Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus (10) for feature suppression in dark field or phase contrast X-ray imaging. The apparatus comprises an input unit (20), a processing unit (30) and an output unit (40). The input unit is configured to provide the processing unit with an X-ray attenuation image of a region of interest of an object. The input unit is also configured to provide the processing unit with a dark field or phase contrast X-ray image of the region of interest of the object. The processing unit is further configured to identify a first feature in the X-ray attenuation image; to identify a second anatomical feature in the X-ray attenuation image; and to identify the second anatomical feature in the dark field or phase contrast X-ray image. The first feature is an obscuring anatomical feature depicted in the X-ray attenuation image with higher contrast than in the dark field or phase contrast X-ray image.

Abstract: Provided is a smoothed image generating device which is capable of rapidly smoothing brightness information. A smoothed image generating device (1) includes: a reduced-size divided data generating section (11) which generates reduced-size divided data by extracting some of a plurality of regions from divided data, the divided data being obtained by dividing, into the plurality of regions, brightness data obtained by extracting brightness information from imaging data on a subject having uniform brightness; a smoothing processing section (12) which generates smoothed reduced-size divided data by carrying out a smoothing process with respect to the reduced-size divided data; and a smoothed image generating section (13) which generates smoothed image data, which is identical in size to the divided data, by interpolating between a plurality of regions constituting the smoothed reduced-size divided data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for correcting nonuniformity noise in thermal images. The method comprises receiving a current image being part of a stream of thermal images; concatenating the current image from the stream of thermal images with hidden state images; processing, by a first convolutional neural network, the concatenated image to extract a number of feature channels; generating based on the feature channels at least a first multiplicative mask; processing, by a second convolutional neural network, a masked concatenated image to compute a weighting parameter, wherein the masked concatenated image is resulted by applying the first multiplicative mask on the concatenated image; and simulating, using the weighting parameter, an infinite impulse response (IIR)-style updating scheme to estimate the nonuniformity noise in the current image.

Abstract: A system for filtering an input image dataset is disclosed. A plurality of sequences of input signal values, wherein each sequence corresponds to a different attribute, wherein an input signal value is associated with an attribute and a sampling point i. At least one processor 4 is configured to control computing an output signal value corresponding to a sampling point and an attribute. For a particular sampling point i and for each of a plurality of different attributes of the set of attributes, associating a weight to an input signal value based on a similarity between the signal value and for a plurality of the sampling points j excluding the sampling point i. Also the system computes a weighted sum based on the input signal values and weights. The attribute is a location or a frequency.

Abstract: The herein invention discloses and claims a quantitative image restoration in bright field (QRBF) method that faithfully recovers shape and enables quantify size of individual unstained samples. The QRBF method restores out-of-focus BF images of unstained samples by applying deconvolution, which enhances contrast and allows for quantitative analysis. To perform deconvolution our procedure uses a point spread function modeled from theory. Image deconvolution can be performed even from a single input image in two dimensions (2D-QRBF), and quantitative information such as size and shape of samples can be determined from restored 2D-QRBF images. Application of 2D-QRBF in a high-throughput screening process to assess shape changes in cells during hyperosmotic shock shows that the described digital restoration approach is suitable for quantitative analysis of unstained BF images in high-throughput image cytometry.

Abstract: A visual aid provides utility to its users by performing geometric transformations of raw images from a digital camera into processed images for electronic display, via three nested levels of “implementation” namely, the nature of the mapping that will be applied, i.e. specifying a specific mapping or parameterized family of mappings; the algorithm set used to effect the select mapping, independent of the processor upon which it executes; and the method for realizing this algorithm on that processor. Likewise offered for consideration are software feature sets tied to user interface which enable dynamic tuning of the subject visual context and environments for low vision users, Inter Alia.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of performing geometric correction on images obtained by multiple cameras and an image obtainment apparatus therefor, the method including: receiving the images obtained by the multiple cameras; extracting feature points of the received images and checking an interrelation between the extracted feature points; estimating locations and directions of the cameras, which respectively obtain the images, by using the interrelation between the feature points; calculating a relative geometric relationship between the multiple cameras from the estimated locations and directions of the cameras when the received images are determined as the images obtained by the multiple cameras with a fixed geometric interrelationship; and performing the geometric correction on each of the images by using the calculated geometric relationship.

