Abstract: Systems and apparatuses for a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device. The MEMS device includes a housing, a transducer, and a sensor. The housing includes a substrate defining a port and a cover. The substrate and the cover cooperatively form an internal cavity. The port fluidly couples the internal cavity to an external environment. The transducer is disposed within the internal cavity and positioned to receive acoustic energy through the port. The transducer is configured to convert the acoustic energy into an electrical signal. The sensor is disposed within the internal cavity and positioned to receive a gas through the port. The sensor is configured to facilitate detecting at least one of an offensive odor, smoke, a volatile organic compound, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, a nitrogen oxide, methane, and ozone.

Abstract: A wafer structure configured for wafer-level calibration of a plurality of pressure sensors, the wafer structure includes: a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) wafer that includes a plurality of MEMS dice that are separated by a plurality of MEMS-wafer dicing areas; an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) wafer that includes a plurality of ASIC-wafer dice that are separated by a plurality of ASIC-wafer dicing areas; a Film on Wafer (FOW) that bonds the MEMS wafer to the ASIC wafer; a plurality of thru silicon vias (TSVs) extending through the ASIC wafer; and a plurality of metallizations extending through the FOW thereby creating an electrical connection between the ASIC wafer and the MEMS wafer thereby enabling wafer-level calibration of the plurality of pressure sensors. The MEMS wafer and the ASIC wafer may each include alignment features for aligning the MEMS wafer with the ASIC wafer.

Abstract: A micromechanical component including a mounting including a spanned diaphragm, which is warpable via a pressure difference between a first diaphragm side and a second diaphragm side against a diaphragm counter force according to a diaphragm spring constant of the diaphragm, and at least one actuator electrode, which is connected to the diaphragm and adjustable against a spring force according to at least one spring constant of at least one spring with the aid of a warping of the diaphragm, an overall system spring constant being definable as the sum of a diaphragm spring constant of the diaphragm and the spring constant of the single spring, or an overall spring constant of all springs, via which the at least one actuator electrode is connected to the mounting, and the spring constant of the single spring or of all springs being at least 5% of the overall system spring constant.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are quantum computing assemblies, as well as related computing devices and methods. For example, in some embodiments, a quantum computing assembly may include: a quantum device die to generate a plurality of qubits; a control circuitry die to control operation of the quantum device die; and a substrate; wherein the quantum device die and the control circuitry die are disposed on the substrate.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for increasing hydrogen recovery in an integrated refinery and petrochemical complex in which natural gas is used as a co-purge gas in a pressure swing adsorption unit. This natural gas is recovered in tail gas from the pressure swing adsorption unit. This process is useful for refinery off-gas and partial oxidation feeds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for separating and treating impurities from a hydrogen chloride liquid mixture, and particularly relates to a method and a system for separating and treating impurities from a hydrogen chloride liquid mixture produced from the process for preparing isocyanate with phosgenation.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems of providing carbon nanotubes decorated with polymer coated metal nanoparticles. Then, annealing the metal coated carbon nanotubes to reduce a quantity of hydrophilic components of the polymer coating.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for further uniformly drawing out a carbon nanotube web while inhibiting mixing of edge scraps. A carbon nanotube web is drawn out from a carbon nanotube array-in a state in which abutting members which abut on the carbon nanotube array are provided on respective outer sides of both edges of a boundary region between the carbon nanotube array and the carbon nanotube web.

Abstract: Methods for the production of carbon-based and other nanostructures are provided.

Abstract: A method of preparing graphene from coal can include thermally processing raw coal and, after the coal has been at least partially cooled from thermal processing, forming reduced graphene oxide from the coal.

Abstract: A method to make free-standing graphene sheets and the free-standing graphene sheets so formed. The method includes the steps of exfoliating partially oxidized graphene from a carbon-containing electrode into an aqueous solution, acidifying the aqueous solution, and separating from the acidified solution partially oxidized graphene sheet. The partially oxidized graphene is then dried to yield free-standing graphene sheet having a carbon-to-oxygen ratio of at least about 8.0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carbonaceous material that is suitable for the negative pole active substance of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, a negative pole for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising the carbonaceous material, a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery having the negative pole, and a method for producing the carbonaceous material. This carbonaceous material is for a negative pole active substance of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery. The carbonaceous material is derived from plants, the half-width of the peak at approximately 1360 cm-1 of the Raman spectrum observed by laser Raman spectroscopy is 190 to 240 cm-1, and the specific surface area as found by multipoint BET analysis of nitrogen adsorption is 10 to 100 m2/g.

