Abstract: A rack may include a toothed portion having a toothing, and a shaft portion having a threaded portion with a coaxial thread that has a thread length in an axial direction of a longitudinal axis. Separate segments comprising at least one in each case bar-shaped toothed segment and one shaft segment are provided, are aligned on the longitudinal axis, and are connected to one another at a joint. A method for producing the rack may involve providing a shaft raw material piece having a piece length that is a multiple of a shaft segment length, generating a thread that is continuous in a longitudinal direction on the shaft raw material piece across a multiple of the thread length to produce a threaded semi-finished product, cutting to length a threaded segment from the threaded semi-finished product, providing a toothed segment, and joining the threaded segment to the toothed segment.

Abstract: An electric power steering control method includes: measuring an operation state of a vehicle and determining whether the operation state of the vehicle corresponds to a sudden start-up condition; measuring a steering operation state and determining whether the steering operation state corresponds to a torque steer compensation control condition; determining a compensation torque according to a speed difference between left and right front wheels when the sudden start-up condition and the torque steer compensation control condition are satisfied; and outputting a compensation torque signal to an electric power steering according to the determined compensation torque.

Abstract: A synchronization signal generating portion of a transmitter microcomputer generates a synchronization signal that is synchronized with a drive timing of the own microcomputer and also causes to synchronize the drive timing of microcomputers, and transmits to a receiver microcomputer. A timing corrector of the receiver microcomputer is capable of correcting the drive timing of the own microcomputer so as to synchronize with the received synchronization signal, and includes a timing determiner which determines whether the received synchronization signal is normal or abnormal. The receiver microcomputer permits the timing correction if the synchronization signal is determined to be normal in the timing determination, and prohibits timing correction and drives the motor asynchronously with the transmitter microcomputer if the synchronization signal is determined to be abnormal.

Abstract: A motor control apparatus includes: multiple motor drive circuits that drive at least one motor; and multiple microcomputers that are operated by a microcomputer power source and include a drive signal generator that generates a motor drive signal. The microcomputers include at least one microcomputer including a stop determiner that determines that operation of an own microcomputer is about to be stopped and transmits information as a stop determination signal. A microcomputer having received the stop determination signal from at least one different microcomputer actually stops operation of an own microcomputer.

Abstract: A motor control apparatus include: multiple motor drive circuits that drives at least one motor; multiple microcomputers that include a drive signal generator, and a drive timing generator; and multiple clock generation circuits. The microcomputers include a synchronization signal transmitter microcomputer as at least one microcomputer that transmits a synchronization signal synchronized with the drive timing of an own microcomputer and synchronizing the drive timing of the microcomputers. The microcomputers include a synchronization signal receiver microcomputer as at least one microcomputer that receives the synchronization signal transmitted from the synchronization signal transmitter microcomputer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for controlling steering nibble in position controlled steering systems are described. A controller is to determine actuator angle data based on steering wheel angle data associated with a steering wheel. The controller is also to determine nibble control angle data based on the steering wheel angle data. The controller is also to determine adjusted actuator angle data based on the actuator angle data and the nibble control angle data. The controller is also to generate a control signal based on the adjusted actuator angle data to apply a torque via an actuator of a position controlled steering system.

Abstract: A vehicle kinematic control circuit for a vehicle adjusts the track of one or more rear wheels of the vehicle through a limited angular range, using an electric motor, connected mechanically to at least one rear wheel. The motor has at least two independently operable sets of phase windings, each set comprising at least two phase windings, each set connected to a motor bridge, controlled by a microcontroller. In normal use the microcontroller generates motor control signals that apply appropriate PWM modulated voltage waveforms to the set of phase windings connected to that bridge to drive the rotor of the motor in a first manner thereby to actively steer the rear wheel.

Abstract: Methods for estimation of lost temperature increment after system restart for motor coil temperature estimation in an electric power steering apparatus of a motor vehicle with a power pack including an ECU with a temperature sensor and an electric motor. The methods allow to easily recover the lost heat increment value after restart of the system. Consequently, the estimation of the temperature of the motor coils will start from the correct temperature value. Damage of the motor due to overheat can be prevented. Further a more robust system diagnostics and a more accurate torque signal estimation can be provided.