Abstract: A method, system, and article are directed to haze reduction for image processing.

Abstract: An optical method of measuring motion employs a phase grating that produces a diffraction pattern responsive to light from an imaged scene. First and second images of the diffraction pattern are captured and compared to produce an image comparison. Apparent motion is then calculated from the image comparison.

Abstract: Provided are an edge-induced visual illusion generation apparatus, a method, a program, and a recording medium capable of being applied to any image, automatically generating an edge-induced visual illusion without complicated work, and improving contrast using the edge-induced visual illusion. A two-dimensional digital filter, which is a filter with no orientation or an even filter with orientation and is a filter that allows a band of a relatively high frequency to pass or a high pass filter, or is an orientation-selective wavelet frame or an orientation-selective filter bank that are a set of an approximation filter with no orientation and detail filters with orientations, is applied to image data, and a component of a relatively high frequency band or a high frequency component is extracted, and/or coloring is applied to an edge of the extracted band component or the high frequency component, thereby generating an edge-induced visual illusion image.

Abstract: Provided are an image processing device, an image processing system, an image processing method, and an imaging optical system group capable of suppressing an increase in costs and appropriately restoring an image. In the imaging optical system, in a case where a first MTF curve M1 indicating an MTF value in a first azimuth direction with respect to an amount of defocus from a focal position is compared with a second MTF curve M2 indicating an MTF value in a second azimuth direction with respect to the amount of defocus from the focal position, a ratio of a peak value P1 of the first MTF curve M1 to a peak value P2 of the second MTF curve M2 is equal to or greater than 2, and a ratio of a half-value width HW2 of the second MTF curve M2 to a half-value width HW1 of the first MTF curve M1 is equal to or greater than 1.25. The restoration filter is a common filter corresponding to a representative value of transfer functions in a plurality of same type imaging optical systems.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display apparatus and a method of controlling the same. The display apparatus include an image receiver configured to receive an omnidirectional image; an image processor configured to perform an image process with regard to the received image; a display configured to display an image based on the image process; and a controller configured to control the image processor to perform a second image process for changing a characteristic of a certain area of the image and to perform a first image process for changing pixel density. Thus, there is provided a display apparatus and a method of controlling the same to perform an image processing to improve image quality without distortion or nonuniformity of an image.

Abstract: The present technology relates to an image processing device, an image processing method, and an imaging device capable of correcting an image according to characteristics peculiar to each lens without executing an individual adjustment process. An image processing device according to a first aspect of the present technology includes a quantitative value calculating unit which calculates a quantitative value of a sample image based on an obtained image, an average value calculating unit which calculates an average value of the quantitative values calculated from a plurality of the sample images, a holding unit which holds the calculated average value of the quantitative values, and a correcting unit which corrects an imaged image on the basis of the held average value of the quantitative values. The present technology can be applied to a digital camera.

Abstract: To improve image quality of an image after correction, An image processing device 100 includes: a correction unit 110 for generating a plurality of correction images from an image by using a plurality of correction methods; an evaluation unit 120 for evaluating the image or each of the plurality of correction images for each of areas constituting the image or the correction image; and a synthesis unit 130 for synthesizing the plurality of correction images according to an evaluation result by the evaluation unit 120.

Abstract: Techniques that facilitate integrated circuit defect detection using pattern images are provided. In one example, a system generates an equalized pattern image of a pattern image associated with a module under test based on an adaptive contrast equalization technique. The system also identifies a first set of features of the equalized pattern image based on a feature point detection technique and aligns the equalized pattern image with a reference pattern image based on the first set of features and a second set of features of the reference pattern image. Furthermore, the system compares a first set of light intensities of the equalized pattern image to a second set of light intensities of the reference pattern image to identify one or more regions of the module under test that satisfy a defined criterion associated with a defect for the module under test.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus includes a reading device and a processor. The reading device is configured to read printed matter with an image that is printed on a printing medium based on a source image to generate a read image. The processor is configured to generate a reference image based on the source image, determine whether an inspection is to be executed based on a size of the source image and a size of the printing medium, and compare the reference image with the read image to inspect quality of the printed matter in response to a determination that the inspection is to be executed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and a computer-readable storage medium for color quality assessment of a batch-sample image based on multispectral imaging. The method comprises: selecting an operation area on a reference image and locating a corresponding operation area on a batch-sample image, wherein the reference image is used for color comparison with the batch-sample image to determine whether the batch-sample image satisfies a pass requirement; generating and comparing the color-information items obtained from the reference image and from the batch-sample image respectively and determine whether the batch-sample image satisfies the pass requirement based on one or more thresholds. This method can be applied to automatically and precisely assess the quality of mixed-color fabrics in textile industry, which is more objective, reliable, and cost-effective, as compared to conventional methods for color quality assessment.

