Abstract: An exhaust gas purifier including a casing, SCR catalysts (comprising a first SCR catalyst and a second SCR catalyst), a first backflow prevention plate, and a second backflow prevention plate. In the casing, at least a part of the catalyst passage and at least a part of the bypass passage are formed. The SCR catalysts are disposed in the catalyst passage and selectively reduce NOx included in an exhaust gas flowing in the catalyst passage. The first backflow prevention plate prevents or reduces a backflow of an exhaust gas from a second exhaust passage to the catalyst passage.

Abstract: A dosing control system includes a shut-off valve, a reductant pump, a reductant injector, and a recirculation conduit. The shut-off valve is configured to receive reductant from a reductant tank. The reductant pump is configured to selectively receive the reductant from the shut-off valve. The reductant pump is configured to selectively be in a reductant pump command state. The reductant injector is configured to selectively receive the reductant from the reductant pump. The recirculation conduit is coupled to the reductant injector and the reductant tank. The recirculation conduit is configured to selectively provide the reductant from the reductant injector to the reductant tank. The shut-off valve is configured to prevent a flow of the reductant to the reductant pump when the reductant pump is not in the reductant pump command state.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exhaust emission control device having a particulate filter 3 and a selective reduction catalyst 4 arranged in parallel with each other such that entry sides of them are directed in a same direction. A communication passage 16 is arranged to oppositely turn exhaust gas 1 from an exit side of the selective reduction filter 3 into the entry side of the adjacent selective reduction catalyst 4. The urea water (reducing agent) is addable upstream of the communication passage 16. The communication passage 16 is stepwisely turned to the entry side of the adjacent selective reduction catalyst 4 through bending portions x and y downstream of an added position of the urea water. At least the most upstream bending portion x is formed to have a bending angle when viewed from an axial direction of the selective reduction filter 3.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment device includes an exhaust gas guide element which has an exhaust gas conduit. A first flow separation element is disposed in the exhaust gas conduit that divides the exhaust gas conduit into a first partial conduit and a second partial conduit. The first flow separation element has a first conduit area. A second flow separation element is disposed in the second partial conduit. The second flow separation element divides the second partial conduit into a first sub-conduit, a second sub-conduit, and a third sub-conduit. The second flow separation element has a second conduit area which is cylindrical or expands in a flow direction. The first conduit area of the first flow separation element expands along an injection direction of a reductant.

Abstract: A mixer includes a baffle having a baffle inlet receiving exhaust gas from an upstream exhaust component and a baffle outlet directing exhaust gas to a downstream exhaust component. A cover provides a chamber between an internal surface of the cover and the baffle. An internal box is positioned within the chamber to cover the baffle outlet and includes a bottom wall with a peripheral wall extending about at least a portion of an outer periphery of the bottom wall. At least one deflector wall is positioned within the internal box to provide a wall surface that is spaced from the peripheral wall to define an internal flow path that diverts exhaust gas at least partially around the baffle outlet before exiting the baffle outlet. An opening is located in the peripheral wall to receive exhaust gas exiting the inlet and to direct exhaust gas into the internal flow path.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion module may include a plurality of n-type thermoelectric conversion elements and a plurality of p-type thermoelectric conversion elements alternating with one another, a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes that alternately connect the plurality of alternating n-type and p-type thermoelectric conversion elements at hot sides and cool sides, and a plurality of case electrodes, each of which selectively connects the first electrodes adjacent to each other, among the plurality of first electrodes. The first electrodes and the case electrodes are configured to be movable relative to each other so that the plurality of first electrodes are electrically connected through the plurality of case electrodes or electrical connections between the plurality of first electrodes through the plurality of case electrodes are disabled according to a relative movement of the plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of case electrodes.