Abstract: An independent suspension for vehicles, in particular for heavy vehicles, includes a steering knuckle developing between an outer portion, defining the axis of rotation of a wheel hub, and an inner portion, having a receiving seat extending transversely to the outer portion along a steering axis and a knuckle-carrier assembly rotatably coupled to the inner portion of the knuckle to allow a relative rotation around the steering axis, and including at least a first and a second supporting portion defining each a substantially horizontal hinge point for one end of a respective cross arm. The knuckle-carrier assembly includes a first and a second body, separate to each other, in which the first body includes a steering pin developing along the steering axis and the first supporting portion and the second body is partially fitted around the steering pin and includes the second supporting portion.

Abstract: A vehicle of the present disclosure may include at least one pair of opposing wheels coupled to a tiltable central chassis by a four-bar linkage or the like, such that the wheels are configured to tilt in unison with the central chassis. A steering actuator and/or a tilting actuator may be discretely controllable by an electronic controller of the vehicle. The controller may include processing logic configured to maintain alignment between a median plane of the chassis and a net force vector caused by gravity and any induced centrifugal forces. Various control algorithms may be utilized to steer the vehicle along a desired path, either autonomously or semi-autonomously.

Abstract: Implementations relate to a spherical wheel drive and mounting. In some implementations, a wheel mechanism includes a spherical wheel, a base, and a rotary bearing coupled to the base and contacting a surface of the spherical wheel, where the rotary bearing configured to allow the spherical wheel to rotate. The wheel mechanism includes an omni wheel coupled to the base and engaged with a surface of the spherical wheel, and an actuator coupled to the base and to the omni wheel, where the actuator configured to rotate the omni wheel to cause rotation of the spherical wheel.

Abstract: A parking evaluation device includes: a parking target position setting unit configured to set a parking target position; a parking path calculator configured to calculate a parking path to the parking target position; an own vehicle position calculator configured to calculate an own vehicle position that is a position of a vehicle during a parking operation by a driver; a difference calculator configured to calculate a path difference indicating a difference between the own vehicle position and the parking path; and an output controller configured to inform of first evaluation information on the parking operation, during the parking operation, the first evaluation information being based on the path difference.

Abstract: A vehicle framework structure includes: a pair of rockers extending in a vehicle front-rear direction at both sides in a vehicle width direction; a pair of die-cast members, each die-cast member being joined to at least one of a front end portion or a rear end portion of one of the pair of rockers; a first cross-member extending in the vehicle width direction and being connected to the pair of die-cast members; and a second cross-member provided to the pair of die-cast members, at one of a front side or a rear side in the vehicle front-rear direction relative to the first cross-member, the second cross-member extending in the vehicle width direction and connecting the pair of die-cast members.

Abstract: A structural support system, for a vehicle having a central axis extending from a front of the vehicle to a rear of the vehicle, includes a radiator cross member, a lower load beam having a rearward end coupled to a frame of the vehicle, and a forward end coupled to the radiator cross member, the lower load beam oriented at an angle relative to the central axis and extending outwardly as the lower load beam extends toward the front of the vehicle, a front end module (FEM) coupled to the radiator cross member, and an impact block coupled to a transmission of the vehicle. During an impact event where an object impacts the FEM, the FEM and the radiator cross member are configured to absorb an impact load resulting from the impact event and bend rearward and inboard toward the transmission.

Abstract: A frame for an off road vehicle includes main beams establishing a base plane. Mounting beams, which can be used to support forces from the swing arm of a rear suspension, are spaced outside the main beams and within the base plane, running longitudinally in line with the swing arms of the rear suspension. Right and left longitudinal beams start within the base plane, but rise to their trailing ends so as to not interfere with the suspension travel of the swing arms as they extend back inward over the swing arms. Front and rear support columns can further attach into, secure and support the mounting beams and the longitudinal beams. All of the beams and columns can be formed by cutting cylindrical tubing to length and then curving the cylindrical tubing, each piece within a single plane.

Abstract: A system of a reinforced structural element of a motor vehicle includes a structural element, a reinforcing element, and an adhesive. The structural element has a first panel sheet and a second panel sheet which form in each case three regions between two joints. The reinforcing element is adhesively bonded to two pairs of mutually opposite regions of the panel sheets.