Abstract: Systems and methods for annotation of construction site images are provided. For example, image data captured from a construction site using at least one image sensor may be obtained. Further, at least one construction plan associated with the construction site and including information related to an object may be obtained. The at least one construction plan may be analyzed to identify a first region of the image data corresponding to the object. The at least one display device may be used to present at least part of the image data to a user with an indication of the identified first region of the image data corresponding to the object. Further, the at least one display device may be used to present to the user a query related to the object. A response to the query may be received from the user. The response may be used to update information associated with the object in at least one electronic record associated with the construction site.

Abstract: Systems and methods of deep learning coordinate prediction using satellite and service data are disclosed herein. In some example embodiments, for each one of a plurality of places, a computer system trains a deep learning model based on training data of the plurality of places. The deep leaning model is configured to generate a predicted geographical location of a place based on satellite image data and service data associated with the place. The training data for each place comprises satellite image data of the place, service data, and a ground truth geographical location of the place. The service data comprises at least one of pick-up data indicating a geographical location at which a provider started transporting a requester in servicing a request associated with the place or drop-off data indicating a geographical location at which the provider completed transporting the requester in servicing the request associated with the place.

Abstract: Provided is an abnormality determining device capable of appropriately detecting presence or absence of an abnormality in an image capturing device. An abnormality determining device (1) which determines, in accordance with imaging data on a subject (light source 3) having uniform brightness, whether or not an image capturing device (2) has an abnormality includes: a smoothing processing section (11) which generates smoothed image data by using a smoothing filter for each given range of divided data while moving a position of the smoothing filter by a range smaller than the each given range, the divided data being data obtained by dividing, into a plurality of regions, brightness data which is obtained by extracting brightness information from the imaging data; and an abnormality determining section (12) which compares the smoothed image data with the divided data and determines whether or not the image capturing device has an abnormality.

Abstract: A system and method includes acquisition of a plurality of images depicting a respective scintillator crystal, determination of a plurality of categories based on the plurality of images, determination of a crystal quality value associated with each of the plurality of categories, training of a network to receive an input image and output an indication of one of the plurality of categories based on the input image, the training based on the plurality of images and the at least one category associated with each pf the plurality of images, operation of the trained network to receive a first image of a first scintillator crystal and output a first one of the plurality of categories based on the first image, and determination of a quality of the first scintillator crystal based on the first one of the plurality of categories and a first crystal quality value associated with the first one of the plurality of categories.

Abstract: A system for use in diagnostics of eye condition is described, the system comprises a pair of eye inspection units configured for inspection of each of user's eyes and a control unit. The eye inspection units comprise: a display unit comprising a display panel configured to display one or more selected images to a user's and an optical path unit located in optical path between the display panel and a user's eye and configured for selectively controlling light ray propagation towards the user's eye; an eye tracking module configured to generate data about of location and orientation of a user's eye thereby providing data indicative of gaze direction of the user's eye; an optical power detection unit configured and operable for obtaining and determining data indicative of optical power of the user's eye.

Abstract: Systems and methods for analyzing pathologies utilizing quantitative imaging are presented herein. Advantageously, the systems and methods of the present disclosure utilize a hierarchical analytics framework that identifies and quantify biological properties/analytes from imaging data and then identifies and characterizes one or more pathologies based on the quantified biological properties/analytes. This hierarchical approach of using imaging to examine underlying biology as an intermediary to assessing pathology provides many analytic and processing advantages over systems and methods that are configured to directly determine and characterize pathology from underlying imaging data.

