Abstract: A vehicle control device includes an engine, and a motor that is driven by power to be supplied from a battery, the vehicle control device controlling a vehicle that uses at least one of engine output and motor output as a driving force. The vehicle control device includes a regeneration control and a downhill-acceleration control unit. The regeneration control unit causes the motor to perform regeneration on a downhill. The downhill-acceleration control unit performs downhill acceleration control for causing, in a specific zone on the downhill, the vehicle to travel at increased speed without allowing the vehicle to use the engine output as drive output, and without causing the motor to perform the regeneration.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing vibrations of a two-cylinder engine for a hybrid electric vehicle includes a reference signal generator for generating a first reference signal and a first reference phase, a speed calculator for calculating a speed of the motor based on the position of the motor, a vibration extractor for extracting a first vibration signal based on the speed of the motor, a variable filter, a filter coefficient updater, a phase calculator, a phase shift compensator, a synchronization signal generator for generating a first synchronization signal synchronized with the first vibration signal based on a first reference phase transferred from the reference signal generator, the second phase difference transferred from the phase calculator and the first compensation value transferred from the phase shift compensator, an inverse phase signal generator, and a torque generator for generating a final command torque based on the first inverse phase signal.

Abstract: A vehicle traveling control method includes determining a driver's intention for acceleration during vehicle traveling, predicting, when a determination is made that the driver has no intention for acceleration, which is superior between a first fuel consumption reduction effect by inertial traveling and a second fuel consumption reduction effect by deceleration energy regeneration, the inertial traveling making the vehicle travel, with power transmission disconnected between an engine and a drive wheel of the vehicle, and the deceleration energy regeneration inputting rotational power of the drive wheel of the vehicle to an electric motor, and performing inertial traveling when a prediction is made that the first fuel consumption reduction effect by inertial traveling is superior to the second fuel consumption reduction effect by deceleration energy regeneration.

Abstract: When an accelerator is turned on in a braking state in which the accelerator is turned off during predetermined traveling and a braking torque is output from a first motor to a drive shaft via a planetary gear set with negative rotation of the first motor and with a counter electromotive voltage of the first motor higher than a voltage of power lines on a high voltage side, a step-up and step-down converter and an engine are controlled such that a voltage of the power lines on the high voltage side increases and a rotation speed of the first motor increases in comparison with a case in which the accelerator is turned off.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle start control device is provided for a hybrid vehicle that ensures an EV reverse starting intended by a driver, even when an engagement command is issued to an engagement clutch that selects an ICE gear shift stage, when carrying out EV reverse starting. In this hybrid vehicle, a multistage gear transmission includes an EV shift actuator that selects an EV gear shift stage, and ICE shift actuators that select an ICE gear shift stage. A starting controller operates the EV electric actuator to select EV 1st of the multistage gear transmission at a time of starting, and that carries out an EV starting using the first motor/generator. At a time of an EV reverse starting, the starting controller carries out a control to the operating positions of the ICE shift actuators that prevent the selection of the ICE gear shift stage by the ICE shift actuators.

Abstract: A control method of a hybrid vehicle capable of increasing regenerative braking efficiency by controlling an operating point of an electric motor includes steps of determining, by a hybrid control unit (HCU), a first torque for an generation mode operation of an electric motor, determining, by the HCU, whether the first torque and a speed of the electric motor correspond to an operating point for achieving charge of a battery through the generation mode operation, and, upon determining that the first torque and the speed of the electric motor correspond to an operating point at which the charge of the battery is disabled, changing, by the HCU, the first torque into a second torque that corresponds to an operating point at which the charge of the battery is achieved.

Abstract: A method for starting a combustion engine fitted to a hybrid or dual-mode motor vehicle includes starting an additional motor upon a setpoint torque demanded by a driver of the vehicle, with a view to accelerating the vehicle beyond a threshold speed at which the combustion engine is driven beyond a stalling speed threshold when the combustion engine is mechanically coupled to wheels of the vehicle.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle travel control device which simultaneously achieves the behavioral stability of a vehicle and the continuity of travel assistance during vehicle travel assistance. The setting range of controlled variable to an actuator in travel assistance control is limited on the basis of the information having higher priority among road type information and road shape information. Thus, compared to when the setting range of the control variable is determined on the basis of only the road type information or the road shape information, it is possible to suppress excessive limitations on the applicable range/duration time of travel assistance.

