Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for cleaning materials, such as flooring and upholstery. In some cases, the systems and methods use an electrolytic cell to electrolyze a solution comprising sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium acetate, sodium percarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and/or any other suitable chemical to generate electrolyzed alkaline water and/or electrolyzed oxidizing water. In some cases, the cell comprises a recirculation loop that recirculates anolyte through an anode compartment of the cell. In some cases, the cell further comprises a senor and a processor, where the processor is configured to automatically change an operation of the cell, based on a reading from the sensor. In some cases, a fluid flows past a magnet before entering the cell. In some additional cases, fluid from the cell is conditioned by being split into multiple conduits that run in proximity to each other. Additional implementations are described.

Abstract: An electrolyzed water generation device is provided with a first flow passage delivering electrolyzed water generated in one of first polar chamber and second polar chamber of an electrolytic chamber, a second flow passage delivering electrolyzed water generated in the other one of the first polar chamber and second polar chamber, a double autochange crossline valve in which a flow rate regulating valve 74 and a flow passage switching valve 85 are interlocked, a polarity switching unit 51 switching the polarities of a first power feeder 41 and a second power feeder 42, and a determination unit 52 determining the switching timing of the polarity switching unit 51 and the flow passage switching valve 85. The determination unit 52 determines that the switching timing arrives when a predetermined time passes without detecting water supply to the electrolytic chamber after electrolysis is performed by a predetermined number of times or more in the electrolytic chamber without the polarities being switched.

Abstract: A calcium fluoride precipitation inhibitor is added to waste water containing sulfuric acid, fluorine (fluoride ions and hydrogen fluoride) and heavy metal ions to generate pretreated water. A calcium compound is added to the pretreated water to generate a first insolubilized product at a pH of less than 5, followed by solid-liquid separation. A calcium compound is added to a first separated water after the solid-liquid separation to generate a second insolubilized product at a pH of 3 to 7 (provided that the pH is a pH higher than in the first reaction step), followed by solid-liquid separation. An alkali is added to a second separated water after the solid-liquid separation to give a pH of 8 or more, thereby generating a third insolubilized product, followed by solid-liquid separation.

Abstract: A combined sedimentation tank including a flocculation tank, a transition zone and a sedimentation tank which are sequentially connected along a direction that water flows. The sedimentation tank includes a sloping plate zone and a horizontal flow zone. The length of the sloping plate zone is a quarter of the total length of the sedimentation tank. A return pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sloping plate zone. Some of sludge in the sloping plate zone is returned to the flocculation tank through the return pipe to increase the concentration of the suspended solids in the flocculation tank, thereby forming the sediments.

Abstract: A method for improved anaerobic digestion is presented. The method includes mixing a volume of waste material with water to form a feedstock mixture. The volume of waste material includes an initial amount of biomass and the feedstock mixture includes methanogenic bacteria either naturally present in the waste material or introduced artificially. The method also includes introducing one or more promoter substances to the feedstock mixture. The one or more promoter substances are capable of modifying the methanogenic bacteria. Modifying includes stimulating novel enzyme production in the methanogenic bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for flocculating and dewatering an aqueous mineral suspension. Said process comprises mixing a powdered poly(ethylene oxide) (co)polymer with the aqueous mineral suspension. Said method is particularly useful for the treatment of suspensions of particulate material, especially waste mineral slurries, especially for the treatment of tailings and other waste material resulting from mineral processing, in particular, the processing of oil sands tailings.

Abstract: A glass melt delivery system vessel has at least one sidewall and floor made of a refractory material, such as zirconia, and at least one electrode extending through the refractory material. The at least one electrode is configured to heat a glass melt in contact with the refractory material at an average temperature of at least about 1600 C° without exceeding a breakdown condition of the refractory material in contact with the glass melt.

Abstract: A glass bending apparatus configured to at least partially bend glass in a first direction includes a first mold and guide blocks. The first mold includes guide block insert holes. The guide blocks are respectively inserted into the guide block insert holes. The guide blocks are spaced apart from each other in a second direction intersecting the first direction.

