Abstract: A combustor assembly for a gas turbine engine and a method of additively manufacturing the same are provided. A combustor dome includes a combustor wall defining a hole and a circumferential groove defined within the combustor wall around the hole. A floating ferrule assembly is additively manufactured with the combustor dome and includes a ferrule positioned at least partially within the hole and defining a radial lip that is received within the circumferential groove to inseparably position the ferrule within the combustor wall. A build support arm is attached to the ferrule by a frangible connecting member, the frangible connecting member being breakable for separating and removing the build support arm from the ferrule.

Abstract: A thermal paid having a high temperature side located nearest a source of heat and a low temperature side. The thermal panel includes a corrugated composite material core having hot side ridges and cold side ridges. A hot side skin is attached to the hot side ridges to form a plurality of first cells. A cold side skin is attached to the cold side ridges to form a plurality of second cells. The first cells and second cells are substantially filled with an insulating material that has a thermal conductivity which is lower than the thermal conductivity of the composite material.

Abstract: A helicoidal structure promotes cooling of a liner applied in an annular space of a double-shell structure formed of the liner and a flow sleeve to cool a duct assembly, by increasing the residence time and cooling area of cooling compressed air on the surface of the liner. The helicoidal structure includes a helicoidal rib protruding from a surface of the liner to guide the cooling compressed air at a predetermined angle with respect to an axial direction of the liner, the helicoidal rib having cooling holes and forming a first cooling passage along which main-cooling compressed air flows and a second cooling passage along which auxiliary-cooling compressed air flows. The second cooling passage induces a flow of the auxiliary-cooling compressed air through the cooling holes, and the flow of the auxiliary-cooling compressed air is derived from a flow of the main-cooling compressed air in the first cooling passage.

Abstract: A combustor may include a combustor shell, a particle collection panel, and a combustor panel. The combustor shell may define a plurality of first impingement holes, the particle collection panel may include a plurality of particle collection chambers and may define a plurality of second impingement holes, and the combustor panel may define a plurality of effusion holes. The particle collection panel may be disposed inward of the combustor shell and the combustor panel may be disposed inward of the particle collection panel. Each particle collection chamber may have a closed inward end and an opening defined in an outward end. The particle collection chambers may be configured to entrap particulates.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a combustion section for a gas turbine engine. The combustion section includes a combustor assembly, an outer casing, a fuel injector assembly, and an inner casing. The combustor assembly includes an inner liner and an outer liner each extended at least partially along a lengthwise direction and at an acute angle relative to the longitudinal centerline. The combustor assembly further includes a dome assembly extended between the inner liner and the outer liner. The dome assembly, the inner liner, and the outer liner together define a combustion chamber therebetween. The combustor assembly still further includes a bulkhead assembly defining a plurality of walls coupled to the inner liner and generally surrounding the outer liner and dome assembly. At least a portion of the bulkhead assembly is extended at least partially along a forward direction and defines a plenum between the bulkhead assembly and the dome assembly.

