Abstract: A thermal printer uses an ink ribbon having a function of performing cleaning of a thermal head by being heated. The thermal printer performs a cleaning process of performing cleaning of the thermal head. In the cleaning process, the thermal head applies, to the ink ribbon, heat of a heat quantity with which a dye applied onto the ink ribbon does not sublime and with which the cleaning is performed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a communication interface, an image forming unit, a plurality of sheet feeders, and a motor configured to selectively apply a drive force any of the sheet feeders. A transmission assembly switches transmission to any one of the sheet feeders. A controller receives preceding data from the communication interface, and, in response, controls the transmission assembly to initiate a switch of the transmission of the drive force to a standard sheet feeder among the plurality of the sheet feeders. In response to receipt control data received after the preceding data, the controller controls the image forming unit, motor, and transmission assembly to form an image on the sheet based on an image forming condition included in the control data.

Abstract: A method including printing a calibration pattern with a wide array printhead having a plurality of printhead dies. The method includes scanning the calibration pattern with a scanbar having a width less than a width of the wide array printhead by indexing the scanbar to a plurality of selected positions across a width of the calibration pattern and providing a scanned calibration image at each selected position, the calibration images together providing a scan of the full width of the calibration pattern, and measuring alignment between successive printhead dies based on the calibration images.

Abstract: In certain examples described herein, a depositing mechanism performs an overcoat depositing operation. The depositing mechanism comprises a plurality of print head arrays. Each print head array is arrangeable in a deposit position to deposit an overcoat layer onto a substrate and a service position to enable servicing to be performed. In certain cases, an array controller causes at least one print head array of the plurality of print head arrays to be moved periodically from the deposit position to the service position according to a predefined servicing sequence during an ongoing overcoat depositing operation performed by the depositing mechanism.

Abstract: A redundantly printed security-enhanced document, printing method and system ensure the meaning of the information imparted by variable indicia printed by redundant printing on the document with removable scratch-off coatings. By printing the variable indicia with multiple colors, redundancy and integrity of the intended indicia is achieved. Additionally, inverted color indicia countermeasures to pinprick attacks are also disclosed. The redundantly printed document, methods and systems enhance the overall appearance of the redundantly printed document, and reduce possible consequences resulting from misprinted variable indicia. The resultant printed process color indicia maintains a grayscale equivalent level of a process color greater than or equal to the measured grayscale equivalent level of the substrate surface plus an additional contrast delta of 15%.

Abstract: Provided are a planographic printing plate precursor, a laminate thereof, and a method of producing a planographic printing plate precursor capable of satisfying all purposes for eliminating interleaving paper used for preventing scraping and peeling, preventing adhesion, imparting a plate-separating property for preventing multiple-plate feeding, and preventing scratches. The planographic printing plate precursor which includes a polymer layer on a surface of a belt-like support 12 includes a back coat layer 70 having an arithmetic average surface roughness Ra of 0.5 ?m or greater due to a surface roughness structure in which thin film portions 60 and thick film portions 62 are continuously formed on a rear surface of the belt-like support 12.

Abstract: A binding component holding sheet is configured to detachably hold a binding component obtained by spirally winding a wire rod and includes a holder configured to hold the binding component by insertion of a circumferential portion of the spirally wound binding component. The holder is configured to hold the binding component so that an area greater than a half of the binding component in a circumferential direction protrudes to one side of the binding component holding sheet and an area less than the half of the binding component in the circumferential direction protrudes to the other side of the binding component holding sheet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a first apparatus configured to perform punching on a sheet by using a punching member; a second apparatus, including a stacking part on which a plurality of sheets punched by the first apparatus is stacked, and configured to perform binding so as to obtain a bookbinding article in which a binding member penetrates in a ring shape through punched holes of the plurality of sheets; a notification unit notifying information; and a control unit configured, in a case of starting a job using the first apparatus and the second apparatus and determining that a jam has occurred in the stacking part, to cancel the job, and to cause the notification unit to notify that a thickness of a sheet stack stacked on the stacking part exceeds a thickness that enables to be bound by the binding member used by the second apparatus.

Abstract: A knock type pen including a housing, a lead which is received in the housing and has an end to which a nib is coupled, and a knock element which protrudes from top of the housing and is pushed, a regulating element which is rotatably installed on an outer circumference of the housing, and a locking element which is provided in the housing and moves up and down by rotation of the regulating element, wherein when the locking element moves up, a press of the knock element is limited by the locking element.