Abstract: A quantitative method of validating at least one candidate imaging method or candidate imaging reagent for use in evaluating a biological sample for the presence of one or more targets is described relying upon cross-correlation calculations.

Abstract: A dynamic image processing device includes: a hardware processor that sets a kind of a dynamic state to be diagnosed; extracts a frame image indicating the dynamic state of the kind set by the hardware processor from each of a plurality of dynamic images obtained by imaging a dynamic state of a living body with radiation; extracts a dynamic state dependent characteristic amount dependent on the dynamic state of the kind set by the hardware processor from the frame image extracted from each of the plurality of dynamic images; and standardizes the plurality of dynamic images based on the dynamic state dependent characteristic amount extracted by the hardware processor.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for processing fundus images using fundus image processing machine learning models. One of the methods includes obtaining a model input comprising one or more fundus images, each fundus image being an image of a fundus of an eye of a patient; processing the model input using a fundus image processing machine learning model, wherein the fundus image processing machine learning model is configured to process the model input comprising the one or more fundus image to generate a model output; and processing the model output to generate health analysis data.

Abstract: Novel systems and methods for airway segmentation are disclosed using confident airway volume, multi-scale topological and geometric leakage detection, exact leakage localization and correction, forbidden volume insertion and freezing, iterative shift in growing techniques starting with a conservative parameter/strategy and progressing toward generous ones, and a final pruning using machine learning, neural network, deep learning or artificial intelligence methods. The systems and methods are fully automated requiring no manual inputs or post-editing steps. The systems and methods use region growing-based segmentation to iteratively grow an airway tree starting with an initial seed, possibly inside the trachea, and a conservative segmentation parameter, e.g., a conservative threshold value for intensity-based region growing. The method then gradually progresses toward more generous values of the segmentation parameters until there is convergence.

Abstract: A machine learning model is trained to define bounding shapes around teeth in images. The machine learning model is trained by receiving a training dataset comprising a plurality of images, each image of the plurality of images comprising a face and a provided bounding shape around teeth in the image. The training dataset is input into an untrained machine learning model. The untrained machine learning model is trained based on the training dataset to generate a trained machine learning model that defines bounding shapes around teeth in images, wherein for an input image the trained machine learning model is to output a mask that defines a bounding shape around teeth of the input image, wherein the mask indicates, for each pixel of the input image, whether that pixel is inside of a defined bounding shape or is outside of the defined bounding shape.

Abstract: Certain examples described herein relate to a method for detecting a line in an image. In one such example, the method comprises identifying a candidate line break region in the image. Identifying the candidate line break region comprises identifying a first pixel of the image and a second pixel of the image, between which the candidate line break region appears, a characteristic of the first pixel and the second pixel having a predetermined similarity relationship. The method then comprises using the identified candidate line break region to assist in detecting a line in the image.

Abstract: Techniques are described for obtaining at least one image using at least one processor. The techniques may include selecting a plurality of objects defined by a plurality of pixels within the at least one image. The techniques may include determining perceptual information associated with each of the plurality of objects and generating a context for each of the plurality of pixels that define the plurality of objects. The techniques may also include automatically thresholding the at least one image to generate an output image that represents the at least one image.

Abstract: In an example, a digital image comprising a representation of multiple physical objects is received at a client computer. The digital image is copied into a temporary canvas. The digital image is then analyzed to identify a plurality of potential object areas, each of the potential object areas having pixels with colors similar to the other pixels within the potential object area. A minimum bounding region for each of the identified potential object areas is identified, the minimum bounding region being a smallest region of a particular shape that bounds the corresponding potential object area. The pixels within a selected minimum bounding region are cropped from the digital image. The pixels within the selected minimum bounding region are then sent to an object recognition service on a server to identify an object represented by the pixels within the selected minimum bounding region.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a technology which adaptively switches video analysis methods according to a congestion situation within a video, and which carries out a suitable video analysis by a limited computational volume. Provided is an image processing device 100, wherein a congestion estimation unit 102 estimates a congestion situation within a video which is acquired from an image input unit 101. A control unit 103 switches methods for video analysis according to the congestion situation. In a situation of low congestion, an image analysis unit for use in normal situations 105 carries out the video analysis by a basic method. In a situation of high congestion, an image analysis unit for use in congested situations 106 carries out a high-precision video analysis, such as an analysis which spans a plurality of frames.

