Abstract: A method for preparing a ceramic-modified carbon-carbon composite material. The method includes preparing and thermally treating a carbon fiber preform, and depositing pyrolytic carbon on the carbon fiber preform in a chemical vapor infiltration furnace, to yield a porous carbon-carbon composite material; placing the carbon-carbon composite material deposited with the pyrolytic carbon on a zirconium-titanium powder mixture, and performing a reactive melt infiltration, to yield a carbon-carbon composite material modified by non-stoichiometric zirconium titanium carbide; and placing the carbon-carbon composite material modified by non-stoichiometric zirconium titanium carbide in a powder mixture including carbon, boron carbide, silicon carbide, silicon, and an infiltration enhancer, and performing an embedding method, to form a ceramic-modified carbon-carbon composite material.

Abstract: In some examples, a technique may include positioning a first part comprising a ceramic or ceramic matrix composite and a second part comprising a ceramic or a CMC adjacent to each other to define a joint region at the interface of the first part and the second part. In some examples, the joint region may be heated using at least one of a laser or a plasma arc source to heat the joint region to an elevated temperature. The first and second parts may be pressed together and cooled to join the first and second parts at the joint region. In other examples, a solid braze material including a filler material and a metal or alloy may be delivered to the joint region and locally heated to cause a constituent of the filler material and a constituent of the metal or alloy to react. When reacted, the constituents may form a solid material, which may join the first and second parts.

Abstract: Improved coating formulations for cementitious composite building materials are disclosed herein. The coating formulations provide both sealer and primer functions, particularly for substrates in a high alkaline environment, such as fiber cement composite materials.

Abstract: A heat treated ceramic article includes a ceramic substrate and a ceramic coating on the ceramic substrate. The ceramic coating is a non-sintered ceramic coating that has a different composition than the ceramic substrate. The heat treated ceramic article further includes a transition layer between the ceramic substrate and the ceramic coating, the transition layer comprising first elements from the ceramic coating that have reacted with second elements from the ceramic substrate, wherein the transition layer has a thickness of about 0.1 microns to about 5 microns.

Abstract: Disclosed are sp2 carbon nanogranules with iron incorporated from heavy petroleum residue of a refinery. The nanogranules may be used for improved synthesis of light olefins (C2-C4) from syngas in a single step Fischer Tropsch synthesis to lower olefins, (FTO). The efficient iron incorporated carbon nanogranules derived from low value heavy petroleum residue are very attractive as a catalytic system for direct synthesis of light olefin (C2-C4) from syngas at CO conversion up to 30%.

Abstract: A propane production method includes a hydrogenation reaction step of hydrogenation-reacting crude propylene and hydrogen in a presence of a catalyst to obtain gaseous crude propane containing impurities; and an impurity removal step of removing the impurities contained in the gaseous crude propane obtained in the hydrogenation reaction step to obtain purified propane. The impurity removal step includes an adsorptive removal stage of adsorbing and removing water, ethane and propylene contained as impurities in the gaseous crude propane by adsorption treatment in which the gaseous crude propane is brought into contact with an adsorbent, and a separation removal stage of separating and removing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and methane contained as impurities in the crude propane after the adsorption treatment by partial condensation or distillation of crude propane after the adsorption treatment in the adsorptive removal stage.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes and systems for converting acyclic hydrocarbons to alkenes, cyclic hydrocarbons and/or aromatics, for example converting acyclic C5 hydrocarbons to cyclopentadiene in a reactor system. The process includes contacting a feedstock comprising acyclic hydrocarbons with a catalyst material in at least one reaction zone to convert at least a portion of the acyclic hydrocarbons to a first effluent comprising alkenes, cyclic hydrocarbons and/or aromatics. A co-feed comprising H2, C1-C4 alkanes and/or C1-C4 alkenes may also be provided to the at least one reaction zone.