Abstract: Systems and methods for optimizing a performance variable for an engine system. The method includes applying constraints of manipulated variables as well as performance variables, mechanical constraints and other engine responses to response models. The response models each represent a piecewise linear relationship between the manipulated variables and other engine responses including performance variables and constraints. The method also comprises determining an optimal target for each of the manipulated variables by using a quasi-simplex optimization process on the response models. The optimal targets of the manipulated variables correspond to an optimal value of the performance variable.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for monitoring a NOx storage capacity of a passive NOx adsorption catalyst (PNA) included in an exhaust gas after-treatment system of an engine. In one example, a method may include, after an engine cold start and prior to an exhaust gas temperature reaching an upper threshold temperature, indicating degradation of the PNA based on an amount of NOx measured downstream of the PNA during a fuel cut event and while the exhaust gas temperature is between a lower threshold temperature and the upper threshold temperature. In this way, degradation of the NOx storage capacity may be inferred based on an amount of NOx released from the PNA and independent of a NOx storage measurement.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing feedgas generation capacity of an oxidation catalyst in an exhaust aftertreatment system includes: determining a first temperature value at a first location in the exhaust aftertreatment system upstream of an oxidation catalyst, the oxidation catalyst being upstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst; determining a space velocity of the exhaust in the oxidation catalyst; determining an estimated exotherm value of the oxidation catalyst based on the first temperature value and the space velocity; instructing a doser of the aftertreatment system to dose hydrocarbon into the oxidation catalyst; determining an in-use exotherm value of the oxidation catalyst upon insertion of the hydrocarbon into the oxidation catalyst; and determining a fault condition based upon a comparison between the estimated exotherm value and the in-use exotherm value.

Abstract: A method and a sensor for detecting or measuring at least one specific component among a plurality of components present in a gaseous or liquid mixture by a sensor having at least one capturing cell with a high-electron mobility transistor including a source and a drain with a grid inserted between the source and the drain, a voltage being applied between the source and the drain, and a current intensity in the capturing cell being recorded. The voltage between the source and the drain is controlled, which varies the intensity of the current, the voltage being controlled according to a voltage model predetermined by experience in order to provide a profile with an intensity which is characteristic of said at least one specific component.

Abstract: A water pump includes: a body portion including a housing where an inlet port and a discharge port, an impeller accommodated inside the housing and introducing or discharging the cooling water via rotation, a rotation shaft coupled to the impeller and rotating the impeller, and a cooling water flow rate control unit arranged above the impeller and operating to selectively open or close the discharge port; a cylinder portion provided above the cooling water flow rate control unit and formed therein a hydraulic space accommodating cooling water that applies pressure to the cooling water flow rate control unit; and a linear motor coupled to a side surface of the cylinder portion and selectively applying pressure to the cooling water accommodated inside the hydraulic space by operating to convert rotational motion to linear motion to adjust an amount of the cooling water discharged from the body portion.

Abstract: A method for controlling a cooling system for a vehicle is provided. The system includes an engine, an EGR cooler, an oil cooler, a heater, a radiator, and a controller. The engine, the EGR cooler, the oil cooler, the heater, and the radiator are respectively connected through a coolant line and coolant circulates through the engine, the EGR cooler, the oil cooler, the heater, and the radiator by operation of a water pump. The controller receives the coolant from the engine and operates a control valve connected with the oil cooler, the heater, and the radiator. The method includes sensing driving conditions and operating the control valve when a warm mode is required to rapidly warm up the engine based on the sensed driving conditions. The control valve is operated based on modes that are controlled depending on a coolant temperature, and among modes, one is iteratively performed.

Abstract: A control method for a cooling system is provided. The system includes a vehicle operation state detecting portion having an ambient temperature sensor, first and second coolant temperature sensors, a coolant control valve unit that adjusts opening rates of first, second, and third coolant passages and a controller. The method includes determining whether an output signal of the ambient temperature sensor satisfies a predetermined an ambient low temperature driving condition and whether an output signal of the first coolant temperature sensor satisfies a predetermined first low temperature driving condition when the output signal of the ambient temperature sensor satisfies the predetermined the ambient low temperature driving condition. The coolant control valve unit opens the first and coolant passages and closes the second coolant passage when the output signal of the first coolant temperature sensor satisfies the predetermined first low temperature driving condition.

