Abstract: Systems and methods for providing enhanced image quality across a wide and extended range of foci encompass vision treatment techniques and ophthalmic lenses such as contact lenses and intraocular lenses (IOLs). Exemplary IOL optics can include an aspheric refractive profile imposed on a first or second lens surface, and a diffractive profile imposed on a first or second lens surface. The aspheric refractive profile can focus light toward a far focus. The diffractive profile can include a central zone that distributes a first percentage of light toward a far focus and a second percentage of light toward an intermediate focus. The diffractive profile can also include a peripheral zone, surrounding the central zone, which distributes a third percentage of light toward the far focus and a fourth percentage of light toward the intermediate focus.

Abstract: Laser safety glasses for use in laser medical and cosmetic procedures on a patient include a pair of safety glasses wherein the safety glasses include a pair of lenses, one or more of the lenses being structured to absorb one or more predetermined wavelengths of laser energy light; a screen is mounted on at least one lens of the pair of lenses, the screen being operatively associated with a system one of internal or external to the glasses configured to generate and provide information regarding the medical or cosmetic procedure to a wearer of the laser safety glasses through the screen.

Abstract: A substrate and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device are provided. The substrate comprises a base substrate (101), a metal black matrix (111) and an anti-reflection pattern (112A, 112B) for reducing optical reflectivity of the metal black matrix (111), which are arranged on the base substrate (101), and the anti-reflection pattern (112A, 112B) is arranged on a side of the metal black matrix (111) close to a light emission side of the substrate. The anti-reflection pattern (112A, 112B) reduces reflectivity of the metal black matrix (111) on outside ambient light, increases a display contrast of a display device that includes the substrate, and thus improves display quality of the pictures.

Abstract: Provided is a thermo-optic optical switch including an input waveguide configured to receive an optical signal, an output waveguide configured to output the optical signal, branch waveguides branching from the input waveguide to be connected to the output waveguide, and heater electrodes disposed on the branch waveguides and configured to heat the branch waveguides, wherein the branch waveguides includes first and second phase shifters having first and second thermo-optic coefficients of opposite signs.

Abstract: Techniques for increasing efficiency of thermo-optic phase shifters using multi-pass heaters and thermal bridges are provided. In one aspect, a thermo-optic phase shifter device includes: a plurality of optical waveguides formed in an SOI layer over a buried insulator; at least one heating element adjacent to the optical waveguides; and thermal bridges connecting at least one of the optical waveguides directly to the heating element. A method for forming a thermo-optic phase shifter device is also provided.

Abstract: Provided are quantum dots passivated by oligomers or polymers which are formed by a reaction of a first monomer having at least three thiol groups (—SH) at the terminal end with a second monomer having at least two functional groups at the terminal end that can react with the thiol groups, and a spacer group between the at least two functional groups.

Abstract: An optical modulator circuit includes first and second electrodes, first and second p-n junction segments (PNJSs), and first and second optical waveguides. The first PNJS includes a first modulating p-n junction (MPNJ) in series with a first non-modulating device (NMD) that are connected to the first and second electrodes, respectively, where the first NMD includes a first substantially larger capacitance than the first MPNJ. The second PNJS includes a second NMD in series with a second MPNJ that are connected to the first and second electrodes, respectively, where the second NMD includes a second substantially larger capacitance than the second MPNJ. The first and second optical waveguides superimpose the first and second MPNJs, respectively, where the first and second MPNJs are configured to modulate a refractive index of the first and second optical waveguides, respectively, based on the substantially larger capacitance of the first NMD and the second NMD.

