Abstract: The present application discloses a coating method including: detecting a shape of an object over a coating zone which extends from a start point position to an end point position to generate first detection data before application of coating agent to the object; moving a bracket for holding a nozzle for discharging the coating agent with bringing the bracket into contact with the object to apply the coating agent to the object over the coating zone; detecting a shape of the object after application of the coating agent over the coating zone, to generate second detection data; extracting first extraction data and second extraction data in correspondence to detection positions intermittently set in the coating zone from the first detection data and the second detection data; and comparing the first extraction data with the second extraction data to detect a coating state of the coating agent.

Abstract: Provided are a robot for performing droplet jetting, and a droplet jetting control method for a robot. The robot for performing droplet jetting comprises a control system, a mechanical motion structure, a droplet jetting system, and an aerodynamic balance system. The control system implements motion control and droplet jetting control. The mechanical motion structure is a multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical structure and is used to implement a multi-degree-of-freedom motion function. The droplet jetting system is installed at the mechanical motion structure. The aerodynamic balance control system controls, according to a change in an air pressure of a nozzle, air pressures inside and outside of the nozzle to attain a balance so as to ensure a stable jetting, thereby preventing jetting of an excessive amount or an insufficient amount of droplets.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a coating device for coating components with a coating agent, in particular for painting motor vehicle body components, with a printhead, a multi-axis coating robot and with a robot control which controls the coating robot. The disclosure additionally provides for a separate printhead control which controls the printhead valve of the printhead.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a painting installation for painting components with a paint, in particular for painting motor vehicle body components, with a paint booth and an application device, in particular a print head, arranged in the paint booth, for applying the paint to the component located inside the paint booth, the application device operating essentially without overspray, so that the paint applied by the application device essentially completely on the component to be coated without overspray deposits. The disclosure provides that no paint separation is arranged below the first paint booth.

Abstract: A casing protecting a wheel rim being painted from scratching against elements of an automatic painting line, prior to painting, including a monolithic round shield (1) made of polyamide reinforced with glass fibres with a ring-like shoulder located vertically on its outer perimeter (2), and an outer hollowed profile shoulder (3) within the symmetry axis, created from a ring-like part (4) turning into a section of a truncated taper (5) closed in its upper end, and this ring-like shoulder (2), in its lower face (10), comes with at least three shoulders directed to the inside of this ring-like part of the shoulder (11) or (11?) which operate as latches evenly distributed on the circumference of the ring-like shoulder (2); and three cylindrical metal bars (12) protruding over its both surfaces will be sealed in this casing shield (1) to create an equilateral triangle profile with truncated vertices encompassing the profile shoulder (3).

Abstract: A fountain system is provided. The fountain system includes a fountain nozzle that includes a body configured to telescope during extension and retraction and a nozzle outlet coupled an end of the body. The fountain system also includes an extension system configured to actuate the extension and retraction of the body. The fountain system also includes an actuation system configured to activate discharge of a liquid, such as water, from the nozzle outlet. The extension system and the actuation system are discrete systems.

Abstract: A liquid discharge device to discharge a liquid material stirred near a metering chamber, an application device and an application method using the application device. A liquid discharge device includes a storage unit including a storage container storing a liquid material, and a stirrer drive mechanism; a discharge unit including a metering chamber to be filled with the liquid material, a plunger sliding in close contact with an inner peripheral surface of the metering chamber, a nozzle in communication with the metering chamber, and a switching valve between a first position at which the storage container and the metering chamber are communicated with each other, and a second position at which the metering chamber and the nozzle are communicated; and a connection flow path through which the storage container and the metering chamber are communicated, The stirrer drive mechanism is separable from the storage unit.

Abstract: An apparatus (102) for delivering a glutinous substance (168) from a cartridge (166) to an applicator (254) comprises a sleeve (106) and a pressure-cap assembly (104). The pressure-cap assembly (104) comprises a pressure cap (110), proximate an inlet (124) of the sleeve (106). The pressure-cap assembly (104) also comprises an actuator (114), coupled to the pressure cap (110) and to the sleeve (106). The apparatus (102) further comprises an automated coupler (223), configured to automatically reversibly sealingly couple the applicator (254) with the leading end (167) of the cartridge (166).