Abstract: A coolant flow control apparatus may include a coolant controller housing of which an inlet for coolant to flow in, an outlet for the coolant to flow out, a first coolant supply line and a second coolant supply line are formed, a water pump mounted to the coolant controller housing for transmitting the coolant, a valve plate selectively opening/closing the first coolant supply line, a valve piston selectively opening/closing the second coolant supply line, a driving unit selectively moving the valve plate and the valve piston for closing or opening the first coolant supply line and the second coolant supply line respectively and a controller configured for controlling an operation of the driving unit.

Abstract: A coolant pump for a vehicle includes an impeller mounted at one side of a shaft and configured for pumping a coolant, a pulley mounted at the other side of the shaft and configured for receiving a torque, a pump housing including an inlet for allowing the coolant to flow in and an outlet for allowing the coolant to flow out, a shroud disposed within the pump housing for selectively closing or opening the outlet and an operation portion selectively moving the shroud.

Abstract: A coolant control system includes: a high temperature radiator communicating with an engine through a high temperature coolant line, a high temperature coolant pump, a coolant temperature sensor, a low temperature radiator, a low temperature coolant pump, a water-cooled intercooler, an intake air temperature sensor, bypass valves provided upstream and downstream of the water-cooled intercooler for selectively controlling the high temperature coolant or the low temperature coolant to flow through the water-cooled intercooler, an ambient temperature sensor, a radiator bypass line connected to the high temperature coolant line and bypassing the high temperature radiator, a thermostat to selectively flow the high temperature coolant to the radiator bypass line, and a controller for controlling the operations of the low temperature coolant pump, the bypass valve and the thermostat in accordance with a vehicle operation state.

Abstract: A method for controlling a vehicle cooling system is provided. The system includes an engine, an EGR cooler, an oil cooler, a heater, a radiator, and a controller. The engine, the EGR cooler, the oil cooler, the heater, and the radiator are respectively connected through a coolant line and coolant circulates through the engine, the EGR cooler, the oil cooler, the heater, and the radiator by operation of a water pump. The controller receives the coolant from the engine and operates a control valve that is connected with the oil cooler, the heater, and the radiator. The method includes sensing driving conditions and operating the control valve when a warm mode is required to increase the temperature within the vehicle based on the sensed driving conditions. The control valve is operated based on first to third modes depending on a coolant temperature.

Abstract: A method for controlling a cooling system for a vehicle is provided. The system includes an engine, an EGR cooler, an oil cooler, a heater, a radiator, and a controller. The engine, the EGR cooler, the oil cooler, the heater, and the radiator are respectively connected through a coolant line and coolant circulates through the engine, the EGR cooler, the oil cooler, the heater, and the radiator by operation of a water pump. The controller receives the coolant from the engine and operates a control valve connected with the oil cooler, the heater, and the radiator. The method includes: sensing driving conditions and operating the control valve when a cooling mode is required to decrease the temperature within the vehicle based on the sensed driving conditions. The control valve is operated based on modes controlled depending on a coolant temperature, and among the plurality of modes, one is iteratively performed.

Abstract: In a spark-ignition internal combustion engine in which a protrusion including an intake-side inclined surface and an exhaust-side inclined surface is formed on a top surface of a piston, and a cavity is formed in the protrusion at a position associated with a spark plug, the intake-side inclined surface and the exhaust-side inclined surface are formed in such a way that a ratio of a length of the exhaust-side inclined surface with respect to a length of the intake-side inclined surface is 1.25 or larger in a cross section passing through a center axis of the piston and orthogonal to an axis direction of a crankshaft.

Abstract: In an aspect a method is provided for controlling air flow to an internal combustion engine, comprising: providing a in turbocharger and a compressor that is driven by the turbocharger; driving rotation of a turbine of the turbocharger using exhaust gas from the engine; driving rotation of an impeller of the compressor to generate pressurized air for the engine; sending pressurized air from a pressurized air storage chamber to the internal combustion engine if the pressurized air generated by the impeller is sufficiently low and sending pressurized air from the compressor to the pressurized air storage chamber for storage therein if the pressurized air generated by the impeller is sufficiently high.