Abstract: In certain aspects, the present invention relates to methods for increasing the cost efficiency and safety of the hydrogenation of a fluorinated olefin by controlling the reaction conditions and parameters. In further aspects, the hydrogenation reaction is provided in a two stage reaction wherein the reactant amounts, temperature and other parameters are controlled such that the conversion percentage, selectivity, and reaction parameters are all within commercially acceptable levels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a plant for the methanol synthesis, in particular for the methanol synthesis from a synthesis gas which has a hydrogen deficiency. According to the invention, a purge gas stream therefor is branched off from the synthesis gas circuit of the methanol synthesis, liberated from methanol traces in a washing device, and then treated in a hydrogen separation device which comprises a membrane separation stage and a pressure swing adsorption stage. Depending on the application and magnitude of the hydrogen deficit the membrane separation stage and the pressure swing adsorption stage can be connected in series or in parallel.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for preparing a phenolic compound comprising reacting a furanic compound with a dienophile in the presence of a catalyst comprising yttrium.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) including (A) an optional first step including cracking raw material made from or containing ethane and/or propane, to form ethylene and recovering the residual uncracked raw material, (B) a second step including dimerizing ethylene to form n-butylene, (C) a third step including isomerizing the n-butylene to form isobutylene, (D) an optional fourth step including oxidizing methane to form methanol, (E) a fifth step including etherifying the isobutylene with methanol to form methyl t-butyl ether, and (F) a sixth step including collecting the methyl t-butyl ether is provided. The process can also be used to prepare gasoline alkylate, a higher molecular weight ethylene oligomer, a higher-molecular-weight-ethylene-oligomer-based methyl ether, an isomerized higher molecular weight ethylene oligomer, or an isomerized-higher-molecular-weight-ethylene-oligomer-based methyl ether.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing 2-halogenated benzoic acids, the method imparting high regioselectivity (high selectivity) and having a shorter reaction time than does the conventional reaction. This method for producing 2-halogenated benzoic acids, in order to achieve the above purpose, is characterized in that benzoic acids and a halogenating agent are reacted in the presence of an alkaline compound, making it possible to highly selectively obtain 2-halogenated benzoic acids.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes for obtaining a microbial oil comprising one or more polyunsaturated fatty acids (PU-FAs) from one or more microbial cells by lysing the cells to form a lysed cell composition and then recovering the oil from the lysed cell composition. Further disclosed herein is microbial oil comprising one or more PUFAs that is recovered from microbial cells by at least one process described herein.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of oxidative coupling of aryl boron reagents with sp3-carbon nucleophiles, and ambient decarboxylative arylation of malonate half-esters via oxidative catalysis.

Abstract: A method for preparing triglyceride oils containing at least 2% branching on the hydrocarbon chain, said method involving subjecting in a pressurized container (a) a feedstock containing unsaturated fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone having 6 to 25 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, (b) modified zeolite, and (c) water or alcohol in the presence of an inert atmosphere (e.g., at a temperature of about 150° C. to about 350° C. and a pressure of about 10 to about 300 psi for about 24 to about 72 hours) to produce triglycerides containing at least 2% branching (and optionally isolating said triglycerides containing at least 2% branching and optionally purifying the isolated triglycerides containing at least 2% branching); wherein said modified zeolite has been calcined at about 760° C. to about 840° C. for about 20 to about 28 hours, then placed in about 1N HCl at about 50° C. to about 60° C. for about 20 to about 28 hours and washed with water until the pH is neutral.

Abstract: Provided herein are (phenylene)dialkanamines, and methods of producing such (phenylene)dialkanamines from various furanyl and benzyl compounds. Such furanyl compounds may include, for example, bis(nitroalkyl)furans, bis(aminoalkyl)furans, and nitroalkyl(furan)acetonitriles. Such compounds may include, for example, bis(nitroalkyl)benzenes. Provided herein are also alkyldiamines, and methods for producing such alkyldiamines from furanyl compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for synthesizing the compound (2R,3S,4E)-N-methyl-5-(4?-pentylphenyl)-2-aminopent-4-ene-1,3-diol, also known as SK1-I, and intermediate compounds used in its synthesis.

Abstract: An improved and well reproducible process for the preparation of Enclomiphene citrate having needle shaped crystal habit is provided. It is also related to a solid form of Enclomiphene citrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing ?-hydroxyisobutyric acid amide by hydration of acetone cyanohydrin under the presence of a catalyst composed mainly of manganese oxide using a reactor in which at least two reaction regions are connected in series, the method being characterized by comprising: a step (B) of cyclically supplying at least a portion of a reaction liquid withdrawn from at least one reaction region to a first reaction region (I) in the reactor; and a step (b1) of further cyclically supplying at least a portion of the reaction liquid withdrawn from at least one reaction region to at least one reaction region other than the first reaction region. The method is also characterized in that an oxidizing agent is supplied to at least one reaction region in the reactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing isocyanates, according to which exhaust flows provided for the combustion are guided through an adsorption device before being supplied into the exhaust gas combustion process, and are thereby depleted of solvent, the adsorption device comprising at least two adsorption units connected in parallel, which are alternately (i) exposed to the at least one exhaust flow and (ii) regenerated with water vapor, where, during method step (i), an exhaust flow depleted of solvent is obtained, and during method step (ii), a flow containing water and solvent is obtained, the solvent proportion of which is recycled into a method for producing isocyanates.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the production of urea allowing a substantial reduction, even down to zero, of the continuous emission of ammonia conventionally resulting from such a process. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the urea-forming reaction from carbon dioxide and ammonia is conducted in a synthesis section that does not require passivation by oxygen. As a result of the absence of oxygen, a hydrogen-rich gas stream results from the synthesis section, that can be used as a fuel in an incinerator. In the incinerator, ammonia-comprising gas streams from the urea production process are combusted.