Abstract: An improved hot melt glue gun with an automatic glue stick feeding structure includes a housing that is gun-shaped and that includes an inlet and an outlet. A glue stick feeding module is mounted in the housing and located adjacent to the inlet. The glue stick feeding module includes a motor connected to a casing. The casing includes a passage and a through-hole. The passage is located in the casing and intercommunicates with the inlet. The through-hole is aligned with the passage in a transverse direction. An activation module includes an activation rod reciprocatingly and movably extending through the through-hole. A micro switch is located adjacent to the activation module and is electrically connected to the motor. The micro switch is configured to be pressed by the activation rod to activate the motor. A hot melt module is mounted in the housing and located adjacent to the outlet.

Abstract: Disclosed is an adaptor for connecting a grease injection gun to either of a lipped or a threaded grease cartridge; the adaptor including a tubular sleeve, having an internal diameter slightly larger than the external diameter of the grease cartridge, but smaller than the lip of the lipped cartridge, for receiving the discharge end portion of the cartridge; and an adaptor head shaped and dimensioned to form a closure over the tubular sleeve, the adaptor head including an outer face configured to releasably connect with the grease injection gun, and an inner face shaped and configured to releasably connect with the tubular sleeve and the cartridge, with a flow passage extending between the outer face and the inner face, for fluid communication between the grease injection gun and the cartridge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sifter for sprinkling material, comprising a reservoir for sprinkling material, a sifter body, comprising at least one dispensing opening for the sprinkling material, a transporter, for transporting the sprinkling material from the reservoir to the sifter body, wherein the sifter body comprises a looped channel along the dispensing openings, and wherein the transporter is configured for circulation of the sprinkling material through the looped channel.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of automated nanoparticle spraying and an apparatus for same. In one embodiment, the nanoparticles are sprayed over reinforced fabrics, such as for the manufacturing of composite materials. The developed method can control the amount of nanoparticles to be added to the composites with the capability to selectively reinforce localized areas of the fabrics based on the load distribution for a given application.

Abstract: Provided is a paint spreading device, comprising a moving stage for bearing a substrate, a mask having a hollow pattern, an alignment system and a paint nozzle, wherein the mask is above the moving stage and has a gap with the substrate, an orthographic projection of the mask on the moving stage completely covers the substrate, the alignment system is above the moving stage at one side of the mask, the paint nozzle is right above the mask to spread paint on the mask.

Abstract: A method and a jig for forming a pattern, the method and the jig being capable of realizing various and unique pattern designs due to magnetic particles included in the magnetic ink being distributed in various densities according to intensity of the magnetic force. The method includes: preparing a jig which generating magnetic force, applying magnetic ink on a surface of a substrate to form a print layer, disposing the substrate configured with the print layer above the jig, forming a magnetic pattern on the print layer by applying magnetic force generated from the jig, and drying the print layer.

Abstract: A method for producing a panel including a core and a decorative surface layer is disclosed. The method includes the step of applying a dry powder layer on the core. The method includes the step of applying steam on a dry powder layer on the core. Thereafter heat and pressure are applied to the powder layer in order to bond the powder together.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in replacing a compliant member of a vibratory screen assembly. In supporting the vibratory screen assembly, the compliant member is compressed between a screen base and a contact plate that is mounted on a screen frame of the vibratory screen assembly and potential energy is stored by the compliant member as a result of the compression. The apparatus includes an exchanging plate and connectors that hold the exchanging plate at a selectively adjustable distance away from the contact plate. The potential energy stored by the compliant member may be decreased by increasing the distance between the exchanging plate and contact plate by adjusting the connectors. The compliant member may be safely removed and exchanged by eliminating all compression in the compliant member using the exchanging plate.

Abstract: A fastening system for screening machines and/or setting machines for fastening replaceable screen lining segments and/or replaceable anti-wear elements in or to a screening machine having at least one frame which receives the screen lining segments and/or supports the anti-wear elements. For fastening of a screen lining segment and/or of an anti-wear element at least one adapter is fastened to the frame, the adapter having at least one magnet. The magnet interacts with the frame and/or with at least one ferromagnetic coupling element arranged in a vibration-proof manner in or on the screen lining segment and/or anti-wear element and in this way produces a magnetic connection between the adapter and the frame and/or between the adapter and the screen lining segment and/or anti-wear element. Additionally, a screening machine having such a fastening system.