Abstract: A method and/or system for reducing glass failures following tempering from inclusions, such as nickel sulfide based inclusions. During at least part of a cooling down period of a thermal tempering process, additional energy is directed at inclusion(s), such as nickel sulfide based inclusion(s), in the glass. The glass may be soda-lime-silica based float glass. The additional energy may be in the form of, for example, visible and/or infrared (IR) light from at least one light source that is directed toward the nickel sulfide based inclusion(s).

Abstract: Glass compositions suitable for fiber forming having low levels of Li2O and glass fibers having high-modulus are disclosed. The glass composition may include SiO2 from about 59 to about 63 weight percent, Al2O3 from about 13.7 to about 16 weight percent, CaO from about 14 to about 16.5 weight percent, MgO from about 6 to about 8.5 weight percent, Fe2O3 less than 1 weight percent, and TiO2 less than 1 weight percent. In some cases, the composition may be substantially free of Li2O. In some cases, the composition may include Li2O up to 0.5 weight percent. In some cases, RE2O3 may be present in the composition in an amount up to 1.5 weight percent. The glass compositions can be used to form glass fibers which can be incorporated into a variety of other fiber glass products (e.g., strands, rovings, fabrics, etc.) and incorporated into various composites.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a glass may include from about 50 mol. % to about 70 mol. % SiO2; from about 12 mol. % to about 35 mol. % B2O3; from about 4 mol. % to about 12 mol. % Al2O3; greater than 0 mol. % and less than or equal to 1 mol. % alkali metal oxide, wherein Li2O is greater than or equal to about 20% of the alkali metal oxide; from about 0.3 mol. % to about 0.7 mol. % of Na2O or Li2O; and greater than 0 mol. % and less than 12 mol. % of total divalent oxide, wherein the total divalent oxide includes at least one of CaO, MgO and SrO, and wherein a ratio of Li2O (mol. %) to (Li2O (mol. %)+(Na2O (mol. %)) is greater than or equal 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.6. The glass may have a relatively low high temperature resistivity and a relatively high low temperature resistivity.

Abstract: Provided is a production method for a film laminate by which a tough film can be bonded to a brittle film while the breakage of the brittle film is prevented. The production method for a film laminate of the present invention includes bonding a tough film having an elongated shape to a brittle film having an elongated shape while conveying the brittle film, wherein the method includes bonding the tough film and the brittle film to each other by bringing the tough film close to the brittle film, followed by blowing of a gas from a side of the tough film opposite to the brittle film.

Abstract: An architectural transparency includes a substrate; a first dielectric layer over at least a portion of the substrate, a first metallic layer over the first dielectric layer, a first primer layer over the first metallic layer, a second dielectric layer over the first primer layer, a second metallic layer over the second dielectric layer, a second primer layer over the second metallic layer, a third dielectric layer over the second primer layer, a third metallic layer over the third dielectric layer, a third primer layer over the third dielectric layer, and a fourth dielectric layer over the third primer layer. At least one of the metallic layers is a subcritical metallic layer.

Abstract: A coated article includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer having discontinuous metallic regions, a primer over the subcritical layer, and a second dielectric layer over the primer layer. The primer can be a nickel-chromium alloy. The primer can be a multilayer primer having a first layer of a nickel-chromium alloy and a second layer of titania.

Abstract: A glass substrate includes on a face a water-insoluble polymeric temporary protective layer intended to be removed by heat treatment during a processing operation, and an enamel layer that has a mixture of glass frit, inorganic pigments and organic components that is deposited on at least one portion of the protective layer. The enamel has a glass transition temperature Tg above the temperature Tc60%, defined as being the temperature at which 60% of the initial weight of the protective layer is consumed, a maximum shrinkage measured by thermomechanical analysis between 450° C. and 650° C. greater than 20%, a difference between the inflection point temperature Tinflection and the glass transition temperature Tg less than 60° C., the inflection point temperature being defined as being the temperature at which the rate of displacement measured by thermomechanical analysis of the enamel is maximum, and a content of inorganic pigments less than 35% by weight.