Abstract: A pillar structure for a vehicle including: a pillar main body portion that is provided at a vehicle front portion and extends in a vehicle vertical direction, the pillar main body portion including a pair of pillar framework portions with chamber structures and a plate-shaped transparent member, the pair of pillar framework portions being disposed spaced apart in a vehicle front-and-rear direction, and the transparent member being attached to vehicle outer sides of the pair of pillar framework portions and isolating a vehicle cabin interior from a vehicle cabin exterior; and a reinforcing member provided with a pair of base portions and a transparent bridging portion, the base portions being respectively attached to vehicle inner sides of the pair of pillar framework portions and extending in the vehicle vertical direction along the pillar framework portions, and the bridging portion partially bridging between the pair of base portions.

Abstract: A body frame structure that constitutes a side and a top of a vehicle includes: a pillar inner that extends in a vehicle vertical direction on the side of the vehicle; and a rail inner that extends along a boundary line between the side and the top of the vehicle. In an overlapping portion with the pillar inner, the rail inner is formed with a rail bead that is projected to a vehicle outer side. In an overlapping portion with the rail bead, the pillar inner is formed with a pillar bead in such a shape that offsets the rail bead to the vehicle outer side so that the pillar bead is located in a recess of the rail bead.

Abstract: A bolster assembly of a front end module for a vehicle that includes a composite structure having a first plurality of openings, a metal insert having a first end, a second end, and a second plurality of openings, a plurality of rivets that are inserted into the first plurality of openings of the composite structure and the second plurality of openings of the metal insert to fix the composite structure to the metal insert, the first plurality of openings being aligned with the second plurality of openings, and an injected plastic structure having a plurality of ribbing feet that holds together the composite structure and the metal insert such that the first end and the second end of the metal insert is in direct contact with the injected plastic structure to increase a shearing resistance of the bolster assembly.

Abstract: Disclosed are a partition panel for vehicles and a method of manufacturing the same. The method includes mounting a first prepreg formed to have a shape corresponding to a molding groove on a lower die provided with the molding groove. The molding groove is inclined upwards from the center of a lower portion of the lower die to opposite ends of the lower die. A second prepreg having a sheet type is mounted on the lower die so as to cover the first prepreg. The first prepreg and the second prepreg are integrally molded by placing an upper die on the lower die.

Abstract: An L-shape retainer serving as a reinforcement member is provided at attachment locations of a front seat bracket and a rear seat bracket on a rocker and a floor pan. The L-shape retainer has a second side flange joined to an inner side wall of the rocker at an opposite side from a first side flange with a floor plate portion of the floor pan therebetween, and a first floor side flange connected to the second side flange and joined to the floor plate portion of the floor pan.

Abstract: A system of a reinforced structural element of a motor vehicle includes a structural element having two panel sheets, as well as a reinforcing element, and an adhesive. The reinforcing element herein in the region of joints of the panel sheets is adhesively bonded to the structural element.

Abstract: A motor vehicle has a housing for energy storage devices arranged on a lower face of a floor assembly of the motor vehicle such that vibrations of the floor assembly are reduced. At least one damping component is arranged in an intermediate space between the lower face of the floor and an exterior of the cover of the housing structure. The damping component is installed into the intermediate space between the cover of the housing structure and the floor under pre-tension, and the damping component is a compressible foam.

Abstract: A device for reinforcing and sealing a structural element in a motor vehicle comprises a reinforcing element which has a longitudinal axis and which is disposable in a cavity of the structural element, wherein the reinforcing element comprises walls which extend substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis, wherein part-regions of the walls on an external circumference of the reinforcing element form at least one strip which encircles the reinforcing element and which runs transversely to the longitudinal axis of the reinforcing element.

Abstract: A device for reinforcing a structural element in a motor vehicle including: a reinforcing element which has a longitudinal axis and which is disposable in a cavity of the structural element, wherein the reinforcing element includes side walls which extend substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis, wherein a fastening element for the preliminary fixing of the reinforcing element to the structural element is disposed on a first side wall, wherein a side wall that is opposite the first side wall at a location that is opposite the fastening element has a closed surface for connecting to the structural element.

Abstract: A structural reinforcement comprising a base reinforcing structure including a plurality of ribs and having a first surface and a second surface, an expandable adhesive material located onto a first portion of the first surface, and a sealant material located around an edge of the second surface, the second surface being substantially free of any of the plurality of ribs.

Abstract: An inwardly slanting aerodynamic trailer skirt disposed underneath a semitrailer, induces air to flow laterally inward underneath the trailer body to increase air flow in-between the trailing wheel sets, thereby causing increased air pressure to be developed immediately behind the trailer to yield a reduction in overall vehicle drag. An inwardly slanting mud flap disposed underneath a semitrailer, induces air to flow laterally inward underneath the trailer body to yield a reduction in overall vehicle drag.