Abstract: System includes an article supply location that includes a plurality of articles to be sorted, first and second transport vehicles, each having a first position in which an article is stowed about the vehicle and a second position in which the article is deposited into a proximal container, and one or more removal devices that transport the container to a location of further processing. System further includes a control system configured to receive an order for a plurality of disparate articles, determine one destination container of a plurality of destination containers to direct the transport vehicle to deposit a selected article, direct the first transport vehicle to transport a selected article to the destination container, deposit the article in the destination container, and transport the destination container to a location for further processing by manipulation of the removal device.

Abstract: Particles are sorted into paths based on a measurable parameter by forming them into a stream in at least one duct carried on a body rotating around an axis where the duct is shaped so that the particles are accelerated to cause the particles separated into the duct to be aligned one after another in a row in the duct. The parameter of the particles are measured in the aligned stream one after the other and the particles are directed into one of a plurality of paths as determined by the measurement. In one arrangement the body comprises a disk member having a front face facing a supply conduit and the duct lies in a radial plane of the disk member. In one arrangement the measurement of the parameter is carried out by one or more measurement devices either carried on the disk or outside the edge of the disk.

Abstract: A cleaning and maintenance multi-tool for electronic devices is provided, which includes multiple tools in a single body, where the tools are capable of cleaning different components of mobile electronic devices such as smart phones, tablets, digital cameras, laptop or PC computers, or the like.

Abstract: Method of making a three-dimensional object, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a carrier platform on which the three-dimensional object can be formed; (b) producing the three-dimensional object, (c) immersing the object in a wash liquid with the object remaining adhered to the carrier platform; (d) agitating (i) the object in said wash liquid, (ii) the wash liquid with the object immersed therein, or (iii) both the object and the wash liquid, to at least partially remove residual resin from the surface of the object; (e) separating the object from the wash liquid, with the object remaining adhered to the carrier platform, (f) agitating the object to at least partially remove residual wash liquid from the surface thereof; and (g) repeating steps (c) through (f) to remove additional polymerizable resin from the surface thereof, wherein steps (c) through (f) are carried out in the same vessel.

Abstract: A washing cabinet for cleaning a part.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a substrate processing method includes supplying a liquid on a first face of a substrate, forming a solidified layer in which at least part of the liquid has been solidified by cooling the substrate down to be equal to or lower than a solidification point of the liquid, and melting the solidified layer. Forming the solidified layer, includes controlling a cooling parameter by monitoring an optical characteristic or acoustic wave characteristic of the solidified layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a first liquid is supplied on a first face of a substrate. The first liquid has a pH with which a surface zeta potential of the substrate becomes negative and a surface zeta potential of a foreign substance attaching to the first face becomes positive. Then, a solidified layer in which at least part of the first liquid has been solidified is formed by cooling the substrate down to be equal to or lower than a solidification point of the first liquid. Thereafter, the solidified layer is melted.

Abstract: An integrated scraper-sponge includes scraper layer is fixed between the first and second sponge and/or abrasive layers. The support structure body includes an area configured and dimensioned to fit between at least a major portion the interface, and/or a plurality of apertures are provided within the area of the support structure body, and a plurality of openings. The scraper layer includes an edge that can be used to remove solidified or other contaminants.

Abstract: Various drop head coupling assemblies are described. The coupling assemblies enable a drop head tool typically used in drain cleaning operations to be releasably engaged with a drain cleaning cable. The coupling assemblies enable the drop head tool to undergo a wide range of motion relative to the drain cleaning cable, particularly during rotation of the cable and drop head.

Abstract: A large bore mobile vacuum system is used with special large bore vacuum adapters to enable a method and system for cleaning ground tanks used to store wastewater. The ground tank cleaning method and system may be safer and more efficient that conventional methods by enabling a human operator to physically remain outside of the ground tank, while preventing the contents of the ground tank from being exposed to the environment during the ground tank cleaning.

Abstract: A jet nozzle and assembly for removing sludge deposits in oil storage tanks is provided. The jet nozzle can include a rigid conduit connectable to a pressurize liquid supply, a pivotal connection connected to the rigid conduit and a spray nozzle connected to the pivotal connection so that the spray nozzle can pivot around the proximal end of the spray nozzle. The assembly can include a manway cover attachable to a manway of a tank, a flange member provided on the manway cover with an aperture passing through the manway cover and inside the flange member, a valve connected to the flange member and a spool connected to the valve. A cover having an opening passing therethrough can be attached to the spool. The rigid conduit of the jet nozzle can be inserted through the opening in the cover so that the jet nozzle extends inside the assembly.

