Abstract: An energy test method configured to determine fuel consumption of a vehicle is disclosed. The method includes the steps of installing at least one sensor on the vehicle; connecting the at least one sensor to a data recorder; running a baseline test lap on a pre-determined circuit; using the data recorder to record data from the at least one sensor while running the baseline test lap; modifying the vehicle; running a modified test lap on the pre-determined circuit; using the data recorder to record data from the at least one sensor while running the modified test lap; and calculating a fuel savings between the modified test lap and the baseline test lap.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus includes a nozzle in which a fuel injection port for injecting a fuel is formed on the center of a tip. A plurality of water injection ports are formed with intervals therebetween in a circumferential direction around the fuel injection port of the tip of the nozzle, and the water injection ports are non-uniformly formed in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: A pre-film liquid fuel cartridge includes a main body having a water passage, a liquid fuel passage, a compressed air passage and a pre-film tip disposed at a downstream portion of the pre-film liquid fuel cartridge. The pre-film tip includes a forward end portion that is axially separated from an aft end portion and an inner side that extends therebetween. The inner side at least partially defines a pre-filming surface which terminates at an emulsion atomizing shear edge. The pre-film tip includes a plurality of water injection ports oriented tangentially through the pre-filming surface, a plurality of liquid fuel injection ports oriented tangentially through the pre-filming surface and a plurality of atomizing air injection ports axially oriented around the emulsion atomizing shear edge. An atomizing air shear edge is defined downstream from the emulsion atomizing shear edge and the atomizing air injection ports.

Abstract: A turbocharger system includes a manifold system that maintains separation between flow paths of different manifold arrangements. One manifold arrangement directs flow from a first group of combustion chambers to a first volute passage of a turbine section of a turbocharger. Another manifold arrangement directs flow from a second group of combustion chambers to a second volute passage of the turbine section of the turbocharger. The system also provides selective variation of the available volume for exhaust flow through the manifold arrangements.

Abstract: A heat recovery unit for generating a heated fluid by a hot exhaust gas includes a housing having an inlet for introducing hot exhaust gas and an outlet for discharging treated exhaust gas, and arranged in the housing at least one heat exchanger for heat exchange between the hot exhaust gas and a fluid, and an auxiliary combustor for combusting fuel with hot exhaust gas. The auxiliary combustor is provided with a fuel supply, which auxiliary combustor is arranged downstream of the at least one heat exchanger in the housing. An exhaust gas bypass for a part of the hot exhaust gas is provided, having an inlet for exhaust gas, and being positioned upstream of the at least one heat exchanger, and having an outlet in direct fluid communication with the auxiliary combustor.

Abstract: A system is provided for a turbine engine. This turbine engine system includes a rotating assembly, a bearing and a lubrication system. The bearing is configured with the rotating assembly. The lubrication system is configured to lubricate the bearing. The lubrication system includes a lubricant pump and a lubricant reservoir. The lubricant pump is mechanically coupled with and driven by the rotating assembly. The lubricant pump is configured with the lubricant reservoir so as to be at least partially submersed in lubricant contained within the lubricant reservoir.

Abstract: A fuel, an oxidant, and a diluent can be introduced to a combustion zone, wherein the oxidant comprises air, oxygen-enriched air, or oxygen-lean air. At least a portion of the fuel can be combusted to produce an exhaust gas comprising, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide. The exhaust gas can be expanded to produce mechanical power and an expanded exhaust gas. A concentration of at least one of oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, in the exhaust gas or the expanded exhaust gas or both can be determined, and an amount of the oxidant or the fuel introduced to the combustion zone, or both, can be adjusted based on the determined concentration to produce an exhaust gas containing a combined amount of oxygen and carbon monoxide of less than about 2 mol % and a nitrogen concentration ranging from 20 mol % to 75 mol %.

Abstract: A fluid manifold includes a manifold body, a first annular passage and a second annular passage. The first annular passage is defined within the manifold body between a first passage inlet and a first passage outlet downstream from the first passage inlet. The second annular passage is defined within the manifold body nested radially outward from the first annular passage, and between a second passage inlet and a second passage outlet downstream from the second passage inlet. The first and second annular passages are concentric about a manifold axis. The first passage outlet and the second passage outlet are positioned at the same axial position relative to the manifold axis.