Abstract: A method of producing advanced carbon materials can include extracting a coal sample from a location, performing a spectral analysis on the coal sample, determining one or more desired advanced carbon materials based at least in part on spectral analysis, extracting an amount of coal from the location, beneficiating the amount of coal, and processing the beneficiated amount of coal to produce the one or more desired advanced carbon materials from at least some of the amount of coal.

Abstract: A susceptor arrangement for a reactor includes a heater element configured to heat a process gas to be used in the reactor. Also included is an inner susceptor portion located radially inwardly of the heater element and configured to route the process gas therein along a radially inner process gas path. Further included is an outer susceptor portion located radially outwardly of the heater element and configured to route the process gas therein along a radially outer process gas path, wherein the radially inner process gas path and the radially outer process gas path are fluidly coupled and substantially fluidly isolated from the heater element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a silica aerogel and a silica aerogel produced thereby. The present invention provides a two-step process of a nucleation step of forming silica colloid particles by using a low-concentration silica precursor and a growth step of further adding a relatively high-concentration silica precursor to form a silica wet gel by using the silica colloid particles as a seed. Thus, the present invention provides a method for producing a silica aerogel of which mechanical stability is improved to enhance pore characteristics, and physical properties are readily controllable, and also provides a silica aerogel produced thereby.

Abstract: The disclosure is related to EMM-31 materials, processes, and uses of the same as well as reagents used in the preparation of the EMM-31 materials, process and intermediates for preparing these reagents.

Abstract: Magnesium chloride solutions including providing aqueous magnesium chloride solution with magnesium chloride concentration of 10-30 wt. % to concentration step where water is evaporated, resulting in concentrated magnesium chloride solution with magnesium chloride concentration of 30-50 wt. %, wherein concentration step is carried out in one or more stages, wherein at least one of the stages is conducted at elevated pressure, withdrawing concentrated magnesium chloride solution from concentration step, and providing it to thermohydrolysis reactor of at least 300° C., withdrawing MgO from thermohydrolysis reactor in solid form, and withdrawing a HCl containing gas stream of at least 300° C. from thermohydrolysis reactor, providing the HCl-containing gas stream of at least 300° C. to cooling step, where HCl-containing gas stream is contacted with cooling liquid, withdrawing HCl-containing gas stream below 150° C.

Abstract: A method of preparing a nanosheet tungsten disulfide. The method includes: heating a mixture including tungsten hexachloride, a sulfur source, and a surface modifier to a temperature of between 100 and 200° C. for at least 60 min. The sulfur source is thioacetamide or thiourea. The surface modifier is a C6-40 straight-chain or branched fatty acid, aliphatic amine, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing solutions, by which two solutions, namely a high-purity nickel sulfate solution and a mixed solution of nickel sulfate and cobalt sulfate are able to be obtained at the same time from a sulfuric acid solution containing nickel, cobalt and calcium. A method for producing solutions according to the present invention uses a sulfuric acid solution containing nickel, cobalt and calcium and performs a first step S1 for producing a mixed solution of nickel sulfate and cobalt sulfate from the sulfuric acid solution and a second step S2 for producing a solution of nickel sulfate from the sulfuric acid solution in parallel. In the first step, the sulfuric acid solution is subjected to solvent extraction by an extractant, thereby obtaining a first organic solvent after extraction In the second step, the sulfuric acid solution is subjected to solvent extraction by means of an extractant.

Abstract: A bottle generally includes a container body, a lid assembly, a filter, and an air pump. The container body defines therein an inner space. The lid assembly includes a top cover and a base portion, between which a chamber is defined. The base portion defines a first port and a second port. An outlet tube is connected to the first port at one end and extended out of the chamber at another end. The filter is located in the inner space of the container body and connected to the first port. The air pump is disposed in the chamber of the lid assembly and connected to the second port by an air tube for supplying air into the inner space of the container body to force the water contained in the container body to pass through the filter and flow out of the bottle via the outlet tube.