Abstract: Chemically tempered lithium aluminosilicate glasses and methods of tempering are provided. The method allows fast tempering at moderate temperatures, which leads to a deep zone of surface tension with a high level of surface tension.

Abstract: Strengthened glass substrates and methods of reducing warp in strengthened glass substrates having 3D and 2.5D shapes are disclosed. In one embodiment, a strengthened glass-based article includes a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, and an edge between the first surface and the second surface. The edge is asymmetric with respect to a plane that is located at an average depth of the strengthened glass-based article and is parallel to the first surface and the second surface. The strengthened glass-based article has an expected warp WE based at least in part on a shape of the asymmetric edge of the strengthened glass-based article. An actual warp WA of the strengthened glass-based article is less than 85% of the expected warp metric WE of the strengthened glass-based article. The actual warp WA of the strengthened glass-based article is measured with a concave surface facing up.

Abstract: A method and a device for encasing gemstones, such as diamonds, in glass. In order for their optical effects and appearance to be maximized, the gemstones are placed at a defined position and at a defined orientation. A suction cannula is provided for that purpose with an opening to fit the gemstone and to hold the gemstone by vacuum. Guide elements, such as spirals or meshes, are carried on the suction cannula so as to assure even distancing from the walls of the glass tube into which the gemstone is inserted.

Abstract: Process for producing a thermally insulating mixture comprising hydrophobic silica, in which a) a pulverulent carrier material selected from the group consisting of precipitated silicas, SiO2 aerogels, pearlites and mixtures thereof is coated with a liquid silicon compound, where the liquid silicon compound has at least one alkyl group and a boiling point of less than 200° C., and b) the pulverulent carrier material that has thus been coated with the liquid silicon compound is mixed with a composition comprising a pulverulent hydrophilic fumed silica and the mixture is subjected to thermal treatment at more than 40° C. and c) any unreacted silicon compound is subsequently removed from the thermally treated mixture, thus giving the thermally insulating mixture comprising hydrophobic silica.

Abstract: The invention relates to an unsaturated polyester resin of low molecular weight which is useful for the preparation of engineered stone. When mixing the unsaturated polyester resin with a fine inorganic particulate material such as cristobalite, a formable composition is obtained that can be further processed and cured to finally yield engineered stone as composite material. The invention also relates to a method for the preparation of engineered stone as well as to the use of the unsaturated polyester resin for the preparation of engineered stone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a modified geopolymer and a modified geopolymer composite comprising additive. The additive is preferably an athermanous additive. The modification is with one or more water-soluble compounds, the water-soluble compound is preferably selected from phosphorus compounds, nitrogen compounds, copper compounds, silver compounds, zinc compounds, tin compounds and magnesium compounds. Also, it relates to compositions which contain the modified geopolymer or modified geopolymer composite. The compositions preferably comprise vinyl aromatic polymer and are in the form of a foam.

Abstract: The invention is the development of new and unique formulations and mixtures along with unique and improved manufacturing processes for a clear departure for all manufacturing processes in which calcium silicate or cement-based formulations and mixtures are commonly utilized in manufacturing fire liner panel systems of the prior art. The invention serves the current fire protection/training industry with new and unique formulations and mixtures along with improved manufacturing processes that produce a fire liner panels system with enhanced performance characteristics which are unparalleled teachings not present, nor found in any of the prior art.

Abstract: The invention is the development of new and unique formulations and mixtures along with unique and improved manufacturing processes for a clear departure for all manufacturing processes in which cement-based formulations and mixtures are commonly utilized in manufacturing SIPS of the prior art and or the teachings of the poured/casted/formed cement based formulations/mixtures and manufacturing processes of the prior art of building/construction industry. The invention serves the current building/construction industry with new and unique formulations and mixtures along with unique and improved manufacturing processes that produce SIPS with enhanced performance characteristics which are unparalleled teachings not present, nor found in any of the prior art.