Abstract: The vehicle system includes a position sensor programmed to output a distance signal representing a distance of a primary parked vehicle to a boundary. The vehicle system further includes a processor programmed to receive a parking request and determine a moving distance that is based at least in part on the distance to the boundary and an amount of space the primary parked vehicle requires to exit a parking space.

Abstract: A vehicle that includes a side-view mirror, at least one sensor disposed in the side-view mirror, and configured to transmit a signal to an object, and to receive a signal reflected from the object is provided. The vehicle further includes a controller that generates driving information based on the signal received by the sensor. The controller corrects distortion of the signal generated by the side-view mirror to generate the driving information. Accordingly, space recognition and obstacle detection for the surrounding environment of the vehicle is capable of being performed using the three dimension sensor.

Abstract: A first off-network wireless device discovers a second off-network wireless device and a third off-network wireless device. The first off-network wireless device transmits first media traffic employing a first session to the third off-network wireless device. The first off-network wireless device receives a floor request message from the second off-network wireless device. The floor request message comprises an organization field identifier and an organization identifier. The first off-network wireless device determines a call priority based on the organization field identifier and the organization identifier. Based on the call priority, transmission of the first media traffic to the third off-network wireless device is terminated. The first off-network wireless device starts transmission of second media traffic to the second off-network wireless device employing a second session.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and arrangement for monitoring and adapting the performance of a fusion system of an autonomous road vehicle. A drivable area is determined by combining a localization function and high density map data. Information on surrounding objects is determined, comprising determining the localization and classifying the surrounding objects, estimating their physical property states, and assigning them extension descriptions. Information on the drivable area and surrounding objects is condensed into observed areas, monitored by sensors of the environmental perception function with a predetermined degree of certainty, and prioritized objects, represented by classes, state estimates and extension descriptions.

Abstract: A work machine includes a vehicular controller, an IMU, an IMU controller, a hydrostatic transmission, and an operator control. The machine can move a commanded machine motion that includes movement of the machine from a first position to a second position or movement of a linkage relative to a chassis. The vehicular controller predicts an acceleration based on the commanded machine motion and communicates the predicted acceleration from the vehicular controller to the IMU controller. The IMU measures a current acceleration and the IMU controller determines an adjusted acceleration from the combination of the predicted acceleration and the current acceleration. The adjusted acceleration is communicated from the IMU controller to the vehicular controller for use by the vehicular controller. The two-way communication between the IMU controller and the vehicular controller continues while the machine is in motion for a more accurate determination of the acceleration and location of the machine.

Abstract: In a steer by wire and idle stop vehicle, idle stop conditions for invoking an idle stop operation include that the traveling speed of the vehicle has fallen below a first value (10 km/h). When the vehicle speed is lower than the first value but higher than a second value (5 km/h), a steering actuator control unit 44 executes a position keep control whereby a steering motor 29 is electrically braked, and a reaction force actuator control unit 43 operates a reaction force motor 26 as a dynamic brake. When the vehicle speed has fallen below the second value in the idle stop operation, the steering motor control unit terminates the position keep control.

Abstract: A method for controlling a motor torque in an electric vehicle, includes the steps of: (a) determining a driving condition of the vehicle; (b) determining whether or not a predetermined limiting condition for a creep torque increase rate is satisfied when it is determined that the vehicle is decelerating in step (a); and (c) limiting the creep torque increase rate when the limiting condition for a creep torque increase rate is satisfied, and applying a creep torque of which the increase rate has been limited.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program wherein the apparatus comprises: processing circuitry; and memory circuitry including computer program code; the memory circuitry and the computer program code configured to, with the processing circuitry, cause the apparatus at least to perform: obtaining information from at least one sensor wherein the information comprises a current location of a vehicle; using the obtained information to determine an autonomous evacuation strategy for the vehicle; and enabling the vehicle to access the autonomous evacuation strategy when an emergency is detected.

Abstract: A monitor unit of a vehicle acquires an object left-right difference parameter corresponding to a command left-right difference parameter or corresponding to a measurement left-right difference parameter. The monitor unit compares the object left-right difference parameter and a first left-right difference threshold. If the object left-right difference parameter exceeds a first left-right difference threshold, the monitor unit limits the motive power of a first rotary electric machine and a second rotary electric machine.

Abstract: A vehicle that provides an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) recommendation function and a method of controlling the vehicle are provided. The vehicle includes a collection unit that is configured to collect behavior information of a driver and a controller that is configured to determine an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) mode recommendable to the driver based on the collected behavior information and to output the determined ADAS mode.