Abstract: A feeding pencil includes a body, a leading tube, a middle tube, a pipe member including drawing materials, a movable body, a holding member, and a sliding part. The drawing material moves forward in the leading tube when the pipe member engages with the leading tube in a rotating direction by moving the sliding part forward by a predetermined amount, when the leading tube and the body are rotated relatively in one direction while the pipe member is engaged with the leading tube in the rotating direction. The sliding part includes a stick-like part with a spring, and the stick-like part is inserted into an opening of a housing, and the sliding part is urged rearward by the spring when one end of the spring abuts the housing, and the other end of the spring abuts a face protruding radially outwardly from the stick-like part.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electric pencil sharpener, and pertains to the field of mechanical technology. It resolves the issue that existing electric pencil sharpeners are unable to be switched off automatically when emptying the shavings debris. The present electric pencil sharpener comprises a housing, and a power receptacle is fixed to the housing. The electric pencil sharpener also comprises a base. The housing is placed on the base, while a power connector is fixed to the base. The power connector is electrically connected to the power receptacle, and a locating structure is arranged between the housing and the base to circumferentially secure the housing and the base. It has the advantages that the power is cut off automatically while the normal service performance is ensured.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an exterior forming method and an exterior forming structure of an electronic component. The exterior forming method of an electronic component may include mounting an injection-molded product, which is injection molded as an electronic component, to an upper portion a heat transferring base unit, mounting a printing film having an ink layer for a heat transfer to the upper portion of the heat transferring base unit such that the ink layer faces an upper surface of the injection-molded product, and heat-transferring the ink layer on the upper surface of the injection-molded product by rotating a heating roll while closely attached at an upper portion of the printing film. The exterior forming method may also include forming an UV coating layer on an upper portion of the ink layer that is heat-transferred on the injection-molded product.

Abstract: A multi-lobed wheel adapted to be mounted to an agricultural platform for traversal of an agricultural field generally traverse to adjacent rows of planted crops without crushing the individual plants. The multi-lobed wheel having a wheel hub including a central axis on which the multi-lobed wheel is configured to rotate and a plurality of spaced apart lobes defining an outer perimeter configured to make ground engaging contact with the agricultural field, the outer perimeter including structure presenting a plurality of gaps between the plurality of spaced apart lobes, the gaps shaped and sized to provide sufficient clearance for individual plants within a planted crop row so as to enable the multi-lobed wheel to pass over a planted crop row without crushing the individual plants therein.

Abstract: A vehicle wheel including a wheel rim having first and second sidewalls defining a rim trough and an opening extending through a portion of the wheel rim, a tire having a tire bead positioned in the rim trough in engagement with the first sidewall, and a bead lock positioned in the rim trough adjacent the tire bead. The bead lock is movable between a locked position and an unlocked position. The bead lock includes an actuator positioned in the opening with a portion accessible from outside the rim, and a hand positioned in the rim trough with two free ends moveable relative to each other and a side edge engaged with the tire bead. The side edge includes a cut out that creates a recessed edge that is not engaged with the tire bead.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a vehicle wheel with a connection between a wheel rim and a wheel disc in which the wheel disc is connected to the wheel rim by means of at least one connecting element that is guided through a through-hole of the rim base and is joined in the wheel disc. After the joining of the connecting element in the wheel disc a portion of the head of the connecting element projects beyond the rim base on the outer side of the rim. Subsequently the head of the connecting element is at least partially removed.

Abstract: A wheel module for a motor vehicle, the wheel module including a wheel carrier, a wheel hub, a wheel bearing separate from the wheel hub that supports the wheel hub on the wheel carrier, and a drive shaft for driving the wheel hub. The wheel hub having end face toothing engaging a mating toothing on the drive shaft. A spacer element is arranged axially between the wheel bearing and the drive shaft wherein the spacer element adjoins the end face toothing and/or the mating toothing radially on the outside.

Abstract: A bicycle hub assembly comprises a hub axle, a hub body, and a sprocket support body. The hub body includes a first spoke-mounting portion, a second spoke-mounting portion, and a first axial length. The first axial length is defined between a first axially outermost part of the first spoke-mounting portion and a second axially outermost part of the second spoke-mounting portion in an axial direction with respect to a rotational center axis. The first axial length is equal to or larger than 55 mm. The sprocket support body is rotatably mounted on the hub axle about the rotational center axis. The sprocket support body includes at least ten external spline teeth configured to engage with a bicycle rear sprocket assembly. Each of the at least ten external spline teeth has an external-spline driving surface and an external-spline non-driving surface.