Abstract: An automotive vehicle includes a body with a front portion, an underbody portion, a wheelhouse disposed in the underbody portion, and a front fascia disposed at the front portion. The wheelhouse is provided with a liner. A movable member is disposed between the wheelhouse liner and the front fascia. The movable member has a venting position and a barrier position. In the barrier position the front fascia, movable member, and wheelhouse liner define a generally contiguous surface, and in the venting position the movable member is displaced at least partly away from the body relative to the barrier position. An actuator is coupled to the movable member and configured to actuate the movable member between the venting position and the barrier position. A controller is configured to control the actuator to move the movable member to the barrier position in response to a first operating condition being satisfied.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a stair-climbing remote control utility wagon. The wagon provides a forward chassis arm and a rear chassis arm which are interleaved with each other, providing a broad, stable base. The forward chassis arm terminates in a forward chassis, and the rear chassis arm terminates in a rear chassis. The forward chassis and the rear chassis provide powerful, battery-powered electric motors and caterpillar tracks. The forward chassis arm and rear chassis arm are fully articulated by servomotors, providing telescoping segments which may be extended and retracted with servomotors, and the motor housing of the forward chassis arm further provides infrared sensors, which are controlled by a microprocessor to enable the wagon to climb a flight of stairs. The forward chassis arm and rear chassis arm may also be used to elevate the bed of the wagon to any height, up to 48 inches.

Abstract: A track system for a vehicle (e.g., an all-terrain vehicle (ATV)) in which the track system is configured to enhance traction, floatation, and/or other aspects of its performance, such as, for example, to maintain proper contact with the ground (e.g., even if it is cambered) and/or to better absorb shocks when it encounters obstacles on the ground.

Abstract: An idler wheel for use with a track chain of a vehicle that includes a plurality of track pins and bushings comprises a main body that includes a generally cylindrical configuration defining an axis of rotation, a circumferential direction and a radial direction, the main body including a central portion disposed along the axis of rotation defining an axial extremity of the radial portion, and at least a first outside portion disposed along the axis of rotation that includes an undulating circumferential perimeter.

Abstract: The Bull Bar Assist comprises of a vertical steel square frame welded to two horizontal angle iron supports. Vertical bars have adjustable support bars attached for variable heights to position bull bar. Velcro straps connect the top horizontal bar to the bull bar. The Bull Bar Assist is fastened to a mobile hydraulic scissor lift for easy access and mobility. Without the assist fastened to the scissor lift it will not work as designed. The item can be made out of square metal tubing and angle iron, with rubber stoppers for protection.

Abstract: Provided herein is a center mounted kickstand for a two-wheeled vehicle with a swing arm rear suspension. The center mounted kickstand includes a rotatable apparatus, and a pivot axle. The rotatable apparatus is mounted onto a mainframe of the two-wheeled vehicle via the pivot axle, and the pivot axle is mounted transversely to a longitudinal plane of the two-wheeled and connects the swing arm to the two-wheeled vehicle. The rotatable apparatus is constructed to slide in both directions transverse the longitudinal plane of the two-wheeled vehicle on the pivot axle.

Abstract: A rear fork of a bicycle frame. The rear fork includes a base, a first arm, and a second arm. Each of the first arm and the second arm extend rearward from the base. At least one wheelie step is coupled to the rear fork. The wheelie step includes an extension rotatably coupled to and extending from one of the first arm and the second arm, and a foot step coupled to the extension. The extension is configured to rotate along an axis extending in a direction from the first arm to the second arm. A lock is configured to lock the extension to the one of the first arm and the second arm at different rotational positions along the axis.

Abstract: A wheel telemetry system providing a set of riding information to a rider, while riding a bicycle, by measuring the acceleration of the wheel(s) of the bicycle with respect to one or more of the x-, y-, or z-axes is disclosed. The system features a wheel-mounted portion and a control unit in wireless communication. The wheel-mounted portion is attached to one or both bicycle wheels and comprises an accelerometer, pressure sensor, and/or temperature sensor as well as a programmable microcontroller. The accelerometer monitors the movement of the wheel(s) in one or more of the x-, y-, and z-planes. Accelerometer data, (and optionally the tire pressure data and/or the temperature data), is transmitted to the control unit for monitoring and/or data logging. Movement of a previously motionless bicycle may also be used to trigger an alarm when the control unit is not detected within a predetermined distance from the bicycle.

