Abstract: A method for retarding hydration of a surface of a hydraulic composition includes shaping the hydraulic composition, applying an emulsion onto the surface of the hydraulic composition, and removing a film and a surface layer formed by a non-hardened hydraulic composition from the surface of the hardened hydraulic composition after hardening the hydraulic composition. The emulsion has an oily phase and an aqueous phase, in which the oily phase is dispersed in the aqueous phase. The emulsion includes a non-quaternary amine surfactant and an acid having a set-retarding effect.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mixture comprising at least one compound comprising an ?-hydroxy-carboxylic unit, ?-hydroxy-sulfonic acid unit or ?-carbonyl-carboxylic unit and at least one water-soluble organic carbonate. The mixture is useful as a hydration control agent in construction chemical compositions comprising an inorganic binder.

Abstract: A jamb spray mix comprising: 0.1% to 10% phosphate by weight based on total weight of dry ingredients in the mix, 5% to 15% plasticizer by weight based on total weight of dry ingredients in the mix, the balance of dry ingredients including fused silica particles and impurities, and at least 20% water by weight based on total weight of the mix. In certain non-limiting embodiments, a coating of the jamb spray mix is applied to a refractory brick surface region in a coke oven using an air pressurized applicator and associated nozzle.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for obtaining clay having improved characteristics that comprises incorporating an inorganic matrix onto an organic matrix at determined proportions. The industrial clay obtained is malleable and highly resistant to compression and strain, of great use in the industry of prototype elaboration.

Abstract: Conventional sintering processes convert a portion of cBN to hBN which is softer than cBN which negatively affects functional properties of an alumina composite. The invention is directed to method for making an alumina-cubic boron nitride (Al2O3-cBN) composite that contains substantially no hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) by non-conventional spark plasma sintering of cBN with nano-sized alumina particles. The invention is also directed to Al2O3-cBN/Ni composites, which contain substantially no hBN, and which exhibit superior physical and mechanical properties compared to alumina composites containing higher amounts of hBN.

Abstract: Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, PCBN, material and methods of making PCBN. A method includes providing a matrix precursor powder comprising particles having an average particle size no greater than 250 nm, providing a cubic boron nitride, cBN, powder comprising particles of cBN having an average particle size of at least 0.2 intimately mixing the matrix precursor powder and the cBN powder,and sintering the intimately mixed powders at a temperature of at least 1100° C. and a pressure of at least 3.5 GPa to form the PCBN material comprising particles of cubic boron nitride, cBN dispersed in a matrix material.

Abstract: Particles of a refractory metal or a refractory-metal compound capable of decomposing or reacting into refractory-metal nanoparticles, elemental silicon, and an organic compound having a char yield of at least 60% by weight are combined to form a precursor mixture. The mixture is heating, forming a thermoset and/or metal nanoparticles. Further heating form a composition having nanoparticles of a refractory-metal silicide and a carbonaceous matrix.

Abstract: Vessels such as crucibles, pans, open cups and saggars, containing a monolithic ceramic material, and a ceramic matrix composite, wherein the monolithic ceramic material is an inner tart. A method for making oxide materials that can be utilized in the contact with corrosive materials and that allows for higher conversions in a given heating process.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to the discovery that short chain aliphatic fatty acids, such as potassium sorbate, can be used in liquid-additive grinding compositions in the amount of at least 10%, more preferably at least 20%, and most preferably at least 30%, to mill carbonate materials into smaller particle size. The carbonate material can optionally be combined with another inorganic material in the grinding operation, such as limestone, lime, dolomites, talc, titanium dioxide, alumina, and kaolin, ceramics, and cement clinker. The use of the particularly described grinding additive composition are food-grade or food-contact approved, and are believed by the present inventors to resist the humectant behavior of the resultant ground particles which could in herently otherwise decrease efficiency of the particulate grinding process.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a friction part out of composite material, the method including densifying a carbon yarn fiber preform with a matrix including at least pyrolytic carbon and a ZrOxCy phase, where 1?x?2 and 0?y?1, the matrix being formed by film-boiling or by chemical vapor infiltration from a first precursor for pyrolytic carbon and a second precursor that includes zirconium, the second precursor being a zirconium complex including an alcoxy or carboxylate ligand bonded to zirconium.

Abstract: Provided are a coating structure, a turbine part having the same, and a method for manufacturing the coating structure. The coating structure is provided on a surface of a base portion including a ceramic matrix composite. The coating structure is layered on the surface of the base portion, and includes a bond coat layer formed of a rare-earth silicate and a top coat layer layered on the bond coat layer. The residual stress present in the bond coat layer is compressive residual stress. The oxygen permeability coefficient of the bond coat layer is no greater than 10?9 kg·m?1·s?1 at a temperature of not lower than 1200° C. and a higher oxygen partial pressure of not less than 0.02 MPa. The bond coat layer may contain carbonitride particles or carbonitride whiskers.