Abstract: A method and system is disclosed for automatic detection of implement working width of an implement on a vehicle. The method includes tracking location of the vehicle; determining if the vehicle is making substantially parallel passes; if the vehicle is making substantially parallel passes the method also includes determining distances between consecutive passes; and calculating a calculated implement working width based on the distances between consecutive passes. A location sensor attached to the vehicle can be used for tracking the vehicle. Determining if the vehicle is making parallel passes can include grouping the location sensor readings into pass lines that each include sensor readings defining a single pass line; and determining if a current pass line is parallel to a prior pass line. Vehicle heading can be used for determining if pass lines are substantially parallel. Known implement working widths can be used to verify calculated implement working widths.

Abstract: A system includes a processor configured to receive information indicating the presence of an upcoming obstacle along a route and determine a vehicle-control strategy to minimize expected fuel usage between a current location and an obstacle location. The processor may further control the vehicle in accordance with the control strategy or recommend driver actions in accordance with the control strategy.

Abstract: Systems and methods for adjusting autonomous vehicle parameters in response to passenger feedback are provided. A method can include obtaining, by a computing system comprising one or more computing devices, passenger input data descriptive of one or more passenger experiences associated with one or more autonomous driving sessions, obtaining, by the computing system, one or more vehicle data logs descriptive of vehicle conditions associated with the passenger input data descriptive of one or more passenger experiences associated with the one or more autonomous driving sessions, determining, by the computing system using a machine-learned model, an adjusted vehicle parameter of an autonomous vehicle based at least in part on the passenger input data descriptive of one or more passenger experiences and the associated one or more vehicle data logs descriptive of vehicle conditions, and implementing, by the computing system, the adjusted vehicle parameter in an operation of the autonomous vehicle.

Abstract: A method for wrong-way driver detection. The method includes a step of reading in position data via an interface, the position data representing a measured position of a vehicle, a step of reading in map data, which map a set of road elements of a road network negotiable by the vehicle, a step of determining a plurality of particles using the map data, one particle representing an assumed position of the vehicle and a weighting assigned to the assumed position, and a step of determining at least one road element from the set of road elements which is plausible with respect to a negotiation by the vehicle based on the plurality of particles, using a particle filter.

Abstract: A vehicle air-conditioning apparatus includes: a hot water heater core provided in a hot water circuit in which cooling water circulates in a heat source to recover waste heat of the heat source, and configured to exchange heat between the cooling water heated by the waste heat of the heat source and air to heat the air, thereby heating an inside of a vehicle by using the heated air; a heat pump configured to exchange heat between a refrigerant discharged from a refrigerant compressor and air by using an indoor heat exchanger to heat the air, thereby heating the inside of the vehicle by using the heated air; an electric heater configured to heat air to heat the inside of the vehicle; and a controller configured to select at least one of the hot water heater core, the heat pump and the electric heater to perform a heating operation.

Abstract: A chassis frame for a rail vehicle includes a plurality of longitudinal beams formed as I-beams, wherein each longitudinal beam includes a longitudinal beam top flange, a longitudinal beam bottom flange and a web, a box-shaped transverse beam interconnecting the plurality of longitudinal beams, each longitudinal beam having a central section in which the longitudinal beam is connected to the transverse beam, where each longitudinal beam forms at least one wheelset guide bushing for connection to a wheelset guide, where a stiffening rib is arranged in each longitudinal beam on both sides of the web, and where the stiffening rib extends outward from the web in a transverse direction on both sides of the web and is configured such that the force flow from the wheelset guide bushing is conducted into the transverse beam such that the shear stiffness and transverse stiffness of the chassis frame is increased.

Abstract: A railcar coupler may include a coupler head comprising a shank and a head portion, the head portion defining a cavity for receiving a knuckle, a thrower, and a lock. The cavity can include a top pulling lug, a bottom pulling lug, and a thrower retaining lug. The top pulling lug can be configured to engage an upper knuckle pulling lug, and the bottom pulling lug being can be configured to engage a lower knuckle pulling lug. During operation of the railcar coupler, the ratio of the stress between the top pulling lug and the bottom pulling lug can be configured to be better balanced to help extend the life of the railcar coupler assembly.