Abstract: A cavity stabilized detonation combustor assembly for a rotating detonation engine includes opposing inner and outer walls that are radially spaced apart from each other and that both extend around a center axis of the rotating detonation engine. Detonations in the rotating detonation engine rotate around the center axis of the rotating detonation engine. The assembly also includes opposing leading and trailing cavity walls that are coupled with the inner and outer walls and which radially extend away from the center axis, and an axial wall that is coupled with and connects the leading and trailing cavity walls with each other. The axial wall and the leading and trailing cavity walls define a detonation stabilizing cavity in which detonations of the rotating detonation engine occur and are stabilized.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a combustor comprising a plurality of combustion nozzles, a cooling chamber configured to surround the plurality of combustion nozzles, an inner liner configured to surround one end of the cooling chamber and to have a plurality of through-holes formed in a circumferential direction in an end region surrounding the one end, an outer liner configured to surround the inner liner and to be spaced apart from the inner liner at a predetermined interval, and a plurality of protrusions configured to be disposed so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction on an outer circumferential surface of the inner liner in the end region, where some of the plurality of protrusions are spaced apart from the outer circumferential surface of the inner liner and overlap with a virtual line connecting the plurality of through-holes in a direction vertical to the outer circumferential surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a combustor assembly for a gas turbine engine. The combustor assembly includes a deflector wall, an annular axial wall, and an annular shroud. The deflector wall is extended at least partially along a radial direction and a circumferential direction relative to an axial centerline and adjacent to a combustion chamber. A fuel nozzle opening is defined through the deflector wall, and a nozzle centerline is extended through the fuel nozzle opening along a lengthwise direction. The annular axial wall is coupled to the deflector wall and extended through the fuel nozzle opening. The axial wall is defined around the nozzle centerline. The annular shroud is defined around the nozzle centerline and extended co-directional to the axial wall. The axial wall and the annular shroud are each coupled to a radial wall defined upstream of the deflector wall. The annular shroud, the axial wall, and the radial wall together define a cooling plenum therebetween.

Abstract: A burner assembly for a combustor includes: a plurality of first nozzles arranged in a circumferential direction of the combustor; a plurality of first burner cylinders accommodating the respective first nozzles; and a middle-flow-passage forming portion which is connected to a downstream end of the plurality of first burner cylinders and which forms a middle flow passage through which a combustion chamber of the combustor is in communication with an interior space of each of the plurality of first burner cylinders. The middle-flow-passage forming portion includes an inner peripheral wall disposed on a radially inner side of the combustor and formed such that a distance from a center axis of the combustor to the inner peripheral wall is uneven with respect to the circumferential direction.

Abstract: A swirler for mixing fuel with air in a combustion engine includes a central axis, a swirler base with an upper surface, a central portion, a number of main swirler elements and a number of obstruction elements. The main swirler elements and the obstruction elements are located at the upper surface of the swirler base and are arranged around the central portion. The main swirler elements form a number of swirler slots configured for directing a fluid towards the central portion. Each swirler slot has a slot inlet and a slot outlet, wherein the slot outlet is located at a smaller radial distance from the central axis than the swirler inlet. Each obstruction element is located at a slot inlet and configured for forming a plurality of flow channels into the swirler slot.

Abstract: A rotating detonation combustor includes a combustion chamber configured for a rotating detonation process to produce a flow of combustion gas and an air plenum configured to contain a volume of air. The rotating detonation combustor also includes a flow passage coupled in flow communication between the combustion chamber and the air plenum and configured to channel an airflow from the air plenum. The rotating detonation combustor also includes a fuel inlet coupled in flow communication with the flow passage and configured to channel a fuel flow into the flow passage. The flow passage includes a plurality of fuel mixing mechanisms configured to mix the airflow and the fuel flow within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a trapped vortex combustor and a method for operating trapped vortex combustor. In one embodiment, the trapped vortex combustor comprises a trapped vortex combustion zone and at least one secondary combustion zone disposed downstream of the trapped vortex combustion zone. The trapped vortex combustion zone is operable to receive and combust a first fuel and a first air and produce a first combustion product flowing toroidally therein. The at least one secondary combustion zone is operable to receive and combust the first combustion product and at least one second injection consisting of fuel and/or air and produce at least one second combustion product therein. The combustor may reduce the residence time of the highest temperature combustion products and achieve the lower NOx emission.

Abstract: A gas turbine combustor includes an external cylinder, an inner cylinder disposed in the external cylinder, a first fuel injecting unit disposed in the inner cylinder, an air passage provided between the external cylinder and the inner cylinder to cause compressed air to flow into the inner cylinder, and a second fuel injecting unit disposed in the air passage. The second fuel injecting unit is disposed at a curve communicating with the inner cylinder downstream in the air passage. The second fuel injecting unit is supported by a curved inner surface of the external cylinder in the inner cylinder. The second fuel injecting unit is disposed with a center line in a longitudinal direction inclined in a flow direction of the compressed air flowing through the air passage at a predetermined angle with respect to a perpendicular orthogonal to a tangent to the curved inner surface of the external cylinder.