Abstract: A water purifier includes a water supply tube into which water is introduced, a filter member purifying water passing through the water supply tube, a water discharge tube supplying water to the outside of the water purifier, a hot water tube branched from the water discharge tube, a hot water module including a hot water tank provided on the hot water tube to accommodate purified water and a heat generation unit heating the water accommodated in the hot water tank, a controller spaced apart from the hot water tank or the heat generation unit to control the heat generation unit, and a water discharge nozzle supplying the water passing through the water discharge tube and the hot water tube to the outside of the water purifier. At least a portion of the hot water tube or the water discharge tube passes through the controller and is heat-exchanged with the controller.

Abstract: A method of determining a disinfectant composition of a municipal water supply from a water sample that includes: (a) obtaining a water sample from a water source at a sampling location; (b) adding a chlorine-containing material to the water sample in the presence of an oxidation reduction potential (ORP) measurement device; (c) generating a plurality of ORP measurements during addition of the chlorine-containing material to the water sample; (d) estimating a concentration of one or more of free ammonia, fully combined ammonia, monochloramine, or a mixture of dichloramine and trichloramine in the water sample in which the estimation is derived from the relationship between the added chlorine material and the plurality of ORP measurements; and (e) determining a disinfectant composition of the water source at the water sampling location from the concentration calculation. A method of determining free ammonia composition is also included.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and systems for washing adsorptive media with minimal water consumption. More specifically, the invention provides methods and systems for in situ regeneration and/or sanitization of adsorptive media, such as activated carbon, using back-and-forth washing.

Abstract: A system and method for backwashing a sand filter in a wastewater treatment system. In one aspect, the invention can be a system for backwashing a sand filter comprising: a sand filter configured to remove solids from an untreated wastewater; a container storing chlorine fluidly coupled to the sand filter by a chlorine supply manifold; a flow control mechanism positioned on the chlorine supply manifold between the container and the sand filter, the flow control mechanism alterable between a first position whereby chlorine cannot flow from the container to the sand filter and a second position whereby chlorine flows from the container to the sand filter, the flow control mechanism being biased into the first position; and a processor operably coupled to the flow control mechanism and configured to automatically actuate the flow control mechanism into the second position upon detecting that the sand filter is being backwashed.

Abstract: Device for water disinfection by ultrafiltration. The device comprises a filtering assembly with at least one ultrafiltration membrane (6) inside a casing (10); a pump (5, 15), powered with electrical energy, configured for driving water to be filtered to said at least one ultrafiltration membrane (6); and an electric supply connection (2) for powering said pump (5) from a power supply. Said at least one ultrafiltration membrane is located in said casing (10) in a position in which it receives the feed flow of the water to be filtered by gravity or pressure; the electric power supply is provided by a battery included in a portable communication device (4); and the intensity of the current consumed by the pump (5, 15) is below 1.2 A, with a supply voltage of up to 24 V.

Abstract: The systems and methods described herein relate to use of a reverse diffusion system for removal of dissolved ions from a fluid, for example, salt ions. Specific embodiments include a system for desalinating salt water to produce potable water. The systems and methods can include pulsing low levels of electricity via electrodes in a scrolling pattern, so as to sweep the ions across a unit.

Abstract: A water purification system (100) including an inlet (110) configured to accept a flow of water (105) is provided. The system (100) includes a KDF filtration stage (120) fluidly connected to the inlet (110) and including a metal alloy including elemental copper and elemental zinc. The system (100) includes a reverse osmosis stage (140) fluidly connected to the KDF stage (120). The system (100) also includes an outlet (150) fluidly connected to the reverse osmosis stage (140) and configured to output a flow of purified water (155). The reverse osmosis stage (140) is downstream of the KDF stage (120). A method of purifying water is also provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods for treating a metal or metalloid ion-contaminated liquid are provided. The method may include (i) feeding the metal or metalloid ion-contaminated liquid into a bioelectrochemical reactor containing a bacteria selected by the cathode to produce extracellular metal or metalloid nanoparticles; and (ii) operating the bioelectrochemical reactor anaerobically to reduce the metal or metalloid ions in the metal or metalloid ion-contaminated liquid to extracellular metal or metalloid nanoparticles. The method may further include separating the metal or metalloid nanoparticles from the bacteria with no energy input. A bioelectrochemical reactor system for production of extracellular metal and metalloid nanoparticles may include a bioelectrochemical reactor, a separation device, and a tangential flow filtration unit.