Abstract: System includes a control system used to control operation of a vehicle system as the vehicle system moves along a route. The vehicle system includes a plurality of system vehicles in which adjacent system vehicles are operatively coupled such that the adjacent system vehicles are permitted to move relative to one another. The control system includes one or more processors that are configured to (a) receive operational settings of the vehicle system and (b) input the operational settings into a system model of the vehicle system to determine an observed metric of the vehicle system. The one or more processors are also configured to (c) compare the observed metric to a reference metric and (d) modify the operational settings of the vehicle system based on differences between the observed and the reference metrics.

Abstract: A control system and method determine an energy demand associated with delivery of cargo in a trip. The energy demand represents how much electric energy is needed to move cargo vehicles that carry the cargo through the trip. Locations of energy tenders and states of charge of the energy tenders are determined. A schedule for the cargo vehicles to deliver the cargo to a delivery location within a delivery time slot is determined. This schedule is determined based on the energy demand, the locations of the energy tenders, and the states of charge of the energy tenders. The system and method direct which of the energy tenders that the cargo vehicles are to couple with, be powered by, and move with for powering the cargo along routes to the delivery location of the trip within the designated time slot.

Abstract: A collapsible cart assembly for storing and transporting a plurality of objects on a jobsite includes a box for containing objects on a jobsite. A plurality of wheels is each rotatably coupled to the box to roll along a support surface. A plurality of shelving units is provided and each of the shelving units is telescopically coupled to the box. Each of the shelving units selectively support objects for storage and for transportation. Moreover, each of the shelving units is positionable in a deployed position having the shelving units being distributed upwardly from the box and being spaced apart from each other. Each of the shelving units is positionable in a collapsed position having the shelving units being stacked on the box.

Abstract: A divider for elevated seating within a canopy enclosed seating area of a pet stroller is provided. The divider is removably located in the pet seating area. The divider includes a divider platform supported at least on a platform enclosure member of the pet stroller which still allows for the lowering and clamping of the lower canopy bar to the platform enclosure member.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to a hand grip for wrapping around a handlebar. The hand grip includes a first elongated coupling member, a second elongated coupling member, and a cover arranged between the first elongated coupling member and the second elongated coupling member. The first and/or second elongated coupling member include one or more protrusions arranged to be inserted into one or more holes or recesses of the bar. The hand grip can easily be attached to for example a handlebar of a baby stroller, and can easily be removed.

Abstract: A child support apparatus includes a standing frame, and a juvenile support assembly supported on the standing frame, wherein the juvenile support assembly has a left and a right side and includes a resilient wire extending between the left and right sides, the resilient wire forming a bearing support for a child that is elastically deformable along an upward-downward direction of the juvenile support assembly.

Abstract: Systems and methods described herein are directed to an adjustable steering wheel. According to one aspect, a steering wheel includes a center post, a plurality of arc segments, a plurality of telescoping arms, and a plurality of modular segments. The plurality of arc segments have a fixed arc length relative to a center post axis defined by the center post. Each arm of the plurality of telescoping arms has a first end portion affixed to the center post and a second end portion non-removably affixed to an arc segment of the plurality of arc segments. The plurality of modular segments have adjustable arc lengths relative to the center post axis. Together the plurality of arc segments and the plurality of modular segments cooperate to define a circumference of the steering wheel that is orthogonal to the center post axis.

Abstract: One steering column assembly includes a jacket, a bearing, and a steering spindle rotatably supported by the bearing and at least partially extending inside the jacket. The spindle includes a hollow outer tube and a hollow inner tube. The outer tube has lengthening and attachment sections, and the attachment section has transition and connection portions. The lengthening section adjoins the attachment section at an end of the transition portion, and the transition portion is between the lengthening section and the connection portion. The lengthening section has first and second portions, with the second portion being between the first and transition portions, and the outer tube terminates at an end of the connection portion. The inner tube is press-fit into the outer tube, and an end of the inner tube is adjacent the transition portion end. The inner tube does not extend into either the attachment section or the first portion.

Abstract: A steering column for a motor vehicle may include a steering column tube in which a steering spindle is mounted rotatably about a longitudinal axis. The steering column tube is fastened to a carrier connected to a vehicle chassis so that in normal operation the steering column tube is retained non-displaceably on the carrier, but is displaceable along the longitudinal axis in a crash event where a force that acts on the steering spindle exceeds a threshold value. An energy-absorption device may comprise a bending element that is connected to the carrier and the steering column tube and may be deformed in a crash event as a result of the longitudinal displacement of the steering column tube, thereby absorbing part of the energy of the steering column tube. The bending element may be at least partially surrounded by an insertion body, which prevents the binding element from contacting adjacent structural elements and deforms together with the bending element in a crash event.