Abstract: A roasting device has an upright plate unit, a brazier unit and a support unit. The upright plate unit includes a main plate, a first side plate, a second side plate, and a base plate. The main plate has two inner edges. The first side plate is pivotally connected to one of the two inner edges of the main plate. The second side plate is pivotally connected to the other inner edge of the main plate. The base plate is mounted between the first side plate and the second side plate, and abuts the first side plate and the second side plate. The brazier unit is located in the upright plate unit. The support unit is mounted in the upright plate unit and above the brazier unit.

Abstract: A smokeless safe combustion device includes a stove body and a flow guiding device. The stove body has opposite first and second sides and includes a wick disposed between the first and second sides. The wick is spaced from the first and second sides at first and second distances respectively. The flow guiding device includes a first and second shielding member respectively connected to the first and second sides of the stove body. The wick is spaced from the first and second shielding members at third and fourth distances respectively. The third distance is greater than the first distance and the first shielding member is spaced from the first side. The fourth distance is greater than the second distance and the second shielding member is spaced from the second outer side.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for the preparation of at least one food product (2) as well as a method for the same, wherein the system (1, 50) comprises a cooking chamber (3), in which the food product (2) can be prepared.

Abstract: A cooking system is disclosed. The cooking system comprises a controller in communication with a heating apparatus and a user interface. The controller is configured to access a cooking model for a selected food. The cooking model comprises a first layer indicating a first heat absorption relationship and a second layer indicating a second heat absorption relationship. The controller is further configured to receive a first cooking parameter from the user interface for the first layer and a second cooking parameter from the user interface for the second layer. The controller may further calculate a heat exchange model based on the first heat absorption relationship and the second heat absorption relationship.

Abstract: An embodiment of an electric heating element is disclosed, including an electrically resistive inner heating element, an electrically resistive outer heating element, and a thermostat positioned along a cold leg of the inner heating element. The thermostat is configured to selectively allow electrical current to be delivered to the inner heating element while maximum electrical current, for example, continues to be provided to the outer heating element. The thermostat cycles the electrical current on and off when detecting maximum and minimum desired temperatures radiated from the electric heating element. The inner heating element has a pair of cold legs that extend parallel to a pair of cold legs of the outer heating element, some or all of which may be supported by a terminal bracket.

Abstract: A one-piece sheet-metal structure includes a first wall, a second wall perpendicularly extending from the first wall, and a third wall perpendicularly extending from the first wall. The second wall is perpendicular to the first wall and the third wall. An end edge of the second wall is adjacent an end edge of the third wall to form a corner. The corner is provided with a clench lock so that the corner is weld-free. The clench lock includes bottom and top tabs. The bottom tab perpendicularly extends from the end edge of the second wall at a bottom tab bend and engages an inner side of the third wall. The top tab perpendicularly extends from an outer edge of the third wall at a top tab bend and bends around the bottom tab and engages an inner side of the bottom tab to clench the bottom tab at the corner.

Abstract: A burner assembly shielding device for preventing blowout of a flame generated by the burner assembly includes a tube that is sized and shaped complementarily to a perimeter of a well of a burner assembly. A lower end of the tube is configured to insert into the well so that an upper end of the tube is fixedly positioned proximate to an upper plane that is defined by an upper limit of a grate of the burner assembly. A wall of the tube is configured to shield a flame that is generated by the burner assembly from wind to prevent the flame from being extinguished.