Abstract: A seat attaching may include a lower seat clamp that is moveable relative to a post head member about a pivot axis and includes: a mounting portion having a bearing surface configured to engage a corresponding cradle portion of the post head member a first channel configured to receive a first seat rail of a bicycle seat and a second channel configured to receive a second seat rail of a bicycle seat. An upper seat clamp may include: a central portion overlying the mounting portion; a first extension portion disposed on a first side of the central portion and having a first retainer surface overlying and facing the first channel to retain the first seat rail within the first channel and having a first apex; and a second extension portion disposed on a second side of the central portion and having a second retainer surface overlying and facing the second channel to retain the second seat rail within the second channel and having a second apex.

Abstract: A system including a programmable lighting display, together with sensors of motion parameters of a vehicle is disclosed. Once programmed, the system functions automatically to produce selected visual effects on the lighting display. The lighting display is visible from the exterior of the vehicle, although illuminable elements may be contained within translucent or transparent elements of the vehicle. Sensed parameters of motion may include forward acceleration and/or velocity, rearward acceleration and/or velocity, inclination, vertical acceleration and/or velocity, and loss of and re-establishing of contact with the ground. The lighting display may comprise multi-colored LEDs. Visual effects may include color or hue selection, intermittent illumination or flashing, sequencing of lights to create the impression of waves, and other visual effects.

Abstract: An integrated rack connection assembly detachably attached to the front or rear portion of the bicycle. The integrated rack connection assembly includes tube clamp assembly, platform, a bracket, side frame extension and top frame extension. The tube clamp assembly includes a plurality of tubes integrated with a plate for an attachment at the front portion of down tube or with the rear portion of a seat tube. The down tube or seat tube is clamped with tube clamp assembly by utilizing screws. The platform to carry basket or bags is placed between the plurality of tubes of the tube clamp assembly in a horizontal position by flipping it when used in front or rear of the bicycle. The seat tube and the down tube of a bicycle are positioned in opposite angle. While attached, the seat or down tube extends into a rack to distribute weights of baskets or bags.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tricycle component, and in particular to a reverse tricycle support structure in which two steering wheels are arranged in the front and a driving wheel is arranged in the back. The reverse tricycle support structure includes a frame, a front two-wheel fixing bracket and a rear flat fork. The frame includes a frame rear section, a frame middle section and a frame front section, the frame front section is fixedly connected to the front two-wheel fixing bracket, the frame rear section is movably connected to the rear flat fork, the front two-wheel fixing bracket is fixed on two front wheels, an upper end of a rear center single shock absorption member is hingedly fixed on the frame, and a lower end of the rear center single shock absorption member is hingedly fixed on the rear flat fork.

Abstract: The invention relates to a collapsible vehicle (10), in particular a collapsible motor scooter, having a rear frame part bearing a seat unit (70) and at least one rear wheel (11?) and a front frame part (61) bearing a steering unit (19) and at least one front wheel (11). According to the invention, the front frame part (61) and the rear frame part (60) are connected to one another via an acentric pivot joint (80) such that during collapsing of the vehicle (10), at least one frame part (60, 61) is pivotable such that the at least one front wheel (11) and the at least one rear wheel (11?) are arranged adjacent to one another, in particular congruently adjacent to one another.

Abstract: A motorcycle (1) including: —a supporting structure; —at least two wheels (2,3) constrained to the supporting structure; —a traction engine (4) constrained to the supporting structure and a transmission system (5) adapted to transmit the motion from the traction engine (4) to at least one (3) of the two wheels (2, 3); —a storage container (10) fixed to the supporting structure having an internal compartment (11) and a closing device (12) movable with respect to the supporting structure between a closing position and an opening position in order to prevent the access to the internal compartment (11) in the closing position and to allow the access to the internal compartment (11) in the opening position. The storage container (10) includes at least one presence detector (30) adapted to output an electrical signal representative of the presence and/or absence of at least one object (9) in the internal compartment (11) of the storage container (10).