Abstract: A system for neutralizing prescription drugs, narcotics and other harmful substances, including a staging area for an initial collection and sorting of prescription drugs, narcotics and other harmful substances to be neutralized, a containment chamber assembly operatively connected to the staging area for granulating the prescription drugs, narcotics and other harmful substances, a waste grinder/vacuum assembly operatively connected to the containment chamber for destroying any packaging that contained the prescription drugs, narcotics and other harmful substances, and a neutralizing assembly operatively connected to the containment chamber for neutralizing the granulated prescription drugs, narcotics and other harmful substances, with a neutralizing agent.

Abstract: An ecological pollution treatment system for livestock and poultry farms based on combination of planting and breeding, including a source separation water-saving enclosure, a pollution treatment factory, a feed factory and a supporting planting land. The pollution treatment factory and the feed factory are managed by professional teams for specialized disposal of livestock and poultry manure. The pollution treatment factory is composed of a high-temperature aerobic solid fermentation system, a medium-temperature anaerobic liquid fermentation system, a cracking and propagation system, a heating and heat balancing system, a waste gas treatment system and a detection and control system. Sensors of the detection and control system are arranged in the above systems. The present invention can carry out comprehensive treatment on feces, urine and other wastes and waste gases generated during breeding in large-scale pig farms for resource utilization, and is of great significance to rural environmental protection.

Abstract: A method for forming soil enhancement includes forming microbes in a concentrated form of at least 1×107 cfu/ml (colony-forming units per milliliter); and dry forming the microbes onto humic acid.

Abstract: There are provided: an edging rolling step of rolling and shaping a material to be rolled into a predetermined shape; a raised part generating step of performing rolling of a web part by making the material to be rolled to be rotated, and forming a raised part at a middle of the web part of the material to be rolled; a supplementary edging rolling step of performing light reduction rolling by making the material to be rolled after being rolled in one pass or more in the raised part generating step to be rotated again and returning the material to be rolled to a final caliber in the edging rolling step; and a raised part eliminating step of reducing and eliminating the raised part formed in the raised part generating step, in upper and lower caliber rolls which perform the raised part generating step, recessed parts configured to form the raised part at the middle of the web part of the material to be rolled are provided at roll barrel length middle parts of the upper and lower caliber rolls, a roll shape of t

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a ring includes clamping a first region of a metal sheet against a mandrel, and, while the first region of the metal sheet is clamped against the mandrel, bending the metal sheet around the mandrel to join opposite end faces of the metal sheet and form the ring shaped to the mandrel. A system for manufacturing a ring from a metal sheet includes (a) a mandrel having a ring-shaped surface, (b) a clamp facing the ring-shaped surface and configured to clamp a first region of a metal sheet to the mandrel, and (c) a plurality of dies configured to bend the metal sheet around the mandrel, while the clamp clamps the first region to the mandrel, to join opposite end faces of the metal sheet and form a ring shaped to the ring-shaped surface.

Abstract: A pressing tool for plastically deforming a tubular workpiece, and particularly a fitting is described. The pressing tool comprises pressing jaws, a drive adapted to drive the pressing jaws in order to apply a force to the workpiece, a sensor system which is adapted to record a set of pressing data during a pressing process and a control which is adapted to control the drive based on the recorded set of pressing data. Also described are related methods, pressing jaws and workpieces.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a manufacturing method of an unequal-torque coil spring and a manufacturing machine thereof for a curtain spring motor, providing a feedback torque that corresponds to an actual requirement from different stages in a curtain-folding working process, so that when the curtain is folded back, the torque can be used to stabilize the speed of folding back the curtain, and the lower beam of the curtain can be fixed at any heights as the curtain is lowered.

Abstract: A method of forming a finished stamped product includes positioning a blank on a blank holder between an upper die and a lower die, inserting a movable wedge block between the blank holder and the upper die to establish a first binder gap, and while the movable wedge block is inserted, performing a first strike of the blank by lowering the upper die a first distance to contact and partially form the blank, the movable wedge block limiting downward movement of the upper die relative to the lower die. After the first strike, withdrawing the movable wedge block to establish a second binder gap between the blank holder and the upper die, and while the movable wedge block is withdrawn, performing a second strike of the blank by lowering the upper die a second distance to finally form the blank into the finished product.