Abstract: To reduce a production cost of a semiconductor device and provide a semiconductor device having improved characteristics. A grating coupler has a plurality of projections separated from each other in an optical waveguide direction and a slab portion formed between any two of the projections adjacent to each other and formed integrally with them; a MOS optical modulator has a projection extending in the optical waveguide direction and slab portions formed on both sides of the projection, respectively, and formed integrally therewith. The projection of the grating coupler and the MOS optical modulator is formed of a first semiconductor layer, a second insulating layer, and a second semiconductor layer stacked successively on a first insulating layer, while the grating coupler and the MOS optical modulator each have a slab portion formed of the first semiconductor layer.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to an element that is capable of acting as both an optical polarizer and an optical attenuator, thus integrating both functions into a single element. The element comprises a monolithic or one piece glass polarizer (herein also call the “substrate”), a multilayer “light attenuation or light attenuating” (“LA”) coating that has been optimized for use at selected wavelengths and attenuations deposited on at least one polarizer facial surface, and a multilayer anti-reflective (AR) coating on top of the LA coating. The disclosure is further directed to an integrated optical isolator/attenuator comprising a first and a second polarizing elements and a Faraday rotator for rotating light positioned after the first polarizing element and before the second polarizing element, the integrated optical isolator/attenuator both polarizing and attenuation a light beam from a light source.

Abstract: A method of obtaining or maintaining optical transference into deaerated liquid in contact with a light transference medium is disclosed. The method comprises applying ultrasonic energy at a wavelength (?) into deaerated liquid in contact with a light transference medium. The ultrasonic energy at wavelength (?) originates at a distance (d) from an optical signal transmitted into the light transference medium. The distance (d) may be defined by a formula based on the wavelength (?) of the ultrasonic energy.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an optical display device by sequentially peeling a plurality of optical film sheets continuously supported on a long web of a carrier film and laminating the plurality of optical film sheets to a plurality of panel components are provided. After completing laminating operation of a preceding optical film sheet to a preceding panel component, a rear end of next optical film sheet, supported on a carrier film which in a state where one of opposite surfaces thereof is folded to inside at a tip-end of a peeling member, is read at a predetermined detecting position as positional information, then a leading end of an optical film sheet is positioned at a predetermined laminating position based on the positional information while peeling the optical film sheet from the carrier film.

Abstract: Electronic flat panel displays (FPDs) including liquid crystal displays (LCDs) may be resized to meet custom size requirements for applications in aerospace and elsewhere. During the resizing process, pixel line defects may occur in the image due to electrical short circuits at the resized cut edge. Methods for repairing such short circuits are described, including use of mechanical, electrical, chemical, thermal, and/or other methods, and any combination thereof, to open the short circuits. The methods may be applied to the sealed cut edge to ruggedize the seal, even if image defects are not exhibited initially. The repaired short circuits may be stress tested to ensure the defects will not recur during the life of the display, and the repaired areas may be resealed.

Abstract: An inspection jig for a display device includes a jig body, the jig body includes a limit groove configured to limit the position of the display device to be inspected, and the jig body is provided with a soldering point testing portion, the soldering potin testing portion is provided with a plurality of testing terminal pairs; each of the testing terminal pairs comprises two testing terminals; in every two adjacent testing terminal pairs, one testing terminal of one testing terminal pair and one testing terminal of the other testing terminal pair are serially connected with an indicator lamp therebetween; along a serial connection direction of the testing terminals, a testing terminal located at two ends are electrically connected with a positive pole and a negative pole of a power source.

Abstract: A display device and a control method thereof are provided. The display device includes a light emitter, configured to emit light; and a light reflector, configured to reflect the light from the light emitter onto one or more side viewing regions of a viewing region of a display panel. The viewing region further includes a front viewing region in front of the display panel. The one or more side viewing regions are adjacent to the front viewing region.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that, with photo-alignment films, can maintain a favorable voltage holding ratio for a long period of time and prevent generation of image sticking and stains on the display screen. The liquid crystal display device includes: an active-matrix liquid crystal panel; and a backlight, the liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal layer, paired substrates holding the liquid crystal layer in between, and alignment films disposed on the liquid crystal layer side surfaces of the respective substrates, the alignment films each being a photo-alignment film formed from a material exhibiting photo-alignment performance, the liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal material and a radical scavenger.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display device and a method for controlling a grating. The display device includes at least a pixel array and a grating. The pixel array comprises a plurality of columns of pixels. Each pixel includes at least one sub-pixel. Upper edges of odd-numbered columns of sub-pixels are aligned and upper edges of even-numbered columns of sub-pixels are aligned, and each of the odd-numbered columns of sub-pixels and each of the even-numbered columns of sub-pixels are staggered longitudinally. The grating comprises a liquid crystal layer and a first substrate. The electrodes of the first substrate are arranged to correspond to a region where a portion of the odd-numbered columns of, or the even-numbered columns of, sub-pixels of the pixel array is located. A corresponding region of the grating is turned on or turned off so as to form a light shielding region and a light transmitting region.