Abstract: Provided is a cement composition that has high fluidity (for example, a 0-drop flow value of 200 mm or more) before curing and exhibits high compressive strength (for example, 320 N/mm2 or more) after curing. The cement composition includes a cement, a silica fume having a BET specific surface area of from 10 m2/g to 25 m2/g, an inorganic powder having a 50% cumulative particle size of from 0.8 ?m to 5 ?m, a fine aggregate having a maximum particle size of 1.2 mm or less, a water reducing agent, an antifoaming agent, and water. The ratio of the cement is from 55 vol % to 65 vol %, the ratio of the silica fume is from 5 vol % to 25 vol %, and the ratio of the inorganic powder is from 15 vol % to 35 vol % in the total amount of 100 vol % of the cement, the silica fume, and the inorganic powder.

Abstract: A multi-component mortar system including a component A and a component B wherein, component A includes aluminous cement, at least one set inhibitor, at least one mineral filler and water, and component B includes an initiator system for the set-inhibited aluminous cement, at least one mineral filler and water. The multi-component mortar system is easy to use and suitable for repair and refurbishment and particularly for printing 3D structures.

Abstract: A refractory object may include a zircon body that may include at least about 0.1 wt. % and not greater than about 5.5 wt. % of an Al2O3 containing component for a total weight of the zircon body. The zircon body may further include at least about 25 wt. % and not greater than about 35 wt. % of a SiO2 component for a total weight of the zircon body.

Abstract: A chamber component for a processing chamber comprises a ceramic body consisting of a sintered ceramic material consisting essentially of one or more phase of Y2O3—ZrO2. The ceramic material consists essentially of 55-65 mol % Y2O3 and 35-45 mol % ZrO2.

Abstract: A transparent ceramic material is manufactured by molding a source powder into a compact, the source powder comprising a rare earth oxide consisting of at least 40 mol % of terbium oxide and the balance of another rare earth oxide, and a sintering aid, sintering the compact at a temperature T (1,300° C.?T?1,650° C.) by heating from room temperature to T1 (1200° C.?T1?T) at a rate of at least 100° C./h, and optionally heating from T1 at a rate of 1-95° C./h, and HIP treating the sintered compact at 1,300-1,650° C. The ceramic material has improved diffuse transmittance in the visible region and functions as a magneto-optical part in a broad visible to NIR region.

Abstract: Disclosed is provision of a ceramic coat having an excellent low-particle generation as well as a method for assessing the low-particle generation of the ceramic coat. A composite structure including a substrate and a structure which is formed on the substrate and has a surface, wherein the structure includes a polycrystalline ceramic and the composite structure has luminance Sa satisfying a specific value calculated from a TEM image analysis thereof, can be suitably used as an inner member of a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus required to have a low-particle generation.

Abstract: A method for producing an oriented AlN sintered body includes a first step of preparing a formed body by forming a mixture obtained by mixing a sintering aid with an AlN raw-material powder containing a plate-like AlN powder whose plate surface is a c-plane and which has an aspect ratio of 3 or more and an average thickness of 0.05 to 1.8 ?m, wherein the mixture is formed such that the plate surface of the plate-like AlN powder is disposed along a surface of the formed body; and a second step of obtaining an oriented AlN sintered body by subjecting the formed body to hot-press sintering in a non-oxidizing atmosphere while applying a pressure to the surface of the formed body.

Abstract: Moulded insulation bodies, processes for the production thereof and use thereof consisting essentially of ceramic material comprising SiO2 fibers and Al2O3 fibers which has been produced using Al2O3 sol as a binder and kilned at a temperature of above 800° C. for insulation of the ends of cracking tubes of a tubular reactor for performing a steam reforming process for generating synthesis gas which project out of the reactor heating space.