Abstract: Provided are a novel compound useful for adjusting sweetness or saltiness or inhibiting ENaC, and use thereof. An octenyl sulfate ester of the following Formula (1) or a salt thereof, wherein the wavy line represents any one of cis- or trans-configuration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of polyfunctionalized polyethylene and polypropylene glycols, their synthesis and their use, in particular as tracers in applications related to oil and gas production, and especially as specific markers of various target fluids.

Abstract: A method of producing ?-caprolactam from 3-oxoadipic acid includes: step 1 of mixing at least one selected from the group consisting of 3-oxoadipic acid and salts thereof with a catalyst and a solvent in the presence of hydrogen to produce 3-hydroxyadipic acid; and step 2 of reacting the 3-hydroxyadipic acid which is a product of step 1, a salt or carboxylic acid derivative thereof, or a mixture of these with hydrogen and ammonia.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new method for preparing an azetidinone compound represented by formula (I). The carboxylic ketoester represented by formula (II) serves as the raw material and is subjected to Grignard addition, stereoselective dehydration, ester group reduction, hydroxyl group protection, addition with imine after condensation with a chiral auxiliary, cyclization and deprotection to obtain the compound represented by formula (I). The present invention has advantages of easily available raw material, a few synthetic steps, simple operation, high yield, good stereoselectivity and low cost, and can be used for industrial production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the synthesis of succinimides, in particular to a method for the synthesis of a succinimide compound, comprising the step of reacting an alkyne, with carbon monoxide and ammonia or an amine, in the presence of an iron catalyst, wherein the reaction is carried out in an amine liquid phase and/or in the absence of an ether solvent. The succinimides may be reduced to quaternary ammonium cations which may be used as structure directing agents in the synthesis of molecular sieves.

Abstract: A monomer, an organic layer composition, an organic layer, and a method of forming a pattern, the monomer being represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

Abstract: A compound has retinoid-related orphan receptor ? antagonist activity and shows a therapeutic effect or a preventive effect on autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis or psoriasis or allergic diseases, including allergic dermatitis or the like, such as contact dermatitis or atopic dermatitis. The cyclic amine derivative is represented by the formula or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Provided is an organic compound, which is represented by the general formula (1): in the general formula (1), R1 and R2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having 1 or more and 20 or less carbon atoms, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, and a heteroaryl group, R3 and R4 are each independently selected from an alkyl group having 1 or more and 10 or less carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 or more and 10 or less carbon atoms, and A1? and A2? each independently represent a monovalent anion.

Abstract: The present invention provides aryl isonitrile compounds that have antibacterial properties. More specifically, the aryl isonitrile compounds of the present invention are potent inhibitors of drug resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract: A process for preparing the polymorph I of the anhydrate of 2-Chloro-N-(4?-chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)-nicotinamide (boscalid) of the formula I: is provided. The process comprises the steps of: a) dissolving the polymorph II of the anhydrate of boscalid in a first solvent in an amount and at conditions allowing dissolution of the polymorph II of the anhydrate of boscalid; b) combining the resulting solution with water; c) isolating the solid from the solvent mixture; and d) drying the solid to obtain the polymorph I of the anhydrate of boscalid.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are pyridazinone compounds, pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more pyridazinone compounds, and methods of synthesizing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of ameliorating and/or treating a disease and/or a condition, including an orthomyxovirus infection, with a pyridazinone compounds. Examples of an orthomyxovirus viral infection includes an influenza infection.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) and salts are disclosed. Also disclosed are isotopes of compounds of formula I of the salts thereof. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula I, processes for preparing compounds of formula I, intermediates useful for preparing compounds of formula I and therapeutic methods using a compound of formula I are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds useful for the treatment of HBV infection in a subject in need thereof, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of inhibiting, suppressing, or preventing HBV infection in the subject.

Abstract: The present application relates to a novel and efficient process for preparing novel substituted 5-fluoro-1H-pyrazolopyridines of the formula (VI) which are suitable as an intermediate for production of medicaments and for production of medicaments for treatment and/or prophylaxis of cardiovascular disorders. More particularly, the 5-fluoro-1H-pyrazolopyridines of the formula (VI) are suitable for preparation of the compound of the formula (I) which serves for production of medicaments, for production of medicaments for treatment and/or prophylaxis of cardiovascular disorders.