Abstract: A flexible TFT backplane includes, a flexible substrate, a first set of address line contacts associated with the substrate, and a second set of address line contacts associated with the substrate. The first set of address line contacts and the second set of address line contacts are located at opposite sides of the substrate from each other, defining a vertical direction. A first set of address lines designed to run in one of the vertical direction and a diagonal or non-vertical direction with respect to the defined vertical direction, with the first set of address lines connected to the first set of address line contacts. Also provided is a second set of address lines designed to run in one of a diagonal or non-vertical direction with respect to the defined vertical direction, and a combination of diagonal and horizontal directions with respect to the vertical direction, with the second set of address lines connected to the second set of address line contacts.

Abstract: A frame assembly and a display device are provided. The frame assembly includes a back plate, a first frame and a fixing assembly. The back plate comprises at least one side edge, and the side edge has an extending direction. The first frame is combined with the back plate. The fixing assembly includes at least one first engaging structure, at least one second engaging structure and a fixing member. The first engaging structure is disposed on the at least one side edge of the back plate. The second engaging structure is disposed on at least one side edge of the first frame. The fixing member is inserted into and combined with the at least one first engaging structure and the at least one second engaging structure along the extending direction.

Abstract: Discussed are a supporting cover for curved display and a curved display device including the same, which include a fastening part for preventing a screw fastening defect. The supporting cover may include a fastening part including a screw thread which is provided in an edge of a floor having a curved shape and is inclined at an angle of N degrees from a normal line direction with respect to a curved surface of the floor, where N is a real number greater than zero, thereby preventing a screw fastening defect from occurring in assembling the fastening part and a housing.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a curved-surface backlight source and a display device comprising the curved-surface backlight source. The curved-surface backlight source comprises: a frame, an optical film and a plurality of light source assemblies; the light source assemblies are disposed on the frame, the optical film is disposed on light emergent sides of the light source assemblies, and the light source assemblies and the optical film are in a curved shape.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes a first substrate including a first area, a second area, a third area and a fourth area from an end portion to an inner side in a planar view. An organic insulating film is present in the second area and the third area, and is not present in the fourth area. A conductive film is formed at least on the organic insulating film of the second area. A sealing material is present in the first area, the third area and the fourth area to attach the first substrate and a second substrate. A through portion is adjacent to an inner side of the fourth area and penetrates the first substrate, the second substrate and the sealing material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the technical field of display, particularly to a spliced display and a display system. The spliced display includes clips and a number of display modules. The display modules can be spliced into an image display area, and adjacent two display modules can be connected by clips. By connecting adjacent two display modules by clips into the spliced display, the assembling time can be reduced, the assembling process can be simplified, and this is advantageous to mass production of products.

Abstract: An In-Plane Switching (IPS) array substrate, a method for manufacturing the IPS array substrate and a display device are provided. The common electrodes of the IPS array substrate further function as touch electrodes, thereby implementing a built-in touch display device. The IPS array substrate is further provided with signal lines that are electrically connected to the touch electrodes in a one-to-one correspondence. During a touch time period included in a time period for displaying one frame of image, it is detected, through the corresponding signal lines, whether self-capacitances of the touch electrodes are changed, so as to determine a touch position.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, a plurality of pixels arranged on the display panel, a data driver and a gate driver configured to apply a driving signal to the plurality of pixels, a timing controller configured to apply a control signal to the data driver and the gate driver, and store a plurality of driving voltage predetermined values for different temperatures, a temperature sensor configured to measure an ambient temperature, and a power management integrated circuit configured to adjust a driving voltage. The power management integrated circuit includes a controller configured to receive a driving voltage predetermined value among the plurality of driving voltage predetermined values from the timing controller using the measured ambient temperature, a plurality of storage banks configured to store the driving voltage predetermined value, and a power generator configured to output the driving voltage at the driving voltage predetermined value.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display (LCD) device. An LCD device includes: a gate line on a substrate; first and second data lines crossing the gate line to respectively define first and second pixel regions; and a plurality of electrodes at each of the first and second pixel regions and including a plurality of bars, the plurality of electrodes including a first and a second outermost electrode, wherein the first data line overlaps an upper portion of the first outermost electrode of the first pixel region, and is spaced apart from a lower portion of the first outermost electrode of the first pixel region, and wherein the second data line is spaced apart from an upper portion of the second outermost electrode of the first pixel region, and overlaps a lower portion of the second outermost electrode of the first pixel region.