Abstract: A power plant and method for operating a power plant having a gas turbine and a generator which are arranged on a section, a shaft which connects the gas turbine to the generator in order to transmit a force, and a clutch which is arranged in the shaft between the gas turbine and the generator such that the shaft includes at least two sub-shafts, a first sub-shaft between the generator and the clutch and a second sub-shaft, which is referred to as a gas turbine intermediate shaft, between the gas turbine and the clutch. An electric motor is arranged in the section between the clutch and the gas turbine in order to accelerate the gas turbine.

Abstract: A method of preventing standing waves in an installed gas turbine having a fan, having a fan speed, and a compressor, having a compressor speed, includes correcting the fan and compressor speeds for temperature and monitoring the corrected speeds to prevent them from converging, or becoming the same value. In addition, a computer implemented monitoring and adjusting program may monitor a position of an aircraft on an Acoustic Critical Turbo System Frequency (ACTSF) plot and make adjustments to avoid intercepting a surge line by changing the speed of the plane, one or both of the fan or compressor speeds or by changing altitude. An aircraft may form a standing wave when crossing or operating on a surge line of an ACTSF plot and this condition should be avoided which may require high data rate monitoring and control logic.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for controlling air flow through at least two aspirators coupled across an intake throttle. In one example, a method includes, during a first condition, opening a common aspirator shut-off valve to direct intake air through a first aspirator and a second aspirator each coupled across an intake throttle, and supplying vacuum generated by the first aspirator and the second aspirator to respective vacuum consumption devices as demanded. The method also includes, responsive to a second condition, closing the common aspirator shut-off valve and supplying intake manifold vacuum to the respective vacuum consumption devices as demanded.

Abstract: For controlling injection of a mixture fuel of ethanol and gasoline in an internal combustion engine, ethanol concentration of the mixture fuel supplied to the engine is detected, target operation information related to the engine is obtained, a division scheme of a plurality of injection regions is determined based on the ethanol concentration, an injection region corresponding to the target operation information is determined in the determined division scheme of injection regions corresponding to the ethanol concentration, and while performing injection of the mixture fuel corresponding to the determined injection region, at least one of injection timing and injection duration of the mixture fuel is varied according to the ethanol concentration.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine may include: measuring dynamic pressure oscillations in the inlet tract at a defined operating point during normal operation; generating a corresponding pressure oscillation signal; determining a crankshaft phase angle; determining an actual phase position using the pressure oscillation signal by discrete Fourier transformation; determining a chemical composition of the fuel using the determined actual phase position and reference phase positions of the same signal frequency for different fuel compositions; and adjusting operating parameters of the internal combustion engine based on the determined chemical composition.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed herein that provide for controlling torque in a vehicle. In some embodiments, desired torque values are generated and are compared to an amount of torque currently being generated by an engine. If a different amount of torque is desired, an engine speed target is altered in a linear fashion, and then converted back to a torque request to be provided to an engine ECU for implementation. Techniques disclosed herein may cause changes in torque demand to be limited in such a way to cause predictable and smooth changes in engine speed, even when engine speed and torque do not have a linear relationship to each other.

Abstract: A method for predicting failure in a cylinder of a multi-cylinder engine is provided. Each cylinder has an associated pressure sensor to provide a signal indicative of pressure in the cylinder. The method includes identifying whether there is a non-fueling interval associated with any of the cylinder on the engine. The method includes determining at least one of parameters such as an indicated mean effective pressure, a peak cylinder pressure, a total heat released, or a total duration of heat released over a combustion cycle for the cylinder. The method includes comparing the at least one of the parameters with predefined threshold value, determining whether any of the parameters exceeds the predefined threshold value, and generating a signal indicating the impending cylinder failure if at least one of the parameters exceeds the corresponding predefined threshold value.

Abstract: A supercharger device is employed in response to engine braking events and transient events to provide further compression of the intake flow and boost engine braking power and torque response. The supercharger device can be, for example, a clutched supercharger or an electronic compressor connected in the intake system of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method involves receiving a plurality of engine parameters and a sensed ambient operating condition during operation of an engine and determining a current substitution rate based on the plurality of engine parameter. The method also involves determining at least one of a pre-combustion temperature and an end gas temperature based on the plurality of engine parameters and the sensed ambient operating condition and determining a maximum substitution rate based on at least one of the pre-combustion temperature and the end gas temperature. The method further involves comparing the current substitution rate with the maximum substitution rate and controlling at least one engine parameter among the plurality of engine parameters if the current substitution rate is different from the maximum substitution rate so as to generate the current substitution rate to less than or equal to the maximum substitution rate.