Abstract: Provided is a casing 21 for an exhaust turbocharger turbine 2, configured so as to house a turbine rotor 23 to be driven by exhaust gas and form a spiral scroll 22 serving as a path for supplying the exhaust gas to the turbine rotor 23, wherein the scroll 22 includes a first region 222a extending from a spiral origin position 222s to a predetermined angle ? and a second region 222b extending from the predetermined angle ? to a spiral end position 222e, with the surface area of an interior wall thereof decreasing from the spiral origin position 222s toward the spiral end position 222e, and the interior wall at the first region 222a has a lower surface roughness than that at the second region 222b.

Abstract: An intake passage structure for a turbocharger-equipped engine (1) includes a supercharging passage (71) and an air relief passage (72) that are provided in a compressor case (72a). The air relief passage (72) has a first passage (73) and a second passage (74), each of which is in a non-linear shape. The first and second passages (73) and (74) each have an air outflow port (73a, 74a) formed through an inner wall surface of an upstream portion (71a) of the supercharging passage (71) upstream of a compressor (21). The air outflow ports (73a, 74a) are formed through different portions of the inner wall surface in a circumferential direction of the inner wall surface so as to overlap with each other in a direction along a central axis of the upstream portion (71a).

Abstract: A first line-to-line terminal voltage of a three-phase electric motor is measured while the three-phase electric motor free-spins. A second line-to-line terminal voltage of a three-phase electric motor is measured while the three-phase electric motor free-spins. A motor's rotor position is determined based on the first line-to-line terminal voltage and the second line-to-line terminal voltage. Three-phase current is sent to the motor after the rotor position has been determined. The three-phase current being in-phase with the rotor position.

Abstract: A turbocharger includes a turbine impeller, a turbine housing which includes a scroll portion and a discharge port, a bypassing passage portion which guides a working fluid from the scroll portion to the discharge port, and a valve portion which controls the inflow of the working fluid to the bypassing passage portion. The hub side scroll is formed so that a cross-sectional area of a passage is larger than that of a shroud side scroll. The valve portion includes a hub side valve which controls the inflow of the working fluid from the hub side scroll to the bypassing passage portion and a shroud side valve which controls the inflow of the working fluid from the shroud side scroll to the bypassing passage portion. An operation of opening and closing the hub side valve is independent from an operation of opening and closing the shroud side valve.

Abstract: A rotary engine casing having at least one end wall of an internal cavity for a rotor including a seal-engaging plate sealingly engaging the peripheral wall to partially seal the internal cavity and a member mounted adjacent the seal-engaging plate outside of the internal cavity. The member and seal-engaging plate having abutting mating surfaces which cooperate to define between them at least one fluid cavity communicating with a source of liquid coolant. When the casing includes a plurality of rotor housings, the end wall may be between rotor housings. A method of manufacturing a rotary engine casing is also discussed.

Abstract: An actuator of a variable compression ratio mechanism for an internal combustion engine includes an arm link 13 configured to change a posture of the variable compression ratio mechanism for the internal combustion engine by swinging, a second control shaft 11 fixed to the arm link 13, and a housing 20 including a first bearing hole 301a supporting the second control shaft 11. The housing 20 includes a lubricant oil supply oil passage 202 opened to a pressure-receiving range over which a contact pressure is received at the first bearing hole 301a from the second control shaft 11 during an expansion stroke of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for adjusting a compression ratio. In one example, a system may include rotating an eccentric ring of a crankshaft by flowing hydraulic fluid to first and second chambers to actuate the eccentric ring.

Abstract: A VCR apparatus may include a connecting rod at which a small end forming a hole having a circular shape to be rotatably connected with a piston pin moving together with the piston and a large end rotatably connected with a crank pin eccentrically arranged with respect to the crankshaft are formed; an eccentric cam concentrically arranged and rotatably disposed in the hole of the small end and configured so that the piston pin is eccentrically inserted thereinto and is rotatably connected therewith; a latching pin disposed in the small end to make a reciprocal rectilinear motion in a direction of rotation axis of the small end and operated to selectively latch the small end with the eccentric cam in one among at least two relative positions between the small end and the eccentric cam; and an acting oil passage formed at the connecting rod.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods wherein power production can be achieved with combustion of a fuel utilizing flameless combustion. A fuel may be combusted in a combustor/turbine in a substantially flameless operation to produce a combustion product stream that can be expanded for power generation. After expansion, the output stream can be treated to generate a recycle CO2 stream into which an oxidant can be input. The recycle CO2 stream including the oxidant can be injected into the combustor/turbine to effect combustion in a substantially flameless state. Various control schemes can be implemented to automatically control the concentration of oxygen present in the recycle CO2 stream that is injected into the combustor/turbine in order to achieve and/or maintain substantially flameless combustion.