Abstract: In a driving support device, an image output unit outputs an image including a vehicle object representing a vehicle and a peripheral situation of the vehicle, to a display unit. An operation signal input unit receives a gesture operation by a user that involves moving of the vehicle object in the image displayed on the display unit. A command output unit outputs a command according to the gesture operation, to an automatic driving control unit that controls automatic driving.

Abstract: A motor driving device is operable with low current consumption at low cost and can be started up without delay. The motor driving device includes inverter circuits, relay circuits, power supply stabilizing capacitors, pre-charge circuits, and a control unit. The inverter circuits individually drive coil sets of a motor. Each relay circuit is provided between a power supply and a corresponding one of the inverter circuits. Each capacitor is provided between a corresponding one of the relay circuits and a corresponding one of the inverter circuits. The pre-charge circuits, which are provided corresponding individually to the capacitors, each charge a corresponding one of the capacitors before the relay circuits are driven. The control unit controls the pre-charge circuits so that the pre-charge circuits charge the capacitors at mutually different timings or alternately when failure diagnosis is performed on the relay circuits.

Abstract: A control apparatus (10) for controlling a three-phase rotary machine (80) having two three-phase winding sets (801, 802) includes: two power converters (601, 602) outputting AC currents, having a same amplitude and a phase difference of (30±60×n) [deg], to the two winding sets; a harmonic component generator (20) superimposing a harmonic component on a phase current first harmonic component of a current command value; and two controllers (331, 332) calculating voltage command values for the two power converters according to the current command value. A combination of amplitudes of the phase current fifth and seventh harmonic components to reduce a peak of the phase current first harmonic component is defined as a fundamental amplitude.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for determining steering performance. The method includes: generating a torque disturbance signal; applying the torque disturbance signal to a torque command of the steering system; measuring a value of torque on the steering system; recording the measured value and a value associated with the torque disturbance signal; computing at least one performance metric of the steering system based on the recorded measured value and the recorded value associated with the torque disturbance signal; and selectively improving a steering system based on the at least one performance metric.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling the position of a vehicle to ensure stable position of a vehicle against tilting due to a rapid change in vehicle speed. The method includes: determining whether a vehicle speed is rapidly changing in a straight direction on the basis of an extent of depression of a pedal that changes a position of a steering wheel and a change in vehicle speed; determining whether the vehicle is tilting on the basis of a change in a yaw-rate by means of the controller when the vehicle speed is rapidly changing in the straight direction; and providing compensation torque in the direction opposite the direction in which the vehicle is tilted by operating a steering motor when the controller determines that the vehicle is tilting.

Abstract: A vehicle steering system includes: a steering input unit that is steered by a driver; a steering force detector to detect steering force input into the steering input unit; a first steering control amount calculator to calculate a first steering control amount for bringing the vehicle close to the target traveling line; a steering control amount correction coefficient calculator to calculate a steering control amount correction coefficient for correcting a steering control amount based on the steering force; a second steering control amount calculator to calculate a second steering control amount based on the first steering control amount and the steering control amount correction coefficient; and a steering controller that steers and controls the vehicle based on the second steering control amount.

Abstract: Systems and methods for operating a driver assistance system of a motor vehicle are provided, wherein the motor vehicle has at least one radar sensor which captures the environment of the motor vehicle. The radar sensor data is evaluated to form an environmental model describing the environment of the motor vehicle. If at least one query criterion is satisfied, an environmental map derived from the environmental model, and illustrating a top view of regions which can and cannot be travelled on is displayed on the display device. During an interaction between the driver and the displayed environmental map, trajectory data describing a desired trajectory of the driver is determined, and the motor vehicle is at least partially automatically guided along a real trajectory derived from the trajectory data.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program for localizing a motor vehicle including transmitting via a wireless communication network configured within a parking lot, for a predetermined motor vehicle, a request that the predetermined motor vehicle carry out a predetermined action. After transmission of the request, a check whether a motor vehicle located within the parking lot is carrying out or has carried out the predetermined action. If the result of the check is that a motor vehicle located within the parking lot is carrying out or has carried out the predetermined action, the motor vehicle is authenticated as the predetermined motor vehicle and the predetermined motor vehicle is localized at a current position of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: A front frame assembly for mounting a front suspension and wheel assembly of a vehicle can include lower frame members, first frame members, second frame members, a cross frame member, a plate, and a steering rack assembly. The pair of first and second frame members can be connected to and can extend upwardly from a respective one of the lower frame members. The pair of second frame members can be connected to the respective one of the lower frame members and a respective one of the first frame members. The cross frame member can be connected to and extend from each of the first frame members. The plate can be connected to and can extend from the each of the first frame and second members and the cross frame member. The plate can include a ridge. The steering rack housing can be mounted to the bottom surface of the plate.