Abstract: A low-pressure loop EGR device for an engine with a supercharger, EGR passage, and EGR valve. An ECU controls the EGR valve to fully close, the intake valve to fully open, and the throttle valve to open at a sonic opening degree during deceleration and fuel cut-off. The ECU obtains an actual opening degree of the throttle valve based on the detected intake amount and a predetermined reference formula of valve passing flow rate. The ECU performs correction control of the throttle valve based on a throttle opening degree correction value learned from a difference of the actual opening degree and the predetermined opening degree. The ECU obtains an actual opening degree of the intake valve similarly to the above, and performs correction control of the intake valve based on an intake opening degree correction value learned by the difference between the actual opening degree and the predetermined opening degree.

Abstract: A method to obtain average revolutions per independent unit includes a total number of engine revolutions with an on-board computing device and a current distance value with the on-board computing device and a retrofitted global positioning system unit so that a final value can be calculated by dividing the total number of engine revolutions with the current distance value for a designated time period. The current distance value can be a distance unit or time unit as the final value, which is the average revolutions per independent unit, is displayed with a control panel of a vehicle. The final value provides an accurate conclusion regarding the current condition of an engine in addition to the accuracy mileage of the engine or the engine hours.

Abstract: To provide sensing system layout structure of an internal combustion engine that enables increasing a degree of freedom in laying out a sensing system. In sensing system layout structure of an internal combustion engine provided with a sensing system for sensing rotation of a camshaft, the internal combustion engine is provided with a driving shaft rotated in synchronization with the camshaft, the sensing system is provided with a driving shaft rotation detecting sensor arranged opposite to a rotated portion on a side of the driving shaft, and rotation of the driving shaft is sensed by the driving shaft rotation detecting sensor.

Abstract: Methods and systems for adjusting vehicle operation in response to vehicle weight are described. In one example, an adaptive driver demand correction is adjusted in response to vehicle weight. The methods and systems may provide for more consistent powertrain response and lower vehicle emissions at lower vehicle weights.

Abstract: Methods and systems for operating an engine to provide small amounts of energy to heat an aftertreatment device are described. In one example, fewer than the actual total number of engine cylinders are supplied with late post fuel injections (LPI) to heat an aftertreatment device without heating the aftertreatment device more than is desired. The engines fuel injectors may be operated at minimum fuel pulse widths to reduce fuel consumption.

Abstract: A internal combustion engine system includes a gasoline internal combustion engine having a set of donor cylinders and a set of non-donor cylinders. The donor cylinders provide a proportion of the exhaust gas to an exhaust gas recirculation system and the remainder of the exhaust gas to an exhaust gas aftertreatment system including a particulate filter. The non-donor cylinders also provide exhaust gas to exhaust gas aftertreatment system. An engine controller can determine whether the particulate filter needs regeneration, and in response, retard a spark timing of the non-donor cylinders by an amount that is different from an amount or retardation of the donor cylinders.

Abstract: A handheld work apparatus has a combustion engine, a pull-rope starter, and a stop button for switching off the combustion engine. A throttle element is arranged in an intake channel of the combustion engine. The work apparatus has a control device for activating a spark plug and a fuel valve. The control device has a starting mode wherein the combustion engine can be started via the pull-rope starter, and an operating mode wherein the operator can adjust the throttle to vary the rotational speed (n) of the combustion engine. The operating and starting mode differ in terms of the control of ignition time and fuel quantity to be supplied. When the combustion engine is started from the switched-off state, the control device is automatically in starting mode, such that after the combustion engine is switched off, the work apparatus is immediately ready for restarting via the pull-rope starter.