Abstract: A panel for attenuating noise is disclosed comprising a face skin having a first inner surface, a base skin having a second inner surface, a cellular core connected to and forming a plurality of cells between the face skin and the base skin, wherein the cellular core is defined by a cell structure having a plurality of cell walls extending between the face skin and the base skin defining each of the plurality of cells and a septum disposed within each of the plurality of cells, the septum defining an upper chamber proximate the face skin and a lower chamber proximate the base skin, wherein the face skin comprises a plurality of perforations fully through the face skin and in fluid communication with the upper chamber.

Abstract: An air inlet system for an auxiliary power unit (APU) has an intake duct having a wall defining an inlet plenum and forming an inlet opening configured to direct air into the inlet plenum. The system further comprising a load compressor passage in fluid communication with the inlet plenum and leading to a load compressor of the APU; and a core compressor passage in fluid communication with the inlet plenum and leading to a core compressor of the APU. A deflector is provided in the inlet plenum between the inlet opening and the core compressor inlet to deflect at least part of particles carried by an incoming airflow away from the core compressor inlet toward the load compressor inlet.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine includes a main compressor section having a downstream most location, and a turbine section, with both the main compressor section and the turbine section housing rotatable components. A first tap taps air compressed by the main compressor section at an upstream location upstream of the downstream most location. The first tap passes through a heat exchanger, and to a cooling compressor. Air downstream of the cooling compressor is selectively connected to reach at least one of the rotatable components. The cooling compressor is connected to rotate at a speed proportional to a rotational speed in one of the main compressor section and the turbine section. A valve system includes a check valve for selectively blocking flow downstream of the cooling compressor from reaching the at least one rotatable component. A dump valve selectively dumps air downstream of the cooling compressor. A method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A structure for damping at a fluid manifold assembly for an engine is generally provided. The fluid manifold assembly includes a first walled conduit defining a first fluid passage therewithin. A flow of fluid defining a first frequency is permitted through the first fluid passage. A second walled conduit includes a pair of first portions each coupled to the first walled conduit. A second portion is coupled to the pair of first portions. A second fluid passage is defined through the first portion and the second portion in fluid communication with the first fluid passage. The flow of fluid is permitted through the second fluid passage at a second frequency approximately 180 degrees out of phase from the first frequency.

Abstract: The thermal blanket can be used for shielding an engine component. The thermal blanket has a window providing visual access to the engine component. The thermal blanket can have a non-transparent portion having an opening extending across the thickness of the non-transparent portion, the opening delimited by an internal edge of the non-transparent portion, and a transparent portion of transparent material in the opening, the transparent portion secured to the internal edge of the non-transparent portion.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for active inlet turbine control. The systems and methods may include receiving a plurality of signals, determining a temperature gradient across an inlet of a gas turbine engine, and transmitting an activation signal to a modulating valve. Each of the plurality of signals may correspond to a temperature measured by one of a plurality of sensors located proximate the inlet of the gas turbine engine. The temperature gradient across the inlet of the gas turbine engine may be determined based on the plurality of signals. The activation signal may be operative to open or close the modulating valve based on the temperature gradient.

Abstract: A crankshaft assembly for a gas turbine engine guide vane actuator. Example embodiments include a crankshaft assembly for a gas turbine engine guide vane actuator, the crankshaft assembly comprising: a crankshaft mounted for rotation about a central axis; a lug mounted to the crankshaft for rotation with the crankshaft about the central axis, the lug having a first end with a crankshaft connection securing the lug to the crankshaft and a second opposing end for connecting the lug to a control rod such that rotation of the crankshaft causes actuation of the control rod in a direction orthogonal to the central axis, wherein the crankshaft connection is adjustable to allow the first end of the lug to be secured relative to the crankshaft over a range of rotational positions about the central axis.