Abstract: In order to form a mobile wheel base, a stem caster adapter or a wheel assembly are attached to the bottom of a platform support or a container such as a cardboard carton are provided. The adapter has a body with a cylindrical recess open at the bottom surface adapted to receive and engage the stem of the caster. In the wheel assembly, a wheel or roller is rotatably attached to the bottom of the body. Both the adapter and wheel assembly have a cylindrical member extending from the top surface of the body with oppositely extending protrusions forming a bayonet-type mount. The mount is received within an opening in the bottom of the platform support or container and then rotated to attach the adapter or wheel assembly to the platform support or container.

Abstract: In a heavy duty orbital caster assembly that includes a rotatable wheel unit joined to a transfer plate that pivots about a mounting post extending from a mounting plate adapted to be secured to the bottom surface of an object, the improvement comprising a pair of roller bearing assemblies that extend upwardly from the upper surface of the transfer plate adjacent to the caster wheel post as it extends through its bearing. The rollers impinge on the lower surface of the mounting plate, and serve to transfer some of the load of the supported object directly to the caster wheel, enabling the support of very heavy loads.

Abstract: An axle assembly includes an axle housing having a passage. An axle extends through the passage. A bearing supports the axle in the passage. An adaptive bearing preload adjustment system is mounted adjacent the bearing. The adaptive bearing preload adjustment system is selectively activatable to adaptively adjust a preload force on the bearing.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a rubber composition for tires that can improve processability, crack resistance, ozone resistance, discoloration resistance, and tire appearance while maintaining a good balance between them, and also to provide a pneumatic tire formed from the rubber composition. The present invention relates to a rubber composition for tires, containing: a rubber component; an antioxidant; and polyether, the rubber component having a combined content of polybutadiene rubber, natural rubber, and polyisoprene rubber of 80% by mass or more per 100% by mass of the rubber component, the rubber composition containing the antioxidant in an amount of 0.3 to 7.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, the polyether having an average mass content of at least two consecutive polyethylene oxide units of 85% or less of the polyethylene oxide mass content of the polyether.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire (1), wherein an inter-cord distance (Gcl) between a circumferential reinforcing layer (145) and an inner-side belt ply (142) at a tire equatorial plane (CL), an inter-cord distance (Gcu) between the circumferential reinforcing layer (145) and an outer-side belt ply (143) at the tire equatorial plane (CL), an inter-cord distance (Gsl) between the circumferential reinforcing layer (145) and the inner-side belt ply (142) at end regions of the circumferential reinforcing layer (145), an inter-cord distance (Gsu) between the circumferential reinforcing layer (145) and the outer-side belt ply (143) at the end regions of the circumferential reinforcing layer (145) have a relationship such that 1.20?(Gcl+Gcu)/(Gsl+Gsu)?9.20.

Abstract: The reinforcing element (34) has a cross-section with a flattened overall shape having an aspect ratio greater than or equal to 5 and extending in a main direction (Z1). It comprises a lateral edge (46) made of a polymeric composition comprising a thermoplastic polymer, the lateral edge (46) extending in a general direction substantially parallel to the main direction. The reinforcing element (34) is such that R=(Uc?U1)/Uc>11%, where Uc is the average value of the microhardness of the reinforcing element (34) measured in its central part, and U1 is the average value of the microhardness of the reinforcing element (34) measured at its lateral edge (36). The lateral edge (46) does not have any ridges.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a tread rubber includes a recessed portion extending along a tire-circumferential direction, the recessed portion being placed at a position of a tire-outer surface superposed on an end of the belt portion or at a position of a tire-outer surface on an outer side in a tire-width direction than the former position of the tire-outer surface, an outer wound-up portion is placed closer to a belt portion than an inner wound-up portion, the outer wound-up portion is separated from the belt portion to prevent the outer wound-up portion from being superposed on the belt portion, and the outer wound-up portion is superposed on the recessed portion.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a tire (10) comprising a tread (11) provided with a base surface (14) and with a plurality of ribs (12), each rib (12) being provided with a front wall and a rear wall, and a shaped profile (15), wherein the shaped profile (15) has a section that defines at least one flat surface (17) of the shaped profile (15) which is parallel, or inclined at an angle ? up to 20°, to the surface of the head (16) of the rib and which is joined to the front wall of the rib (12) by means of a connecting surface (18), at least one sharp angle (19) of the shaped profile (15) and at least one front wall (23) of the shaped profile (15), which is joint to the base surface (14) of the tread (11) by means of a connecting surface (21).