Abstract: A display panel and a display device are disclosed. The display panel comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate that are cell-assembled together; a first polarizer that is disposed on a lower side of the first substrate. The first substrate and the second substrate are sealed by a sealing material disposed in a periphery region of both the first substrate and the second substrate. A display area is an area on the first substrate inside the sealing material and a first non-display area is an area that is aligned with the second substrate on the first substrate and outside of the sealing material. The first substrate extends outward on a side of the first non-display area to protrude out of the second substrate; the first polarizer extends outward on the side of the first non-display area to protrude out of the second substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device and a method of manufacturing the same are discussed. The LCD device according to an embodiment includes a first substrate and a second substrate bonded to each other, an inner black matrix and an outer black matrix disposed in the bezel area of the second substrate to be spaced apart from each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. A display area and a bezel area surrounding the display area are defined in the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate including a switching element and a pixel electrode, a second substrate including an insulating substrate, an organic layer which covers the insulating substrate in a non-display area in a shape of a frame surrounding a display area and comprises a first recess portion formed therein, and a light-shielding layer which covers the first recess portion, a sealing member which attaches the first substrate and the second substrate in the non-display area and a liquid crystal layer disposed in a space surrounded by the first substrate, the second substrate and the sealing member.

Abstract: The present invention provides an array substrate, a color film substrate, and a display device. The array substrate includes a first substrate and a switch unit arranged on the first substrate, and further includes a first alignment layer arranged on the switch unit, and the first alignment layer includes a first alignment unit and a second alignment unit arranged alternately. An alignment direction of the first alignment unit is perpendicular to an alignment direction of the second alignment unit. The color film substrate includes a second substrate and a color photoresist layer arranged on the second substrate, and further includes a second alignment layer arranged on the color photoresist layer, and the second alignment layer includes a first alignment area and a second alignment area arranged alternately. An alignment direction of the first alignment area is perpendicular to an alignment direction of the second alignment area.

Abstract: A color substrate and a display device including the same. The color substrate includes: a substrate including first and second pixel regions spaced apart from each other, and a light shielding region between the first and second pixel regions; a first color conversion layer over the first pixel region and configured to convert incident light into first color light; a second color conversion layer over the second pixel region and configured to convert the incident light into second color light; and a retroreflective layer over the light shielding region and configured to retroreflect incident light through the first and second color conversion layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method of a color filter substrate, comprising: providing a first substrate, and the first substrate comprising pixel unit regions and a light blocking region located between the pixel unit regions, coating a photoresist material on the first substrate, and exposing the pixel unit regions to form monochromatic blocks, and partially exposing the light blocking region to form color blocks; coating a black photoresist material in the light blocking region, and the black photoresist material covering the color blocks; exposing the black photoresist material and the black photoresist material located in the light blocking region forming a black matrix and the black photoresist material covering the color blocks forming spacers. The black photoresist material, of which the color blocks are used to be the substrate, form spacers, and the black photoresist material in the rest part of the light blocking region forms a black matrix.