Abstract: The exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine comprises: a catalyst arranged in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine and able to store oxygen; an ammonia detection device arranged in the exhaust passage at a downstream side of the catalyst in a direction of flow of exhaust; and an air-fuel ratio control part configured to control an air-fuel ratio of inflowing exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst to a target air-fuel ratio. The air-fuel ratio control part is configured to perform rich control making the target air-fuel ratio richer than a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and make the target air-fuel ratio leaner than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio when an output value of the ammonia detection device rises to a reference value in the rich control.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring cylinder air/fuel imbalances are provided. In one example approach, a method comprises, identifying a cylinder with a potential air/fuel imbalance based on crankshaft accelerations generated by a series of rich, lean, and stoichiometric conditions in the cylinder while keeping the engine at stoichiometry.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for diagnosing an engine system are provided. An apparatus for diagnosing an engine system including a continuous variable valve duration (CVVD) apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include: an accelerator pedal position detector configured for detecting a position of an accelerator pedal; a brake pedal position detector configured for detecting a position of a brake pedal; a vehicle speed detector configured for detecting a speed of a vehicle; an intake pressure detector configured for detecting an intake pressure; and a controller configured for determining whether a fuel cut condition is satisfied and determining whether the CVVD apparatus is in a failure state when the fuel cut condition is satisfied.

Abstract: Internal combustion engine with a controller and at least one combustion chamber and an at least one ignition amplifier associated with the combustion chamber, whereby the at least one combustion chamber, on the one hand via a feeding device for a fuel-air mixture, can be supplied with energy, and on the other hand can be supplied with energy by the associated ignition amplifier, whereby the controller is designed to change the excess-air ratio of the fuel-air mixture in a detection mode for the at least one combustion chamber, and at least one sensor is provided, whose signals can be supplied to the controller and whose signals are characteristic of the combustion event in at least one combustion chamber and that the controller is designed such that, depending on the signals supplied by at least one sensor, a representative detection signal is generated associated with a status of the at least one ignition amplifier associated with at least one combustion chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for diagnosing a fault in a CVVD system. The method includes collecting information necessary to determine whether a fault diagnosis mode entry condition of the CVVD system is satisfied, determining whether the fault diagnosis mode entry condition is satisfied based on the collected information, calculating prediction duration corresponding to a current engine RPM and manifold pressure when the fault diagnosis mode entry condition is satisfied, calculating current duration based on an output value of a motor sensor for detecting the RPM of the duration control motor of the CVVD system, comparing the manifold pressure-based prediction duration D1 with the sensor output-based duration D2, and determining an error of the motor sensor or whether the CVVD system has failed by comparing a duration difference cumulative value, that is, a cumulative value of difference values between the D1 and D2, with a previously stored threshold.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing a purge control solenoid valve (PCSV) may include forming a negative pressure in a fuel tank, checking a pressure in the fuel tank and determining whether a target negative pressure is generated, when the target negative pressure is determined not to be formed based on a result of the determining whether the target negative pressure is generated, suspecting a stuck of the PCSV that electrically controls an inflow amount of evaporated gas from the fuel tank to an intake system of an engine, and increasing a purge amount of the PCSV.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for controlling a vehicle engine to deliver desired torque to a power take off device coupled to the engine. In one example, the method may include, learning a filtered PTO torque demand during vehicle acceleration, and steady state operation, and during transition in engine states using the learned PTO torque demand to adjust engine speed in order to deliver a desired engine torque output for optimal operation of the PTO device.

Abstract: A direct-injection internal combustion engine is controlled such that an injection count of multiple-stage injection is switched according to an operating region, and the multiple-stage injection is performed. The multiple-stage injection divides fuel into multiple times in one combustion cycle, and injects the fuel. Fuel vapor generated in a fuel tank as evaporated fuel is supplied to the internal combustion engine. An operating region in which the injection count of the multiple-stage injection is large is controlled to be narrower when an amount of the evaporated fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine is large, compared with a case of the amount of the evaporated fuel being not large.

Abstract: A heat engine includes two kinds of thermodynamic cycles, wherein a thermodynamic cycle 1 is composed of four processes: an isothermal exothermic compression process, an isochoric endothermic heating process, an isothermal endothermic expansion process and an isochoric exothermic cooling process, and the thermodynamic cycle 1 is composed of two loops, and the structure thereof includes a cylinder #1, a cylinder #2, a cylinder #3, a turbo expander or a double-shaft double-acting cylinder and an airproof container; and a thermodynamic cycle 2 is composed of three processes: an isothermal endothermic expansion and working process, an isobaric exothermic compression process and an isochoric endothermic heating process, and the thermodynamic cycle 2 is composed of two loops, and the structure thereof includes a heat insulating cylinder #1, a heat insulating cylinder #2, a condenser #1, a condenser #2, a cylinder #3, a turbo expander or a double-shaft double-acting cylinder and an airproof container.