Abstract: The present invention is incorporated in a three-part primary nutrient system for facilitating the growth of a plant in any growing media. The first part of the nutrient system comprises calcium and nitrogen and is devoid of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, and trace minerals. The second part of the nutrient system comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, and trace minerals and is devoid of calcium. The third part of the nutrient system comprises potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, and trace minerals and is devoid of nitrogen and calcium.

Abstract: To produce fertilizer, a system and method concentrates manure slurry in a mechanical vapor recompression evaporator (“MVR”) having a heat exchanger. The MVR receives the manure slurry within a first side to evaporate ammonia laden-water vapor from the slurry, leaving a nutrient concentrate. A compressor raises the evaporated ammonia-laden water vapor to a higher energy state. Within a second side of the heat exchanger, the compressed water vapor conveys heat to the slurry. Ammonia-laden water condenses in the second side at a process temperature to be conveyed to an ammonia stripping tower where the ammonia-laden water is dispersed into ammonia-laden water droplets. In the tower, a flow of air is directed across a surface of the ammonia-laden water droplets, the process temperature having been selected to promote the escape of ammonia gas from the ammonia-laden water droplets, the flow of air provided to entrain ammonia gas in the flow.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing for producing soluble potassium sulfate by recrystallization of crude potassium sulfate wherein the crude potassium sulfate contains an amount of potassium, calculated as K2O of about 15 wt % or higher preferably about 40 wt % or higher and has either more than about 0.07 wt % insoluble material, and/or a dissolution speed wherein at 3 min dissolution of 100 gram product in 1 L cold water (20° C.

Abstract: An agricultural spray may be produced by admixing citric acid and glutamic acid with a metal salt and a pesticide or other agricultural chemical containing components capable of precipitating with the metal salt in the admixture. The citric acid and the glutamic acid chelate with the metal salt to provide a stability and compatibility-enhancing composition, thereby preventing the metal salt from forming an insoluble solid within the admixture. Such a composition may be produced by admixing citric acid and glutamic acid at a molar ratio of about 6.8:0.5 to about 1:0.29. The composition may include a metal sat, citric acid and glutamic acid in a molar ratio of about 1:6.8:0.5 to about 1:1:0.29 and a pesticide.

Abstract: A system and method for reclaiming nutrients from dairy manure includes a centrifuge for separating a liquid fraction of the manure from a solid fraction comprising organic material; a mechanical vapor recompression evaporator (“MVR”) to receive the liquid fraction from the centrifuge and evaporating the liquid fraction by mechanical vapor recompression to produce ammonia-laden water vapor and a concentrated nutrient slurry; a dryer for drying the nutrient slurry to a selected moisture content to be available as an ingredient in compounded fertilizer; and an ammonia stripping tower assembly to receive ammonia-laden water vapor from the MVR and from it to precipitate ammonium sulphate salt and condense water as separate products.

Abstract: Hopanoids, hopanoids-producing nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and related formulations, systems and methods are described herein. In particular, hopanoids alone or in combination with hopanoid-producing nitrogen-fixing bacteria can be used as biofertilizer to stimulate plant growth and yield with enhanced tolerance to diverse stresses found in plant-microbe symbiotic microenvironments.

Abstract: To produce fertilizer, a system and method concentrates manure slurry in a mechanical vapor recompression evaporator (“MVR”) having a heat exchanger. The MVR receives the manure slurry within a first side to evaporate ammonia laden-water vapor from the slurry, leaving a nutrient concentrate. A compressor raises the evaporated ammonia-laden water vapor to a higher energy state. Within a second side of the heat exchanger, the compressed water vapor conveys heat to the slurry. Ammonia-laden water condenses in the second side at a process temperature to be conveyed to an ammonia stripping tower where the ammonia-laden water is dispersed into ammonia-laden water droplets. In the tower, a flow of air is directed across a surface of the ammonia-laden water droplets, the process temperature having been selected to promote the escape of ammonia gas from the ammonia-laden water droplets, the flow of air provided to entrain ammonia gas in the flow.