Abstract: A variable compression ratio apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a connecting rod, a small end forming an aperture to be rotatably connected with a piston pin moving together with a piston, a larger end rotatably connected with a crankpin eccentrically arranged with respect to the crankshaft. An acting oil passage allows hydraulic pressure to be supplied from the larger end to the small end. An eccentric cam is concentrically arranged and rotatably disposed in the aperture of the small end. The piston pin is inserted thereinto and rotatably connected therewith. A latching pin is disposed in the small end to generate a reciprocal rectilinear motion in a direction of a rotation axis of the small end and selectively latches the small end with the eccentric cam in one of at least two relative positions between the small end and the eccentric cam by hydraulic pressure.

Abstract: A vehicle power output control method, apparatus and system are provided. The method includes: collecting an image of a road surface on which a vehicle drives currently, and recognizing, according to the image of the road surface, the type of the road surface on which the vehicle drives currently; starting, according to the current type of the road surface, a terrain mode corresponding to an all-terrain adaptive mode; determining, in the terrain mode, a power output strategy corresponding to the current terrain mode; and adjusting an output torque of an engine according to a power output curve corresponding to the current power output strategy, the power output curve being a function curve using a stepping depth of an accelerator pedal as a variable and the output torque of the engine as an output. The method facilitates outputting an adaptive power by an engine when a vehicle drives on different road surfaces.

Abstract: A portable generator includes a CO sensor module to sense CO levels in the environment surrounding the portable generator. The CO sensor module senses high levels of CO and sends a signal to shut down the engine on the portable generator. The CO sensor module alerts the user by emitting an LED light whether the CO sensor module is functioning properly, improperly or if high CO levels are detected. The CO sensor module is removable from a control panel of the portable generator to be replaced or maintained by the user per a replacement or maintenance schedule.

Abstract: A method for a combustion motor that is initially used in a full Miller cycle or full Atkinson cycle that is advantageous with regard to efficiency. In full operation, a switchover to a partial operation takes place, wherein the intake valves associated with the combustion chambers that are to continue to be operated are switched over to actuation in accordance with a second valve lifting curve in order to achieve a switchover that is as torque-neutral as possible and is optimal with regard to efficiency. The closing time of the intake valve brought about by this second valve lifting curve is designed with respect to maximum volumetric efficiency.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for identifying an inlet and an outlet valve stroke phase difference comprising: measuring pressure oscillations during operation; generating a corresponding signal; determining a corresponding crankshaft phase angle; applying a discrete Fourier transformation to the pressure signal to determine amplitudes of selected frequencies in relation to the crankshaft phase angle; determining lines of equal amplitudes of the frequencies based on the amplitudes depending on the phase differences using reference lines; determining an intersection of the lines by projection into a common plane; and determining the inlet valve stroke phase difference and the outlet valve stroke phase difference from the determined common intersection point of the lines of equal amplitudes of the selected signal frequencies.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for identifying valve stroke phase differences during operation comprising: measuring dynamic pressure oscillations in the air intake tract; generating a corresponding signal; acquiring a crankshaft phase angle; acquiring the phase position and the amplitude of a signal frequency of the oscillations based on the pressure oscillation using discrete Fourier transformation; acquiring a line of an equal phase position and of equal amplitude of the signal frequency reflecting the inlet and the outlet stroke phase difference using reference lines; acquiring a common intersection point of a line of equal phase position and a line of equal amplitude by projection into a common plane; and determining the stroke phase differences and from the common intersection point.

Abstract: Related are a method and an apparatus for protecting a clutch in a vehicle driving process. The method comprises: acquiring a current oil temperature of a space where the clutch is located and judging whether the current oil temperature is within a set temperature interval or not; in a case where the current oil temperature is within the set temperature interval, detecting whether a current wheel speed difference between front shaft and rear shaft reaches to a set wheel speed difference threshold or not; and in a case where the current wheel speed difference between the front shaft and rear shaft reaches to the set wheel speed difference threshold, triggering a first protective mode that is preset to protect the clutch; and in a case where the current oil temperature is higher than the set temperature interval, triggering, a second protective mode that is preset to protect the clutch.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for diagnosing a cylinder valve deactivation mechanism in an engine system having cam-actuated valves. Movement of a latch pin of the deactivation mechanism is inferred from an induction current generated by a solenoid coupled to the latch pin, and the inferred movement is used to diagnose operation of cylinder valve deactivation mechanism. The inferred movement and a profile of the induction current is also used to estimate camshaft and crankshaft timing for improved cylinder fuel delivery in the absence of a camshaft sensor.