Abstract: A press system includes a press portion and a controller configured to control the press portion. The controller includes a load pattern generator, an evaluation input unit, and an optimum load pattern setting unit configured to set an optimum load pattern based on a plurality of evaluations of the quality input by the evaluation input unit. The optimum load pattern setting unit includes a response surface generator configured to create from evaluation value data based on the plurality of load patterns and the plurality of evaluations of the quality, by using as an objective function, the evaluation value data with the load pattern being defined as a design variable, a response surface of the objective function, and an optimization calculator configured to find an optimum solution of the objective function of the response surface by optimization.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method of hot gas forming and heat treatment for a Ti2AlNb-based alloy hollow thin-walled component, which pertains to the technical field of plastic forming manufacture of thin-walled components made from difficult-to-deformation materials, more particularly, a forming method of Ti2AlNb-based alloy hollow thin-walled components is involved. The purpose of this invention is to solve the existing problems that Ti2AlNb-based alloy hollow thin-walled components are difficult to form, process steps are complex, and the shape and dimension precision is in contradiction with the control of the microstructure and properties. The method comprises the following steps: (1) hot gas forming to obtain hot gas formed tube components, and (2) controllalbe-cooling heat treatment to obtain Ti2AlNb-based alloy hollow thin-walled components.

Abstract: A method for producing dimensionally highly accurate sheet-metal components is provided. A blank is formed to a preformed part, wherein the preformed part in the cross section at least in regions has an excess developed length. The preformed part is calibrated in regions to a calibrated part while at least in regions using the excess developed length of the cross section of the preformed part, wherein the preformed edges of the preformed part during the calibrating are at least in regions disposed so as to be free of any form-fit. The calibrated part is trimmed at least in regions after the calibrating, in order for the sheet-metal component (60) to be produced. A device for producing dimensionally highly accurate sheet-metal components is moreover described.

Abstract: A binary nozzle for atomizing a mixture of agent to be sprayed and spray air is connected to at least one supply duct via which the mixture or the agent to be sprayed can be supplied to the binary nozzle, wherein a valve is arranged between this supply duct and a nozzle outlet of the binary nozzle. A corresponding spray head and also a method for atomizing a mixture of agent to be sprayed and spray air uses a binary nozzle. The binary nozzle includes a nozzle body formed in a single piece and including the nozzle outlet, wherein a movable assembly of the valve is fastened to the nozzle body by a fastening element and/or held tight against the nozzle body by a spring device.

Abstract: A high-speed stamping transfer robot, including a Y-axis portion, a Z1-axis portion, a Z2-axis portion (upper arm), a mechanical lower arm portion and a tooling portion, wherein the Z1-axis portion is fixedly connected to the Y-axis portion; the Z2-axis portion (upper arm) is in rotational connection with the Z1-axis portion and the Y-axis portion and is capable of moving vertically relative to the Z1-axis portion while moving horizontally relative to the Y-axis portion; the mechanical lower arm portion is in rotational connection with the Z2-axis portion (upper arm) and is capable of rotating relative to the Z2-axis portion (upper arm); and the tooling portion is fixedly connected to the mechanical lower arm portion. Through linkage among the respective axis portions, high-speed and high-load stable transfer of sheets between presses can be realized.

Abstract: A cup feed assembly for a can bodymaker with a vertically oriented, reciprocating, elongated ram assembly is provided. The cup feed assembly includes a chute assembly, a rotatable feeder disk assembly, and a cup locator. The chute assembly includes a transfer chute. The transfer chute includes an outer second side member, a first end and a second end. The transfer chute first end is in communication with the feeder chute outlet end. The outer second side member at the transfer chute second end includes a first biasing device. The cup locator defines a holding space, the holding space in communication with the transfer chute second end. The feeder disk assembly is structured to move a cup disposed at feeder chute outlet end through the transfer chute into the cup locator. The first biasing device is structured to maintain a cup in the holding space.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a chassis part from micro-alloyed steel, having an improved cold workability of cold-solidified, mechanically separated sheet-metal edges, comprising the following method steps: —providing a hot-rolled strip or a hot-rolled strip sheet of the claimed alloy composition in weight percent, cutting a blank at room temperature and optionally carrying out further punching or cutting operations, —heating exclusively the sheet metal edge regions of the blank, which have been cold-solidified by the cutting or punching operations, to a temperature of at least 700° C. with a dwell time of at most 10 seconds and subsequent cooling with air, —cold forming the blank in one or more steps to form a chassis part at room temperature.