Abstract: A ceramic composite material comprises a ceramic compound, a plurality of shaping particles dispersed in the ceramic compound, and a plurality void spaces dispersed in the ceramic compound. The plurality of shaping particles are contained within the plurality of void spaces, and each of the plurality of void spaces is a closed cell. The plurality of shaping particles also comprise nanostructures have a length to diameter ratio of less than or equal to 10 to 1 and a length of less than or equal to 500 nanometers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a concrete protective agent and a preparation method thereof, and a concrete protective film and a preparation method thereof. The concrete protective agent provided in the present invention includes the following components: water, oxalic acid, a defoaming agent, and a film-forming agent. When the concrete protective agent provided in the present invention is used for concrete protection, oxalic acid in the protective agent can react with calcium ions in concrete for in situ generation of calcium oxalate monohydrate inside and on a surface of concrete to obtain a protective film with strong adhesion to concrete. The film-forming agent in the protective agent is used as a template to adjust and control growth of calcium oxalate crystals, so as to improve waterproof performance and corrosion resistance to sulfate and chloride ions of the protective film. Preparation methods provided in the present invention are simple and practical and are suitable for mass production.

Abstract: The glaze is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: Fire Clay 10%-25%, Feldspar 30%-40%, Sand 30%-40%, Calcium Silicate 8%-12%, Graphane (i.e., disordered crystalline and hydrogenated double bounded Carbon) 5%-15% or C-doped Boron Nitride (CBN) 5%-15%, various metal oxides as pigments and water. This glaze is applied on the standard glazing operation in the ceramic insulator manufacturing process and is fired in a controlled inert-gas atmosphere.

Abstract: A novel carbon-based material (abbreviated N-FCN) composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen and application thereof. The raw materials of the novel carbon-based material are derived from natural or simple inorganic matter which provide the four elements of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. A composite organic matter is formed at low voltage and low energy and comprises a carbon base in graphite structure, at least one or more composite organic functional groups and an organic small molecule, wherein at least two or more amino acids may be detected in the organic small molecule. The novel carbon-based material may induce an active response of an omanism. After a trace amount of the novel carbon-based material is released into a biological growth environment, the organism will actively respond to the novel carbon-based material.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides robust fertilizer particles suitable for fertigation. A composition comprising mineral oil, primary alkylamines and water-insoluble particles may coat fertilizer particles and make them suitable for fertigation. Furthermore, the coated particles display reduced dusting tendency. The coating composition may be applied as a thin, single, continuous layer covering the particle core. The coating may avoid surface film problems when the particles are dissolved in water, even if the very hydrophobic mineral oil is less dense than water. It may be counterintuitive to include water-insoluble particles in a fertilizer particle for fertigation, however the claimed particles may be dissolved to make a fertigation solution that avoid problems in tanks, nozzles and piping of the fertigation systems.

Abstract: Capsules comprising benzylpropargylethers for use as nitrification inhibitors. The capsules include a core and a shell and may further include a matrix. When including a core and a shell, the core includes benzylpropargylether compounds and the shell includes a shell material. When including a core, a shell, and a matrix, the matrix includes benzylpropargylether compounds and a matrix material. The disclosure further relates to methods of reducing nitrification using the capsules.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for forming an oligomer product comprising (a) introducing into a reaction zone (i) ethylene; (ii) a heteroatomic ligand metal salt complex comprising a heteroatomic ligand complexed to a first metal salt; (iii) a second metal salt wherein an equivalent molar ratio of the second metal salt to the heteroatomic ligand of the heteroatomic ligand metal salt complex is at least 0.5:1 and where the second metal salt is an iron salt, a cobalt salt, or any combination thereof; (iv) an organoaluminum compound; and (b) forming an oligomer product. Also disclosed herein is a process comprising (a) introducing into a reaction zone (i) ethylene; (ii) a heteroatomic ligand; (iii) a metal salt where an equivalent molar ratio of the metal salt to the heteroatomic ligand is at least 1.5:1; (iv) an organoaluminum compound; and (b) forming an oligomer product.