Abstract: A fuel-saving control device (100) equipped with: a surplus drive force calculation unit (101) for calculating surplus drive force; a fuel-saving control unit (102) for executing a fuel-saving control which lowers and corrects the indicated fuel injection amount according to the accelerator position when the surplus drive force reaches or exceeds a threshold, and stopping the fuel-saving control when the surplus drive force falls below the threshold; a direction indicator operation detection unit (107) for detecting operation of a direction indicator; a vehicle position detection unit (108) for detecting the vehicle position; a map information storage unit (109) for storing map information; and a fuel-saving control stoppage condition determination unit (110) for determining whether or not a fuel-saving control should be stopped, on the basis of the map information and the vehicle position when the direction indicator operation is detected.

Abstract: An air flow measurement device that measures an air flow rate based on an output value of a sensing unit attached in an environment in which air flows, the air flow measurement device is provided. The air flow measurement device may calculate an average air amount, which is an average value of the air flow rate, from the output value. The air flow measurement device may calculate a pulsation maximum value, which is a maximum value of the air flow rate, from the output value.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for checking a calibration of a pressure sensor comprising: moving a piston toward a TDC in successive cycles; while the piston moves toward TDC, closing an inlet valve thereby adjusting a setpoint value of a fluid pressure; measuring the fluid pressure with the pressure sensor arranged downstream of the outlet valve; applying a measurement current to the electromagnet when the inlet valve is closed; while the piston moves away from TDC, detecting an opening position of the inlet valve on the basis of a predetermined change with respect to time of the measurement current at which an opening movement of the inlet valve begins; over multiple pump cycles, changing the setpoint value of the fluid pressure by a predetermined difference; checking whether the change in opening position satisfies a predetermined correspondence criterion; and if the criterion is met, generating a fault signal.

Abstract: A fuel-saving control device equipped with: a surplus drive force calculation unit for calculating surplus drive force; a fuel-saving control unit for executing a fuel-saving control which lowers and corrects the indicated fuel injection amount according to the accelerator position when the surplus drive force reaches or exceeds a threshold, and stopping the fuel-saving control when the surplus drive force falls below the threshold; a vehicle position detection unit for detecting the vehicle position; a map information storage unit for storing map information; a downshift operation detection unit for detecting a downshifting operation; and a forward gradient identification unit for identifying the forward gradient on the basis of the vehicle position and the map information. Therein, the fuel-saving control unit stops the fuel-saving control when a downshifting operation is detected and the forward gradient is an uphill grade equal to or greater than a threshold.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method comprising: moving a piston toward TDC in successive pump cycles; during the movement, closing an inlet valve by applying current to an electromagnet; generating a pressure signal downstream of the outlet; applying a measurement current to the electromagnet when the inlet valve is closed; while the piston moves away from TDC, detecting an opening position at which an opening movement of the inlet valve begins on the basis of a predetermined change with respect to time of the measurement current; checking whether a value sequence of the ascertained opening positions over multiple pump cycles satisfies a predetermined discrepancy criterion with regard to the sensor signal; and if the discrepancy criterion is satisfied, generating a fault signal relating to the pressure sensor.

Abstract: A two-stroke internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder provided with a combustion chamber and an outlet and having a crank housing provided with a crank shaft. The housing is flow-connected to the combustion chamber via at least one transfer port, and the internal combustion engine is formed to inject fuel into the transfer port, against the transfer port from the crank housing into the combustion chamber; the internal combustion engine has at least one cylinder having two injectors, and fuel can be introduced by means of only one injector with a first engine load and by means of the two injectors with a second engine load.