cladding composition in a vertically downward direction. The molten glass core composition may be contacted with the molten glass cladding composition to form the laminated glass ribbon comprising a glass core layer formed from the molten glass core composition and a glass cladding layer formed from the molten glass cladding composition. Core beads located proximate an edge of the glass core layer and clad beads located proximate an edge of the glass cladding layer may be compressed while the glass core layer and the glass cladding layers have viscosities greater than or equal to the viscosity at their softening points as the laminated glass ribbon is drawn in the vertically downward direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a foldable glass sheet having a thickness t of equal to or smaller than 0.2 mm and having a surface compressive stress CS of greater than 700 MPa, in which when the glass sheet is subjected to a bending test in which, while bending and supporting the glass sheet by a first support board and a second support board which are parallel to each other, the second support board is moved relative to the first support board by equal to or greater than 200 mm in a state of maintaining an interval between a support surface of the first support board and a support surface of the second support board, the glass sheet is not broken even in a case where a curvature radius of a bent portion of the glass sheet is set to equal to or smaller than 10 mm.

Abstract: A mold apparatus for bending a glass sheet includes a main frame structure and a first mold arrangement having a first mold and a guide frame connected to the first mold. A first guide member of the guide frame is guidable by the frame structure such that it is inhibited from moving laterally in any direction, and a second guide member of the guide frame is guidable by the frame structure such that it is movable laterally away from the first guide member due to thermal expansion. The apparatus further includes a second mold arrangement including a second mold and a frame that supports the second mold such that the second mold is movable laterally relative to the frame. A sensor is also included for sensing position of one of the molds to determine whether the one mold is in a suitable position for mating with the other mold.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a glass tube having a cross section that deviates from a circular shape by reforming with high precision and quality of the surface. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of this process for producing housings for mobile electronic devices. The process comprises at least provision of a glass tube, heating of the glass tube, provision of at least one reforming tool, where the reforming tool is suitable for exerting a compressive force on the heated glass tube, provision of an inner mandrel which comprises at least one open-pored material, insertion of at least one section of the inner mandrel into the glass tube and forming of the glass tube by application of a compressive force perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the glass tube, where the compressive force is exerted by the reforming tool and acts on the outer surface of the glass tube and where the glass tube does not rotate around its longitudinal axis.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultraviolet-absorbent glass that is suitable as a dark gray glass, that has a very low ultraviolet transmittance (TUV), and that has excellent color rendering properties for green. The present invention relates to an ultraviolet-absorbent glass in which: the ultraviolet transmittance (TUV) as defined in ISO 9050:2003 is 2% or less for a thickness of 2.8 mm; the visible light transmittance (TVA) based on a standard A light source is 10% to 30% inclusive for a thickness of 2.8 mm; the energy transmittance (TE) as defined in JIS R 3106:1998 is 30% or less for a thickness of 2.8 mm; a ratio R14/R9 for color rendering indices as defined in ISO 9050:1990 and JIS Z 8726:1990 is 1.8 or greater; and a ratio R14/R1 is 1.05 or greater.

Abstract: A low-boron, barium-free, alkaline earth alumino-silicate glass composition having a low content of B2O3, high content of Al2O3, and a controlled ratio of (B2O3+CaO+MgO+SrO)/Al2O3. The glass composition may be suitable for low temperature poly-Si thin film transistors on substrates having a high glass strain point temperature.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process to increase the mechanical and chemical resistance of a hydrolyzable network-forming silica gel coating provided on the surface of a substrate. According to the invention, a coating composition comprising a hydrolyzable, network-forming silica gel doped with a precursor of bismuth or cerium oxide is applied on the surface of the substrate. The present invention concerns also the product obtained by the said process.