Abstract: A display device includes a display component (1), which includes a liquid crystal panel and a backlight source (11) with the liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal cell, a first polarizing sheet (12) located on a side of the liquid crystal cell near the backlight source, and a second polarizing sheet (16) located on a side of the liquid crystal cell away from the backlight source. One of the first polarizing sheet (12) and the second polarizing sheet (16) is movable.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate including a color filter, and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate includes a light-reflecting layer, a transparent conductive layer, an insulating layer, a first pixel electrode, and a second pixel electrode. The color filter includes a first color layer and a second color layer. A gap between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode, the first color layer or the second color layer, the light-reflecting layer, the transparent conductive layer and the insulating layer are overlaid.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an array substrate, a manufacturing method thereof, a repairing method thereof, a display panel and a display device. The array substrate includes a base substrate, and a pixel electrode and a common electrode superimposed one on another on the base substrate. An electrically conductive layer is arranged at a region where the pixel electrode and the common electrode overlap each other. The electrically conductive layer is at least insulated from one of the pixel electrode and the common electrode.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes a pair of substrates arranged oppositely to each other with a distance, and a light source disposed on a side surface of one of the pair of substrates. The illumination apparatus further includes an electrode that is provided on a surface of each of the pair of substrates and generates an electric field in a direction intersecting perpendicularly to the surface of the substrate. The illumination apparatus further includes a light modulation layer that is disposed at a clearance between the pair of substrates and is configured to exhibit scattering property or transparency to light from the light source, based on magnitude of the electric field generated by the electrode. The electrode includes a plurality of first electrode blocks on a surface of one of the pair of substrates.

Abstract: A virtual curved surface display panel and a display device are provided. By using the light splitting principle of the grating structure, the imaging heights of the grating structures are designed to be symmetrically distributed with respect to a vertical symmetry axis of a display surface of the flat display panel. In the grating structures on the same side of the symmetry axis, the imaging heights of the respective grating structures having the same distance from the vertical symmetry axis are the same, and the imaging heights of the respective grating structures having different distances from the vertical symmetry axis are different from each other. By setting the imaging heights of the grating structures, the image distances of the pixels in the flat display panel are different so that the images of the plurality of pixels constitute a curved surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a backlight module and a method for assembling the same, and a display device. The backlight module includes a backplate and a light strip, wherein, on the backplate is provided a fixing structure, the fixing structure including a resilient press tab provided with a protrusion thereon projecting toward the surface of the backplate, and on the light strip is provided a hole which can be matched with the protrusion on the resilient press tab.