Abstract: A tool manufacturing method includes the steps of preparing a cylindrical blank, dividing the blank into sections, changing an outer diameter of one of the sections, and shaping the sections to complete a tool. During the shaping step, the section whose outer diameter is changed is shaped into a symmetrical polygon for serving as a head portion of the tool and shaping another section to obtain a polygon with alternate concavities and convexities thereon for serving as an engaging portion of the tool. Accordingly, the progressive execution of the method prevents the deterioration of the blank made of a high carbon content metal material, allows the tool to keep good mechanical properties, increases the manufacturing efficiency, and reduces manufacturing costs.

Abstract: Disclosed is a binder supply apparatus for supplying a liquid binder to foundry sand. The binder supply apparatus comprises: a reservoir tank for reserving the binder therein; a first pump for supplying the binder to the reservoir tank; a temperature adjusting device for adjusting the temperature of the binder in the reservoir tank to a given temperature; a second pump for circulating the binder such that the binder is discharged from the reservoir tank to a circulation passage and then re-suppled to the reservoir tank; a flowmeter for measuring the flow rate of the binder flowing through the circulation passage; and a binder ejection port for ejecting the binder.

Abstract: A molding material in a powder-fixing lamination method includes an aggregate and a powdery precursor of a binder that binds the aggregate mutually. The aggregate is a casting sand, and the powdery precursor contains a hardening component and a hardening accelerating component. A molded product is manufactured using the molding material.

Abstract: A casting method includes constructing a 3D model to add an inner wall compensation quantity, making a thin shell mold by a 3D printing machine, individually treating the thin shell mold by smooth processing, processing the thin shell mold by multi-layer impregnation slurry or gunite to make an outer shell mold, and to form a double-layer shell mold which includes the thin shell mold and the outer shell mold, processing the double-layer shell mold by sand filling and compressing, clearing the thin shell mold by a physical or chemical process, casting the outer shell mold to form a shaped article, and post processing the shaped article by shaking and sand clearing to form a product.

Abstract: An injection assembly, for pressure die casting systems, has an injection cylinder adapted to inject liquid metal into a casting cavity; the injection cylinder is actuated by a hydraulic flow of an oil-pressure controlled circuit; the oil-pressure controlled circuit includes a hydraulic cushion which blocks and releases the flow of the hydraulic fluid in the injection cylinder and provides a counter-pressure of preset value to control the injection speeds and to prevent cavitation in the injection cylinder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 3D printer using a metal alloy filament, wherein the 3D printer introduces a metal alloy filament (650) through a nozzle (610) formed inside an induction heating coil (620), melts and extrudes the filament, and laminates the filament three-dimensionally inside a chamber (500) heated to a similar temperature. The present invention forcibly introduces a metal alloy filament in a nozzle, heated by an induction heating coil which circularly encloses the exterior of the nozzle and forms a cooling passage therein, by means of a transfer gear connected to a transfer motor.

Abstract: Provided herein are titanium alloys that can achieve a combination of high strength and high toughness or elongation, and a method to produce the alloys. By tolerating iron, oxygen, and other incidental elements and impurities, the alloys enable the use of lower quality scrap as raw materials. The alloys are castable and can form ?-phase laths in a basketweave morphology by a commercially feasible heat treatment that does not require hot-working or rapid cooling rates. The alloys comprise, by weight, about 3.0% to about 6.0% aluminum, 0% to about 1.5% tin, about 2.0% to about 4.0% vanadium, about 0.5% to about 4.5% molybdenum, about 1.0% to about 2.5% chromium, about 0.20% to about 0.55% iron, 0% to about 0.35% oxygen, 0% to about 0.007% boron, and 0% to about 0.60% other incidental elements and impurities, the balance of weight percent comprising titanium. There exists an unmet need to produce titanium alloys for use in aerospace applications which have a refined equiaxed grain structure.