Abstract: A VR content sickness evaluating apparatus using a deep learning analysis of a motion mismatch and a method thereof are provided. The VR content sickness evaluating apparatus analyzes a motion mismatch phenomenon between visual recognition information and posture recognition information, which occurs when a user views VR content, using deep learning and predicts and evaluates a degree of VR sickness from a difference between motion features.

Abstract: Systems and methods of determining optical flow are provided. For instance, a plurality of input color vectors respectively associated with a plurality of input pixels can be obtained. Each input pixel can have a known position within an image. A color rate of change associated with each input pixel in the image can be obtained. An optical flow estimate associated with a subject pixel within the image can be determined based at least in part on the plurality of input color vectors and the color rates of change associated with the input pixels in the image.

Abstract: In order to detect retention in a preferable manner, an image processing system is provided with: a retention area extraction unit that determines whether an area is a retention area in an image frame of a processing time on the basis of a first image generated from each of image frames taken within a first time width from the processing time and a second image generated from each of image frames taken within a second time width from the processing time which is longer than the first time width; and a reliability calculation unit that generates reliability information relating to the determination of the retention area for each area in the image frames to be processed.

Abstract: A vehicle environment detection system (2) that includes a detection device and a processing unit (5), arranged to detect at least two feature points at objects (11) outside a vehicle (1). Each feature point constitutes a retrievable point that has a fixed position (x1, y1; x2, y2) on the object (11). The processing unit (5) is arranged to determine the positions (x1, y1; x2, y2) and the resulting velocities (vr1, vr2) for each one of the feature points for multiple frames by use of a feature point tracker; and determine a reference position (x0, y0), a corresponding reference velocity (vr0) and reference angular velocity (?), constituting a common motion state for the object (11), by use of the results from the feature point tracker. A feature point tracker is constituted by a tracking algorithm which is arranged to track multiple features and which includes temporal filtering.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide an image processing apparatus and an image processing method for positioning and identifying signals sources. The image processing apparatus includes an imaging device to capture an image containing a set of pixels, wherein the set of pixels comprises a first subset of pixels representing a plurality of stripes associated with the multiple signal sources; a memory to store the image; a positioning device to determine positions of the multiple signal sources according to the stripes; and an identity determining device to determine identities of the multiple signal sources.

Abstract: A method of recognizing changes in a detection zone is provided in which three-dimensional image data of the detection zone are detected and evaluated to recognize changes with reference to three-dimensional reference image data. The detection zone is divided into cells in this process. Reference limit values at which heights objects are recognized are determined in a teaching phase. In an operating phase, a maximum value and/or a minimal value of the heights of currently recognized objects is/are determined from the respective detected image data and a change is recognized on a deviation with respect to the reference limit values.

Abstract: Motion characteristics related to foreground objects and background regions bordering the foreground objects in images are determined. A frame rate conversion (FRC)-related metadata portion is generated based on the motion characteristics. The FRC-related metadata portion is to be used for determining an optimal FRC operational mode with a downstream device for the images. The images are encoded into a video stream. The FRC-related metadata portion is encoded into the video stream as a part of image metadata. The video stream is caused to be transmitted to the downstream device.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes an acquisition section that acquires at least two first evaluation values obtained by evaluating a motion of a worker in time series and a reference evaluation value obtained by evaluating a motion of an expert as an exemplar of the worker, a calculation section that calculates at least two motion levels indicating similarity between the at least two first evaluation values and the reference evaluation value, and an output section that outputs a development degree indicating a degree of development of the worker based on the at least two motion levels.

Abstract: The claimed invention relates to the data processing industry, in particular, to the methods and systems of searching and analyzing data for finding an object in a video stream. The technical result is enhancing the precision of determining the sought object in a video stream, as well as increasing the speed of locating the object by means of performing a classification of objects and determining their features present on the video stream frames.

Abstract: Mixed-reality systems are provided for using anchor data structures, such as anchor graphs, within a mixed-reality environment. These systems utilize anchor components, such as anchor vertexes, that comprise at least one first key frame, a first mixed-reality element, and at least one first transform connecting the at least one first key frame to the first mixed-reality element. Anchor connecting components, such as anchor edges, comprise transformations that connect the anchor components (e.g., anchor vertexes).