Abstract: A coated article is provided, having a coating supported by a glass substrate where the coating includes at least one color and/or reflectivity-adjusting absorber layer. The absorber layer(s) allows color tuning, and reduces the glass side reflection of the coated article and/or allows sheet resistance of the coating to be reduced without degrading glass side reflection. In certain example embodiments the absorber layer is provided between first and second dielectric layers which may be of substantially the same material and/or composition, in certain example embodiments, the coated article is capable of achieving desirable transmission, together with desired color, low reflectivity, and low selectivity, when having only one infrared (IR) reflecting layer of silver and/or gold. Coated articles according to certain example embodiments of this invention may be used in the context of insulating glass (IG) window units, monolithic windows, or the like.

Abstract: A substrate having a coating is disclosed. The coating is formed of a plurality of layers. A base layer of the plurality of layers includes an alloy, and at least two additional layers include silver. A coating for a substrate is also disclosed. A method of coating a substrate is further disclosed.

Abstract: An article that includes: a glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic substrate comprising a primary surface; at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film disposed over the primary surface; and an easy-to-clean (ETC) coating comprising a fluorinated material that is disposed over an outer surface of the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film. The at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises an average hardness of 12 GPa or more. Further, the outer surface of the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises a surface roughness (Rq) of less than 1.0 nm. Further, the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises a total thickness of about 500 nm or more.

Abstract: A large-size synthetic quartz glass substrate has a diagonal length of at least 1,000 mm. Provided that an effective range is defined on the substrate surface, and the effective range is partitioned into a plurality of evaluation regions such that the evaluation regions partly overlap each other, a flatness in each evaluation region is up to 3 ?m. From the quartz glass substrate having a high flatness and a minimal local gradient within the substrate surface, a large-size photomask is prepared.

Abstract: A chemically strengthened glass having a thickness t of 2 mm or less, having a compressive stress value (CS90) at a portion of 90 ?m deep from a glass surface being 25 MPa or more, and satisfying a number of fragments generated within a size of 25 mm×25 mm being 20 or less in a fracture test according to an indenter indentation test under a condition of holding a load ranging from 5 kgf to 10 kgf for 15 seconds with a pyramidal diamond indenter having an indenter angle of a facing angle of 60°.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a glass panel unit manufacturing method and a glass window manufacturing method which enable a binder to be effectively removed from a glass adhesive, provide high adhesive strength between panels, and enable a vacuum space to be stably formed. A method for manufacturing a glass panel unit includes: disposing a glass adhesive to have one part as a low step part thinner than the other part of the glass adhesive; disposing a first substrate including at least a first glass substrate and a second substrate including at least a second glass substrate to face each other; and heating glass composite to form an inner space; reducing the pressure of the inner space; and forming a vacuum space from the inner space. The glass adhesive includes glass powder and a binder.

Abstract: Methods and systems for fabricating synthetic source rocks with organic materials, for example, using high energy resonant acoustic mixing technology, are provided. An example method includes preparing one or more organic components including kerogen, mixing, by utilizing resonant acoustic waves, the one or more organic components with one or more inorganic components to obtain a mixture, and processing the mixture to fabricate a synthetic source rock. Another example method includes mixing one or more organic components and one or more inorganic components with a kerogen precursor as an organic binder to obtain a mixture including artificial kerogen and processing the mixture to fabricate a synthetic source rock. One or more mechanical or chemo-mechanical properties of the synthetic source rock can be characterized as one or more functions of the one or more organic components and the one or more inorganic components.

Abstract: There is provided a gypsum composition for a drying type coating material, the gypsum composition, when made into a gypsum-based coating material by addition of water, capable of forming a coating film in which color unevenness is suppressed even though the coating film is thin and smooth. This gypsum composition for a drying type coating material contains hemihydrate gypsum having a mean particle diameter of 50 ?m or less, calcium carbonate having a mean particle diameter of 50 ?m or less, and a setting retarder, wherein the gypsum composition has a content of calcium carbonate of 100 to 400 parts by mass and a content of the setting retarder of 0.1 parts by mass or more each based on 100 parts by mass of the hemihydrate gypsum.