Abstract: The tread includes over at least a first axial part (M) at least one wavy groove in a first direction and wavy grooves in a second direction. The wavy grooves in the second direction are connected to the wavy groove in the first direction. Over at least a second axial part (B) of the tread, at least one wavy groove continuous in a third direction, and wavy grooves continue in a fourth direction. The wavy grooves in the fourth direction are connected to the wavy groove in the third direction. When new, the open parts of the first axial part (M) are connected to one another, and the open parts of the second axial part (B) are not connected with one another. Beyond a part-wear condition, the open parts of the second axial part (B) are connected to one another, and the open parts of the first axial part (M) are not connected with one another.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a tread portion provided with main grooves and land potions. The main grooves include an outboard shoulder main groove, an inboard shoulder main groove and a central main groove disposed therebetween. The land portions include an outboard central land portion and an inboard central land portion. The outboard central land portion is provided with first central sipes with a width of less than 2 mm, and is not provided with any grooves with a width equal to or more than 2 mm. The inboard central land portion is provided with second central sipes with a width of less than 2 mm, and is not provided with any grooves with a width equal to or more than 2 mm. The inboard central land portion is greater than the outboard central land portion in axial width.

Abstract: A stud unit (3) and a device (1) for a studded tire. The stud unit comprises a housing (5) with a chamber (7) enclosing a medium, a stud (20) arranged at least partly inserted into the chamber so that it is affected by the medium. The stud is adapted to be moved depending on a change of the pressure of the medium in the chamber between a first position for a first pressure and a second position, where the second pressure is higher than the first pressure. In the second position a part of the stud protrudes further from the chamber than in the first position, The stud unit also contains a heating element (22) adapted to heat the medium so that the pressure in the chamber is adjusted between the first pressure and the second pressure.

Abstract: A stud pin includes a buried base portion embedded in a tread portion of a pneumatic tire and a tip portion protruding from the road contact surface of the tread portion when the buried base portion is embedded in the tread portion. A tip surface of the tip portion includes: a first protrusion portion and a second protrusion portion longer in the tire width direction than in the tire circumferential direction and protruding toward one side in the tire circumferential direction; a first recessed portion disposed between the first and second protrusion portions and recessed toward the other side in the tire circumferential direction; a third protrusion portion and a fourth protrusion portion protruding toward the other side in the tire circumferential direction; and a second recessed portion disposed between the third and fourth protrusion portions and recessed toward the one side in the tire circumferential direction.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a plurality of linear projections which are formed linearly from an edge portion over the edge portion, in at least a partial area on an outer surface of a side wall portion and a plurality of protruding portions which are formed linearly in the area. The protruding portion is arranged so that at least a part of the protruding portion is positioned between the linear projections, and the protruding portion intersects with the linear projection and the other protruding portion at one position or less.

Abstract: A tire pressure regulating device for adjusting, while driving, the tire pressures of vehicle wheels of a plurality of vehicle axles of a motor vehicle with pneumatic tires includes at least one switchover valve arranged on the vehicle chassis that can be controlled in an electromagnetic/pneumatic manner, a plurality of axle valves, each axle valve being arranged on the vehicle chassis for each vehicle axle and being controllable in an electromagnetic/pneumatic manner, a plurality of pressure-controlled wheel valves, each pressure-controlled wheel valve being arranged at a respective vehicle wheel, a pilot control valve arranged on the vehicle chassis and being controllable in a purely electromagnetic manner or in an electromagnetic/pneumatic manner, and a plurality of two-channel rotary couplings arranged between the vehicle axles and associated vehicle wheels and provided with switchable seals.

Abstract: A preliminary positioning method for a TPMS uses a receiver to receive a tire pressure signal, then obtains the ID code contained in the obtained tire pressure signal, then compares the ID code with the corresponding ID codes stored in the database, and defines the ID code as a known ID code, when the ID code is found to match with one of the corresponding ID codes prestored in the database. Repeating the above steps until the ID codes of all received tire pressure signals all have been compared. If the number of the known ID codes is equal to the number of the sensors, the known ID codes are designated as specific tires according to an indication of the respective tire pressure signals, so that the positioning function can be achieved in a short period of time.