Abstract: A system for heating water to improve safety and efficiency. The system may have normal operation measured in time. After a time of normal operation, a water temperature setpoint may be checked. If the setpoint is not at a certain level, normal operation may continue. If the setpoint is within the certain level, water temperature may be measured. If the water temperature is less than a desired level, one or more draws of water may be measured for a preset temperature drop. If the draws do not meet the temperature drop, a return to check the setpoint may be made. If the draws meet the temperature drop, the setpoint may be reduced and a time of normal operation may be measured to determine whether a burn cycle occurs within the time. If not, normal operation may continue; but if so, a return to check the setpoint may be made.

Abstract: A settings data storage stores unique serial numbers and information regarding a plurality of patterns for alternately switching between normal operation for operating at high capacity and suppressed operation for operating at low capacity each unit time. A pattern specifier determines information for a pattern set in accordance with even and odd serial numbers. A water-heating heat amount determiner determines a heat amount necessary for water heating. A water heating scheduler establishes a water heating plan based on information regarding the pattern determined by the pattern determiner and the water-heating heat amount as determined by the water-heating heat amount determiner. A water heating controller alternately switches between normal operating and suppressed operation to heat water in accordance with the water heating plan established by the water heating scheduler.

Abstract: An air handling unit has an interior shell, an exterior skin associated with the interior shell to form a wall space at least partially bound by each of the interior shell and the exterior skin, and a control component at least partially carried within the wall space. A cabinet for an air handling unit has at least one wall comprising an interior shell and an exterior skin associated with the interior shell to form a wall space at least partially bound by each of the interior shell and the exterior skin. The at least one wall at least partially defines a fluid duct of the cabinet and a control component is at least partially disposed within the wall space.

Abstract: An induction displacement unit comprising an induction plenum comprising a plurality of first nozzles communicating with a first discharge plenum and a plurality of second nozzles communicating with a second discharge plenum, a return air plenum, a heating coil disposed between the return air plenum and the first discharge plenum, a cooling coil disposed between the return air plenum and the second discharge plenum, the induction plenum vertically disposed between the heating coil and the cooling coil, the heating coil disposed in an upper portion of the unit, the first discharge plenum disposed to induce a substantially vertical discharge, and the second discharge plenum disposed to induce a substantially horizontal discharge.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a heat exchange system used to heat or cool a space are presented. The system includes an airflow source for providing an airflow and at least one conduit that defines an airflow path for receiving the airflow from the airflow source. The air conduit comprises an upwind portion and a downwind portion such that the airflow passes through the air conduit from the upwind portion to the downwind portion. The system further includes a heat exchange medium flow source for providing a heat exchange medium flow and at least one heat exchange medium conduit that defines a heat exchange medium flow path for receiving the heat exchange medium from the heat exchange medium flow source. The heat exchange medium conduit is positioned inside a corresponding air conduit to define a heat exchanger in which heat may be transferred between the airflow within the air conduit and the heat exchange medium flow within the heat exchange medium conduit.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed to adjust HVAC fan delay to reduce energy usage and to maintain comfort levels for occupants of a house. The system receives measurements of inside temperature over time, determines a duration of a previous run cycle of the HVAC system based on the measurements of the inside temperature and settings of the thermostat, determines a change in temperature inside of the house over the previous run cycle, adjusts a duration of the fan delay of a next run cycle based on the duration of the previous run cycle, temperature, change in temperature, and a time of day.

Abstract: Devices, methods, and systems for determining the cause of a fault in a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system are described herein. One device includes a memory, and a processor configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory to receive operational data associated with an HVAC system, receive control logic associated with a controller of the HVAC system, determine a cause of a fault occurring in the HVAC system based, at least in part, on the operational data associated with the HVAC system and the control logic of the controller of the HVAC system, and provide the cause of the fault occurring in the HVAC system to a user.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed to incorporate humidity measurements into the programming of the thermostatic controller to take into account the effect of humidity on comfort and energy efficiency.