Abstract: A center pillar structure of a vehicle includes: a center pillar that is disposed at a center portion in a length direction of a vehicle body and supports the vehicle body; a center pillar outer reinforcement panel that supports the center pillar as a basic frame of the center pillar; a side sill that extends in the length direction of the vehicle at a lower side of the center pillar; and a center pillar inner panel coupled to parts of the side sill and the center pillar outer reinforcement panel by being overlapped therewith to form the center pillar, and disposed farther inside in a width direction of the vehicle body than the center pillar output reinforcement panel. The side sill and the center pillar output reinforcement panel are integrated.

Abstract: An apparatus for lifting an object for placement in a vehicle cargo area is provided. The apparatus comprises a liftgate for opening and closing relative to the vehicle cargo area including dual hoists for lifting an object in a balanced manner. The dual hoists may be stowed in a compartment in the liftgate, such as in individual pockets covered by a door formed by a liftgate trim panel. The actuator forming part of the hoist may also be covered by the liftgate trim panel, and thus hidden from view.

Abstract: A motor vehicle hood assembly includes a hood shell and a fluid reservoir having a body including a stringer section and a plurality of finger sections that are connected to and extend from the stringer section along a longitudinal axis of the hood shell. The fluid reservoir may be provided packaged between the hood shell and an insulation layer of the hood assembly. A filling port is provided to assure the fluid is replenished by gravity once it's emptied from the reservoir.

Abstract: A suspension assembly for a vehicle modified to transport an individual using a wheelchair. The modified vehicle includes a lowered floor having an inclined portion to accommodate a ramp. The suspension replaces a portion of the suspension of an original equipment manufactured vehicle to accommodate the lowered floor, which is lowered from the original floor and which includes a width not found in the original floor. The suspension assembly includes a left bushing arm and a right bushing arm operatively connected together by a front and a rear crossmembers. Vehicle frame mounts, coil spring locations, and shock absorber locations are maintained, while accommodating the depth and width of the lowered floor. The additional weight of the vehicle, due to the addition of the lowered floor and anticipated weight of wheelchaired individuals, is accommodated by the suspension to maintain rider comfort.

Abstract: A vehicle center floor panel is provided. A front end thereof is connected with a dash panel partitioning a front body of the vehicle and a vehicle interior room. A rear end thereof is connected with a rear crossmember disposed at a front end of a rear body to be crossed in a width direction of the vehicle. The center floor panel includes center floor members that have a U-shaped floor tunnel portion and a floor side extended portion formed integrally with the floor tunnel portion to extend toward sides from the floor tunnel portion, and spaced apart in a front and rear direction of the vehicle. Center crossmembers include a U-shaped cross tunnel portion to connect the floor tunnel portions and a cross side extended portion combined to the cross tunnel portion from both sides in a width direction of the vehicle to connect the floor side extended portions.

Abstract: A weldless connection for connecting two components together, including first and second components having respective first faces which are disposed in flush engagement with each other, and having respective second faces which are planar and are substantially aligned with each other along a same plane, and a plate which is disposed so as overlap portions of the aligned second faces of the components. One edge of the plate is curved into a hook shape, a recess is formed into the second face of the first component and receives the curved edge of the plate therein for connecting the plate to the first component while permitting some relative movement between the plate and first component, and a portion of the plate which overlaps the second face of the second component is fixed thereto.

Abstract: A vehicle rear structure has an upper back panel, and a first closed sectional part that is coupled to a front end part of the upper back panel in a vehicle forward-rearward direction and serves as a closed sectional part having a closed section structure. The first closed sectional part is constituted of a first panel and a second panel that are panel members different from the upper back panel. The thickness of the first panel and the thickness of the second panel are larger than the thickness of the upper back panel, respectively.