Abstract: According to the present disclosure, a photoelectrochemical cell for wastewater treatment is disclosed. A method of fabricating such a photoelectrochemical cell is also disclosed.

Abstract: A heating apparatus of a water electrolysis system includes: an enclosure with a draw-in hole; a heating unit accommodated in the enclosure; a blowing unit for directing outside air to the heating unit; a circulation channel for directing part of air heated by the heating unit to a space between the heating unit and the blowing unit; and a draw-out portion for leading the air heated by the heating unit to the outside. The air in the circulation channel is introduced to a space between the heating unit and the blowing unit due to the Venturi effect.

Abstract: A process to treat water includes adding a salt-forming base to the water thereby producing saline water, or thereby forming a salt in the water which is different from a salt that the water started out with, if the water started out as saline. The saline water is treated, at a temperature T1 which is above the saturation temperature of the saline water, in a first membrane separation stage to provide clean water and a first brine, the salinity of the first brine being higher than the salinity of the saline water. The first brine is cooled to a temperature T2 to precipitate some of the salt from the first brine and the precipitated salt is separated from the first brine producing a second brine, the temperature T2 being below the temperature T1 but above the freezing temperature of the first brine. The second brine is treated at a temperature T3 above the saturation temperature of the second brine in a second membrane separation stage to provide clean water and a third brine.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for harmless treatment of cyanophytes and suspended solids accumulated in lakeside wetlands, comprising the following steps: first, adding a flocculant to a water body to be treated, so as to allow the flocculation of cyanophytes to accumulate in the surface layer of the water body, and settling the formed cyanophycean floc to the surface layer of sediments; second, adding a floc stabilizer to perform accumulation and compaction of the cyanophycean floc and stabilized treatment of the floc in the surface layer; finally, conducting further reoxygenation treatment on the bottom water body. The method of the invention can realize efficient and ecologically safe flocculation of accumulated cyanophytes at low cost and control odor compounds such as sulfides decomposed from flocculated cyanophytes, so as to provide a new method for harmless treatment of excess cyanophycean accumulation in eutrophic lakes.

Abstract: Techniques are described for preparing a water filtration composition that includes activated carbon having an ash content of at least 10 wt. % and particles of a solubilizing agent. The solubilizing agent forms a water-soluble complex with cations (e.g., calcium ions). This increases the solubility of calcium ions and other scale-forming ions in water, thus suppressing scale formation on interior surfaces of water processing infrastructure. The activated carbon and the solubilizing agent are processed to have particle sizes in a same range, thus enabling the activated carbon and the solubilizing agent to be thoroughly mixed together.

Abstract: Systems and methods for dynamic sanitization control are provided. The system determines an ORP minimum set point value and a free chlorine maximum set point value. The system then measures current ORP and free chlorine levels, and determines whether the measured free chlorine is greater than or equal to the free chlorine maximum set point value and whether the measured current ORP level is less than the ORP minimum set point value. The system adjusts chlorine based on free chlorine levels if the measured free chlorine is greater than or equal to the free chlorine maximum set point value and if the measured current ORP level is less than the ORP minimum set point value. Additionally, the system can adjust chlorine based on ORP levels if either (1) the measured free chlorine is less than the free chlorine maximum set point value or (2) the measured current ORP level greater than or equal to the ORP minimum set point value.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for monitoring and controlling the relative concentration of bromide ion used in the cyclic process for enhanced sanitation and oxidation of aqueous systems at aquatic facilities.

Abstract: A system for treating metal-contaminated wastewater includes a primary treatment sub-system, a secondary treatment sub-system, and a tertiary treatment sub-system. The tertiary treatment sub-system includes a reactor tank, a source of ballast material, a source of coagulant, a solids-liquid separator, and a controller configured to recycle ballasted solids from the solids-liquid separator to the reactor tank an amount sufficient to generate metal hydroxide floc in the reactor tank to reduce a concentration of dissolved metal in the reactor tank.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for treating wastewater. In one example a system for treating wastewater treatment is provided. The system comprises a biological reactor having an inlet in fluid communication with a source of wastewater and an outlet, the biological reactor configured to treat wastewater from the source of wastewater and output a biologically treated wastewater from the outlet, a solids-liquid separation system having an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the biological reactor and configured to separate the biologically treated wastewater into a solids-lean effluent and a solids-rich waste activated sludge (WAS), a treatment subsystem comprising a digester, an inlet in fluid communication with a WAS outlet of the solids-liquid separation system, and an outlet for providing ballasted and digested WAS, and a ballast feed system configured to deliver ballast to one of the biological reactor and the treatment subsystem.