Abstract: Energy consumption measurements from an electrical meter associated with the household indicate energy usage over time for the household. A system determines intra-day usage patterns from the energy consumption measurements, determines an occupancy time and assigns a level of confidence to the occupancy time based on a consistency of the intra-day usage patterns, and adjusts the level of confidence based on additional occupancy information.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed to incorporate manual changes to the setpoint for a thermostatic controller into the programming of the thermostatic controller to take into account the occupants acclimatization to humidity and temperature for comfort and energy efficiency.

Abstract: A fan drive circuit 1 for a heat pump device is provided. The heat pump device blows air heat exchanged by a heat exchanger using a mildly-flammable or flammable refrigerant having a specific gravity greater than that of air from a blowout port using a fan. The fan drive circuit 1 is equipped with a forced operation circuit configured to operate the fan in the event that it is undetectable that a protection device for preventing a leaked refrigerant from the heat pump device from reaching a combustible density is connected to the heat pump device.

Abstract: A method for selecting a fluid pressure of a fluid supplied to a plurality of terminal units in a climate control system includes adjusting the fluid pressure over a range over fluid pressures; determining a terminal unit efficiency for each terminal unit over the range of fluid pressures; determining a range of combined terminal unit efficiencies over the range of fluid pressures; identifying a range of bottom terminal unit efficiencies over the range of fluid pressures; and selecting a selected fluid pressure at which (i) a combined terminal unit efficiency is within a first threshold of a combined terminal unit efficiency limit and/or (ii) a bottom terminal unit efficiency is within a second threshold of a bottom terminal unit efficiency limit.

Abstract: When a humidity condition, including a humidity detected by a temperature and humidity sensor and a humidification load sensing unit falling below a threshold value, is met, an outside air conditioner supplies the heated and humidified air into the room. When the humidity condition is met during the indoor heating operation, the indoor heating operation is stopped or weakened. When the humidity condition is met, only the outside air conditioner is subjected to a heating and humidifying operation. Since the indoor air is not heated by the inside air conditioner more than necessary, when a heating load is low and a humidification load is present, a “conflicting state” can be prevented in which the inside air conditioner is subjected to a cooling and dehumidifying operation and the outside air conditioner is subjected to the heating and humidifying operation.

Abstract: Equipment management system including two or more indoor environment control devices controlling the air environment in an indoor space; and control terminal connected to each of indoor environment control devices and configured to send and receive information to and from them. Control terminal includes external communication unit that communicates with mobile communication device connected through a public line; condition acquiring unit that acquires information related to an operating condition of indoor environment control devices from mobile communication device through external communication unit; operating condition determination unit that determines an operating condition of indoor environment control devices based on information acquired by condition acquiring unit; and control unit that operates indoor environment control devices under the operating condition determined by operating condition determination unit.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system for replicating settings in an HVAC network includes a first control unit including a first internal clock, the first control unit communicatively coupled to a first plurality of HVAC units and a first interactive display. The system may also include a second control unit comprising a second internal clock, the second control unit communicatively coupled to a second plurality of HVAC units and a second interactive display. The system may include a communications network, wherein the first control unit detects the second control unit over the communications network and the first Internal clock and the second internal clock have the same time.

Abstract: The air flow of an HVAC system for a multi-story building B is controlled by optimizing the pressure setpoint at the return air plenum PL-1 used for removing or recirculate air from the building, by measuring a pressure differential between the building B air and atmosphere A air at a sensor location P-2, computing a desired pressure differential between the building B air and atmosphere A air, based upon a computed stack effect pressure that is expected to develop at the sensor location on the building for the current inside and outside air temperature in the absence of mechanical action, and controlling the return air fan and damper D-1 to pressurize the air in at the sensor location to produce the desired pressure differential between the building B air and atmosphere A air at the sensor P-2 location. Air pressure is also controlled between specific rooms and adjacent rooms by control of the conditioned air or return air paths connected thereto.

Abstract: A vent for venting of exhaust from a building comprising at least one inlet for receiving the exhaust from the building into the vent; at least one valve for assisting in maintaining the unidirectional movement of exhaust from inside to outside the building; and an outlet for allowing the release of the exhaust from the vent; wherein the inlet meets the vent at a forward angle such that the exhaust flows towards the outlet and acts to reduce friction of the exhaust against the vent.