Abstract: A wheel unit including an environmental pressure sensor, a non-volatile memory for storing a first program and a second program and configuration code, a processing unit for executing the programs, a communication module comprising a wireless transmitter for transmitting at least one parameter indicative of conditions within a tire and a wireless or wired receiver for loading the second program into the non-volatile memory and a battery for powering the wheel unit. The second program may be loaded to the memory by the first program and configured by the configuration code to operate within a specific TPM system.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a tire pressure estimating apparatus and a tire pressure estimating method thereof.

Abstract: A method for determining a temperature of a tire of a motor vehicle, specifically a temperature of an inner liner of the respective tire, having at least the following steps: a saturation temperature is determined for the inner liner of the respective tire as a function of an ambient temperature, as a function of a temperature of the inflation air of the respective tire and as a function of vehicle movement dynamics variables; the temperature of the inner liner of the respective tire is determined by integration as a function of the determined saturation temperature of the inner liner of the respective tire.

Abstract: The present invention regards a group for bead releasing a tyred wheel and/or for thrusting a portion of a tyre (T) of a tyred wheel (TW), and such group comprises a base, a supporting column rising from the base, a tool-supporting arm extending from the supporting column and a bead releasing and/or thrust tool supported by the tool-supporting arm.

Abstract: A method of modeling a tire includes providing a tire having a first tire design, rotating the tire under a vertical load, and measuring a plurality of forces at a plurality of selected conditions. The method further includes using a computer to plot the plurality of forces against the plurality of conditions, using the computer to plot a plurality of moments against the plurality of conditions, and using the computer to fit a first force curve to the plurality of plotted forces at the plurality of conditions, such that the first force curve is asymmetric. The method also includes using the computer to fit a first moment curve to the plurality of plotted moments at the plurality of conditions, evaluating the first force curve and the first moment curve, and making a second tire design based on the evaluation of the first force curve and the first moment curve.

Abstract: A pin box is provided having a removable and reversible hitch. The removable hitch has a kingpin end and a ball end. The pin box has a skid plate with an aperture with a receiver that can receive and affix the removable hitch. The skid plate is reinforced to the receiver to carry the load when the ball end of the removable hitch is being used. A pin is slidable between a locked position where the removable hitch is retained and an unlocked position where the removable hitch is removable. The pin extends through an aperture in the removable hitch to affix the removable hitch to the pin box.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a system, method, and device related to data collection and communication related to after-market and external vehicle systems, such as towing systems, cargo carrying systems, trailer breakaway systems, brake systems, braking control systems, and the like. Data is sensed, processed, shared, and further leveraged throughout the discrete components of the system, and possibly via internet and other communications' links, to effect various beneficial actions with minimal driver/user interaction or intervention. In the same manner, data from the system may be used for diagnostic reasons, safety controls, and other purposes.

Abstract: A towing vehicle includes a vehicle body, a coupling device provided in a rear portion of the vehicle body, and an inching control switch located at a position in the rear portion of the vehicle body shifted from a center of the rear portion of the vehicle body in a vehicle width direction. The vehicle body has a mount surface provided adjacent to a rear corner thereof. The mount surface is exposed to the outside and the inching control switch projects from the mount surface to the outside of the vehicle. The mount surface extends at an angle with respect to the vehicle width direction. A part of the mount surface that is closest to the center of the rear portion in the vehicle width direction is located rearward of the other part of the mount surface that is most distant from the center of the rear portion.

Abstract: A gladhand electrical connectivity towing system couples electrical wiring from a towing vehicle to a towed vehicle through a quick and easy gladhand coupling operation between a pigtail and a vehicle mount. The system provides a pigtail that detachably couples to a vehicle mount through a tool-free, 20°-25° rotation, gladhand-type connection between male and female gladhand couplers. Two aligning gladhand couplers and one stabilizing gladhand coupler mate. The pigtail and vehicle mount include electrical interfaces that align and engage to conduct electricity from the towing vehicle to the towed vehicle. The electrical interfaces have lips and multiple apertures, with the lips forming a sealed interface to protect against moisture and debris. Multiple first conduction members are fitted into apertures in the electrical interfaces to conduct electricity from the power source of the towing vehicle to the towed vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus for coupling a trailing arm may include a carrier having defining an open space on one side thereof, a trailing arm, one end of which includes an extension inclined at a predetermined angle and inserted into the space, and an assist arm, an end of which is inserted into the space and positioned on one side of the extension, in which the extension and the end of the assist arm inserted into the space may be integrally coupled to the carrier.