Abstract: A lightweight micro-closed-pore corundum composite refractory and a method preparing the same, wherein raw materials of the refractory comprise 95-99 parts by weight of ?-Al2O3 micro-powder and 1-5 parts by weight of dolomite clinker; and additives of the refractory comprise 2-15 parts by weight of nano alumina sol, 5-15 parts by weight of a carbohydrate polymer, and 30-50 parts by weight of an organic alcohol. and the lightweight micro-closed-pore corundum composite refractory is prepared by: mixing and wet grinding the raw materials and the additives to obtain a slurry; placing the slurry in a mold, keeping the mold at 15-25° C. for 6-12 hours and then keeping the mold at 60-90° C. for 6-12 hours, then demolding; drying a demolded green body at 110-200° C. for 24-36 hours, and keeping the green body at 1800-2000° C. for 2-5 hours. A method preparing a lightweight micro-closed-pore corundum composite refractory is also provided.

Abstract: Methods for forming ceramic cores are disclosed. A ceramic core formed using the method of the present application includes a silica depletion zone encapsulating an inner zone. The inner zone includes mullite and the silica depletion zone includes alumina. The method includes heat-treating a ceramic body in a non-oxidizing atmospheric condition for an effective temperature and time combination at a pressure less than 10? atmosphere to form the silica depletion zone at a surface of the ceramic core.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an aqueous coating composition on the basis of a fast-curing hydraulic binder, the coating composition being applied in liquid form to a substrate, and also to the corresponding coating composition. The coating composition additionally comprises an organic polymeric binder, a retardant, and a curing accelerator. Following prior activation, the coating compositions produce coatings having improved through-drying properties.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods to convert nitrogen in a wastewater stream to an arginine-enriched polypeptide, which includes supplying a nitrogen-enriched wastewater stream; culturing an organism in the waste stream that produces an arginine-enriched polypeptide to produce the arginine-enriched polypeptide; and removing the produced arginine-enriched polypeptide from the wastewater stream to create a processed wastewater stream. The methods also include a method to make an arginine-enriched polypeptide enriched fertilizer by flowing the effluent from the culturing step over a cation exchange material to allow binding of the arginine enriched polypeptide to the cation exchange material; and collecting arginine-enriched polypeptide to form the arginine-enriched polypeptide enriched fertilizer. The method also includes enhancing the growth or production of a plant using the fertilizer containing the arginine-enriched polypeptide.

Abstract: A micro-carbon bio-fertilizer for rapidly increasing a soil granular structure and a preparation method thereof are provided. The formula composition of the micro-carbon bio-fertilizer by mass percentage is: 30-60% of micro carbons, and 40-70% of plant fibers. The preparation process includes is that: preparation of raw materials; filtration and purification of the raw materials; biodegradation; canning of semi-finished product; dispensing and mixing; sedimentation and achievement of finished product. The macromolecular carbohydrates contained in the industrial wastewater rich in organic matters are activated into micro carbons of 100 ?m in average through biotechnologies. The micro carbons have natural affinity with soil and split the soil into small particles which are gathered to form a granular structure. Such a granular structure mitigates the degree of soil hardening and acidification, while quickly increasing soil fertility and improving crop quality and yield.

Abstract: A homogeneous fertilizer granule comprises slow-release (e.g. struvite) and fast release sources of phosphorus (P). The homogeneous fertilizer granule may further contain other essential nutrients and micronutrients required by plants. A number of methods may be used to make such granules. One method includes introducing a struvite slurry or fines and a liquid supply of water soluble P into a granulator. Alternatively, dry raw materials can be mixed with water/steam and/or another binder prior to being fed into a granulator. In another embodiment, pre-mixed dry raw materials are mechanically compacted and crushed to yield homogeneous fertilizer particles.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods of making a liquid fertilizer additive of biodegradable polymeric and/or oligomeric nitrification inhibitors comprised of utilizing a non-aqueous polar, aprotic organo liquid (NAPAOL) as the reaction medium for the reaction of aldehyde(s) with cyano-containing nitrification inhibitors that have one or more aldehyde reactive groups selected from the group consisting of a) primary, b) secondary amines, c) amides, d) thiols, e) hydroxyls and f) phenols.