Abstract: Disclosed are chromene-2 derivatives and the use thereof in the treatment of fibrosis. Specifically, disclosed are the derivatives of a compound having a main structure of 6,7-dimethoxy-chromenylium perchlorate (1) and pharmaceutical compositions, combinations and pharmaceutically suitable salts thereof for the treatment of fibrosis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone or a compound containing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone, the method comprising the following steps: Oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in a two-or multi-phase reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst or catalyst system containing at least one copper (II)-halide to a mixture containing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone, characterized in that the reaction medium contains water and at least one secondary aliphatic acyclic alcohol having 6 or more, preferably 7 or more, carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the following compounds wherein the integers are as defined in the description, and where the compounds may be useful as medicaments, for instance for use in the treatment of tuberculosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides N-[1-(1-Cyclohexyl-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-4-phenyl-piperidin-4-ylmethyl]-N-isobutyl-4-{[(piperidin-4-ylmethyl)-amino]-methyl}-benzenesulfonamide and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. These compounds may be useful in the treatment of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or renal failure. The present invention further relates to methods for the preparation of compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and the use of such compounds and/or pharmaceutical compositions in treating certain diseases.

Abstract: Pyridinecarboxamide derivatives, preparation methods, and a pharmaceutical uses thereof are provided. In particular, pyridinecarboxamide derivatives represented by general formula (I), wherein the substituents of the formula (I) are defined in the specification are provided. Also provided are a preparation method for the pyridinecarboxamide derivatives of formula (I), a pharmaceutical composition containing the pyridinecarboxamide derivatives, and uses of the pyridinecarboxamide derivatives as therapeutic agents, especially as inhibitors of the Renal Outer Medullary Potassium channel (ROMK) and in the preparation of medicaments for treating and/or preventing hypertension and heart failure.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I): where A1, A2, A3, A4, G, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in claim 1; or a salt or N-oxide thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for preparing compounds of formula (I), to insecticidal, acaricidal, nematicidal and molluscicidal compositions comprising the compounds of formula (I) and to methods of using the compounds of formula (I) to control insect, acarine, nematode and mollusc pests.

Abstract: Compounds, and compositions, methods, and uses thereof, are described herein for treating neurodegenerative diseases and disorders. In particular, vasopressin receptor modulators, and compositions, methods and uses thereof, are described herein for treating neuropsychiatric aspects of neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract: The invention provides tetrahydroquinoline sulfonamide compounds, tetrahydronaphthalene sulfonyl compounds, and related compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, methods of promoting RORy activity, methods of increasing the amount of IL-17 in a subject, and methods of treating cancer and other medical disorders using such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I): (I) compositions comprising such compounds; the use of such compounds in therapy (for example in the treatment or prevention of a disease or condition in which plasma kallikrein activity is implicated); and methods of treating patients with such compounds; wherein R5, R6, R7, A, B, W, X, Y and Z are as defined herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds of the general formula (A-I), with Het-2 being an optionally substituted bicyclic heteroaryl of the formula (AA) pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and the use thereof as medicaments, in particular for the use as ferroportin inhibitors, more particularly for the use in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases caused by a lack of hepcidin or iron metabolism disorders, such as particularly iron overload states such as in particular thalassemia and hemochromatosis.

Abstract: Compounds are provided that act as potent antagonists of the CCR9 receptor, and which have been further confirmed in animal testing for inflammation, one of the hallmark disease states for CCR9. The compounds are generally aryl sulfonamide derivatives and are useful in pharmaceutical compositions, methods for the treatment of CCR9-mediated diseases, and as controls in assays for the identification of CCR9 antagonists.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions make up a compound acting as inhibitor of N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase (NAAA), may be used for the therapeutical treatment and prevention of pain and inflammatory disorders and other disorders which benefit from the modulation of fatty acid ethanolamines, particularly palmitoylethanolamide (PEA). The compound is used in methods of inhibiting NAAA and methods of therapeutical treatment and prevention of pain and inflammation.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds of the formula (I) in which the R1, R2a, R2b, R3, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and n radicals are each as defined above, to the use thereof as acaricides and/or insecticides for controlling animal pests and to processes and intermediates for preparation thereof.

Abstract: Provided are crystal forms I, II, III and IV of a pyrroloquinoline quinone sodium salt and a preparation method thereof. Also provided are a pharmaceutical composition, a cosmetic composition, a functional food or a nutritional agent containing the above-mentioned crystal forms. The crystal forms have excellent properties in terms of solubility, crystal stability, hygroscopicity and the like.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) defined herein are p38 MAPK inhibitors and are useful as anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of, inter alia, diseases of the respiratory tract.