Abstract: A coupling structure includes a hollow rod section formed of a metal pipe and fastening sections formed by plastic deformation of the metal pipe so as to be connected with end sections of the hollow rod section. The fastening section includes a pair of base end sections which are each connected with a peripheral wall section forming a closed cross-section at the end section of the hollow rod section, and are separated from each other, and a bottom wall including a flat surface connected with the pair of the base end sections, and a pair of front end sections including a pair of side walls curving inwards from at least widthwise end sections of the bottom wall on a base end section side.

Abstract: An elastomer coupling for an electromechanical actuator, having a drive part and a driven part, wherein either the drive part or the driven part has multiple radially outwardly extending webs arranged so as to be distributed about an axis of rotation, and the respective other part has radially inwardly extending webs arranged on the inner side of a tubular body, wherein a radially inwardly and a radially outwardly extending web engage into one another and form a pocket in which there is received an elastic molded body produced from an elastomer, wherein, in at least one pocket, there is received a spring element which generates a pretensioning force, which spring element is attached either to an inwardly extending or to an outwardly extending web and is spring-loaded against an adjacent web.

Abstract: A suspension device for a vehicle includes a spring device disposed between a sprung member and an unsprung member of a vehicle and allowing a relative displacement between the sprung member and the unsprung member. The spring constant k2c of the spring device when the spring device is deformed in the direction in which the spring device contracts with respect to the predetermined reference length is configured to be smaller than the spring constant k2e of the spring device when the spring device is deformed in the direction in which the spring device expands with respect to the predetermined reference length. Consequently, it is possible to obtain a characteristic opposite to the spring characteristic of the seat, and as a result, ride quality can be improved.

Abstract: The twist axle assembly includes a pair of spaced apart trailing arms and a twist beam of which extends in a first direction between the trailing arms. The twist beam includes a pair of end portions and a middle portion. The twist beam further has a pair of side walls and at least one additional wall that extends between the side walls. The side walls in the middle portion are generally parallel with the side walls of the end portions. The twist beam is generally hour-glass shaped with the middle portion having a first width and the end portions have a greater second width. The twist beam also tapers from the first width of the middle portion to the second widths of the end portions for gradually increasing a torsional stiffness from the middle portion to the end portions.

Abstract: A rescue vehicle (2) includes a chassis (4), a drive unit (6) fastened to the chassis (4) and a driver's cab (8), which is fastened to the chassis (4). The chassis (4) is arranged behind the driver's cab (8) in a longitudinal direction L of the rescue vehicle (2). The rescue cab (10) has a gas-tight configuration. The rescue cab (10) has at least one door (12) as an access to the interior (14) of the rescue cab (10). The rescue vehicle (2) has an air supply unit (16), which is configured to supply the interior (14) of the rescue cab (10) with breathing air.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for controlling an air conditioning compressor clutch. In one example, a method includes monitoring a clutch of an air conditioning system in a vehicle when the air conditioning system is activated, and responsive to determining that the clutch is not engaged, increasing a current flow to the clutch. In this way, engagement of the compressor clutch may be dynamically maintained with a reduced usage of electrical power.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for removing gas from a vehicle storage unit. The apparatus includes at least one memory and a processor(s) detecting air being drawn, via an exhaust unit, from the front of a vehicle storage space to a rear of the vehicle storage space and through a ventilation unit forcing the air including emitted gas(es) to exit a top of the ventilation unit. The air is initially directed, from a supply unit in an upper part of the ventilation unit, into the rear of the vehicle storage space to the front of the vehicle storage space. The items emitted the gas. The computer program code may further cause the apparatus to measure the gas as the air passes through the ventilation unit to determine whether the measured gas equals or is below a predetermined threshold. Corresponding computer program products and methods are also provided.

Abstract: A vehicle air-conditioning device includes: a first coolant-water circulation path in which coolant water passes through an engine; a second coolant-water circulation path that is communicated with the first coolant-water circulation path and in which the coolant water passes through a vehicle-cabin radiator; a shutting off mechanism that shuts off, when switched to a shut-off state, the communication between the first coolant-water circulation path and the second coolant-water circulation path; and a refrigeration cycle.