Abstract: A handlebar mount assembly for isolating a cycle handlebar from vibrations emanating from operation of a cycle, the assembly including a bottom bracket assembly configured for attachment to a cycle steering mechanism, a top bracket assembly configured for attachment to the bottom bracket assembly, a pair of polymer sleeves configured for placement around the handlebar, a tension clamp configured for clamping the handlebar and a clamp bushing configured for placement between the tension clamp and the top bracket assembly. The sleeves prevent direct contact between the top bracket assembly and the bottom bracket assembly, and the bushing prevents direct contact between the tension clamp and the top bracket assembly. In this manner, the handlebar mount assembly prevents direct and indirect contact of the steering mechanism to the handlebar through the metal components of the handlebar mount assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to handlebars (21) having a base (22), in particular for a vehicle, in particular an electrically driven vehicle (10), comprising: at least one grip support (30, 30?), which is arranged in an articulated manner on the base (22) and is pivotable from a first support position into a second support position; a holding device (50), which is arranged and/or designed so that the holding device (50) is pivotable in an articulated manner from a first holding position into a second holding position, wherein the holding device (50) locks the grip support (30, 30?) with the base (22) in the first holding position; a blocking device (40), which is arranged in an articulated manner on the base (22) and is pivotable from a first blocking position into a second blocking position, wherein the blocking device (40) is arranged and/or designed such that the blocking device (40) blocks the holding device (50) in the first blocking position.

Abstract: A bicycle may include a front triangle and a rear suspension system that couples the front triangle to a rear wheel and is dampened by at least one shock absorber. The rear suspension system includes a six-bar linkage having two ternary links separated from each other by one or more binary links, such that the two ternary links do not share a common joint. One of the ternary links may comprise a chain stay. In some examples, the other ternary link may comprise the front triangle. In some examples, the other ternary link may comprise a rocker arm coupling a seat stay link to the shock absorber.

Abstract: A human-powered vehicle control device is configured to reduce electric power needed to drive a motor. The human-powered vehicle control device includes an electronic controller and a memory. The electronic controller is configured to control a motor that assists in propulsion of a human-powered vehicle in accordance with human driving force and a memory. The electronic controller drives the motor in a case where the human driving force is greater than or equal to a first value. The memory electronic changeably store the first value.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electromechanical derailleur for mounting on a rear wheel axis. The derailleur has a stationary element, a pivoting mechanism, a movable element having a chain guide arrangement, and a gearing housing. The gearing housing receives an electromechanical drive for driving the pivoting mechanism. The stationary element defines a housing void in which the gearing housing is disposed, and has a fastener for a power source. The power source is fastened to the stationary element such that said power source is electrically connected to the electromechanical drive in the gearing housing.

Abstract: A bicycle rear derailleur is provided, including a mounting portion; a linkage mechanism, pivoted to the mounting portion and having an extension portion having a cable fixing point and being located at an inner position relative to an outer side of the linkage mechanism; a guiding mechanism, pivoted to the linkage mechanism and being rotatable about an axis, the guiding mechanism including a first pulley defining a pulley plane and a second pulley, an extension line which is perpendicular to the axis and an axial extension line of the second pulley being defined as a first reference line; wherein when the bicycle rear derailleur is located on an initial position, the cable fixing point is between the first reference line and the mounting portion, and the cable fixing point dose not cross the pulley plane during gearshift of the bicycle rear derailleur relative to rear sprockets.

Abstract: A bicycle transmission hub includes: a hub shaft to input a rotation force is input, the hub shaft having first pawls arranged on the outer peripheral surface thereof; a transmission controller for controlling the first pawls to appear and disappear; driving gears, each having a ratchet formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof to receive a rotation force by the first pawls, the driving gears having a different number of teeth, the hub shaft extending through the center of each driving gear; driven gears engaged with the driving gears, respectively, having a different number of teeth, and rotating; an output wheel rotating while being coupled to a driving gear adjacent thereto among the driving gears and having a second pawl disposed on the outer peripheral surface thereof; and a hub shell having a ratchet formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof to receive a rotation force by the second pawl.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a snow vehicle, comprising an engine mounted on a frame, a drive track, a drive train operatively interconnecting the engine with the drive track for delivering propulsive power to the drive track, and exhaust system. The exhaust system is positioned within an interior of the frame of the vehicle.

Abstract: A jet boat includes a cockpit arranged in a central portion of the jet boat on a boat body centerline, a bulwark provided along a circumference of a deck, and a platform fixed to a stern. In the bulwark, the upper surface of a rear bulwark between the platform and the cockpit is located above the upper surface of a foot space and below the seating surface of a seat.