Abstract: An exhaust section of a gas turbine engine includes an exhaust plug defining a plurality of exhaust plug apertures circumferentially spaced from each other. Also included is an exhaust nozzle radially offset from the exhaust plug defining an exhaust pathway between the exhaust plug and the exhaust nozzle. Further included is an exhaust plug liner having a non-uniform outer surface axially aligned with the exhaust plug apertures. The exhaust plug liner is rotatable relative to the exhaust plug between a first position and a second position to selectively change a cross-sectional area of the exhaust pathway during thrust reversal operation to reduce an amount of reverse thrust necessary.

Abstract: A thrust reverser assembly for a gas turbine engine including a core engine, a nacelle surrounding at least a portion of the core engine to define a bypass duct between the nacelle and the core engine, including a translating cowl moveable between a first position and a second position, a blocker door movable between a stowed position and a deployed position. The thrust reverser assembly includes multiple actuator assemblies to both translate the cowl and deploy the blocker door.

Abstract: The subject matter of this specification can be embodied in, among other things, a system includes a turbofan engine, a nacelle surrounding the engine and defining an annular bypass duct through the engine to define a generally forward-to-aft bypass air flow path, a thrust reverser movable to and from a reversing position where at least a portion of the bypass air flow path is reversed and comprising a first reverser portion having a first latch element, and a second reverser portion having a second latch element that is reversibly engageable with the first latch element to reversibly secure the second reverser portion to the first reverser portion, and an actuator comprising a catch element coupled to a portion of at least one of the first latch element and the second latch element to move the first reverser portion and the second reverser portion into and out of the reversing position.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine according to an example of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a turbo fan shaft and a turbo fan supported on the fan shaft, a compressor section having compressor hubs with blades driven about an axis, and an epicyclic gear system driving the fan shaft. The gear system includes a carrier supporting intermediate gears that mesh with a sun gear, a ring gear surrounding and meshing with the intermediate gears, the ring gear including first and second portions each having an inner periphery with teeth, the first and second portions abutting one another at a radial interface, each of the first and second portions including a flange extending radially outward, and the first and second portions having grooves at the radial interface which form a hole that expels oil through the ring gear to a gutter, and an input shaft driving the fan shaft through the gear system, the input shaft connected to the sun gear.

Abstract: A modulator device for modulating a gas ejection section, which device is for placing in a nozzle upstream from the throat of the nozzle and includes a plunger. The plunger has both a proximal portion connected to a control guide and also a distal portion in the form of a body of revolution, the plunger being movable between a retracted position and an extended position. The plunger presents, in its distal portion, a first section of concave shape and a second section of concave shape situated downstream from the first section.

Abstract: When high-pressure purge (the first purge control) (d-f) in which fuel evaporative gas in the fuel tank is emitted until internal pressure in the fuel tank decreases to a second predetermined pressure by closing a vapor solenoid valve, opening a fuel tank shutoff valve and a purge control valve when an engine is running finishes, connecting passage purge (the second purge control) (f-g) in which the fuel evaporative gas in vapor piping and purge piping is emitted up to a second predetermined volume (a second predetermined value) or above is performed, and then the fuel evaporative gas in a canister is emitted by opening the vapor solenoid valve (the third purge control) (g-h).

Abstract: A canister includes a fresh air introducing port for introducing a fresh air into the canister. The fresh air introducing port is opened in a space formed by at least a tank cover. The canister is connected to a drain pipe for draining a liquid in the canister to the outside of the canister. The drain pipe extends rearward at a height same as or higher than a lower end of the tank cover. The drain pipe merges with a supplied-fuel drain pipe and extends to a lower portion of a vehicle. The supplied-fuel drain pipe drains a fuel around a fuel supply port of a fuel tank.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hood (40) of a multi cyclone block (12) and an air cleaner (10). The cyclone block (12) has a plurality of cyclone cells (28). The hood (40) having at least one hood-inlet (50) and at least one hood-outlet (52) for air to be fed to the cyclone cells (28). The at least one hood-outlet (52) is designed for surrounding, a plurality of cell-inlets (36) of the cyclone cells (28) of the cyclone block (12). A wall (70) of the hood (40) defines a distributor volume (72) inside the hood (40), which is located between the at least one hood-inlet (50) and the at least one hood-outlet (52). The wall (70) has at least one line or area of inflection (74), where at least one inner surface of the wall (70) changes its curvature.