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed to label data collected by one instrument based on data collected by another instrument, train a computer learning model with the labeled data, and then use the trained computer learning model to estimate a condition from new unlabeled data. For example, weather-related pavement conditions may be estimated from camera images according to such systems and methods. Systems and methods are also disclosed to estimate road weather safety or hazard conditions using two different types of pavement conditions, such as road state and friction or grip coefficient, estimated from unlabeled camera images.

Abstract: A system and a method are disclosed for a structured-light system to estimate depth in an image. An image is received in which the image is of a scene onto which a reference light pattern has been projected. The projection of the reference light pattern includes a predetermined number of particular sub-patterns. A patch of the received image and a sub-pattern of the reference light pattern are matched based on either a hardcode template matching technique or a probability that the patch corresponds to the sub-pattern. If a lookup table is used, the table may be a probability matrix, may contain precomputed correlations scores or may contain precomputed class IDs. An estimate of depth of the patch is determined based on a disparity between the patch and the sub-pattern.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, that determine whether to illuminate a scene with electromagnetic radiation at a first wavelength or electromagnetic radiation at a second wavelength. An illuminator that is configured to selectively emit electromagnetic radiation at the first wavelength and at the second wavelength is triggered to emit electromagnetic radiation at the first wavelength instead of the second wavelength. A first voltage is applied to a first electrically active filter. A third voltage is applied to a second electrically active filter. A first image is obtained from a first sensor that senses electromagnetic radiation that passes through the first filter. A second image is obtained from a second sensor that senses electromagnetic radiation that passes through the second filter. A depth map is generated from the first image and the second image.

Abstract: A method of block matching includes selecting a block configuration from a plurality of block configurations and matching a first point in a first image with a corresponding second point in a second image using the selected block configuration.

Abstract: A vision system (10) for a motor vehicle includes an imaging apparatus (11) adapted to capture images from a surrounding of the motor vehicle, and a processing device (14) adapted to execute an object detection code (15) to detect objects in the surrounding of the motor vehicle by processing images captured by the imaging apparatus (11), and to calculate for each detected object its longitudinal distance relative to the ego vehicle. The vision system includes a gatekeeper code module (33) having a higher functional safety level than the object detection code (15). The gatekeeper code module (33) takes as input objects (32) detected by the object detection code (15) and evaluates if a depth or disparity image (35), in at least a part of an area covering the detected object (32), matches within given tolerances the longitudinal distance of the detected object (32) given by the object detection code (15).

Abstract: An automobile-mounted imaging apparatus and a computer readable storage medium for detecting a distance to at least one object. The apparatus comprises circuitry configured to select at least two images from images captured by at least three cameras to use for detecting the distance to the at least one object based on at least one condition. Alternatively or additionally, the apparatus comprises circuitry configured to select two cameras of at least three cameras for detecting the distance to the at least one object based on at least one condition. Alternatively or additionally, the apparatus comprises circuitry configured to determine which of at least two cameras to use for detecting the distance to the at least one object based on at least one condition from at least three cameras capturing images.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and system for processing images from an aerial imaging device. The method includes receiving a first image of a geographical area having a first resolution. The method transmits the first image to a machine learning model to identify an area of interest containing an object of interest. The method receives a second image of the geographical area having a second resolution higher than the first resolution. The method transmits the second image to the machine learning model to determine a likelihood that the area of interest contains the object of interest. The method trains the machine learning model to filter out features corresponding to the area of interest in images having the first resolution if the likelihood is below a threshold. The method transmits a visual representation of the object of interest to a user device if the likelihood exceeds the threshold.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes an acquisition section that acquires first information indicating whether or not a target person performs a specific behavior on a target object disposed in plural places and second information indicating a behavior of the target person and including a stay time in the plural places, for each target person, a calculation section that calculates an evaluation value indicating a probability of the target person who has not performed the specific behavior performing the specific behavior on the target object, based on the acquired first information, and an estimation section that extracts data on the target object disposed in the place having a stay time which is smaller than a predetermined value, based on the acquired second information, and estimates an opportunity loss for the target object based on the evaluation value calculated for the target object.