Abstract: An organic wastewater treatment method that includes a raw sludge removal step, a raw sludge concentration step, a biological treatment step, an excess sludge separation step, an excess sludge concentration step, a sludge mixing step, and a methane fermentation treatment step. The treatment method further includes a sterilization step for heating and sterilizing the concentrated excess sludge upstream of the sludge mixing step. At least one among: (1) the temperature to which the concentrated excess sludge is heated during sterilization, (2) the concentration of concentrated raw sludge and/or the concentration of the concentrated excess sludge, and (3) the mixture ratio between the concentrated raw sludge and the concentrated excess sludge is adjusted according to the fluctuation in the amount of raw sludge generated and the amount of the excess sludge generated, and the temperature of the mixed sludge is controlled to a temperature suited for methane fermentation.

Abstract: A mixing apparatus has a chemical moving part, a motor, a paddle, and a plate. The chemical moving part is configured to receive and output a chemical in a pipe. The motor is configured to rotatably drive a shaft coupled to the motor at a first end of the shaft. The shaft defines a central rotational axis. The paddle is connected to a second end of the shaft and configured to rotate with the shaft. The plate is configured to secure the motor to the pipe and has a first side facing the motor and a second opposite side facing a projection of the paddle. The first side defines a first length extending in a direction perpendicular to the shaft and the second side defines a second length extending in a direction perpendicular to the shaft. The first length is greater than the second length.

Abstract: A method for making high optical quality multicomponent chalcogenide glasses without refractive index perturbations due to striae, phase separation or crystal formation using a sealed ampoule with chemical components enclosed inside, a two-zone furnace, a convection heating/mixing step, and multiple fining steps. Initially, the sealed ampoule is oriented vertically within the two-zone furnace and heated to melt the chemical components contained within, and a temperature gradient is created between the top zone and the bottom zone such that the bottom zone has a higher temperature. This temperature gradient causes convection currents within the viscous liquid until it is sufficiently mixed due to the convective flow. Then the temperature gradient is reversed such that the top zone now has a higher temperature and the convective flow ceases. The furnace temperatures are then reduced over a period of time, with holds at multiple temperatures for fining and cooling to form a solid glass.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a boron containing glass, comprising melting raw materials including boron compounds in a submerged combustion melter withdrawing flue gases from said melter and recovering heat from said flue gases in appropriate heat recovery equipment prior to release into the environment.

Abstract: A transparent coloured lithium aluminium silicate glass ceramic and method of producing are provided. The glass ceramic has a brightness Y of 0.1% to 80% at thickness 4 mm. The glass ceramic has a D65 standard illuminant light, after passing through the glass ceramic with thickness 4 mm, with a colour locus in a white region W1 determined by coordinates in a chromaticity diagram CIExyY-2°: White region W1 x y 0.27 0.21 0.22 0.25 0.32 0.37 0.45 0.45 0.47 0.34 0.36 0.29.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a glass film, including: a forming step of forming a band-shaped glass film (1); a conveyance direction changing step of changing a conveyance direction of the band-shaped glass film (1) from a vertically downward direction to a horizontal direction by conveying the band-shaped glass film (1) along a curved conveyance path (R1); and a horizontal conveyance step of conveying the band-shaped glass film (1) in the horizontal direction along a horizontal conveyance path (R2), wherein, when some sections of the band-shaped glass film (1) are to be discarded, the method involves: a separating step of separating a discard glass part (1x) from the band-shaped glass film (1) on the horizontal conveyance path (R2); and a discarding step of discarding the separated discard glass part (1x) by causing the discard glass part (1x) to leave the horizontal conveyance path (R2) downward.