Abstract: An electric water heater comprising two autonomous parts which are not in contact with each other: One part being a water tank having a plate of ferromagnetic material at its base, and the other part a magnetic induction module with variable control of power. To operate the water heater, the induction module is coupled to the base of the water tank; the energy is released by magnetic induction from the induction module to the plate of ferromagnetic material at the base of the water heater, which gets hot, heating the water inside the water tank. The fact that the induction module is physically separated from the water tank means that the electricity cannot be in contact with water at any time, so that the safety of the water heater against electric shock is total. The design allows several induction modules to be connected in parallel for water heaters requiring larger water tanks. A contactless temperature sensor of the water in the water tank ensures the total separation between water and electricity.

Abstract: A tubing assembly includes a plurality of tubing structures connected to each other in a configuration providing one or more fluid pathways through the plurality of tubing structures from a fluid entrance to a fluid exit of the plurality of tubing structures. An electrical resistance heating filament wire is wound around the plurality of tubing structures in an unbroken manner from the fluid entrance to the fluid exit. The electrical resistance heating filament wire has a first electrical lead located proximate to the fluid entrance of the plurality of tubing structures and a second electrical lead located proximate to the fluid exit of the plurality of tubing structures. An encapsulation layer of thermal insulating material is disposed over an entirety of the plurality of tubing structures and covers the electrical resistance heating filament wire wound around the plurality of tubing structures with the first and second electrical leads exposed.

Abstract: An internal pressure relief safety valve of a water heater includes: a valve body including a water inflow channel, a water outflow channel and a pressure relief channel, the water inflow channel communicates with the water outflow channel through a water outflow hole; a unidirectional water inflow assembly disposed in the valve body and used for allowing water flow to flow from the water inflow channel to the water outflow channel unidirectionally; a valve clack cooperating with a side wall of the pressure relief channel in a sliding and sealing way; a flexible sealing gasket installed at one end of the valve clack facing toward the pressure relief port and used for cooperating with the pressure relief port; and a pressure relief spring used for applying pressure to the valve clack, so that the flexible sealing gasket blocks the pressure relief port.

Abstract: Methods and systems for water heater system receiving electrical power from an electrical grid. The system includes an electronic processor configured to monitor an average water temperature of the water within a water tank of the system based on a first and second signal from a upper and lower temperature sensor, operate a upper heating element heating an upper portion of the tank and a lower heating element heating a lower portion of the tank in a first operation mode, receiving, via a transceiver, either an add load command or a shed load command from a grid controller, operating the upper heating element and lower heating element in a second mode in response to receiving the add load command, and operating the upper heating element and lower heating element in a third mode in response to receiving the shed load command.

Abstract: A heliostat surface shape detection system and a method based on multi-view image recognition are described. The system includes a multi-view image collector array, a bracket and a computer. The multi-view image collector array is arranged on the bracket so that the main optical axes of image collectors are parallel to each other and point to the heliostat; the multi-view image collector array is connected with the computer via data lines, and transmits the collected image data to the computer for heliostat surface shape calculation.