Abstract: Methods of forming propylene and alkylate are provided. The methods may include providing a stream that includes n-butenes, and contacting the stream with ethylene in the presence of a disproportionation catalyst to form a stream that includes propylene. Propylene then may be removed from the stream, and the stream may be disposed in an alkylation unit to form alkylate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing highly pure chlorinated alkane in which a chlorinated alkene is contacted with chlorine in a reaction zone to produce a reaction mixture containing the chlorinated alkane and the chlorinated alkene, and extracting a portion of the reaction mixture from the reaction zone, wherein the molar ratio of chlorinated alkane:chlorinated alkene in the reaction mixture extracted from the reaction zone does not exceed 95:5.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing (Z)-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene where (E)-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene and water can be efficiently removed and (Z)-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene with higher purity can be obtained at a higher recovery ratio. The method for producing (Z)-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene includes: distilling a distillation composition which contains (Z)-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene, (E)-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene and water to remove (E)-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene and water as an azeotropic composition or an azeotropic-like composition.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene, whereby it is possible to efficiently remove 1-chloro-3,3-difluoro-1-propyne and/or an oxide from a composition comprising 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene. A method for producing 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene, in which a composition comprising 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene and at least one member selected from 1-chloro-3,3-difluoro-1-propyne and an oxide, is brought into contact with a basic aqueous solution to remove said at least one member selected from 1-chloro-3,3-difluoro-1-propyne and an oxide, from the composition.

Abstract: Continuous processes for making ethylene glycol form aldohexose-yielding carbohydrates are disclosed which enhance the selectivity to ethylene glycol.

Abstract: Methods of preparing Pt/SrTiO3 photocatalysts comprising strontium titanate nanoparticles and platinum doped on a surface of the strontium titanate nanoparticles are described. Processes of oxidizing cycloalkanes to cycloalkanols and/or cycloalkanones by employing the Pt/SrTiO3 photocatalysts are specified. A method for recycling the photocatalyst is also provided.

Abstract: An automated production line for preparing cannabidiol (CBD) extracts is disclosed. The production line comprises sequentially a solvent dispensing tank, an extraction tank, a first concentration tank, a dilution tank, a filter, a second concentration tank, a chromatography column and a crystallization device. Each of these elements is connected to and controlled by a central controller. The controller can control the operation of these elements such that one element may operate independently of the other. Hence, each of these elements may operate for a sufficient period of time to allow the completion of the particular CBD production step carried out by that particular element. The amount of operations by humans may be reduced, thereby increasing the production efficiency.

Abstract: Methods and systems for producing alkyl hydroxyalkanoate from hydroxy carboxylic acid recovery bottoms. The methods generally comprise the steps of obtaining a hydroxy carboxylic acid recovery bottom, adding a mono-alcohol to the hydroxy carboxylic acid recovery bottom to obtain a first mixture, heating the first mixture in the presence of a catalyst to form a reaction product, distilling the reaction product, and recovering an alkyl hydroxyalkanoate fraction.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) and novel uses of compounds of formula (I), such as for flavour compositions. New preparations and new methods using compounds of formula (I).

Abstract: A precursor compound of a fragrant aldehyde is provided, as well as a method of forming such a compound, a kit comprising said compound, and certain uses thereof. The precursor compound has formula (I), wherein A is a hydrocarbon residue of a fragrant aldehyde A-CHO; and X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of a nitrile, a keto, and an ester functional group. One such precursor compound is ethyl 2-acetyl-4-methyltridec-2-enoate enriched in its Z-isomer, which is a thermally stable precursor of 2-methyl undecanal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for synthesizing amino acids or amino acid derivatives involving cross metathesis of functionalized olefins and a tandem amination-reduction process. Amino acids and amino acid derivatives present many interesting physical and chemical properties finding many uses in the automotive, fuel, electronic, and textile industries.

Abstract: Personal care compositions, such as oral care and skin care compositions containing a flavor/perfume system comprising one or more coolants. The pleasant cool sensation provided by a coolant is enhanced in terms of quicker onset, greater intensity, impact or longer duration, which improves appeal and acceptability of the compositions to consumers.