Abstract: A low pressure regulator for a high pressure fuel pump includes a standard damping orifice, providing a constant level of piston movement damping by enabling a fluid pathway between a spring chamber and a return line. The low pressure regulator also includes a further damping orifice, which is covered by the piston when discharge port holes are open, the further damping orifice providing a further, variable level of piston movement damping by providing a further fluid pathway between the spring chamber and return line. The further damping orifice is open in a hydraulic accumulator mode and closed in a regulator mode, thereby reducing pressure spikes caused by insufficient spring chamber filling.

Abstract: In a multi-fuel injector for an internal combustion engine, including a housing with a nozzle needle movably disposed therein between a closed position in which the nozzle needle blocks a discharge of fuel from a collection chamber, to which a first fuel is supplied, above the nozzle needle, a control chamber is arranged to which a high pressure second fuel is supplied which acts on the nozzle needle to bias it into a closed position, and a control valve is provided in a pressure release line extending from the control chamber for a controlled release of the second fuel from the control chamber by opening the control valve so as to relief the closing pressure on the nozzle needle in order to permit lifting of the nozzle needle from the closed position for discharging the fuel from the collection chamber.

Abstract: A valve assembly may include: a valve body with a longitudinal axis and a cavity; a valve needle; and a driving device for displacing the valve needle. In some embodiments, the valve needle comprises a disc element. The disc element and the driving device comprise mutually facing and radially extending coupling surfaces, the coupling surfaces having an overlapping area of at least 35% of the cross-sectional area of the cavity. The driving device takes the disc element with it for displacing the valve needle in the opening direction solely by means of hydraulic interaction between the coupling surfaces when the driving device is displaced in the opening direction. The coupling surface of the driving device engages in a form-fit connection with the coupling surface of the disc element for pushing the valve needle towards the closing position.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes an injector body, and a plunger movable within a plunger cavity in the injector body. The fuel injector also includes a spill valve positioned at least partially within a main fuel passage, a fill passage forming a fluid connection between the plunger cavity and the main fuel passage, and a cross passage forming a second fluid connection between the plunger cavity and the main fuel passage. The fuel injector also includes a metering edge within the plunger cavity and positioned such that the plunger passes the metering edge during pumping to the plunger for valvetrain noise suppression. A metering slot may be formed in the injector body or the plunger.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to internal combustion engines. Various embodiments of the teaching thereof may include a fluid injection device for internal combustion engines, for example: a valve body with a valve needle; a spring element compressed in a radial direction between the valve body and the valve needle; the spring element supporting the valve needle on the valve body; and the spring element guiding the valve needle to at least substantially prevent tilting of the valve needle relative to the longitudinal axis during operation of the fluid injection device.

Abstract: A fuel injector and method are disclosed wherein an injector body defines a cavity and passages from an inlet at the cavity through an outside surface of the injector body. Each passage may have a first inner contour at a first angle and a second inner contour at a second angle. An injector pin with a fuel pass-though volume may be movable within the cavity to selectively overlap an outlet of the pass-through volume with an inlet of the passages to selectively direct fuel in varying quantities along the first second inner contours.

Abstract: A throttle body fuel injection system including a throttle body with at least one air intake, a fuel injector coupled to the throttle body at a fuel port and an annular ring coupled to the cylindrical inner wall of the air intake. The annular ring includes a primary fuel discharge orifice adjacent to the fuel port and a plurality of secondary fuel discharge orifices arranged radially around the annular ring for spraying atomized fuel into the air intake.

Abstract: Various methods and systems are provided for a pressure relief valve of a fuel system. In one example, a valve includes a first chamber in fluid communication with a first fuel line, a second chamber in fluid communication with a second fuel line and in fluid communication with a fuel storage tank, a piston separating the first chamber from the second chamber, and a needle coupled to the piston and controlling a flow passage between the second fuel line and the second chamber, where the piston and needle are sized such that a force applied on the piston by the first chamber parallel to an axis of movement of the piston maintains the needle in a closed position when the first fuel line flows fuel at a first pressure and the second fuel line flows fuel at a second pressure, the second pressure greater than the first pressure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a power generating device having a combustion engine, in particular a gas motor or a gas turbine, and an energy accumulator. The combustion engine and the energy accumulator are electrically coupled together. The combustion engine can be operated in accordance with a first estimated value and in accordance with a second estimated value.