Abstract: A multifunction flat plate heat exchanger including a heat exchanging flat plate, a spectrum selectivity absorption layer, a light transmissive layer, at least one heat-conductive structure, and at least one airflow driving device is provided. The heat exchanging flat plate has a first plate surface, a second plate surface and a pipe tunnel located between the first plate surface and the second plate surface. The spectrum selectivity absorption layer covers the first plate surface. The light transmissive layer covers the spectrum selectivity absorption layer, and the light transmissive layer and the first plate surface are respectively located at two opposite sides of the spectrum selectivity absorption layer. The heat-conductive structure is disposed on the second plate surface. The airflow driving device is disposed at one side of the heat exchanging flat plate and the heat-conductive structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high-temperature air conditioning device. By changing an arrangement mode of throttle valves, a pressure of refrigerant inside a low-pressure pipeline is made to be lower than a pressure of refrigerant inside a medium-pressure pipeline, thus ensuring that the refrigerant, used for cooling components, inside the low-pressure pipeline has a low pressure, thereby solving a problem in the prior art that a frequency converter, a motor and lubricating oil are not cooled sufficiently or cannot be cooled due to excessively high evaporation pressure.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for a high-rise building includes a condenser unit and a compressor separate from the condenser unit and in fluid communication with the condenser unit. The compressor is to be located at a floor of a high-rise building that is below a location of the condenser unit at a roof top of the high-rise building. The system may also include an oil separator to separate oil from a refrigerant. The oil separator is in a path of the refrigerant from the compressor to the condenser unit, where the oil separator is distal from the condenser unit and proximal to the compressor.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to heat transferring apparatuses and methods. The apparatus and methods utilize the Joules-Thompson effect to remove heat from a heat source to facilitate cooling of the heat source. In one example, an apparatus receives heat from an object to be cooled. The received heat is used to pressurize a fluid. The pressurized fluid is depressurized through a venturi using vapor pressure as a driving force, thus cooling the fluid.

Abstract: A Transport Refrigeration Unit (TRU) includes one or more evaporators inside the TRU each containing two manifold tubes located at opposite ends of the evaporator and a multiplicity of cooling tubes traversing between the manifold tubes; one or more super-insulated vacuum tanks located in front of, beneath or inside the TRU, filled with liquid nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a cryogenic coolant connected to the one or more evaporators using vacuum-insulated pipes; a solenoid or pneumatic valve located upstream or downstream of the evaporator to meter a flow of nitrogen through the evaporator; a temperature controlling circuit that operates the solenoid or pneumatic valve; a flow restricting device that limits the flow of the cryogenic coolant through the evaporator; a vent pipe to vent the spent coolant outside the TRU; and a multiplicity of fans located adjacent to and above the evaporators that distribute the cooled air uniformly throughout the TRU.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a heat exchange device that includes a condenser configured to receive a refrigerant, an evaporator having an evaporation tube bundle, a throttling device configured to receive a first portion of the refrigerant from the condenser and to expand the first portion of the refrigerant before directing the first portion to the evaporator, and an ejector having a high pressure conduit, a low pressure conduit, and an outlet conduit, the ejector is configured to receive the first portion from the throttling device or a second portion of the refrigerant from the condenser via the high pressure conduit, receive a third portion of the refrigerant from the evaporator via the low pressure conduit, mix the first portion or the second portion with the third portion to form a mixed refrigerant, and direct the mixed refrigerant to the evaporator via the outlet conduit.

Abstract: A refrigeration system having an airflow supply system having a supply duct providing cooled air from a refrigeration unit to a plurality of galley carts received in one or more cart compartments includes a plurality of valves coupled in the airflow supply system for controlling flows of the cooled air to the plurality of galley carts in the one or more cart compartments, where each valve of the plurality of valves is associated with a respective galley cart. The refrigeration system includes a plurality of primary valve control actuators each coupled to a respective valve and configured to reposition the respective valve during a first mode of operation. The refrigeration system includes a backup valve control actuator coupled to at least one of the plurality of valves and configured to reposition the at least one of the plurality of valves during a second mode of operation.

Abstract: Refrigeration circuit (1a) comprising in the direction of flow of a circulating refrigerant: a compressor unit (2) comprising at least one compressor (2a, 2b, 2c); a heat rejecting heat exchanger/gas cooler (4); a high pressure expansion device (6); a receiver (8); an expansion device (10); an evaporator (12); and a low pressure gas-liquid-separation unit comprising at least two collecting containers (32, 34) which are configured for alternately separating a liquid phase portion from the refrigerant leaving the evaporator (12) and delivering the separated liquid refrigerant back to the receiver (8).