Abstract: Composting systems and methods are disclosed. A composting kit can be removably installed in roll-off waste containers and/or open-topped shipping containers without modifying the container. The composting kit can include a perforated aeration conduit, a flow regulator positioned along the perforated aeration conduit, and a delivery conduit fluidically coupled to the perforated aeration conduit at a releasable joint comprising a clearance fit. Additionally, the composting kit can include a blower configured to be fluidically coupled to the delivery conduit. The composting kit can be assembled into a working configuration in which the perforated aeration conduit is positioned within the container and the delivery conduit is fluidically coupled to the blower and to the perforated aeration conduit. The components of the composting kit can be removed from the container before the compost is unloaded from the container.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions useful for use with solid or liquid phosphate fertilizers include one or more first copolymers having at least two repeat units selected from maleic, itaconic, and sulfonate repeat units, and one or more second copolymers having maleic and olefinic repeat units. The compositions are capable of synergistically reducing or eliminating phosphate fixation, and are relatively low in cost. The compositions may also be supplemented with product-marking dyes and second copolymers having high and low molecular weight profiles in order to control fines or dust during handling and application of solid phosphate fertilizers.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems for producing an olefin, such as ethylene and propylene. A method for producing an olefin can comprise injecting an oxidizing agent and methane into an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactor to generate ethylene. The methane and/or additional feedstocks for the OCM reactor can be derived from a thermal cracking or fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) process. The ethylene generated in the OCM reactor can be converted to propylene through a dimerization unit and metathesis unit.

Abstract: Methods of producing propylene and/or ethylene. The methods can include contacting a mixture of C4+ compounds with a catalyst, such as a fixed bed catalyst, that includes a phosphorus treated zeolite. The mixture of C4+ compounds can include a plurality of C4 olefins, a plurality of C5 olefins, and/or a plurality of C6+ olefins.

Abstract: Processes and systems for stabilization and subsequent hydrogenation of an immiscible olefin are described. In certain embodiments, the hydrogenation is conducted in a fixed bed reactor in presence of a hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for reducing the desorbent recovery cost in a light desorbent system. More specifically, the present invention relates to an alternate flow scheme that for pre-fractionation of the extract column feed which includes two extract columns which reduces the desorbent recovery costs in a light desorbent system.

Abstract: There are provided methods and systems related to use of one or more lanthanide halides in an electrochemical oxidation of metal halide in anolyte where the metal ion is oxidized from lower oxidation state to higher oxidation state at an anode; and then further use of the one or more lanthanide halides and the metal halide with the metal ion in the higher oxidation state in a halogenation reaction of an unsaturated hydrocarbon or a saturated hydrocarbon to form one or more products comprising halohydrocarbon.

Abstract: A process for large scale and energy efficient product on of oxygenates from sugar is disclosed in which a sugar feedstock is introduced into a thermolytic fragmentation reactor comprising a fluidized stream of heat carrying particles. The heat carrying particles may be separated from the fluidized stream prior to cooling the fragmentation product and may be directed to a reheater to reheat the particles and recirculate the heated particles to the fragmentation reactor.

Abstract: A process for the distillation of an aldehyde mixture comprising a straight-chain aldehyde and a branched-chain aldehyde is described in which the process comprises: supplying a feed comprising the aldehyde mixture to a first separation vessel; operating said first separation vessel at a first temperature and a first pressure such that separation occurs; recovering a first stream comprising the straight-chain aldehyde from said first separation vessel and supplying said first stream to a second separation vessel; operating said second separation vessel at a second temperature and a second pressure such that separation occurs; recovering a product stream comprising the straight-chain aldehyde and a second stream comprising high-boiling components from said second separation vessel, and supplying said second stream to a third separation vessel; operating said third separation vessel at a third temperature and a third pressure such that separation occurs; and recovering a third stream comprising the aldehyde mix

Abstract: In the process of the present disclosure 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (DICAMBA) is prepared from 2,5-dichloroaniline in high purity and high yield. DICAMBA is obtained with purity greater than 98.5%.

Abstract: A process for producing an acetic acid product having low butyl acetate content via a carbonylation reaction. The carbonylation reaction is carried out at a temperature from 100 to 300° C., a hydrogen partial pressure from 0.3 to 2 atm, and a metal catalyst concentration from 100 to 3000 wppm, based on the weight of the reaction medium. The butyl acetate concentration in the acetic acid product may be controlled by removing acetaldehyde from a stream derived from the reaction medium and/or by adjusting at least one of reaction temperature, hydrogen partial pressure, and metal catalyst concentration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for converting plastic into waxes by catalytic cracking. The process comprises the steps of introducing the plastic and a catalyst within a reactor; allowing at least a portion of the plastic to be converted to waxes, the waxes being part of a pyrolysis gas formed within the reactor; and removing a product stream containing said waxes from the reactor. The invention also relates to a mixture of hydrocarbons obtainable by that process.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of perfluorinated compounds is herein disclosed. In particular, the method is useful for the manufacture of perfluorooxyalkyl carboxylic acid salts which can be used as surfactants. The method envisages the fluorination or a fluoroformate of an alcohol comprising a —CH2OCH2-moiety at a temperature equal to or higher than 20° C. and allows obtaining high yields and selectivity.