Abstract: Provided are an optical glass that has optical properties including a medium refractive index and low dispersion and that has good chemical durability and a low specific gravity, and a preform material and an optical element that use the optical glass. The optical glass contains a SiO2 component: 0% or more and less than 30.0%; 8.0% to 30.0% of an Al2O3 component; less than 20.0% of an RO component (where R represents at least one selected from the group consisting of Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba) in terms of a mass sum; and 10.0% to 55.0% of an Ln2O3 component (where Ln represents at least one selected from the group consisting of La, Gd, Y, and Lu) in terms of a mass sum. A mass ratio (SiO2+Al2O3)/B2O3 is 0.3 to 10.0, and the optical glass has a refractive index (nd) of 1.58 or more and 1.80 or less and an Abbe number (?d) of 35 or more and 65 or less.

Abstract: A glass for chemical strengthening contains, in mole percentage on an oxide basis, 58 to 80% of SiO2, 13 to 18% of Al2O3, 0 to 5% of B2O3, 0.5 to 4% of P2O5, 4 to 10% of Li2O, 5 to 14% of Na2O, 0 to 2% of K2O, 0 to 11% of MgO, 0 to 5% of CaO, 0 to 20% of SrO, 0 to 15% of BaO, 0 to 10% of ZnO, 0 to 1% of TiO2, and 0 to 2% of ZrO2. A value of X is 30000 or more. The value of X is calculated based on the formula, X=SiO2×329+Al2O3×786+B2O3×627+P2O5×(?941)+Li2O×927+Na2O×47.5+K2O×(?371)+MgO×1230+CaO×1154+SrO×733+ZrO2×51.8, by using the contents in mole percentage on an oxide basis of components.

Abstract: Disclosed are a wollastonite crystallized glass for an artificial tooth and a method for coloring same, the method enabling a production of a uniform shade without degrading the physical properties of a crystallized glass by means of simply adding a small amount of coloring additive powder when preparing the crystallized glass.

Abstract: Provided is a conductive paste for forming a bus bar electrode having high adhesive strength on a passivation film in a crystalline silicon solar cell without having a detrimental effect on the passivation film so as to affect solar cell properties. The conductive paste is a conductive paste for forming an electrode formed on a passivation film of a solar cell, containing: (A) conductive particles, (B) an organic vehicle, and (C) glass frit containing Bi2O3 at 10 mol % to 30 mol % and SiO2 at 5 mol % to 30 mol %, wherein the conductive paste contains the glass frit at 0.3 parts by weight to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the conductive particles.

Abstract: A transparent colored glass ceramic, in particular an LAS glass ceramic, suitable for use as a cooking surface is provided. The transparent colored glass ceramic includes high-quartz solid solution (HQ s.s.) as a main crystal phase and exhibits thermal expansion of ?1 to +1 ppm/K in the range from 20° C. to 700° C. The glass ceramic has from 3.0 to 3.6 percent by weight of lithium oxide (Li2O) as constituents and either is colored with 0.003 to 0.05 percent by weight of vanadium oxide (V2O5) or is colored with 0.003 to 0.25 percent by weight of molybdenum oxide (MoO3).

Abstract: A fitout article or article of equipment for a kitchen or laboratory is provided. The article has a display device, a separating element, and a covering. The covering is on an interior side of the separating element and has a cutout at the separating element. The separating element has a light transmittance of at least 5% and at most 70%. The covering has light transmittance of at most 7% and a colour locus in the CIELAB colour space with coordinates L* of 20 to 40, a* of ?6 to 6 and b* of ?6 to 6, and the colour locus of D65 standard illuminant light, after passing through the substrate, is within a white region W1 determined in the chromaticity diagram CIExyY-2° by the coordinates: White region W1 x Y 0.27 0.21 0.22 0.25 0.32 0.37 0.45 0.45 0.47 0.34 0.36 0.29.

Abstract: A sightglass for a stove is provided that has a substrate made of transparent coloured lithium aluminium silicate glass ceramic. The sightglass has a light transmittance of 0.1% to 50%. Standard illuminant D65 light, after passing through the glass ceramic, at a thickness of 4 mm, has a colour locus in the white region W1 determined by the following coordinates in the chromaticity diagram CIExyY-2°: White region W1 x y 0.27 0.21 0.22 0.25 0.32 0.37 0.45 0.45 0.47 0.34 0.36 ?0.29.