Abstract: A dual-mode liquid crystal display device, a color filter substrate and an array substrate are provided. The display device comprises: a color filter substrate, an array substrate assembled with the color filter substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the color filter substrate and the array substrate. The pixel area of the array substrate comprises red, green, blue and white sub-pixels; and the color filter substrate or the array substrate is provided with a fluorescent layer at the position corresponding to the white sub-pixels.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a display panel, and a color conversion layer coupled to the display panel and having a color conversion layer, where the color conversion layer includes a block copolymer including a first copolymer and a second copolymer, and quantum rods dispersed within the block copolymer. The block copolymer includes a first block structure unit formed by the first copolymer; and a second block structure unit formed by the second copolymer, where the quantum rods is are disposed within either one of the first block structure unit and the second block structure unit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a backlight unit and a liquid crystal display panel disposed on the backlight unit, wherein the backlight unit includes a light source unit and a plurality of optical sheets, wherein an optical sheet closest to the liquid crystal display panel among the plurality of optical sheets is a polarizing optical sheet and includes a base film and an optical pattern disposed on a surface of the base film, wherein at least one of the base film and the optical pattern includes an aligned organic fluorescent material.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a display panel which displays an image, an accommodating frame in which the display panel is accommodated, the accommodating frame including a bottom portion, a plurality of light source units arranged in a matrix form on the bottom portion, and a plurality of partitions dividing the plurality of light source units based on a row or column direction, wherein each of the plurality of light source units includes a plurality of light sources having different wavelengths, and the partition is spaced apart from the display panel and the bottom portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical modulator that prevents aggregation of shape-anisotropic particles. The optical modulator of the present invention includes: (1) a first substrate and a second substrate that are disposed to face each other; (2) an optical modulation layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; and (3) a vertical alignment film. The optical modulation layer (2) contains: (2A) liquid crystal molecules that have a positive anisotropy of dielectric constant with a value of the anisotropy ?? of 10 or more; and (2B) shape-anisotropic particles each including a core material and a coating layer that is formed of a material containing a fluorine atom and constitutes an outer surface of the shape-anisotropic particles. The first substrate includes a pair of electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention prevents the shaving of an alignment film caused by a columnar spacer in a liquid crystal display device of an IPS method using photo-alignment. A plinth higher than a pixel electrode is formed at a part where a columnar spacer formed over a counter substrate touches a TFT substrate. When an alignment film of a double-layered structure is applied over the pixel electrode and the plinth, the thickness of the alignment film over the plinth reduces by a leveling effect. When photo-alignment is applied in the state, a photodegraded upper alignment film over the plinth disappears and a lower alignment film having a high mechanical strength remains. As a result, it is possible to prevent the shaving of the alignment film.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a sealant, a liquid crystal layer, an organic insulating film, an alignment film and an inorganic insulating film. The second substrate is opposed to the first substrate. The sealant attaches the first substrate and the second substrate to each other. The liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate. The organic insulating film, the alignment film and the inorganic insulating film are provided on the first substrate. The alignment film contacts the liquid crystal layer. The inorganic insulating film is located between the alignment film and the organic insulating film. At least part of the alignment film contacts the organic insulating film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel is provided and includes a pair of substrates arranged face to face so as to sandwich a liquid crystal layer, a lower electrode formed on a lower substrate, an upper electrode formed on the lower substrate through an insulating layer, in which plural slits are formed in each sub-pixel, wherein each of the plural slits is formed as an aperture in which both ends thereof in the longitudinal direction are closed, and an alignment film formed so as to cover a surface of the upper electrode and the insulating layer. The plural slits have different widths at both ends of slits in a longitudinal direction, and a rubbing direction of the alignment film is a direction crossing longitudinal edges of each of the slits.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a first alignment film formed over the first substrate, a second substrate, a second alignment film formed over the second substrate, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first alignment film and the second alignment film, and a projecting portion formed over the second substrate. The first alignment film is a photo alignment film, and a thickness “d2” of the second alignment film over the projecting portion and a film thickness “d1” of a portion of the first alignment film facing the projecting portion satisfy formula (2), d2<d1??(2).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate (FS) on which pixel regions are defined, a second substrate (SS) facing the FS, an alignment film disposed on a surface of the FS facing the SS, a wavelength conversion layer disposed on a surface of the SS facing the FS, a transmissive layer disposed on the surface of SS, a common electrode disposed on surfaces of the wavelength conversion layer and the transmissive layer facing the FS, a light-blocking member disposed on a surface of the common electrode facing the FS, and a liquid crystal layer between the alignment film and the light-blocking member. Each pixel region among the pixel regions includes: a pixel electrode disposed on the surface of the FS; an opening region in the light-blocking member; and a pixel overlap region outside the opening region, the pixel electrode overlapping the light-blocking member in the pixel overlap region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a TFT substrate formed with an alignment film on a pixel; a counter substrate disposed opposite to the TFT substrate and formed with an alignment film on a top surface on the TFT substrate side; and a liquid crystal sandwiched between the TFT substrate and the counter substrate. In the liquid crystal display device, the alignment film is configured of a first alignment film layer contacting the liquid crystal layer and having at least one kind of polyimide and a second alignment film layer formed below the first alignment film layer and having at least one kind of polyimide, the first alignment film layer is a material that is enabled to provide liquid crystal alignment regulating force by applying polarized light, and the first alignment film layer and the second alignment film layer contain a common polyimide structure.

Abstract: A mask including a plurality of baffles, a frame and a light transmission region, and a photo alignment method are provided. A support component and a movable component are disposed on the frame. The baffle is configured to block the light transmission region. The support component is configured to support the baffle which blocks the light transmission region. The movable component is configured to move the baffle to a position blocking the light transmission region.

Abstract: The present application discloses a rubbing roller for rubbing an alignment layer of a liquid crystal display substrate, including a rotary roller and a rubbing cloth substantially surrounding a circumferential surface of the rotary roller. The rubbing cloth includes at least a first portion and a second portion, each having a width substantially corresponding to a length of the rotary roller and a length corresponding to a division of a circumference of the rotary roller. Substantially all fibers of the first portion extending away from the rotary roller and leaning towards a first end of the rotary roller, and substantially all fibers of the second portion extending away from the rotary roller and leaning towards a second end of the rotary roller.