Abstract: A composition for regulating plant growth, the active ingredient of which is an ester of oxaloacetic acid or a salt thereof, or derivatives thereof, wherein the ester of oxaloacetic acid has the formula set forth below, where R1 and R2 are independently selected from a series of C1-C18 alkyl groups, and wherein the content of the active ingredient corresponds to a concentration of from 10?11 M to 10?3 M. The active ingredients and compositions for regulating plant growth allow for treating plants in order to stimulate the growth thereof and achieve such advantages as increased yields, improved plant quality, improved nutrient absorption and enhanced stress resistance, while allowing such advantages to be achieved using a relatively small amount of an active ingredient(s) which is/are biodegradable and environmentally friendly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modulators of lipoxygenase and/or cyclooxygenase enzyme. The present invention also provides compositions comprising such modulators, and methods therewith for treating lipoxygenase receptor mediated diseases.

Abstract: A process for preparation of 4-aminoindane derivatives of a first formula, salts and enantiomers thereof comprising the steps of: a) hydrogenating a 1,2-dihydroquinoline of a second formula to give a corresponding tetrahydroquinoline of a third formula; b) acylating the tetrahydroquinoline of the third formula with a carboxylic acid derivative of a fourth formula to obtain a corresponding acyl derivative compound of a fifth formula; c) rearranging the acyl derivative compound of the fifth formula under acidic conditions so as to give an acyl indane compound of a sixth formula; and d) hydrolysing the acyl group of the acyl indane compound of the sixth formula so as to obtain the 4-aminoindane derivatives of the first formula.

Abstract: There is herein provided a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of hyperglycaemia or a disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia, such as type 2 diabetes, wherein X, R1, R2, R3 and n have meanings as provided in the description.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are scavenging compounds and compositions useful in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas. Also disclosed herein are methods of using the compounds and compositions as scavengers, particularly in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a series of biodegradable amino-ester lipid-like nanoparticles. In some embodiments, the biodegradable amino-ester lipid-like nanoparticles are used in methods for the delivery of nucleic acids.

Abstract: The invention provides an antibacterial compound of formula I: or a salt thereof, as well as an antibacterial compound of formula II: or a salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, X, Y and n have any of the values defined in the specification.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein G1, G2, G3, L1, L2, and L3 are as defined in the specification, are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by the modulation of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1. Methods for making the compounds are described. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions of compounds of formula (I), and methods for using such compounds and compositions.

Abstract: Modulation of quorum sensing in Gram-negative bacteria, particularly strains of Pseudomonas which form biofilms, by compounds including those of formula I and formula II: where: AR is optionally substituted phenyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl or heterocyclic, and R1 is optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkylthioalkyl or alkyl substituted at the omega position with optionally substituted phenyl, cyclohexyl or cyclohexenyl. In particular compounds inhibit quorum sensing and biofilm formation.

Abstract: This invention provides, but is not limited to, novel oleanolic acid derivatives having the formula: wherein the variables are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds, methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds and compositions.

Abstract: In one aspect, compounds of Formulae (I) and (II), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are featured: Formulae (I) and (II), wherein the variables shown in Formulae (I) and (II) can be as defined anywhere herein.

Abstract: The present application relates to compounds according to (Formula IA) or (Formula IB): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds can be used as inhibitors of ROR? and are useful for the treatment of ROR? mediated diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cost-effective and efficient method for preparing treprostinil with high purity, and an intermediate therefor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for preparing brivaracetam.

Abstract: Prodigiosin analogs which reactivate the p53 pathway are provided, as well as compositions of these compounds, and methods for reactivation of the p53 pathway using these compounds are provided. The prodigiosin analogs may be used to treat cancer in which p53 mutation plays a role, including prostate cancer, breast cancer, kidney cancer, ovarian cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, and glioblastoma, among others.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to the field of fusion proteins. In some aspects, the invention to artificial fusion proteins comprising cytochrome P450 enzymes linked to reductase enzymes and uses thereof. In some aspects, the disclosures relates to compounds produced by artificial cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compounds of formula I which inhibit NaV1.7, and include pharmaceutically acceptable salts, compositions comprising such compounds, and methods using and making such compounds and compositions.

Abstract: Substituted aromatic sulfonamides of formula (I) pharmaceutical compositions and combinations comprising said compounds and the use of said compounds for manufacturing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prophylaxis of a disease.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds that are LOXL2 inhibitors, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds in the treatment of conditions, diseases, or disorders associated with LOXL2 activity.